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  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology  (16)
  • CO2
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
  • CRC Press  (19)
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  • 1
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    Chapter 13 The Single-Celled Ancestors of Animals (2024)
    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Among the most important innovations in the history of life is the transition from single-celled organisms to more complex, multicellular organisms. Multicellularity has evolved repeatedly across the tree of life, resulting in the evolution of new kinds of organisms that collectively constitute a significant portion of Earth’s biodiversity and have transformed the biosphere. This volume examines the origins and subsequent evolution of multicellularity, reviewing the types of multicellular groups that exist, their evolutionary relationships, the processes that led to their evolution, and the conceptual frameworks in which their evolution is understood. This important volume is intended to serve as a jumping-off point, stimulating further research by summarizing the topics that students and researchers of the evolution of multicellularity should be familiar with, and highlighting future research directions for the field.
    Keywords: Animal Kingdom,Plasmodial Slime Molds,Polysphondylium Pallidum,Amoeboid Cells,Multiciliated Cells,Single Celled Ancestors,Fruiting Body Morphology,Cellular Slime Mold Dictyostelium Discoideum,Single Cell Techniques,Naegleria Gruberi,Cellular Slime Mold,Myxococcus Xanthus,Ventral Folds,Bryozoan Larva,Major Evolutionary Transitions,Amoeboid Migration,Motile Cilia,Unicellular Ancestors,Complex Life Histories,Physarum Polycephalum,Cell Theory,Flagellated Cells,Molecular Phylogenies ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSF Cellular biology (cytology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Proteostasis and Proteolysis (2023)
    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Proteins are the key decision-making workforce for practically all cellular signals. The precise equilibrium between protein translation, folding, function and timely degradation, also known as "proteostasis", determine cellular health as well as organismal maintenance and survival. Loss of cellular proteostasis is linked with physiological processes of deterioration such as aging, with conditions characterized by supraphysiological oxidative stress as well as with illness, including age-related diseases, neurodegeneration, inflammation, dystrophies and cancer. This book includes 18 chapters logically organized to allow comprehensive understanding of how maintenance of proteostasis protects cellular and organismal health, and how environmental and metabolic pressure can impair proteostasis and lead to disequilibrium and disease. Each chapter contains up-to-date information on its respective topic while some of them review the interplay of certain proteostatic mechanisms, a newly arising topic. Importantly, most chapters include tangible examples of how failure of proteostasis can underlie aging and disease. We hope that the compilation of the above topics will assist both novice and experienced researchers and students to become more familiar with the subject of proteostasis. In the long run, we hope that this book will inspire its readers and eventually promote new ideas and new research studies.
    Keywords: ad, age, alejandro, alihamze, anna, arantxa, aspects, assembly, Athanasopouloi, autophagy, between, cell, central, chaerone, chapter, Chondrogianni, complex, concluding, conculsions, contents, control, crosstalk, current, deciphering, definition, degradation, Diana, diseases, during, Efstathios, elF5A, Elah, Elisabeth, Factors, Farras, fathinajafabadi, Ferrando, Ferriz, folding, functions, future, gioran, gonos, heat, heidi, integrity, interplay, introsuction, irreversible, judith, kapetanou, kinetic, leading, localized, Marianna, Martinez, mechanisms, MicroRNAs, misfolding, molecular, motifs, network, Kiki, Olzscha, organellar, other, oxidative, panfilova,pathway, pauses, perspectives, pick, polu, pro, process, Proteasome, protein, proteinopathies, proteolysis, proteome, proteostasis, proteostatic, quality, references, regulation, regulators, related, remarks, rescues, response, reversible, ribosomal, riemer, rosa, RQC, S, shock,significance, sophia, stalling, stress, system, systemic, systems, table, targeting, term, thermodynamic, transcriptional , translation, translational, treatments, ubiquitin, unfolded ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Handbook of Marine Model Organisms in Experimental Biology (2021)
