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  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences  (47)
  • Physics  (44)
  • thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building  (25)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution
  • CRC Press  (78)
  • Logos Verlag Berlin  (40)
  • Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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  • 1
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Among the most important innovations in the history of life is the transition from single-celled organisms to more complex, multicellular organisms. Multicellularity has evolved repeatedly across the tree of life, resulting in the evolution of new kinds of organisms that collectively constitute a significant portion of Earth’s biodiversity and have transformed the biosphere. This volume examines the origins and subsequent evolution of multicellularity, reviewing the types of multicellular groups that exist, their evolutionary relationships, the processes that led to their evolution, and the conceptual frameworks in which their evolution is understood. This important volume is intended to serve as a jumping-off point, stimulating further research by summarizing the topics that students and researchers of the evolution of multicellularity should be familiar with, and highlighting future research directions for the field.
    Keywords: Animal Kingdom,Plasmodial Slime Molds,Polysphondylium Pallidum,Amoeboid Cells,Multiciliated Cells,Single Celled Ancestors,Fruiting Body Morphology,Cellular Slime Mold Dictyostelium Discoideum,Single Cell Techniques,Naegleria Gruberi,Cellular Slime Mold,Myxococcus Xanthus,Ventral Folds,Bryozoan Larva,Major Evolutionary Transitions,Amoeboid Migration,Motile Cilia,Unicellular Ancestors,Complex Life Histories,Physarum Polycephalum,Cell Theory,Flagellated Cells,Molecular Phylogenies ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSF Cellular biology (cytology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Bio Impedance Spectroscopy (BIS) consists in the application of a small frequency variable electrical signal to a biological material and measuring its response. This research explores BIS applied to cancer and healthy cells and tissues, with the objective to try to distinguish them and also to explore differences between metastatic and non-metastatic cancers. Important trends were found in the direction of a significant different spectral response between cancerous and healthy tissues, close correlated with the effects of the cancer in the normal tissues. Also, one physical characteristic that can possibly be used to distinguish metastatic from non-metastatic cancer cells was found: the cell surface charge.
    Keywords: Cells distinction ; Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ; Metastatic cancers ; Non-metastatic cancers ; Cell charge ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: This is the first serious attempt to synthesize all that became known of glutathione over the last three decades. The book contains an update of glutathione biosynthesis with special emphasis on its regulation in adaptive stress responses. Other chapters review glutathione transport systems and glutathione peroxidases and their differences in substrate specificities and localization. Further contributions center on the diversified roles of different glutathione--transferases and the roles of nitrosoglutathione and glutaredoxins - a subfamily of redoxins. The book closes with discussions of the analogous or homologous thiol metabolism in pathogens and the potential suitability of involved enzymes as drug targets. Key selling features: Summarizing the way glutathione is involved in stress responses Compiling the multiple ways glutathione affects inflammatory responses Disclosing how glutathione dampens programmed cell death such as ferroptosis Exploring the enigma of how enzymes accelerate glutathione-dependent processes Discussing how detoxification and redox regulation is mediated by glutathionylation Reviewing the ways glutaredoxins catalyze protein disulfide reduction Highlighting the medical impact of glutathione-related metabolic pathways Illustrating the role thiol metabolism of pathogens might play in drug discovery
    Keywords: Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B,LMW Thiol,GPx4 Expression,Active Site Cysteine,GPx1 mRNA,Thiol Disulfide Exchange Reactions,FeS Clusters,GCL Activity,GPx1 KO,GPx1 Activity,Mixed Disulfide,Iron Sulfur Clusters,Labile Iron Pool,Thiol Disulfide Oxidoreductases,GCLC Expression,Total GSH Content,GSH Transport,GSH Synthesis,BLM.,Iron Dependent Lipid Peroxidation,Mitochondrial GSH,Renal Proximal Tubular Cells,Free GSH,Dual Specificity Protein Phosphatase,PT,Biosynthesis,Adaptive Stress Response,Detoxification,Redox Reactions,Drug Discovery,Henry J. Forman,Hongqiao Zhang,Terrance J. Kavanagh,Lawrence H. Lash,Laura Orian,Giorgio Cozza,Matilde Maiorino,Stefano Toppo,Fulvio Ursini,Diane E. Handy,Joseph Loscalzo,Holger Steinbrenner,Lars-Oliver Klotz,Anna P. Kipp,Antonella Roveri,José Pedro,Friedmann Angeli,Valerian E. Kagan,Marcus Conrad,Yefim Manevich,Lutz Schomburg,Bengt Mannervik,Birgitta Sjödin,Kenneth D. Tew,Ralf Morgenstern,Jesper Z. Haeggström,Per-Johan Jakobsson,Leopold Flohé,Iain L. O. Buxton,Scott D. Barnett,Linda Liedgens,Marcel Deponte,Carsten Berndt,Anna Dorothee Engelke,Klaudia Lepka,Lars Bräutigam,Marcelo A. Comini,Martin Hugo,Madia Trujillo,Lucía Piacenza,Rafael Radi,Leonardo Astolfi Rosado,BrandPedre,Joris Messens,Quach Ngoc Tung,Nico Linzner,Vu Van Loi,Haike Antelmann ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSF Cellular biology (cytology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Springer Nature | Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Wenn Sie sich für den Stand der Dinge auf dem Gebiet der Gen- und Zelltherapie interessieren, bietet Ihnen diese Open-Access-Publikation einen umfassenden und hochaktuellen Überblick. Wissenschaftler und Experten behandeln Fragen wie: Haben CAR-T-Zellen etwas mit Autos zu tun, wie funktionieren Genfähren, können uns Stammzellen bei Therapien helfen, was sind Organoide und warum dauert es oft so lange, bis neuartige Behandlungskonzepte in die Klinik kommen? Kann man Gene wie Bücher editieren, wie gefährlich ist das eigentlich und wer kontrolliert sowas, muss Gentherapie so teuer sein und ist sichergestellt, dass alle Patienten die Therapie bekommen, die sie benötigen?
    Keywords: Genome Editing ; Keimbahnmodifikation ; Genetisches Enhancement ; Vektoren ; Immuntherapie ; Stammzelltransplantation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: German
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  • 5
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    Springer Nature | Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Wenn Sie sich für den Stand der Dinge auf dem Gebiet der Gen- und Zelltherapie interessieren, bietet Ihnen diese Open-Access-Publikation einen umfassenden und hochaktuellen Überblick. Wissenschaftler und Experten behandeln Fragen wie: Haben CAR-T-Zellen etwas mit Autos zu tun, wie funktionieren Genfähren, können uns Stammzellen bei Therapien helfen, was sind Organoide und warum dauert es oft so lange, bis neuartige Behandlungskonzepte in die Klinik kommen? Kann man Gene wie Bücher editieren, wie gefährlich ist das eigentlich und wer kontrolliert sowas, muss Gentherapie so teuer sein und ist sichergestellt, dass alle Patienten die Therapie bekommen, die sie benötigen?
    Keywords: Genome Editing ; Keimbahnmodifikation ; Genetisches Enhancement ; Vektoren ; Immuntherapie ; Stammzelltransplantation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: German
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  • 6
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Among the most important innovations in the history of life is the transition from single-celled organisms to more complex, multicellular organisms. Multicellularity has evolved repeatedly across the tree of life, resulting in the evolution of new kinds of organisms that collectively constitute a significant portion of Earth’s biodiversity and have transformed the biosphere. This volume examines the origins and subsequent evolution of multicellularity, reviewing the types of multicellular groups that exist, their evolutionary relationships, the processes that led to their evolution, and the conceptual frameworks in which their evolution is understood. This important volume is intended to serve as a jumping-off point, stimulating further research by summarizing the topics that students and researchers of the evolution of multicellularity should be familiar with, and highlighting future research directions for the field.
    Keywords: Major Evolutionary Transitions,Cellular Aggregations,Plasmodial Slime Molds,Polysphondylium Pallidum,Multicellular Group,Fruiting Body Morphology,Cellular Slime Mold Dictyostelium Discoideum,Cellular Slime Mold,Myxococcus Xanthus,Charophyte Algae,Animal Kingdom,Major Evolutionary Transitions,Fruiting Body,Aggregative Multicellularity,Unicellular Ancestor,Multicellular Species,Stalk Cells,Genotype Phenotype Map,Volvox Carteri,Dictyostelium Discoideum,Physarum Polycephalum,Modifier Allele,Collective Fitness,Apical Cells,Stalk Formation,Unicellular Species,Tryptophan Aminotransferase ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSF Cellular biology (cytology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSF Cellular biology (cytology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Taylor & Francis | Glutathione: Chemistry and Biochemistry | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: This is the first serious attempt to synthesize all that became known of glutathione over the last three decades. The book contains an update of glutathione biosynthesis with special emphasis on its regulation in adaptive stress responses. Other chapters review glutathione transport systems and glutathione peroxidases and their differences in substrate specificities and localization. Further contributions center on the diversified roles of different glutathione-〈I〉S〈/I〉-transferases and the roles of nitrosoglutathione and glutaredoxins - a subfamily of redoxins. The book closes with discussions of the analogous or homologous thiol metabolism in pathogens and the potential suitability of involved enzymes as drug targets. Key selling features: Summarizing the way glutathione is involved in stress responses Compiling the multiple ways glutathione affects inflammatory responses Disclosing how glutathione dampens programmed cell death such as ferroptosis Exploring the enigma of how enzymes accelerate glutathione-dependent processes Discussing how detoxification and redox regulation is mediated by glutathionylation Reviewing the ways glutaredoxins catalyze protein disulfide reduction Highlighting the medical impact of glutathione-related metabolic pathways Illustrating the role thiol metabolism of pathogens might play in drug discovery
    Keywords: MLCP Activation,MLCK Activity,Myosin Head,Airway Smooth Muscle,Actomyosin ATPase Activity,Cross-bridge Cycling,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B,GSNOR,Soluble Guanylate Cyclase,Spontaneous PTL,Smooth Muscle,Cognate Kinase,Myometrial Quiescence,Pkg Action,RhoGEF,Cysteine Thiol,SMM,Smooth Muscle Contraction,Myosin Phosphatase,MLCP,Cap Protein,Cardiac Myosin,Regulatory Light Chain,Cox ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSF Cellular biology (cytology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Drought, a serious global issue, is being aggravated by climate change. Both pedological and agronomic droughts are a major risk factor with adverse effects on agronomic productivity, food and nutritional security, and human wellbeing.
