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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
  • JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
  • thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
  • Elsevier  (16)
  • University of Chicago Press
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  • 1
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    University of Chicago Press | University of Chicago Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: What distinguishes humans from nonhumans? Two common answers—free will and religion—are in some ways fundamentally opposed. Whereas free will enjoys a central place in our ideas of spontaneity, authorship, and deliberation, religious practices seem to involve a suspension of or relief from the exercise of our will. What, then, is agency, and why has it occupied such a central place in theories of the human? Automatic Religion explores an unlikely series of episodes from the end of the nineteenth century, when crucial ideas related to automatism and, in a different realm, the study of religion were both being born. Paul Christopher Johnson draws on years of archival and ethnographic research in Brazil and France to explore the crucial boundaries being drawn at the time between humans, “nearhumans,” and automata. As agency came to take on a more central place in the philosophical, moral, and legal traditions of the West, certain classes of people were excluded as less-than-human. Tracking the circulation of ideas across the Atlantic, Johnson tests those boundaries, revealing how they were constructed on largely gendered and racial foundations. In the process, he reanimates one of the most mysterious and yet foundational questions in trans-Atlantic thought: what is agency?
    Keywords: brazil ; brazilian ; france ; french ; religion ; religious studies ; history ; historical ; humanity ; humans ; nonhumans ; free will ; freedom ; 19th century ; automatism ; ethnography ; archival research ; philosophy ; morality ; ethics ; morals ; ethical ; legalism ; legal ; gender ; race ; anthropology ; determinism ; case study ; culture ; agency ; action ; ability ; understanding ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    University of Chicago Press | University of Chicago Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: Building the American Republic combines centuries of perspectives and voices into a fluid narrative of the United States. Throughout their respective volumes, Harry L. Watson and Jane Dailey take care to integrate varied scholarly perspectives and work to engage a diverse readership by addressing what we all share: membership in a democratic republic, with joint claims on its self-governing tradition. It will be one of the first peer-reviewed American history textbooks to be offered completely free in digital form. Visit buildingtheamericanrepublic.org for more information. The American nation came apart in a violent civil war less than a century after ratification of the Constitution. When it was reborn five years later, both the republic and its Constitution were transformed. Volume 2 opens as America struggles to regain its footing, reeling from a presidential assassination and facing massive economic growth, rapid demographic change, and combustive politics. The next century and a half saw the United States enter and then dominate the world stage, even as the country struggled to live up to its own principles of liberty, justice, and equality. Volume 2 of Building the American Republic takes the reader from the Gilded Age to the present, as the nation becomes an imperial power, rethinks the Constitution, witnesses the rise of powerful new technologies, and navigates an always-shifting cultural landscape shaped by an increasingly diverse population. Ending with the 2016 election, this volume provides a needed reminder that the future of the American republic depends on a citizenry that understands—and can learn from—its history.
    Keywords: democracy ; immigration ; manifest destiny ; urbanization ; transcontinental railroad ; labor ; slavery ; unions ; working conditions ; farmers alliance ; pullman ; 14th amendment ; jim crow ; reconstruction ; civil war ; patronage ; spanish american ; protest ; social change ; roosevelt ; progressive era ; dollar diplomacy ; revolution 1913 ; suffrage ; empire ; neutrality ; interventionism ; roaring 20s ; sexuality ; feminism ; great depression ; new deal ; south ; race ; ethnicity ; racism ; discrimination ; political movements ; nonfiction ; history ; vietnam ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    University of Chicago Press | University of Chicago Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: If you were an independent, adventurous, liberated American woman in the 1920s or 1930s where might you have sought escape from the constraints and compromises of bourgeois living? Paris and the Left Bank quickly come to mind. But would you have ever thought of Russia and the wilds of Siberia? This choice was not as unusual as it seems now. As Julia L. Mickenberg uncovers in American Girls in Red Russia, there is a forgotten counterpoint to the story of the Lost Generation: beginning in the late nineteenth century, Russian revolutionary ideology attracted many women, including suffragists, reformers, educators, journalists, and artists, as well as curious travelers. Some were famous, like Isadora Duncan or Lillian Hellman; some were committed radicals, though more were just intrigued by the “Soviet experiment.” But all came to Russia in search of social arrangements that would be more equitable, just, and satisfying. And most in the end were disillusioned, some by the mundane realities, others by horrifying truths. Mickenberg reveals the complex motives that drew American women to Russia as they sought models for a revolutionary new era in which women would be not merely independent of men, but also equal builders of a new society. Soviet women, after all, earned the right to vote in 1917, and they also had abortion rights, property rights, the right to divorce, maternity benefits, and state-supported childcare. Even women from Soviet national minorities—many recently unveiled—became public figures, as African American and Jewish women noted. Yet as Mickenberg’s collective biography shows, Russia turned out to be as much a grim commune as a utopia of freedom, replete with economic, social, and sexual inequities. American Girls in Red Russia recounts the experiences of women who saved starving children from the Russian famine, worked on rural communes in Siberia, wrote for Moscow or New York newspapers, or performed on Soviet stages. Mickenberg finally tells these forgotten stories, full of hope and grave disappointments.