    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: "The importance of molecular approaches for comparative biology and the rapid development of new molecular tools is unprecedented. The extraordinary molecular progress belies the need for understanding the development and basic biology of whole organisms. Vigorous international efforts to train the next-generation of experimental biologists must combine both levels – next generation molecular approaches and traditional organismal biology. This book provides cutting-edge chapters regarding the growing list of marine model organisms. Access to and practical advice on these model organisms have become aconditio sine qua non for a modern education of advanced undergraduate students, graduate students and postdocs working on marine model systems. Model organisms are not only tools they are also bridges between fields – from behavior, development and physiology to functional genomics. Key Features Offers deep insights into cutting-edge model system science Provides in-depth overviews of all prominent marine model organisms Illustrates challenging experimental approaches to model system research Serves as a reference book also for next-generation functional genomics applications Fills an urgent need for students Related Titles Jarret, R. L. & K. McCluskey, eds. The Biological Resources of Model Organisms (ISBN 978-1-1382-9461-5) Kim, S.-K. Healthcare Using Marine Organisms (ISBN 978-1-1382-9538-4) Mudher, A. & T. Newman, eds. Drosophila: A Toolbox for the Study of Neurodegenerative Disease (ISBN 978-0-4154-1185-1) Green, S. L. The Laboratory Xenopus sp. (ISBN 978-1-4200-9109-0)"
    Keywords: Developmental biology;Biodiversity;Marine biology;Evolution;Genetics (non-medical);Neurosciences;Zoology: invertebrates;Zoology: fishes (ichthyology);Molecular biology;Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology::RNCB Biodiversity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology::PSPM Marine biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVA Zoology: invertebrates ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVC Zoology: fishes (ichthyology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Chapter 2 Protein Folding And Misfolding (2023)
    Taylor & Francis | Proteostasis and Proteolysis | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Proteins are the key decision-making workforce for practically all cellular signals. The precise equilibrium between protein translation, folding, function and timely degradation, also known as "proteostasis", determine cellular health as well as organismal maintenance and survival. Loss of cellular proteostasis is linked with physiological processes of deterioration such as aging, with conditions characterized by supraphysiological oxidative stress as well as with illness, including age-related diseases, neurodegeneration, inflammation, dystrophies and cancer. This book includes 18 chapters logically organized to allow comprehensive understanding of how maintenance of proteostasis protects cellular and organismal health, and how environmental and metabolic pressure can impair proteostasis and lead to disequilibrium and disease. Each chapter contains up-to-date information on its respective topic while some of them review the interplay of certain proteostatic mechanisms, a newly arising topic. Importantly, most chapters include tangible examples of how failure of proteostasis can underlie aging and disease. We hope that the compilation of the above topics will assist both novice and experienced researchers and students to become more familiar with the subject of proteostasis. In the long run, we hope that this book will inspire its readers and eventually promote new ideas and new research studies.
    Keywords: ad, age, alejandro, alihamze, anna, arantxa, aspects, assembly, Athanasopouloi, autophagy, between, cell, central, chaerone, chapter, Chondrogianni, complex, concluding, conculsions, contents, control, crosstalk, current, deciphering, definition, degradation, Diana, diseases, during, Efstathios, elF5A, Elah, Elisabeth, Factors, Farras, fathinajafabadi, Ferrando, Ferriz, folding, functions, future, gioran, gonos, heat, heidi, integrity, interplay, introsuction, irreversible, judith, kapetanou, kinetic, leading, localized, Marianna, Martinez, mechanisms, MicroRNAs, misfolding, molecular, motifs, network, Kiki, Olzscha, organellar, other, oxidative, panfilova,pathway, pauses, perspectives, pick, polu, pro, process, Proteasome, protein, proteinopathies, proteolysis, proteome, proteostasis, proteostatic, quality, references, regulation, regulators, related, remarks, rescues, response, reversible, ribosomal, riemer, rosa, RQC, S, shock,significance, sophia, stalling, stress, system, systemic, systems, table, targeting, term, thermodynamic, transcriptional , translation, translational, treatments, ubiquitin, unfolded ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Vitamin C (2021)
    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Vitamin C holds a unique place in scientific and cultural history. In this book, a group of leading scientific researchers describe new insights into the myriad ways vitamin C is employed during normal physiological functioning. In addition, the text provides an extensive overview of the following: the rationale for utilizing vitamin C in the clinic, updates on recent uses of vitamin C in cancer treatment through high-dose intravenous therapies, the role vitamin C plays in the treatment of sepsis and infectious disease, management of the ways vitamin C can improve stem cell differentiation, as well as vitamin C use in other important health situations.