    Keywords: Biology; life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Discharge Modeling; Numerical Analysis; Desalination; Outfall; Inclined Jets; OpenFOAM; Effluent Dilution Modeling
    Keywords: Discharge Modeling; Numerical Analysis; Desalination; Outfall; Inclined Jets; OpenFOAM; Effluent Dilution Modeling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGB Mechanical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology::TQS Sanitary and municipal engineering::TQSW Water supply and treatment ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The texts presented in Proportion Harmonies and Identities (PHI) Time and Space were compiled to establish a multidisciplinary platform for presenting, interacting, and disseminating research. It also aims to foster awareness and discussion on Time and Space, focusing on different visions relevant to Architecture, Arts and Humanities, Design and Social Sciences, and its importance and benefits for the sense of identity, both individual and communal. The idea of Time and Space has been a powerful motor for development since the Western Early Modern Age. Its theoretical and practical foundations have become the working tools of scientists, philosophers, and artists, who seek strategies and policies to accelerate the development process in different contexts.
    Keywords: Architecture ; Arts ; Design ; Humanities ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Proteins are the key decision-making workforce for practically all cellular signals. The precise equilibrium between protein translation, folding, function and timely degradation, also known as "proteostasis", determine cellular health as well as organismal maintenance and survival. Loss of cellular proteostasis is linked with physiological processes of deterioration such as aging, with conditions characterized by supraphysiological oxidative stress as well as with illness, including age-related diseases, neurodegeneration, inflammation, dystrophies and cancer. This book includes 18 chapters logically organized to allow comprehensive understanding of how maintenance of proteostasis protects cellular and organismal health, and how environmental and metabolic pressure can impair proteostasis and lead to disequilibrium and disease. Each chapter contains up-to-date information on its respective topic while some of them review the interplay of certain proteostatic mechanisms, a newly arising topic. Importantly, most chapters include tangible examples of how failure of proteostasis can underlie aging and disease. We hope that the compilation of the above topics will assist both novice and experienced researchers and students to become more familiar with the subject of proteostasis. In the long run, we hope that this book will inspire its readers and eventually promote new ideas and new research studies.
    Keywords: ad, age, alejandro, alihamze, anna, arantxa, aspects, assembly, Athanasopouloi, autophagy, between, cell, central, chaerone, chapter, Chondrogianni, complex, concluding, conculsions, contents, control, crosstalk, current, deciphering, definition, degradation, Diana, diseases, during, Efstathios, elF5A, Elah, Elisabeth, Factors, Farras, fathinajafabadi, Ferrando, Ferriz, folding, functions, future, gioran, gonos, heat, heidi, integrity, interplay, introsuction, irreversible, judith, kapetanou, kinetic, leading, localized, Marianna, Martinez, mechanisms, MicroRNAs, misfolding, molecular, motifs, network, Kiki, Olzscha, organellar, other, oxidative, panfilova,pathway, pauses, perspectives, pick, polu, pro, process, Proteasome, protein, proteinopathies, proteolysis, proteome, proteostasis, proteostatic, quality, references, regulation, regulators, related, remarks, rescues, response, reversible, ribosomal, riemer, rosa, RQC, S, shock,significance, sophia, stalling, stress, system, systemic, systems, table, targeting, term, thermodynamic, transcriptional , translation, translational, treatments, ubiquitin, unfolded ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The Institution’s International Conference on Turbochargers and Turbocharging (Twickenham, London, UK, 16-17 May 2023) returns to address the latest advances, research and developments in turbocharging system designs and boosting solutions. This volume presents a peer-reviewed collection of papers which will address current and novel turbocharging system choices and components with a renewed emphasis to address the challenges posed by emission regulations and market trends. The latest developments leading to enhanced performance and efficiency, increased durability and reduced emissions in line with meeting Net-Zero and global emissions targets. Topics include: Air management in powertrains: conventional, hybrids, fuel cells and novel configurations Alternate fuels and their needs in boosting (e.g. hydrogen, synthetic fuels) Electrification of turbochargers, compressors, and exhaust turbines Simulation and testing techniques, data analytics, including AI and digital twins Thermal management, waste heat recovery and expanders Turbomachinery aerodynamic: novel compressors & turbines and multi-stage systems. Component fatigue life, bearing design, rotor-dynamics and durability prediction Mechatronics, control, sensors and power electronics High speed turbomachinery in propulsion and power systems Future Legislation needs for thermal propulsion systems
    Keywords: Mechanical Engineering;Turbochargers;Turbocharging ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGB Mechanical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THF Fossil fuel technologies ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Taylor & Francis | Proteostasis and Proteolysis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Proteins are the key decision-making workforce for practically all cellular signals. The precise equilibrium between protein translation, folding, function and timely degradation, also known as "proteostasis", determine cellular health as well as organismal maintenance and survival. Loss of cellular proteostasis is linked with physiological processes of deterioration such as aging, with conditions characterized by supraphysiological oxidative stress as well as with illness, including age-related diseases, neurodegeneration, inflammation, dystrophies and cancer. This book includes 18 chapters logically organized to allow comprehensive understanding of how maintenance of proteostasis protects cellular and organismal health, and how environmental and metabolic pressure can impair proteostasis and lead to disequilibrium and disease. Each chapter contains up-to-date information on its respective topic while some of them review the interplay of certain proteostatic mechanisms, a newly arising topic. Importantly, most chapters include tangible examples of how failure of proteostasis can underlie aging and disease. We hope that the compilation of the above topics will assist both novice and experienced researchers and students to become more familiar with the subject of proteostasis. In the long run, we hope that this book will inspire its readers and eventually promote new ideas and new research studies.
    Keywords: ad, age, alejandro, alihamze, anna, arantxa, aspects, assembly, Athanasopouloi, autophagy, between, cell, central, chaerone, chapter, Chondrogianni, complex, concluding, conculsions, contents, control, crosstalk, current, deciphering, definition, degradation, Diana, diseases, during, Efstathios, elF5A, Elah, Elisabeth, Factors, Farras, fathinajafabadi, Ferrando, Ferriz, folding, functions, future, gioran, gonos, heat, heidi, integrity, interplay, introsuction, irreversible, judith, kapetanou, kinetic, leading, localized, Marianna, Martinez, mechanisms, MicroRNAs, misfolding, molecular, motifs, network, Kiki, Olzscha, organellar, other, oxidative, panfilova,pathway, pauses, perspectives, pick, polu, pro, process, Proteasome, protein, proteinopathies, proteolysis, proteome, proteostasis, proteostatic, quality, references, regulation, regulators, related, remarks, rescues, response, reversible, ribosomal, riemer, rosa, RQC, S, shock,significance, sophia, stalling, stress, system, systemic, systems, table, targeting, term, thermodynamic, transcriptional , translation, translational, treatments, ubiquitin, unfolded ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Taylor & Francis | Oceanography and Marine Biology | Oceanography and Marine Biology | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Global declines in biodiversity have become increasingly severe. Traditional monitoring approaches for assessing marine species distributions and abundances are time consuming, costly, and manpower intensive. Fortunately, rapid progress of sequencing technologies from first-generation to high-throughput sequencing have resulted in improvements in experimental techniques. These advances have accelerated rates of species discovery and identification, enabling community-level biomonitoring – the ‘Biomonitoring 2.0’ framework. Simultaneous multispecies identifications in mixed-sample pools are now mainstream with DNA metabarcoding, upscaling monitoring from the individual specimen to the ecosystem scale. In this review, we examine the progress of DNA metabarcoding over the last decade in the characterisation of marine macrobiota to microbial communities. By melding molecular techniques and more traditional taxonomic tools, this integrative Biomonitoring 2.0 approach is tailored to improve the overall effectiveness of biomonitoring. As such, we here assess its accuracy, expertise requirement, general applicability, time, cost-effectiveness, and throughput for biomonitoring. We highlight various methodological challenges that must be considered during implementation, including completeness of reference databases, representativeness of sequencing read counts for quantitative estimates, and supplementation with environmental RNA for discerning live signals from legacy DNA. Finally, we conclude with an outlook of the enhanced Biomonitoring 2.0 framework for mass adoption by ecologists and managers, as well as the prospects of emerging rapid detection technologies for ecosystem surveillance.