    Keywords: america ; united states ; russian ; soviet union ; 1920s ; 1930s ; travel ; immigration ; escape ; siberia ; lost generation ; 20th century ; contemporary ; modern ; women ; feminism ; girls ; isadora duncan ; lillian hellman ; radical ; experiment ; equality ; revolutionary ; history ; historical ; men ; patriarchy ; divorce ; rights ; property ; benefits ; maternity ; childcare ; sexual ; economic ; social ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHQ History of other geographical groupings and regions ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DN Biography and non-fiction prose::DNB Biography: general::DNBH Biography: historical, political and military ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DN Biography and non-fiction prose::DNB Biography: general
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    University of Chicago Press | University of Chicago Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Following conflicting desires for an Aztec crown, this book explores the possibilities of repatriation. In The Contested Crown, Khadija von Zinnenburg Carroll meditates on the case of a spectacular feather headdress believed to have belonged to Montezuma, the last emperor of the Aztecs. This crown has long been the center of political and cultural power struggles, and it is one of the most contested museum claims between Europe and the Americas. Taken to Europe during the conquest of Mexico, it was placed at Ambras Castle, the Habsburg residence of the author’s ancestors, and is now in Vienna’s Welt Museum. Mexico has long requested to have it back, but the Welt Museum uses science to insist it is too fragile to travel. Both the biography of a cultural object and a history of collecting and colonizing, this book offers an artist’s perspective on the creative potentials of repatriation. Carroll compares Holocaust and colonial ethical claims, and she considers relationships between indigenous people, international law and the museums that amass global treasures, the significance of copies, and how conservation science shapes collections. Illustrated with diagrams and rare archival material, this book brings together global history, European history, and material culture around this fascinating object and the debates about repatriation.
    Keywords: repatriation ; feather headdress ; mexico ; europe ; colonialism ; history ; aztec ; montezuma ; emperor ; exhibition ; ownership ; possession ; ambras castle ; welt museum ; conquest ; seizure ; dispossession ; holocaust ; looting ; ethics ; reparation ; nonfiction ; indigenous ; international law ; collection ; material culture ; crown ; anthropology ; el penacho ; replica ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AG The Arts: treatments and subjects::AGA History of art ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GL Library and information sciences / Museology::GLZ Museology and heritage studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples ; thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    University of Chicago Press | University of Chicago Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Weather control. Juxtaposing those two words is enough to raise eyebrows in a world where even the best weather models still fail to nail every forecast, and when the effects of climate change on sea level height, seasonal averages of weather phenomena, and biological behavior are being watched with interest by all, regardless of political or scientific persuasion. But between the late nineteenth century—when the United States first funded an attempt to “shock” rain out of clouds—and the late 1940s, rainmaking (as it had been known) became weather control. And then things got out of control. In Make It Rain, Kristine C. Harper tells the long and somewhat ludicrous history of state-funded attempts to manage, manipulate, and deploy the weather in America. Harper shows that governments from the federal to the local became helplessly captivated by the idea that weather control could promote agriculture, health, industrial output, and economic growth at home, or even be used as a military weapon and diplomatic tool abroad. Clear fog for landing aircraft? There’s a project for that. Gentle rain for strawberries? Let’s do it! Enhanced snowpacks for hydroelectric utilities? Check. The heyday of these weather control programs came during the Cold War, as the atmosphere came to be seen as something to be defended, weaponized, and manipulated. Yet Harper demonstrates that today there are clear implications for our attempts to solve the problems of climate change.