    Keywords: vitamins ; biochemical ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 6
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    Chapter 7 Vitamin C in Pneumonia and Sepsis (2021)
    Taylor & Francis | Vitamin C | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: In humans, ascorbic acid is an essential vitamin, anti-oxidant and co-factor of a variety of metal ion-dependent enzymatic reactions. In this review, the transport of L-ascorbic acid is described from food to target cells. Transport of ascorbic acid across the plasma membrane is facilitated by members of the SLC23 family, SLC23A1/SVCT1 and SLC23A2/SVCT2. We present in silico models of these transporters that provide new insights into the structure of the SLC23 family. While SVCT1 is mainly responsible for uptake of ascorbic acid from the intestine into the blood and for reabsorption in the kidney, the more broadly expressed transporter SVCT2 delivers ascorbic acid into tissues that are in high demand of the vitamin. The oxidized form of ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), is a substrate of the GLUT transporters belonging to the SLC2 family. They play important roles in ascorbic acid recycling, such as in the brain and in erythrocytes. Ascorbic acid serves as an essential co-factor of metal ion-dependent enzymes, keeping their metal ions in the reduced state. In addition, it serves as an effective antioxidant in cells with high metabolic activity such as neurons. Thus, it is not too surprising that changes in expression and function of the SVCTs have nutritional and pathological consequences such as during ageing, malnutrition and chronic alcohol abuse or in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and chronic inflammation diseases. In the future, SVCT1 and SVCT2 may furthermore prove useful as drug delivery systems, to enhance transport of novel pharmaceutical agents more efficiently across the intestinal epithelium and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.
    Keywords: antioxidants ; ascorbic acid ; infectious disease ; intravenous ascorbate ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    The Kinesin Superfamily Handbook (2022)
    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book brings together current information on the families that make up the kinesin superfamily of molecular motors in one comprehensive text. It is an ideal reference for researchers looking to make comparisons between different families, for specific information on an individual family, or simply for an overview of the kinesin superfamily. Information is clearly structured and grouped according to individual families and organiszed in a standardiszed way, allowing the reader to easily search and retrieve information on this large superfamily of molecular motors and understand how its individual members carry out a diverse variety of cellular functions. Features: The first book dedicated to the entire kinesin superfamily. Enables a fuller understanding of this family of proteins, which is becoming an increasing focus of research due to its involvement in diseases such as cancer, neuropathies and ciliopathies. Written in a manner accessible to a range of researchers in life and medical sciences, including biophysicists, biochemists, and medical researchers.
    Keywords: kinesin; superfamily; molecular motors ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHM Atomic and molecular physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology
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  • 8
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    Chapter 11 Vitamin C and the Brain (2023)
    Taylor & Francis | Vitamin C | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The brain requires vitamin C to metabolize fuel substrates and synthesize neurotransmitters, regulate their release, and modify their actions. Vitamin C also protects the brain from oxidative damage. Clinical studies do not provide strong evidence that vitamin C deficiency directly impairs brain function but rather suggest that the fatigue, mood disturbance, and cognitive dysfunction sometimes associated with vitamin C deficiency are due to peripheral tissue damage, with possibly an exaggerated emotional response to it. Severe brain injury drastically depletes the cerebrospinal fluid of vitamin C; clinical trials of high-dose intravenous vitamin C are strongly warranted for this condition. The very limited clinical trial evidence available does not demonstrate that vitamin C supplementation slows the progression of dementia or improves clinical outcomes after an acute ischemic stroke. Hypovitaminosis C is common in people with severe mental illness; it should be treated. A few clinical trials have been carried out of low-pharmacologic doses of vitamin C (alone or with other nutrients) as adjunctive therapy in patients with chronic stable schizophrenia or depression, with inconsistent results. There is plausible but inclusive evidence that continuous supplementation with a combination of several micronutrients, including vitamin C, may have cognitive benefits in some people even if they lack diagnosed vitamin deficiencies.