    Keywords: Barcoding ; Bioinformatics ; Environmental DNA Metabarcoding ; Environmental RNA ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book provides the thoughtful writings of a selection of authors illustrating a central concept: Sustainable Development in Creative Industries, which utilizes a monetary equilibrium addressing issues, particularly those associated with the use of an integrated area in cyberspace and physical space, and their effect on the creative industries. 15 universities from Asia and Europe have participated in the 9th Bandung Creative Movement, where this topic was explored. Sustainability issues are now at the forefront of progress. The book covers four main areas. The first section, entitled "Art, Culture, and Society," delves into the various sectors that contribute to building a more sustainable environment, including the arts and culture. Whereas, "Design and Architecture" is referring to cutting-edge practices in the fields of manufacturing, transportation, interior design, and building construction. The third section "Technology and New Media" delves into the transformation of technology into a new medium for the development of the creative industries. The final section, "management and Business," discusses an innovative perspective on the state of the market and management in the sector. Anyone interested in the intersection of creative industries, sustainability, and digital cultures would benefit intellectually from reading this book. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license. Funded by Telkom University, Indonesia.
    Keywords: arts ; culture ; environmental design ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
    Language: English
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: By delivering the mindful writings from our selected authors, this book portrays one big idea: a new Human-Centered society that balances economics to resolve problems, especially in the use of an integrated area in cyberspace, physical space, and how it impacts the creative industries. Through The 8th Bandung Creative Movement, scholars from 15 Universities around the Asian and European countries have discussed this issue where Human-Centered society became the main consideration in the development. Three topics are presented to the readers. Firstly, "Sustainable Cities and Communities" explores the sub-fields that construct a more sustainable environment for society post-pandemic era, such as technologies, transportation, interior design, architecture, urban planning, etc. While "Art and Design: Recontextualization of Nusantara Tradition and Indigenous Culture" concerned the novel perspectives on recognizing cultural aspects that shape the face of creative industry, from cultural identity, visual and performing arts, pop culture to language and media. The last topic, "Changes and Dynamics in The Creative Industries," reviews the creative approach toward the industry's current trends, including marketplace, destination branding, or digital culture ecosystem. This book will enrich the mind of everybody who is an enthusiast of innovative research on creative industries, human-centered technologies, environmental design, and excellent society 5.0 post-pandemic era.
    Keywords: creative industry ; Indigenous Culture ; sustainable cities ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Smart Geotechnics for Smart Societies contains the contributions presented at the 17th Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (17th ARC, Astana, Kazakhstan, 14-18 August, 2023). The topics covered include: Geomaterials for soil improvement Tunneling and rock engineering Slope, embankments and dams Shallow and deep foundations Soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering Geoenvironmental engineering and frost geotechnics Investigation of foundations of historical structures and monitoring Offshore, harbor geotechnics and GeoEnergy Megaprojects and transportation geotechnics Smart Geotechnics for Smart Societies will be of interest to academics and engineers interested or involved in geotechnical engineering.
    Keywords: Deep Foundations ; Earthquake Engineering ; Geotechnical Engineering ; Rock Engineering ; Soil Dynamics ; Tunnelling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Taylor & Francis | Vitamin C | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The brain requires vitamin C to metabolize fuel substrates and synthesize neurotransmitters, regulate their release, and modify their actions. Vitamin C also protects the brain from oxidative damage. Clinical studies do not provide strong evidence that vitamin C deficiency directly impairs brain function but rather suggest that the fatigue, mood disturbance, and cognitive dysfunction sometimes associated with vitamin C deficiency are due to peripheral tissue damage, with possibly an exaggerated emotional response to it. Severe brain injury drastically depletes the cerebrospinal fluid of vitamin C; clinical trials of high-dose intravenous vitamin C are strongly warranted for this condition. The very limited clinical trial evidence available does not demonstrate that vitamin C supplementation slows the progression of dementia or improves clinical outcomes after an acute ischemic stroke. Hypovitaminosis C is common in people with severe mental illness; it should be treated. A few clinical trials have been carried out of low-pharmacologic doses of vitamin C (alone or with other nutrients) as adjunctive therapy in patients with chronic stable schizophrenia or depression, with inconsistent results. There is plausible but inclusive evidence that continuous supplementation with a combination of several micronutrients, including vitamin C, may have cognitive benefits in some people even if they lack diagnosed vitamin deficiencies.
    Keywords: Antioxidants, Ascorbic Acid, Infectious Disease, Intravenous Ascorbate, Vitamin C, acute sepsis, cancer treatment, infectious disease treatment, stem cell transplantation ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The Central and South Atlantic represents a vast ocean area and is home to a diverse range of ecosystems and species. Nevertheless, and similar to the rest of the global south, the area is comparatively understudied yet exposed to increasing levels of multisectoral pressures. To counteract this, the level of scientific exploration in the Central and South Atlantic has increased in recent years and will likely continue to do so within the context of the United Nations (UN) Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Here, we compile the literature to investigate the distribution of previous scientific exploration of offshore (30 m+) ecosystems in the Central and South Atlantic, both within and beyond national jurisdiction, allowing us to synthesise overall patterns of biodiversity. Furthermore, through the lens of sustainable management, we have reviewed the existing anthropogenic activities and associated management measures relevant to the region. Through this exercise, we have identified key knowledge gaps and undersampled regions that represent priority areas for future research and commented on how these may be best incorporated into, or enhanced through, future management measures such as those in discussion at the UN Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction negotiations. This review represents a comprehensive summary for scientists and managers alike looking to understand the key topographical, biological, and legislative features of the Central and South Atlantic.
    Keywords: Atlantic deep sea ; Benthic ecology ; Marine spatial planning ; Biodiversity patterns ; Gap analysis ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: agroecological systems/health, companion-planting, natural approaches + soil remediation, plant bio-active compounds, plant-based preparations, sustainable cultivation, traditional and plant derived medicines/remedies/veterinary medicine/animal homeopathy
    Keywords: agroecological systems/health, companion-planting, natural approaches + soil remediation, plant bio-active compounds, plant-based preparations, sustainable cultivation, traditional and plant derived medicines/remedies/veterinary medicine/animal homeopathy ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MX Complementary and alternative medicine and therapies ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVR Forestry and silviculture
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book examines how the growing knowledge of the huge range of protist-, animal-, and plant-bacterial interactions, whether in shared ecosystems or intimate symbioses, is fundamentally altering our understanding of biology. The establishment and maintenance of these interactions and their contributions to the health and survival of all partners relies on continuous cell-to-cell communication between them. This dialogue may be concerned with all aspects of the biology of both partners. The book includes chapters devoted to exploring, explaining, and exposing these dialogues across a broad spectrum of plant and animal eukaryotes to a broad field of biologists. Key Features Explores the nature of the interactions between eukaryotic hosts and their microbial symbionts Examines the links between prostist, animal, and plant evolution and microbial communities Reviews specific taxa and the microbial diversity associated with these taxa Illustrates the role microbes play in the physiology and etiology of several model species Includes chapters by an international team of leading scholars
    Keywords: community ecology;microbial communities;microbiome;symbiosis ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSF Cellular biology (cytology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: The Animal Production International Seminar (APIS) is the first international conference held by the Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya. APIS was held for the first time in 2010 and was repeated every three years. In 2022, the 5th APIS was organized as an online meeting. The Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, is optimistic that the results of the 5th APIS will just be as successful as the 4th APIS in 2019. The theme of 5th APIS was ""Developing Modern Livestock Production in Tropical Countries"". The 5th APIS discussed matters related to strategies for developing modern livestock production in several tropical countries. The participants of 5th APIS, including keynote speakers and invited speakers, are from various countries (tropical and sub-tropical). These proceedings present the selected papers from the 5th APIS conference.
    Keywords: animal breeding;livestock engineering;quantitative genetics ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MZ Veterinary medicine ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The nutritional biochemist Alfred E. Harper was a member of the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council/National Academy of Sciences for many years, and chair of the Food and Nutrition Board from 1978 to 1982. The scientific bases for many Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) were prevention of deficiency with a margin of safety, often determined from depletion-repletion studies or balance experiments. As nutritional science has grown, and policy needs have changed, limitations of RDAs were recognized. Fundamental biochemical kinetics concepts can be the foundation for nutrient recommendations. Bioavailability experiments showed plasma and tissue concentrations were tightly controlled with oral administration of ascorbic acid. Reabsorption would be predicted in proximal renal tubules, concurrent with sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter1 localization. Accelerated ascorbic acid utilization in disease states may be a new frontier that can lead to discoveries for roles of ascorbic acid in disease treatment.
