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  • Artikel  (11)
  • Forschungsdaten
  • Monitoring system
  • nitrogen
  • Springer  (11)
  • ELSEVIER
  • Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung  (6)
  • Technik allgemein  (5)
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  • Artikel  (11)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetics of the Electrons in Striations of Spherical Glow Discharges (2000)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 20 (2000), S. 87-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Schlagwort(e): striations ; nitrogen ; spherical discharge ; spatially inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation ; electron velocity distribution function ; dc glow discharge
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract Recent observations of spherical striations in large-volume nitrogen dcdischarges with a central anode have stimulated investigations of thenonlocal electron kinetics in these striations by solving the spatiallyinhomogeneous Boltzmann equation adapted to spherical geometry. Becausethe radial course of the electric potential is largely unknown in thisdischarge, different models concerning its radial course have been developedand used. These models are based on the measured radii of the striationsand the assumption that the potential drop between successive striationsdoes not change. As a consequence, with decreasing distance between thestriations the electric field strongly increases toward the centralanode. It has been found that spherical striations are only obtained ifthe electric field is strongly modulated. In this case, a highly nonlocalbehavior of the velocity distribution function and strongly modulatedradial courses of the macroscopic quantities have been obtained.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006973911319
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pure and Binary Gas Adsorption Equilibria and Kinetics of Methane and Nitrogen on 4A Zeolite by Isotope Exchange Technique (1999)
    Springer
    Adsorption 5 (1999), S. 145-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8757
    Schlagwort(e): kinetics ; isotope-exchange ; nitrogen ; adsorption ; methane ; zeolite ; equilibria
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract The Isotope Exchange Technique (IET) was used to simultaneously measure pure and binary gas adsorption equilibria and kinetics (self-diffusivities) of CH4 and N2 on pelletized 4A zeolite. The experiment was carried out isothermally without disturbing the adsorbed phase. CH4 was selectively adsorbed over N2 by the zeolite because of its higher polarizability. The multi-site Langmuir model described the pure gas and binary adsorption equilibria fairly well at three different temperatures. The selectivity of adsorption of CH4 over N2 increased with increasing pressure at constant gas phase composition and temperature. This curious behavior was caused by the differences in the sizes of the adsorbates. The diffusion of CH4 and N2 into the zeolite was an activated process and the Fickian diffusion model described the uptake of both pure gases and their mixtures. The self-diffusivity of N2 was an order of magnitude larger than that for CH4. The pure gas self-diffusivities for both components were constants over a large range of surface coverages (0 〈 θ 〈 0.5). The self-diffusivities of CH4 and N2 from their binary mixtures were not affected by the presence of each other, compared to their pure gas self-diffusivities at identical surface coverages.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008917308002
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Glucoamylase production in continuous cultures of Aspergillus niger with special emphasis on growth parameters (1997)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 14 (1997), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Schlagwort(e): Aspergillus ; continuous culture ; glucoamylase ; growth ; fungi ; nitrogen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract Maltose-limited continuous culture of Aspergillus niger was carried out with potassium nitrate to investigate growth and glucoamylase formation characteristics. Glucoamylase production was dependent on the specific growth rate. The maximal amount of glucoamylase (units/l and U/g dry weight) was obtained at μ=0.08h−1, and the maximum specific rate of production (units/g/dry weight per hour) was at μ=0.2h−1. The maintenance coefficients (ms and mATP) were higher than for some other fungi. Maximal growth yields on substrate, oxygen and ATP (Yxsm, YxO2m and Yxam) were very efficient (high) and the value of Yxam, which cannot exceed the theoretical maximal value, is obtained when a P/O ratio of 1:1 is assumed. This indicates that biomass formation is energetically inexpensive and most of the expended energy has to be invested in the process of glucoamylase excretion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008840904246
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The behavior of titanium, stainless steel, and copper-nickel alloys as plasma torch cathodes (1996)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 16 (1996), S. 577-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Schlagwort(e): Cathode erosion ; electrode materials ; argon ; nitrogen ; hydrogen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract Cathode erosion continues to be a problem hindering the widespread application of plasma technology. In this work, cathode erosion was studied on titanium, stainless steel 314, copper-nickel 10% and 30%, and copper 122 for magnetically rotated arcs operating in argon, nitrogen, and argon/hydrogen mixtures at a constant magnetic flux density of 0.1 T Titanium and stainless steel gave very low erosion rates in argon (0.2 and 0.3, μg/C respectively). Cupronickels were shown to be suitable for nitrogen and hydrogen plasmas. The slope of hydrogen solubility versus temperature in the cathode material was found to be important in determining hydrogen plasma erosion characteristics. When the plasma gas has a high solubility in the cathode material, or can react with the cathode, a negative erosion rate may result. When gas solubility in the cathode is low, oxide stability and mode of electron emission may govern the erosion rate. A high gas solubility in the cathode material, as with hydrogen, can result in mechanical erosion due to micro-explosions near the cathode surface.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447010
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Changes in nitrogen resources with increases in temperature during production of mushroom compost (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 12 (1996), S. 379-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Schlagwort(e): Agaricus bisporus ; ammonia ; compost ; nitrogen ; thermophilic
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract The rise in temperature is an important event during the composting of lignocellulosic materials and has to be controlled and regulated to improve the biodegradation. Phase I mushroom composts were incubated under environmentally controlled conditions. When the temperature was pre-set at 65°C and then later at around 80°C, the microbial respiration and the biodegradations were hardly affected. However residual activities due to thermoresistant bacteria were still measured after 68 h at a constant temperature of 80°C. Significant changes in nitrogen resources were observed: loss of nitrogen from microbial products, an increase in the proportion of nitrogen in non-hydrolysable and stable forms, and an increase in volatilisation of ammonia. These changes were mainly due to physico-chemical mechanisms associated with disturbances in the structure of the microbial community.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340215
