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  • Articles  (8)
  • Contracts and Reputation  (5)
  • Shadow Economy  (3)
  • Oxford University Press  (8)
  • Copernicus
  • Geography  (8)
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
  • 1
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    Measuring industry coagglomeration and identifying the driving forces (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-20
    Description: Understanding industry agglomeration and its driving forces is critical for the formulation of industrial policy in developing countries. Crucial to this process is the definition and measurement of agglomeration. We construct a new coagglomeration index based purely on the location of firms. We examine what this index reveals about the importance of transport costs, labour market pooling and technology transfer for agglomeration processes, controlling for overall industry agglomeration. We compare the results based on our new measure to existing measures in the literature and find very different underlying stories at work. We conclude that in conducting analyses of this kind giving consideration to the source of agglomeration economies, employees or entrepreneurs, and finding an appropriate measure for agglomeration, are both crucial to the process of identifying agglomerative forces.
    Keywords: L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, L60 - General, O14 - Industrialization ; Manufacturing and Service Industries ; Choice of Technology, O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Single-firm case studies in economic geography: some methodological reflections on the case of Zara (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-14
    Description: In this article, I reassess the undeserved reputation of Inditex’s Zara as a ‘home-sewn exception to globalization’ for supposedly keeping manufacturing at home despite larger trends; and I use the occasion to make a case for rigorous, evidentially strong single-firm case studies. In the process, I draw attention to the manner in which the value-adding qualities of scholarly work are being judged in economic geography; and argue that the prioritization of novelty over unenhanced readings of realities may encourage case studies to be presented as more unique and exceptional than they actually are.
    Keywords: D21 - Firm Behavior, F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business, L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope, L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Strategic decoupling, recoupling and global production networks: India's pharmaceutical industry (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-10-09
    Description: Contemporary debates on economic globalization have emphasized the development opportunities for the Global South through local firms becoming integrated into the global commodity chains (GCCs), value chains (GVCs) and production networks (GPNs) governed by leading multinational corporations. With increasing attention to the negative sides of integration, an emergent issue is the role of disengagement from, and operation outside of, the GPNs of lead firms. Through the case of the Indian pharmaceutical industry, where a selective and short-term strategic decoupling and subsequent recoupling has played a crucial role in the development of what is now the largest such industry in the Global South, this article explores how decoupling from GPNs may lead to positive development outcomes. The experience of India and the pharmaceutical industry shows that a sequence of decoupling and recoupling can be an alternative to strategic coupling as a route to economic development.
    Keywords: O14 - Industrialization ; Manufacturing and Service Industries ; Choice of Technology, O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements, O20 - General
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    The dynamics of the inventor network in German biotechnology: geographic proximity versus triadic closure (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-04-20
    Description: Economic geography has developed a stronghold analyzing how geography impacts innovation. Yet, despite increased interest in networks, a critical assessment of the role of geography in the evolution of networks is still lacking. This article attempts to explore the interplay between geographic distance and triadic closure as two main forces that drive the evolution of collaboration networks. Analyzing the evolution of inventor networks in German biotechnology, the article theoretically argues and empirically demonstrates that—as the technological regime of an industry changes over time—inventors increasingly rely on network resources by forming links to partners of partners, while the direct impact of geographic distance on tie formation decreases. Although initially triadic closure reinforces the geographic distance effect by closing triads among proximate inventors, over time triadic closure becomes an increasingly powerful vehicle to generate longer distance collaboration ties as the effect of geographic proximity decreases.
    Keywords: D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory, L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, L65 - Chemicals ; Rubber ; Drugs ; Biotechnology, R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    The economic value of local social networks (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-20
    Description: The idea that local social capital yields economic benefits is fundamental to theories of agglomeration, and central to claims about the virtues of cities. However, this relationship has not been evaluated using methods that permit confident statements about causality. This article examines what happens to firms that become affiliated with ‘dealmakers’—individuals who are unusually well connected in local social networks. We adopt a quasi-experimental approach, which examines firms that added exactly one new individual to their firm, combining difference-in-differences and propensity score matching to address selection and\ identification challenges. The results indicate that when compared to a control group, firms which link to a dealmaker are rewarded with substantial gains in employment and sales.
    Keywords: L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development, O18 - Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses, R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Thinking through the relationships between legal and illegal activities and economies: spaces, flows and pathways (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-06-14
    Description: My purpose in this article is selectively to draw upon and use the available evidence to summarise the various forms/types of illegal activities, their relationships to the formal legal economy, their various spatialities and geographies, and to identify some of the theoretical and conceptual issues raised by recognising the absence of consideration of the illegal/illicit in the economic geography literature and to consider in a preliminary way some of the implications of this lacuna. This will inevitably be a partial and preliminary exercise, not least because of the fragmented nature of the available empirical evidence on illegal economies.
    Keywords: O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Distance as asset? Knowledge collaboration in hybrid virtual communities (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: This article takes issue with the reification of proximity in the current debates about the geographies of knowledge production. It aims at developing a more differentiated view on the spatialities of learning by focussing on knowledge practices in which neither physical nor relational proximity are available. More specifically, the article explores on the basis of a ‘netnographic approach’ interactive knowledge collaboration in nine ‘hybrid virtual communities’ that reflect a broad spectrum of organizational set-ups from firm hosted over firm related to independent communities. Our empirical analysis reveals that hybrid virtual communities even in the absence of physical or relational proximity are able to produce economically useful knowledge; that despite the low importance of proximity the physical and material conditions play a crucial role for knowledge collaboration in hybrid virtual communities; and that hybrid virtual communities afford unique technical opportunities and social dynamics that foster learning processes unattainable in face-to-face contexts.
    Keywords: D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief, L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, L17 - Open Source Products and Markets
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Coagglomeration of formal and informal industry: evidence from India (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-18
    Description: A large and growing informal sector is a major feature of developing countries. I analyze coagglomeration patterns between formal and informal manufacturing enterprises in India, and study (i) the causes underlying these patterns, and (ii) the positive externalities, if any, on the entry of new firms. I find that buyer–seller and technology linkages explain much of formal–informal coagglomeration. I also find that this sectoral, within-industry, coagglomeration matters mostly to small- and medium-sized formal firms births. Traditional measures of agglomeration remain important in explaining new industrial activity, whether in the formal or the informal sectors.
    Keywords: O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements, R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity, R30 - General
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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