    Keywords: acute sepsis; antioxidants; ascorbic acid; cancer treatment; infectious disease; infectious disease treatment; intravenous ascorbate; stem cell transplantation; vitamin c ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The Congress ""Arsenic in the Environment"" offers an international, multi- and interdisciplinary discussion platform for research and innovation aimed towards a holistic solution to the problem posed by the environmental toxin arsenic, with significant societal impact. The Congress has focused on cutting edge and breakthrough research in physical, chemical, toxicological, medical, agricultural and other specific issues on arsenic across a broader environmental realm. The Biennial Congress ""Arsenic in the Environment"" was first organized in Mexico City (As2006) followed by As2008 in Valencia (Spain), As2010 in Tainan (Chinese Taiwan), As2012 in Cairns (Australia), As2014 in Buenos Aires (Argentina) and As2016 in Stockholm (Sweden). The 7th International Congress As2018 was held July 1-6, 2018, in Beijing, P. R. China and was entitled Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World. The Congress addressed the broader context of arsenic research aligned on the following themes: Theme 1: Arsenic Behaviour in Changing Environmental Media Theme 2: Arsenic in a Changing Agricultural Ecosystem Theme 3: Health Impacts of Environmental Arsenic Theme 4: Technologies for Arsenic Immobilization and Clean Water Blueprints Theme 5: Sustainable Mitigation and Management Arsenic in drinking water (mainly groundwater) has emerged as an issue of global health concern. During last decade, the presence of arsenic in rice, possibly also other food of plant origins, has attained increasing attention. This is particularly true in the Asian countries, where the use of high arsenic groundwater as source of irrigation water and drinking water has been flagged as severe health concern. This has been accentuated by elevating arsenic concentrations in deep groundwater recharged from shallow high arsenic groundwater, which may have further detrimental effects on public health. Notably, China has been in the forefront of research on arsenic biogeochemical cycling, health effects of arsenic, technologies for arsenic removal, and sustainable mitigation measures. The Congress has attracted professionals involved in different segments of interdisciplinary research on arsenic in an open forum, and strengthened relations between academia, research institutions, government and non-governmental agencies, industries, and civil society organizations to share an optimal ambience for exchange of knowledge.
    Keywords: arsenic behaviour in changing environmental media;arsenic in a changing acricultural ecosystem;arsenic research;clean water blueprints;environmental toxin arsenic;health impacts;health impacts of environmental arsenic;sustainable mitigation;sustainable mitigation and management;technologies for arsenic immobilization and clean water blueprints ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGP Production and industrial engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In arid and semiarid landscapes, water is the primary limiting resource for human activity and ecosystem functioning. More than 40% of the world’s population lives in dryland environments (White and Nackoney, 2003). In these landscapes annual rainfall can vary greatly and be highly unpredictable both in space and time. Longer intervals between precipitation events are also highly erratic and global atmosphere-ocean teleconnections—such as unusually cool Pacific Sea surface temperatures during the La Niña phase of the El Niño -Southern Oscillation can trigger multi-decadal “megadroughts” (McCabe et al., 2004; Cook et al., 2016; Routson et al., 2016; Steiger et al., 2019). Soil moisture and local ecohydrology constrain the extent and intensity of food production possible through agriculture. Complex combinations of social and physical infrastructure have sustained population growth and managed hydroclimate risks in the past. Indigenous soil and water conservation has been tested over millennia to support agriculture (Johnson et al. 2021).
    Keywords: canals, linear rock alignments, trincheras, check dams, stock ponds, earthworks, rock detention structures, natural infrastructure, dryland farming ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Smart and Resilient Infrastructure For Emerging Economies: Perspectives on Building Better is about pressing and multidimensional challenges faced in constructing resilient, sustainable, and smart infrastructure in developing countries. The 32 case studies, literature reviews, comparative analyses and systematic reviews, cover a wide range of topics, including: sustainable and resilient infrastructure development smart cities digital innovation in construction infrastructure investment construction ergonomics socio-environmental sustainability gender equity, and climate change responses The contributions present innovative solutions, impactful insights, and substantive contributions to the discourse on sustainable infrastructure development, and illuminate the interplay between infrastructure development, social justice, environmental sustainability, and technological advancement. Smart and Resilient Infrastructure For Emerging Economies: Perspectives on Building Better is essential reading for academics, researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and students involved in the built environment, infrastructure delivery, investment in infrastructure, civil engineering, architecture, urban planning, environmental science, and other related disciplines.
    Keywords: climate change responses;construction ergonomics;digital innovation in construction;infrastructure investment;smart cities;socio-environmental sustainability;sustainable and resilient infrastructure development ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    Taylor & Francis | Numerical Simulation of Effluent Discharges | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Chapter 3 is an introduction to OpenFOAM, as the most popular CFD tool in effluent discharge modelling. A decade ago, OpenFOAM was only an academic tool for studying complex fluid mechanics problems. However, it has grown quickly in recent years and has found its way into industry as well (e.g., many consulting firms have invested in creating their own solvers for the particular problems they often solve). This book covers the fundamentals of OpenFOAM related to effluent discharge modeling: the choice of available solvers and differences between them, mesh generation options and methodology in OpenFOAM and postprocessing the numerical results.
    Keywords: Discharge Modeling; Numerical Analysis; Desalination; Outfall; Inclined Jets; OpenFOAM; Effluent Dilution Modeling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGB Mechanical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology::TQS Sanitary and municipal engineering::TQSW Water supply and treatment ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The construction practices we employ in our daily life in European societies today were shaped by major changes in the past, such as the introduction and dissemination of Portland cement and reinforced concrete, a development that constitutes a fundamental chapter in the history of construction in the 19th and 20th centuries. Such changes were boosted by several innovations in the fields of applied mathematics, chemistry and physics. They involved patents licensing, optimization of materials production and machinery. There were new legislative frameworks, a specific knowledge transfer within a network of actors and the transformation of hierarchical frameworks. Written by international specialists, this two-part book is centred on case studies from the UK, Germany, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Portugal, Spain and Italy. The first part explores the mutual international influence between these countries and their intrinsic characteristics in this field, resulting from each nation’s particular economic, social, political, cultural and technological conditions. The second part focuses on the history of public works companies. Capable of carrying out both private works and major infrastructures, these players exemplify the technological and business advances that the construction sector has experienced over the last two centuries. This book is a must-read for researchers on contemporary construction history in Europe. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Create Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 (CC-BY-NC-ND) license.
    Keywords: building materials;construction history;masonry and carpentry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) pests have a profound impact on horticultural production and economy of many countries. It is fundamental to understand their biology and evaluate methods for their suppression, containment, or eradication. Area-Wide Management of Fruit Fly Pests comprises contributions from scientists from around the world on several species of tephritids working on diverse subjects with a focus on area-wide management of these pests. The first three sections of the book explore aspects of the biology, ecology, physiology, behavior, taxonomy, and morphology of fruit flies. The next two sections provide evidence on the efficacy of attractants, risk assessment, quarantine, and post-harvest control methods. The fifth and sixth sections examine biological control methods such as the Sterile Insect Technique and the use of natural enemies of fruit flies. The seventh section focuses on area-wide integrated pest management and action programs. Finally, the eighth section examines social, economic, and policy issues of action programs aimed at involving the wider community in the control of these pests and facilitate the development of control programs. Features: Presents information on the biology of tephritid flies. Provides knowledge on the use of natural enemies of fruit flies for their biological control. Includes research results on models and diets used for the Sterile Insect Technique. Reports developments on the chemical ecology of fruit flies that contribute to make control methods more specific and efficient. Reviews subjects such as Holistic Pest Management and Area-Wide Management Programs including social, economic, and policy issues in various countries. The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429355738, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
    Keywords: agricultural pest control/IPM ; biological control, control strategies ; host-plant interactions ; sterile insect techniques ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVA Zoology: invertebrates::PSVA2 Insects (entomology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVP Pest control / plant diseases
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | Medicinal Agroecology | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This current chapter reports an initially singular case of a PD patient in Germany who could not be treated with conventional PD medication and whose quality of life had deteriorated dramatically after diagnosis, including long episodes of psychoses. Following therapy with an Ayurvedic (botanical) preparation from the beans of Mucuna pruriens (MP) – the patient´s fate was improved substantially at the time. This compelling, and – rather by fortune – well-documented case was pivotal to spreading the experience with MP within the European network of PD patients, mostly by word of mouth. The PD patient community and neurologists were supported by available online information around the medicinal plant, MP, and the bean´s active components, as well as an initial clinical study followed by a second one in 2004. Based on this first evidence, some neurologists were willing to support their patients with MP-based complementary therapy. As far as the authors are aware, from approximately 1997 until to date such cases were treated predominantly in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and The Netherlands. Clinical experience is mainly based on the feedback from patients and volunteers pushing to understand the added value of MP and prompting the availability of a safe and effective natural medicinal product that can be prescribed to PD patients. Their findings constitute the basis of this chapter.