    Keywords: contemporary ; modern ; weather ; control ; models ; forecast ; climate ; sea level ; seasons ; seasonal ; average ; rainfall ; snow ; wind ; behavior ; history ; historical ; 1940s ; funding ; government ; federal ; local ; agriculture ; health ; industry ; economy ; economic ; project ; snowpack ; cold war ; atmosphere ; research ; academic ; scholarly ; diplomacy ; international ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    University of Chicago Press | University of Chicago Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Building the American Republic combines centuries of perspectives and voices into a fluid narrative of the United States. Throughout their respective volumes, Harry L. Watson and Jane Dailey take care to integrate varied scholarly perspectives and work to engage a diverse readership by addressing what we all share: membership in a democratic republic, with joint claims on its self-governing tradition. It will be one of the first peer-reviewed American history textbooks to be offered completely free in digital form. Visit buildingtheamericanrepublic.org for more information. Volume 1 starts at sea and ends on the battlefield. Beginning with the earliest Americans and the arrival of strangers on the eastern shore, it then moves through colonial society to the fight for independence and the construction of a federalist republic. From there, it explains the renegotiations and refinements that took place as a new nation found its footing, and it traces the actions that eventually rippled into the Civil War. This volume goes beyond famous names and battles to incorporate politics, economics, science, arts, and culture. And it shows that issues that resonate today—immigration, race, labor, gender roles, and the power of technology—have been part of the American fabric since the very beginning.
    Keywords: history ; historical ; southern culture ; united states of america ; american ; usa ; cultural ; democratic republic ; government ; governing ; digital textbook ; americans ; colonies ; colonization ; independence ; revolution ; federalist ; civil war ; slavery ; politics ; economics ; science ; arts ; society ; immigration ; race ; racism ; labor ; gender roles ; technology ; agriculture ; native peoples ; slave trade ; columbus ; conquest ; puritans ; religion ; jamestown ; salem ; kkk ; reconstruction ; george washington ; abraham lincoln ; manifest destiny ; democracy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2020-11-16
    Description: Using a Monte Carlo method based on a random walk in ad hoc N-dimensional phase space, we construct N random time series having prescribed coherence spatial decay. We apply the method in seismology by designing a numerical experiment to investigate how the coherence of the bedrock motion relates to the coherence of the surface ground motion in a sedimentary valley. The main features of the coherence behavior in the valley are found to tie in with data analysis and field observations.
    Description: Part of the research activities have been carried out by A. Caserta, for his PhD study, in cooperation with the Charles University in Prague (Czech Republic) and in the frame of the projects GACR 205/07/0502 and MSM 0021620860.
    Description: Published
    Description: 133-138
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Coherence of seismic waves ; Monte Carlo numerical simulations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-03-05
    Description: A three-dimensional S wave attenuation tomography of Mt. Vesuvius has been obtained with multiple measurements of coda-normalized S-wave spectra of local small magnitude earthquakes.We used 6609 waveforms, relative to 826 volcano-tectonic earthquakes, located close to the crater axis in a depth range between 1 and 4 km (below the sea level), recorded at seven 3-component digital seismic stations. We adopted a two-point ray-tracing; rays were traced in an high resolution 3-D velocity model. The spatial resolution achieved in the attenuation tomography is comparable with that of the velocity tomography (we resolve 300m side cubic cells). We statistically tested that the results are almost independent from the radiation pattern. We also applied an improvement of the ordinary spectral-slope method to both P- and S-waves, assuming that the differences between the theoretical and the experimental high frequency spectral-slope are only due to the attenuation effects. Consequently we could check the codanormalization method also comparing the S attenuation image with the P attenuation image. The images were obtained inverting the spectral data with a multiple resolution approach. Results have shown the general coincidence of low attenuation with high velocity zones. The joint interpretation of velocity and attenuation images allows us to interpret the low attenuation zone intruding toward the surface until a depth of 500m below the sea level as related to the residual part of solidified magma from the last eruption. In the depth range between −700 and −2300 images are consistent with the presence of multiple acquifer layers. No evidence of magma patches greater than the minimum cell dimension (300m) has been found. A shallow P wave attenuation anomaly (beneath the southern flank of the volcano) is consitent with the presence of gas saturated rocks. The zone characterized by the maximum seismic energy release cohincides with a high attenuation and low velocity volume, interpreted as a cracked medium.