    Keywords: Antioxidants, Ascorbic Acid, Infectious Disease, Intravenous Ascorbate, Vitamin C, acute sepsis, cancer treatment, infectious disease treatment, stem cell transplantation ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 9
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    Glutathione (2024)
    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: This is the first serious attempt to synthesize all that became known of glutathione over the last three decades. The book contains an update of glutathione biosynthesis with special emphasis on its regulation in adaptive stress responses. Other chapters review glutathione transport systems and glutathione peroxidases and their differences in substrate specificities and localization. Further contributions center on the diversified roles of different glutathione--transferases and the roles of nitrosoglutathione and glutaredoxins - a subfamily of redoxins. The book closes with discussions of the analogous or homologous thiol metabolism in pathogens and the potential suitability of involved enzymes as drug targets. Key selling features: Summarizing the way glutathione is involved in stress responses Compiling the multiple ways glutathione affects inflammatory responses Disclosing how glutathione dampens programmed cell death such as ferroptosis Exploring the enigma of how enzymes accelerate glutathione-dependent processes Discussing how detoxification and redox regulation is mediated by glutathionylation Reviewing the ways glutaredoxins catalyze protein disulfide reduction Highlighting the medical impact of glutathione-related metabolic pathways Illustrating the role thiol metabolism of pathogens might play in drug discovery
    Keywords: Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B,LMW Thiol,GPx4 Expression,Active Site Cysteine,GPx1 mRNA,Thiol Disulfide Exchange Reactions,FeS Clusters,GCL Activity,GPx1 KO,GPx1 Activity,Mixed Disulfide,Iron Sulfur Clusters,Labile Iron Pool,Thiol Disulfide Oxidoreductases,GCLC Expression,Total GSH Content,GSH Transport,GSH Synthesis,BLM.,Iron Dependent Lipid Peroxidation,Mitochondrial GSH,Renal Proximal Tubular Cells,Free GSH,Dual Specificity Protein Phosphatase,PT,Biosynthesis,Adaptive Stress Response,Detoxification,Redox Reactions,Drug Discovery,Henry J. Forman,Hongqiao Zhang,Terrance J. Kavanagh,Lawrence H. Lash,Laura Orian,Giorgio Cozza,Matilde Maiorino,Stefano Toppo,Fulvio Ursini,Diane E. Handy,Joseph Loscalzo,Holger Steinbrenner,Lars-Oliver Klotz,Anna P. Kipp,Antonella Roveri,José Pedro,Friedmann Angeli,Valerian E. Kagan,Marcus Conrad,Yefim Manevich,Lutz Schomburg,Bengt Mannervik,Birgitta Sjödin,Kenneth D. Tew,Ralf Morgenstern,Jesper Z. Haeggström,Per-Johan Jakobsson,Leopold Flohé,Iain L. O. Buxton,Scott D. Barnett,Linda Liedgens,Marcel Deponte,Carsten Berndt,Anna Dorothee Engelke,Klaudia Lepka,Lars Bräutigam,Marcelo A. Comini,Martin Hugo,Madia Trujillo,Lucía Piacenza,Rafael Radi,Leonardo Astolfi Rosado,BrandPedre,Joris Messens,Quach Ngoc Tung,Nico Linzner,Vu Van Loi,Haike Antelmann ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSF Cellular biology (cytology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 10
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    Chapter 12 The Genesis of Behaviorally Modern Homo sapiens (2022)
    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This book is a “big history” of the evidence regarding how we came to be. It briefly explores philosophical thought and how our past might affect our future. The text summarizes different perspectives, including the strengths and weaknesses of each. The genesis of our planet is explored, especially the circumstances that must exist for complex life to arise. This brief journey highlights the history of life, the emergence of simple lifeforms, and the evolution of complex creatures, including humans. The book concludes with a discussion of why other humanoids went extinct while our species achieved dominance. The author speculates on potentialities awaiting humankind and our planet.
    Keywords: Big History, Emergent Conditions, Evolution of Complexity, Origin of Life ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PG Astronomy, space and time ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBG Geology, geomorphology and the lithosphere ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVG Geophysics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution
    Language: English
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