    Keywords: agroecological systems/health, companion-planting, natural approaches + soil remediation, plant bio-active compounds, plant-based preparations, sustainable cultivation, traditional and plant derived medicines/remedies/veterinary medicine/animal homeopathy ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MX Complementary and alternative medicine and therapies ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVR Forestry and silviculture
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: While binaural technology applications gained in popularity in recent years, the majority of applications still use non-individual Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) from artificial heads. However, certain applications, for example research of spatial hearing or hearing attention, require an physically exact and realistic binaural signal. The limiting factor that prohibits the widespread use of individual HRTFs is the acquisition time of such data. This time requirement has recently been reduced by the use of parallelization in the measurement signal which lead to the development of fast measurement systems capable of acquiring individual and spatially dense HRTF. This thesis provides a objective and subjective evaluation of such a system that is designed with the goal of little disturbance of the measurements in mind. The construction is detailed, followed by both an objective and subjective evaluation. A detailed investigation into additional distortion of the sound field introduced by the system itself is presented and it is shown that the system performs comparably to a conventional system in terms of sound source localization. Furthermore, a method is introduced and evaluated to further reduce the measurement time by using continuous rotation during the measurement. This method is used to reduced the measurement duration from eight minutes to three minutes without audible differences.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Electronics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
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  • 32
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Anemonefishes, one of the most popular and recognizable of fishes in the world, are much more than film characters; they are also emerging model organisms for studying the biology, ecology, and evolution of coral reef fishes. They are a group of 28 species often employed to study patterns and processes of social organization, intra- and inter-specific competition, sex change, mutualism, dispersal and connectivity of fish populations, habitat selection, pigment pattern formation, lifespan and predator-prey interactions. This multi-authored book covers all these areas and provides an update on the research done with this model and the perspective it opens for the future. Key Features Contains basic and up-to-date information on an emerging fish model Allows non-specialist readers to grasp the relevance of a wide research area Provides accurate and easy to access information on each of the 28 species Includes guidance for establishing a breeding colony Documents that anemonefishes are useful model organisms for ecological, developmental and climate research The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
    Keywords: Anemonefishes;Coral Reefs;Model Organism;Mutualism;Sex Change ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVC Zoology: fishes (ichthyology) ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest::WNCS Wildlife: aquatic creatures: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical) ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology::PSPM Marine biology
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die Teilchenphysik als Teilgebiet der modernen Physik gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung im schulischen Physikunterricht. In dieser Arbeit wird erstmalig das von Lehrkräften benötigte Fachwissen zur Teilchenphysik modelliert, wobei Fachwissen als ein Teil des Professionswissens verstanden wird. Als Fachwissensdimensionen werden die Inhaltsbereiche und die Wissensarten in den Fokus genommen, für welche jeweils Subfacetten identifiziert und präzise beschrieben werden. Nach einem überblick über die wesentlichen Ideen der Teilchenphysik wird in der Arbeit die sukzessive Modellierung des Fachwissens im Rahmen einer qualitativ und quantitativ angelegten Delphi-Studie vorgestellt. In drei Befragungsrunden wurden zwischen 35 und 65 internationale Expertinnen und Experten aus der teilchenphysikbezogenen Forschung (Fachwissenschaft und Fachdidaktik) und öffentlichkeitsarbeit (u.a. Wissenschaftsjournalismus) sowie erfahrene Lehrkräfte zu den für das Fachwissen relevanten Themen der Teilchenphysik befragt. Empirische Analysen der Befragungsrunden ergaben, dass sich die Dimension Inhaltsbereiche im deklarativen Wissen aus zehn teilchenphysikalischen Themen (z.B. Teilchen in der Hochenergiephysik, die vier fundamentalen Wechselwirkungen) zusammensetzt, von welchen sechs als besonders relevant eingeschätzt wurden. Im Anschluss an die letzte Befragungsrunde wurde theoriegeleitet eine erste Modellierung der Inhaltsbereiche für die Wissensarten des prozeduralen und konditionalen Wissens vorgenommen.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Die in den vergangenen Jahren zahlreich entstandenen außerschulischen Lernorte an der deutschen Wattenmeerküste sind Ausdruck einer Differenzierung der dortigen Bildungslandschaft, in der schulisches durch non-formales Lernen im regionalen Kontext ergänzt wird. Die außerschulischen Lernorte zeichnet aus, dass sie ihren Besucherinnen und Besuchern Primärerfahrungen bieten, um die außergewöhnliche Dynamik und Sensitivität des Wattenmeeres zu verdeutlichen. Allerdings schöpfen die Lernorte ihr Potenzial für das außerschulische Physiklernen nicht aus, denn obwohl insbesondere Strömungen und Strukturbildungen (z. B. Rippel, Dünen und Priele) das Erscheinungsbild des Wattenmeers prägen und dessen Dynamik repräsentieren, werden in den Bildungsangeboten bisher fast ausschließlich biologische Inhalte behandelt. Deshalb ist physikdidaktische Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeit nötig, die durch eine Didaktische Rekonstruktion von Strömungen und Strukturbildungen geleistet wird. Hierzu gehört zunächst eine fachliche Klärung. Im Anschluss werden Lernendenvorstellungen untersucht, indem problemzentrierte Interviews entlang von Realexperimenten durchgeführt und einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse unterworfen werden. Auf Basis des Vergleichs zwischen fachlicher Sicht und Lernendensicht gilt es sodann, Bausteine für didaktische Strukturierungen zu entwickeln. Diese Bausteine werden schließlich eingesetzt, um gemeinsam mit den Lernortbetreibenden Bildungsangebote zu entwickeln, die auch physikalische Zusammenhänge zur Küstendynamik explizieren.
    Keywords: Science ; Earth Sciences ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This is the first book on captive animal behaviour, applied to welfare. It enables all aspects of zoo husbandry and management (nutrition, enclosure design, handling & training, enrichment, population management) to be based on a sound knowledge of the species, its evolutionary and natural history.
    Keywords: zoo biology, Husbandry evidence, Animal welfare, Zoo animal management, Enclosure design, Natural history, Refinement, Zoo research, animal enrichment ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MZ Veterinary medicine::MZD Veterinary medicine: large animals ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNG Domestic animals and pets::WNGF Fishes as pets and aquaria ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNG Domestic animals and pets::WNGS Reptiles and amphibians as pets ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology::RNCB Biodiversity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVC Zoology: fishes (ichthyology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVA Zoology: invertebrates ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVM Zoology: mammals (mammalogy) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVJ Zoology: birds (ornithology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVP Ethology and animal behaviour ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming
    Language: English
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  • 36
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Problemlösen ist eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für das Handeln in allen Bereichen des Lebens: In einfachen Alltagssituationen, bei (natur-) wissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen oder bei komplexeren gesellschaftlich relevanten Problemen spielt die Lösung von Problemen eine Rolle. Im Bereich der Physik werden insbesondere innerhalb des schulischen und universitären Kontextes Probleme bearbeitet. Die täglichen Erfahrungen des Lehrbetriebs an Hochschulen machen jedoch deutlich, dass Teile der Studierenden große Schwierigkeiten haben, Probleme erfolgreich zu lösen. Die Diskrepanz zwischen der Wichtigkeit des Problemlösens und den Schwierigkeiten, die Studierenden dabei haben, ist der Ausgangspunkt für die zentrale Fragestellung der vorliegenden Arbeit: Was unterscheidet "gute" von "schlechten" Problemlösern und welche Faktoren beeinflussen den Erfolg beim Problemlösen? Die Arbeit fokussiert hierbei auf Probleme aus dem Themenfeld der Mechanik. Mit Hilfe einer empirischen Untersuchung wird dazu beigetragen, bereits bekannte Erkenntnisse aus der traditionsreichen Forschung zum Problemlösen zu bestätigen, zu quantifizieren und zueinander in Beziehung zu setzen. Es werden sowohl quantitative als auch qualitative Eigenschaften "guter" und "schlechter" Problemlöser herausgearbeitet - gute Problemlöser können beispielsweise auf mehr Fachwissen zurückgreifen, besitzen ein höheres Selbstkonzept und machen weniger Planungsfehler beim Bearbeiten physikalischer Problemstellungen.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 37
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Our world today is becoming increasingly complex, and technical devices are getting ever smaller and more powerful. The high density of electronic components together with high clock frequencies leads to unwanted side-effects like crosstalk, delayed signals and substrate noise, which are no longer negligible in chip design and can only insufficiently be represented by simple lumped circuit models. As a result, different physical phenomena have to be taken into consideration since they have an increasing influence on the signal propagation in integrated circuits. Computer-based simulation methods play thereby a key role. The modelling and analysis of complex multi-physics problems typically leads to coupled systems of partial differential equations and differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). Dynamic iteration and model order reduction are two numerical tools for efficient and fast simulation of coupled systems. Formodelling of low frequency electromagnetic field, we use magneto-quasistatic (MQS) systems which can be considered as an approximation to Maxwells equations. A spatial discretization by using the finite element method leads to a DAE system. We analyze the structural and physical properties of this system and develop passivity-preserving model reduction methods. A special block structure of the MQS model is exploited to to improve the performance of the model reduction algorithms.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Electronics ; Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 38