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transport coefficients of air, argon-air, nitrogen-air, and oxygen-air plasmas (1995)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 15 (1995), S. 279-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Schlagwort(e): Transport coefficients ; transport properties ; viscosity ; thermal conductivity ; electrical conductivity ; diffusion coefficient ; Chapman-Etskog method ; air ; argon ; nitrogen ; oxygen ; plasma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract Calculated values of the viscosity, thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of air and mixtures of air and argon, air and nitrogen, and air and oxygen at high temperatures are presented. In addition, combined ordinary, pressure, and thermal diffusion coefficients are given for the gas mixtures. The calculations, which assione local thermodynamic equilibrium, are performed for atmospheric pressure plasmas in the temperature range from 300 to 30,000 K. The results for air plasmas are compared with those of published theoretical and experimental studies. Significant discrepancies are found with the other theoretical studies; these are attributed to differences in the collision integrals used in calculating the transport coefficients. A number of the collision integrals used here are significantly more accurate than values used previously, resulting in more reliable values of the transport coefficients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01459700
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transport coefficients of argon, nitrogen, oxygen, argon-nitrogen, and argon-oxygen plasmas (1994)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 14 (1994), S. 451-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Schlagwort(e): Transport coefficients ; transport properties ; viscosity ; thermal conductivity ; electrical conductivity ; diffusion coefficient ; Chapman Enskog method ; argon ; nitrogen ; oxygen ; plasma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract Calculated values of the viscosity, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity of argon, nitrogen, and oxygen plasmas, and mixtures of argon anti nitrogen and of argon anti oxygen, are presented. In addition, combined ordinary, pressure, and thermal diffusion coefficients are given for the gas mixtures. These three combined diffusion coefficients fully describe di fusion of the two gases, irrespective of their degree of dissociation or ionizati on. The calculations, which assume local thermodynamic equilibrium, are performed! for atmospheric-pressure plasmas in the temperature range /torn 300 to 30,000 K. A number of the collision integrals used in calculating the transport coefficients are significantly more accurate than values used in previous theoretical studies, resulting in more reliable values of the transport coefficients. The results are compared with those of published theoretical and experimental studies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570207
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Assimilation of ethylenediamine as nitrogen source by the cyanobiont Nostoc ANTH (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1994), S. 477-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Schlagwort(e): Ethylenediamine ; glutamine synthetase ; nitrogen ; Nostoc ANTH
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract Nostoc ANTH metabolizes ethylenediamine (EDA) as sole nitrogen source but not as a carbon source. EDA is assimilated by the glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway. EDA represses heterocyst formation and nitrogenase activity but this is reversed by l-methionine-dl-sulphoximine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00144477
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Glucoamylase production by Aspergillus niger on rice bran is improved by adding nitrogen sources (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1994), S. 348-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Schlagwort(e): Aspergillus ; glucoamylase ; nitrogen ; rice bran
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract Corn steep liquor, peptone or NH inf4 sup+ salts increased the yield of glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger growing in a solid-state fermentation on rice bran up to 360 IU/g dry substrate over 96 h at 30°C.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414878
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis of aluminum nitride in transferred arc plasma furnaces (1993)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 13 (1993), S. 613-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Schlagwort(e): Aluminum nitride ; aluminum ; nitrogen ; hydrogen ; ammonia ; thermal plasma ; transferred plasma ; emission spectroscopy ; sintering ; ultrafine powder ; nanophase ; composite
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract Ultrafine particles of aluminum tnitride (AIN) arc produced by a transferred an plasma. Two devices are used: a transferred arc plasma on aluminum natal in nitrogen or nitrogenlammonia atmospheres, and a item concept of transferred arc plasma when, DC anode and cathode ares are coupled together above an alumintun melt. Equilibrium chemical compositions mere calculated. The temperature distributions in the plasma are measured hr emission spectroscopy Flit, powder, made from 99.8%, aluminum ingot, it as analyzed and confirmed to be 99.3%, of hexagonal phase aluminum nitride. In othertests, from 99.99% aluminum ingot, a translucent AIN vinter was obtained. The densification behavior was assessed by hot pressing and by pressureless sintering, with and without additives. The thermal conductivities are given.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570134
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Contribution of inoculation with azolla combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc to rice in Nile Delta (1992)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 8 (1992), S. 579-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Schlagwort(e): Azolla ; fertilization ; nitrogen ; phosphate ; rice ; zinc
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract Rice performance, in terms of plant height, productive tillering, yield and N-contents of grain and straw, harvest index (grain yield as a percentage of grain plus straw yields) and relative fertilizer N-use efficiency (kg grain yield/kg fertilizer-N) was enhanced by urea, ZnSO4 and green manuring withAzolla caroliniana. Unlike urea fertilizer, calcium superphosphate increased the rate of azolla field colonization and promoted a thick, healthy dark-green mat of the fern. Response to ZnSO4 was higher in the azolla-free sub-subplots. Application of ZnSO4 corrected symptoms of Zn deficiency in rice but the addition of calcium superphosphate in the absence of Zn intensified the symptoms of Zn deficiency.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01238792
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