    Description: Published
    Description: 17–32
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Attenuation tomography ; Mt. Vesuvius ; Coda normalization method ; Spectral slope ; Multi resolution inversion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Seismic attenuation in the area of Mt. Vesuvius is reappraised by studying more than 400 S-coda envelopes of small local VT earthquakes recorded at Mt. Vesuvius from 1996 to 2002 at the three-component stations of OVO and BKE. The purpose is to obtain a stable separate estimate of intrinsic and scattering quality factors for shear waves. We investigate in the present paper four frequency bands, centered respectively at fc = 3, 6, 12 and 18 Hz with a bandwidth of 0.6fc. Stacked coda envelopes are fit to the multiple scattering model according to the Zeng approximation in the hypothesis of constant velocity half space. Results show that the diffusion regime is a good approximation as the scattering attenuation (proportional toQ−1 S , the inverse scattering-quality factor) is much stronger than the intrinsic dissipation (proportional to Q−1 I ). Q−1 S decreases with frequency while intrinsic attenuation is much less frequency-dependent. We also fit the stacked coda envelopes at BKE to the diffusion equation solved with the boundary condition of a 2 km thick diffusive layer over a homogeneous half space. Results show that the diffusivity, D, estimated in the assumption of reflecting boundary condition is greater than that estimated in the assumption of uniform half space, whereas the diffusivity estimated with the absorbing boundary condition is close to the estimate done in the assumption of half space. OVO station shows results different from those obtained at BKE and at a group of five stations located on Mt. Vesuvius for the frequency bands centered at 12 and 18 Hz. In these two bands, scattering attenuation at OVO is comparable to the intrinsic dissipation, and is much smaller than that measured at the other stations. We interpret this anomaly as due to an effect of strong lateral heterogeneity which modifies the redistribution of the seismic energy into the coda at OVO. A comparison of the results obtained using passive data (the present data set) and the active data obtained in the same area during TOMOVES experiment by Wegler (2004) show that the diffusivity estimated with shot data during TOMOVES is smaller of a factor greater than 4. This discrepancy is interpreted as due to different earth volumes sampled by the coda waves in the two cases.
    Description: Published
    Description: 202-212
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Scattering ; Diffusion ; Seismic attenuation ; Mt. Vesuvius ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The accuracy of automatic procedures for locating earthquakes is influenced by several factors such as errors in picking seismic phases, network geometry, modeling errors and velocity model uncertainties. The main purpose of this work is to improve the performances of the automatic procedure employed for the “quasi-real-time” location of seismic events in North Western Italy by developing a procedure based on a waveform similarity analysis and by using only one seismic station. To detect “earthquake families” a cross-correlation technique was applied to a data set of seismic waveforms recorded in the period 1985–2002, in a small test area (1600 km2) located in the SouthWestern Alps (Italy). Normalized cross-correlation matrices were calculated using about 2700 seismic events, selected on the basis of the signal to noise ratio, manually picked and located by using the Hypoellipse code. The waveform similarity analysis, based on the bridging technique, allowed grouping about 65% of the selected events into 80 earthquake families (multiplets) located inside the area considered. For each earthquake family a master event is selected, manually re-picked and re-located by using Hypoellipse code. Having chosen a reference station (STV) on the basis of the completeness of the available data set, an automatic procedure has been developed with the aim of cross-correlating new seismic recordings (automatically picked) to the waveforms of the events belonging to the detected families. If the new event is proved to belong to a family (on the basis of the cross-correlation values), its hypocenter co-ordinates are defined by the location of the master event of the associated family. The performance of the proposed procedure is tested and demonstrated using a data set of 104 selected earthquakes recorded in the period January 2003–June 2004 and located in the test area. The automatic procedure is able to locate, associating events with the multiplets detected by the waveform similarity analysis, about 50% of the test events, almost independently of the accuracy of the automatic phase picker and without the biasing of the network geometry and of the velocity model uncertainties.
    Description: Published
    Description: 18-29
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Automatic location procedure ; Waveform similarity analysis ; Cross-correlation methodology ; South Western Alps seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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