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Experimentieren kann nicht nur dazu beitragen, fachinhaltliche Erkenntnisse zu gewinnen, sondern auch selbst Lerngegenstand sein. Wenig geklärt ist bisher, wie beim Experimentieren gelernt wird, worauf zu achten ist. Unklar ist auch, welche fachmethodischen Vorstellungen Lernende beim Planen, Durchführen und Auswerten aktivieren. Diesen Fragen wurde mithilfe einer schriftlichen Instruktion nachgegangen, die Lernende (Jg. 11) anregt, nicht nur Experimente durchzuführen, sondern auch über fachmethodische Grundlagen nachzudenken. Die Arbeitsphasen wurden für 42 Schülergruppen videografiert und kategorienbasiert ausgewertet, um Aussagen über Aktivitätsprofile, Vorstellungen und Kompetenzveränderungen zu generieren. Die Ergebnisse belegen die Komplexität von Lernprozessen und zeigen die Schwierigkeit, individuelle Kompetenzzuwächse auf bestimmte Prozesse zurückzuführen. Zum Beispiel konnten hohe Kompetenzzuwächse sowohl für Lernende mit häufigen fachmethodischen Beiträgen als auch für solche mit nur geringen fachmethodischen Aktivitäten festgestellt werden. Des Weiteren gehen experimentell angemessene Aktivitäten in erkennbaren Anteilen mit fachmethodisch unpassenden Vorstellungen einher, wie z.,B. bei einer korrekt vorgenommenen, aber falsch begründeten Trennung zwischen einer Beobachtung und einer Deutung. Die Arbeit liefert damit Hinweise, dass Lernende neben fachinhaltlichen auch fachmethodische Vorstellungen in den Unterricht mitbringen. Diese gilt es z.,B. durch explizite und wiederholte Thematisierung zu adressieren.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 39
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In Zeiten, in denen die Komplexität gesellschaftlicher, politischer, wirtschaftlicher und technologischer Probleme zunehmend steigt, ist der Erwerb einer naturwissenschaftlichen Grundbildung für die persönliche Meinungsbildung von zentraler Bedeutung. Hierzu gehört das Erlernen von naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnismethoden wie dem Experimentieren. Erkenntnisse zu experimentierspezifischen Kompetenzen zeigen, dass Lernende über unterschiedliche Vorstellungen bezüglich des Experimentierens verfügen. Diese zeigen sich in unterschiedlichen Vorgehensweisen, die mehr oder weniger stark von der Vorgehensweise in realer wissenschaftlicher Forschung abweichen. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist eine differenzierte Erfassung und Analyse individueller Prozessstrukturen sowie prozessbezogener Niveaustufen von Experimentierprozessen Lehramtsstudierender der Biologie. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die meisten Experimentierprozesse nicht, wie in idealisierten Modellen angenommen, einem linearen Prozessverlauf verlaufen, sondern wiederholte Wechsel zwischen den Experimentierphasen aufweisen. Insbesondere die Durchführung nimmt hier eine zentrale Stellung ein. Die Vernetzung der Experimentierphasen ist unterschiedlich ausgeprägt und steht in einem positiven Zusammenhang mit der Qualität eines Experimentierprozesses. Die prozessbezogenen Niveaustufen weisen Ausprägungen über alle Niveaus hinweg auf. Aus den Ergebnissen werden Hinweise zur Gestaltung von Unterricht und universitärer Lehre sowie Implikationen für die fachdidaktische Forschung abgeleitet.
    Keywords: Science ; Science ; Life Sciences ; Biology ; Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: German
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In einem Solarturmkraftwerk werden hunderte bis tausende Spiegel (sogenannte Heliostate) einzeln der Sonne nachgeführt, sodass das Sonnenlicht auf die Spitze eines Turmes konzentriert wird. Dort befindet sich der Receiver, der die Solarstrahlung absorbiert und an das Wärmeträgermedium weitergibt. Große thermische Energiespeicher erlauben die ganztägige Stromproduktion (auch Nachts). In aktuellen Solarturmkraftwerken kommen als Wärmeträger- und Speichermedium häufig flüssige Nitratsalze wie Solar Salt zum Einsatz. Aufgrund ihrer hohen Wärmekapazität und den geringen Kosten eignen sie sich sehr gut zur thermischen Energiespeicherung, jedoch bringen sie auch einige Nachteile mit sich. Flüssigmetalle weisen in vielen Punkten Vorteile gegenüber den Flüssigsalzen auf. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Eigenschaften von Flüssigmetallen detailliert analysiert und mit Solar Salt verglichen. Zur Bewertung werden die Jahreserträge bzw. die Stromgestehungskosten (LCOE) herangezogen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ein Potenzial zur Reduktion der Stromgestehungskosten mit Flüssigmetallen um bis zu 16 % gegenüber dem Referenzsystem mit Solar Salt, ohne dabei den Kraftwerksblock und den thermischen Speicher zu verändern.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Construction ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 41
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In 2005, the hybrid model was published by Prof. H.-D. Alber and Prof. P. Zhu as an alternative to the Allen-Cahn model for the description of phase field transformations. With low interfacial energy, it is more efficient, since the resolution of the diffuse interface is numerically broader for the same solution accuracy and allows coarser meshing. The solutions of both models are associated with energy minimisation and in this work the error terms introduced in the earlier publications are discussed and documented using one and two dimensional numerical simulations. In the last part of this book, phase field problems, initially not coupled with material equations, are combined with linear elasticity and, after simple introductory examples, a growing martensitic inclusion is simulated and compared with literature data. In addition to the confirmed numerical advantage, another phenomenon not previously described in the literature is found: with the hybrid model, in contrast to the examples calculated with the Allen-Cahn model, an inclusion driven mainly by curvature energy does not disappear completely. The opposite problem prevents inclusions from growing from very small initial configurations, but this fact can be remedied by a very finely chosen diffuse interface width and by analysing and adjusting the terms that generate the modelling errors. The last example shows that the hybrid model can be used with numerical advantages despite the above mentioned peculiarities.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Ein zentrales Ziel der fachdidaktischen Forschung stellt die Verbesserung schulischen Unterrichts dar. Eine Transferstrategie zur flächendeckenden Verbreitung wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse bildet die Bereitstellung evidenzbasierter, innovativer materialgestützter Unterrichtskonzeptionen. Allerdings fällt das Materialnutzungsverhalten von Lehrkräften individuell sehr unterschiedlich aus, wobei das Zusammenspiel verschiedener Einflussfaktoren auf die Materialnutzung bislang wenig erforscht ist. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es daher, dieses Wirkgefüge unter authentischen Bedingungen genauer zu untersuchen. Dazu wurde kriteriengeleitet eine evidenzbasierte, fachdidaktisch innovative Unterrichtskonzeption ausgewählt (das Münchener Unterrichtskonzept zur Quantenmechanik) und den teilnehmenden Lehrkräften fakultativ zur Verfügung gestellt. Mittels eines qualitativen Forschungsansatzes wurden elf Lehrkräfte bei der Implementierung des Konzepts durch ein Interview zu Beginn und am Ende einer Unterrichtsreihe zur Quantenmechanik sowie zwei Unterrichtsbeobachtungen mit je einem anschließenden stimulated recall begleitet. Aus den Ergebnissen folgt, dass die Probanden sich überwiegend heuristisch mit der Konzeption auseinandersetzten und lediglich Elemente auf Sichtstrukturebene implementierten. Das nachgewiesene Wirksamkeitspotential von evidenzbasierten, innovativen Unterrichtskonzeptionen scheint sich folglich lediglich unter bestimmten Bedingungsfaktoren zu entfalten.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Die vorliegende Dissertation beschreibt den Entwicklungs- und Validierungsprozess eines neuen Testinstruments zur Erfassung von Lehrer-Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen in vier physikdidaktischen Handlungsfeldern (Umgang mit Aufgaben, Experimentieren, Elementarisieren, Umgang mit Schülervorstellungen), jeweils bezüglich der Dimensionen Planung und Durchführung von Physikunterricht. Die Instrumententwicklung erfolgt in hohem Maße theoriebasiert, indem unter anderem auf der Grundlage der sozial-kognitiven Theorie Banduras Regeln für die Itemkonstruktion abgeleitet werden, die außerdem eine kritische Analyse existierender Instrumente erlauben. Der mehrschrittige Validierungsprozess ist argumentbasiert angelegt. Im Rahmen einer Interviewstudie und einer Expertenbefragung werden vor allem inhaltliche Aspekte, wie z.B. die definitionskonforme Formulierung der Items, die Abdeckung des Handlungsfeldes oder die wahrgenommene Authentizität der Items, untersucht. Im Zuge der auf eine quantitative Auswertung angelegten Hauptstudie (N approx 1000) werden vor allem psychometrische Aspekte, wie die Eindimensionalität der Skalen oder die Passung des Antwortformates, in den Blick genommen. Zusammenfassend kann ein übergeordnetes Validitätsargument in Bezug auf die intendierte Testwertinterpretation formuliert werden. Weiterer Forschungsbedarf deutet sich unter anderem bezüglich der Unterscheidung der zwei genannten Dimensionen an.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; Psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology
    Language: German
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  • 44
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Volume 2 of History of Construction Cultures contains papers presented at the 7ICCH – Seventh International Congress on Construction History, held at the Lisbon School of Architecture, Portugal, from 12 to 16 July, 2021. The conference has been organized by the Lisbon School of Architecture (FAUL), NOVA School of Social Sciences and Humanities, the Portuguese Society for Construction History Studies and the University of the Azores. The contributions cover the wide interdisciplinary spectrum of Construction History and consist on the most recent advances in theory and practical case studies analysis, following themes such as: - epistemological issues; - building actors; - building materials; - building machines, tools and equipment; - construction processes; - building services and techniques ; -structural theory and analysis ; - political, social and economic aspects; - knowledge transfer and cultural translation of construction cultures. Furthermore, papers presented at thematic sessions aim at covering important problematics, historical periods and different regions of the globe, opening new directions for Construction History research. We are what we build and how we build; thus, the study of Construction History is now more than ever at the centre of current debates as to the shape of a sustainable future for humankind. Therefore, History of Construction Cultures is a critical and indispensable work to expand our understanding of the ways in which everyday building activities have been perceived and experienced in different cultures, from ancient times to our century and all over the world.
    Keywords: Building construction and materials ; Civil engineering, surveying and building ; Structural engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNC Structural engineering
    Language: English
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  • 45
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: In Lehr-Lern-Labor Seminaren können Lehramtsstudierende ihr fachliches, didaktisches und pädagogisches Wissen aufgreifen und in komplexitätsreduzierten Handlungsumgebungen anwenden. Dabei erstellen sie Experimentierstationen, um anschließend in einer iterativen Praxis mehrmals Schülerinnen und Schüler an diesen Stationen zu betreuen. Grundlegend für dieses Vorgehen sind Reflexionsprozesse zwischen den Betreuungen. Inwieweit diese Reflexionsprozesse die Entwicklung der Professionellen Unterrichtswahrnehmung der Studierenden fördern, wurde mit dieser Arbeit untersucht. Als ergänzende Intervention wurden fragenbasierte Videoanalysen der eigenen Betreuungen in das Seminar implementiert. Die Regressionsanalysen zeigten, dass sich die Professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung der Studierenden durch die Teilnahme am Seminar verbesserte, wenn zusätzlich das eigene Vorgehen und das ihrer Kommilitonen anhand der erstellten Videos analysiert wurden. Ohne Videoanalyse konnte keine Veränderung festgestellt werden.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 46
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Bei Schülerlaboren als wichtigem Teil außerschulischer MINT-Bildung besteht ein Forschungsdefizit hinsichtlich kognitiver und motivationaler Prozesse auf Seiten der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Mit einem Design-based Research Ansatz klärt die Studie deshalb die Dynamik der Lehr- und Lernprozesse in Schülerlaboren auf und erlaubt es, die Lernangebote mit Blick auf generelle Bildungsziele und spezifische Ziele der Labore empiriebasiert weiterzuentwickeln. Um Angebots-Nutzungs-Prozesse zu untersuchen, wird ein Analyseinstrument entwickelt; es erlaubt gleichermaßen, die didaktische Struktur der Angebote in einer SWOT-Analyse zu erfassen und die ablaufenden Denk- und Lernprozesse der Schülerinnen und Schüler empirisch zu erheben. Das Instrument fokussiert auf drei Dimensionen: die Orientierung der Angebote an Kontexten, die Integration von Problemlöseaufgaben und die Unterstützung von Autonomie der Schülerinnen und Schüler beim Entscheiden und Handeln. Die Ergebnisse der SWOT-Analyse werden mit empirischen Daten, die mit ethnografischen Methoden gewonnen werden, validiert. Eine daraufhin weiterentwickelte didaktische Struktur der Angebote ist hinsichtlich einer differenzierten Kontextualisierung, des Einsatzes narrativer Anker, die Problemlöseaufgaben einleiten, sowie einer phasenweisen Öffnung der Angebote verändert und führt zu besserem Verständnis fachlicher Inhalte und zu einer höheren Motivation.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: Die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung ist eine zentrale und situative Fähigkeit, die (angehende) Lehrkräfte befähigt, Lernprozesse im Unterricht zu erkennen, mithilfe ihres professionellen Wissens zu interpretieren und anschließend lernförderliche Handlungspläne abzuleiten. Der vorliegenden Arbeit liegt die Forschungsfrage zugrunde, ob diese Fähigkeit mit einem physikspezifischen Fokus mithilfe eines Instruments - bestehend aus inszenierten Unterrichtsvideos und einem teilweise geschlossenen Fragebogen - valide erfasst werden kann. Ein solches Instrument könnte dazu dienen, herauszufinden, ob die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung domänenspezifisch ist (Hypothese 1) und ob diese situative Fähigkeit entlang der universitären Ausbildung eine Progression erfährt (Hypothese 2).  Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit ergeben 19 Items (EAP Reliabilität liegt bei 0.698), mit denen eine physikspezifische professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung gemessen werden kann. Weitere Analysen (zur Korrelation mit dem physikdidaktischen Wissen und der Abhängigkeit von studiumsbezogenen Daten) stützen die Konstruktvalidität des Tests. In Bezug auf Hypothese 1 hat sich wie erwartet gezeigt, dass die physikspezifische professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung signifikant von dem studierten Fach und dem Studiengang abhängt. Anders als erwartet ergeben die Ergebnisse zur Hypothese 2, dass die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung aber nicht signifikant vom Studienfortschritt abhängt.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 48
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Erkenntnisgewinnung ist in den Naturwissenschaften untrennbar mit wissenschaftlichen Kontroversen verknüpft, die auch für den Physikunterricht einen Bildungswert besitzen, insbesondere im Hinblick auf kritische Urteilsbildung, Multiperspektivität und ein angemessenes Nature-of-Science-Verständnis. Basierend auf einer Charakterisierung wissenschaftlicher Kontroversen wird am Beispiel der Frage nach der Relativität der Masse in der Speziellen Relativitätstheorie in einer explorativ-qualitativen Studie untersucht, wie Physiklehrkräfte und Physiklehramtsstudierende mit einer solchen Kontroverse umgehen und inwieweit sie deren Bildungswert nutzen. Dazu werden sowohl Gedankenauflistungen, die von den Befragten nach dem Lesen von Textmaterialien zu den unterschiedlichen Fachpositionen erstellt wurden, als auch Antworten zu verschiedenen Textvignetten mit Hilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass die Studierenden häufiger offen gegenüber den kontroversen fachwissenschaftlichen Positionen sind als die Lehrkräfte. Unterschiede in Bezug auf die Realisierung des Bildungswertes im Unterrichtskontext werden mithilfe von fünf Typen systematisch beschrieben. Ein Großteil der Befragten weist dabei Ansätze zur Umsetzung von Kontroversität im Physikunterricht auf. Die Mehrheit vertritt auch eine eigene fachwissenschaftliche Position und ein Teil der Befragten nutzt die wissenschaftliche Kontroverse zur Thematisierung von Nature-of-Science-Aspekten.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 49
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This book is a “big history” of the evidence regarding how we came to be. It briefly explores philosophical thought and how our past might affect our future. The text summarizes different perspectives, including the strengths and weaknesses of each. The genesis of our planet is explored, especially the circumstances that must exist for complex life to arise. This brief journey highlights the history of life, the emergence of simple lifeforms, and the evolution of complex creatures, including humans. The book concludes with a discussion of why other humanoids went extinct while our species achieved dominance. The author speculates on potentialities awaiting humankind and our planet.
    Keywords: Big History, Emergent Conditions, Evolution of Complexity, Origin of Life ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PG Astronomy, space and time ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBG Geology, geomorphology and the lithosphere ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVG Geophysics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution
    Language: English
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  • 50
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book focuses on the amphibian, Xenopus, one of the most commonly used model animals in the biological sciences. Over the past 50 years, the use of Xenopus has made possible many fundamental contributions to our knowledge in cell biology, developmental biology, molecular biology, and neurobiology. In recent years, with the completion of the genome sequence of the main two species and the application of genome editing techniques, Xenopus has emerged as a powerful system to study fundamental disease mechanisms and test treatment possibilities. Xenopus has proven an essential vertebrate model system for understanding fundamental cell and developmental biological mechanisms, for applying fundamental knowledge to pathological processes, for deciphering the function of human disease genes, and for understanding genome evolution. Key Features Provides historical context of the contributions of the model system Includes contributions from an international team of leading scholars Presents topics spanning cell biology, developmental biology, genomics, and disease model Describes recent experimental advances Incorporates richly illustrated diagrams and color images Related Titles Green, S. L. The Laboratory Xenopus sp. (ISBN 978-1-4200-9109-0) Faber, J. & P. D. Nieuwkoop. Normal Table of Xenopus laevis (Daudin): A Systematical & Chronological Survey of the Development from the Fertilized Egg till the End of Metamorphosis (ISBN 978-0-8153-1896-5) Jarret, R. L. & K. McCluskey. The Biological Resources of Model Organisms (ISBN 978-1-0320-9095-5)
    Keywords: Developmental biology ; Genetics (non-medical) ; Evolution ; Ecological science, the Biosphere ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Language: English
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Fachdidaktisches Wissen gilt als wichtige Gelingensbedingung für einen professionell durchgeführten Unterricht. Positive Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen, vielfältige Unterrichtskompetenzen sowie eine befürwortende Einstellung gegenüber der Reflexion von Unterricht sind darüber hinaus Indikatoren einer gelingenden Professionalisierung. Professionelle Handlungskompetenz entwickelt sich vornehmlich, wenn angehende Lehrkräfte die Gelegenheit bekommen theoretische Wissensanteile in der Praxis umzusetzen und diesen Transfer zu reflektieren. Die unreflektierte Absolvierung von Unterrichtspraktika birgt nämlich die Gefahr eines "Praxisschocks". Um dem vorzubeugen, ist es förderlich, praktische Studienanteile in ihrer Komplexität sukzessive zu steigern. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass Lehr-Lern-Labore (LLL) diesen Anforderungen genügen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die professionalisierende Wirkung dieses Veranstaltungskonzepts am Beispiel des LLL "Schwimmen, Schweben, Sinken" multimethodisch untersucht. Dabei wurden Gruppendiskussionen und Interviews, eine hoch inferente Fremdeinschätzungserhebung sowie eine Prä-Post-Fragebogenstudie mit Studierenden der Bachelorstudiengänge Lehramt Physik sowie Grundschulpädagogik (Sachunterricht) an der Freien Universität Berlin durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Lehr-Lern-Labor-Veranstaltungen einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Anbahnung sowie zur Unterstützung der Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften bereits während des Studiums leisten können, ohne dass es zum "Praxisschock" kommt.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Eine lernendenorientierte und adaptive Gestaltung von Unterricht erfordert von den Lehrkräften, dass sie vorhandene Kompetenzen und Lernprozesse der Schülerinnen und Schüler diagnostizieren. Außerdem müssen sie die Anforderungen von Aufgaben mit Blick auf deren Passung zu den Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler analysieren können. Eine derart verstandene "diagnostische Kompetenz" wird als zentrales Professionalisierungsziel von Lehrkräften angesehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden die diagnostischen Prozesse von acht Studierenden mit den Fächern Physik und Mathematik in zwei aufeinander folgenden Lehrveranstaltungen zur Diagnostik untersucht, um Potentiale und Lernhindernisse im Kompetenzaufbau zu identifizieren. In beiden Veranstaltungen bildeten Vignetten von Lernprozessen den Ausgangspunkt für studentische Diagnosen. Forschungsgegenstand waren u.a. schriftliche Diagnosen der Studierenden im Prä-Post-Vergleich sowie auf Video aufgezeichnete studentische Diskurse bei der Diagnose von Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Analysen erfassen u.a., auf welche Komponenten eines Diagnoseprozesses die Studierenden in welcher Weise Bezug nehmen und welche (fach-) didaktischen überlegungen bzw. Theoriebezüge sie in ihren Diagnosen als Referenzpunkte nutzen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass auf struktureller Ebene zwar alle Komponenten thematisiert, aber inhaltlich nicht entlang einer typischen Abfolge miteinander verbunden werden. Trotz inhaltlicher Prompts wird nur selten explizit auf Theoriebezüge zurückgegriffen.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: History of Construction Cultures Volume 1 contains papers presented at the 7ICCH – Seventh International Congress on Construction History, held at the Lisbon School of Architecture, Portugal, from 12 to 16 July, 2021. The conference has been organized by the Lisbon School of Architecture (FAUL), NOVA School of Social Sciences and Humanities, the Portuguese Society for Construction History Studies and the University of the Azores. The contributions cover the wide interdisciplinary spectrum of Construction History and consist on the most recent advances in theory and practical case studies analysis, following themes such as: - epistemological issues; - building actors; - building materials; - building machines, tools and equipment; - construction processes; - building services and techniques ; -structural theory and analysis ; - political, social and economic aspects; - knowledge transfer and cultural translation of construction cultures. Furthermore, papers presented at thematic sessions aim at covering important problematics, historical periods and different regions of the globe, opening new directions for Construction History research. We are what we build and how we build; thus, the study of Construction History is now more than ever at the centre of current debates as to the shape of a sustainable future for humankind. Therefore, History of Construction Cultures is a critical and indispensable work to expand our understanding of the ways in which everyday building activities have been perceived and experienced in different cultures, from ancient times to our century and all over the world.
    Keywords: Building construction and materials ; Civil engineering, surveying and building ; Structural engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNC Structural engineering
    Language: English
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The main focus of this thesis is the discussion of stability of an objective (atomic) structure consisting of single atoms which interact via a potential. We define atomistic stability using a second derivative test. More precisely, atomistic stability is equivalent to a vanishing first derivative of the configurational energy (at the corresponding point) and the coerciveness of the second derivative of the configurational energy with respect to an appropriate semi-norm. Atomistic stability of a lattice is well understood, see, e.,g., [40]. The aim of this thesis is to generalize the theory to objective structures. In particular, we first investigate discrete subgroups of the Euclidean group, then define an appropriate seminorm and the atomistic stability for a given objective structure, and finally provide an efficient algorithm to check its atomistic stability. The algorithm particularly checks the validity of the Cauchy-Born rule for objective structures. To illustrate our results, we prove numerically the stability of a carbon nanotube by applying the algorithm.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Die Optimierung dynamischer Dichtsysteme ist eine kostengünstige Methode zur Erhöhung der Wirkungsgrade, Lebensdauer und Betriebssicherheit von Turbomaschinen. Zuverlässige und effiziente Dichtsysteme lassen sich nur realisieren, wenn die Anstreifvorgänge zwischen rotierenden und statischen Komponenten sowie ihre Folgen schon bei der Auslegung berücksichtigt und im Betrieb beherrscht werden können. Bis heute sind die physikalischen Vorgänge beim Anstreifen jedoch nur unzureichend verstanden und es fehlen zuverlässige Modellierungsansätze für ihre Vorhersage. Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert einen essentiellen Beitrag zum Verständnis des Anstreifverhaltens und somit zur Optimierung einlaufender dynamischer Dichtsysteme mit Fokus auf Labyrinthdichtungen mit Einlaufbelägen aus Hohlkörperstrukturen. Mit Hilfe aufwändiger experimenteller Untersuchungen wird in dieser Arbeit ein tiefergreifendes physikalisches Verständnis der Anstreifvorgänge bereitgestellt. Die experimentell gewonnenen Erkenntnisse bilden schließlich die Grundlage für die Entwicklung eines Modellierungsansatzes, der erstmals unter Berücksichtigung aller Einflussparameter die zuverlässige Vorhersage des Anstreifverhaltens einlaufender Labyrinthdichtungen ermöglicht.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Construction ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Formeln sind eine wichtige mathematische Darstellungsform im Physikunterricht. Jedoch haben Lernende häufig Schwierigkeiten bei der Verbalisierung der inhaltlichen Bedeutung von Formeln. Dies wirft die Frage auf, wie Lehrende diese inhaltliche Seite von Formeln vermitteln. Der Theorieteil stellt den Empiriestand zu den Themenkomplexen Formeln und Kommunikation, Alltagssprache, Unterrichts -sprache und Fachsprache im Physikunterricht ausführlich dar. Auf Grundlage sprachwissenschaftlicher Überlegungen wurde ein Ebenenmodell der Versprachlichung von Formeln entwickelt und durch Lehrbuchanalysen validiert, mit dessen Hilfe das Sprechen von und über Formeln analysiert werden kann. In einer qualitativen, explorativ ausgerichteten Feldstudie wurde Physikunterricht von 10 Lehrenden zum elektrischen Widerstand beobachtet und ihre Sprache mit Hilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse und des entwickelten Ebenenmodells ausgewertet. Das entstandene Kategoriensystem zeigt ein vielfältiges Sprechen über Formeln, das viele Aspekte von Formelverständnis abdeckt. Eine explizite qualitative Interpretation von Formeln bleibt jedoch meist aus. Es zeigt sich in vielen Aspekten ein eher technischer Umgang mit Formeln, der die strukturelle Rolle der Mathematik vernachlässigt. Das Sprechen der Lehrenden im Umgang mit Formeln kann als entweder fachsprachlich, schülernah oder ausgewogen, in einigen Fällen zusätzlich als reflektierend charakterisiert werden.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung erleichtert den Einsatz von computergestützten Experimentiergelegenheiten in Schule und Universität. Dabei ermöglichen solche Experimente Lernenden eigenständige Erfahrungen mit neuen Fachinhalten. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein lernerzentriertes und webbasiertes Angebot entwickelt, mit dem Lernende selbstständig Experimente zur Elektronenbewegung in Feldern durchführen können. Dabei wurden verschiedene Möglichkeiten zur Unterstützung der Lernprozesse, die der Einsatz digitaler Endgeräte mit sich bringt, realisiert - dies sind u.a. der Einsatz von Augmented Reality, ergänzenden Visualisierungen und automatisiertem Feedback. Doch über die Häufigkeit und die Art der Nutzung entsprechender Angebote in Schule und beim selbstständigen Lernen gibt es bisher nur wenige empirisch abgesicherte Erkenntnisse. Daher wurde hierzu eine Nutzungsanalyse mithilfe von Usertracking durchgeführt. Diese zeigt, dass das Angebot sowohl im Unterricht als auch beim selbstständigen Lernen sehr häufig genutzt wird, und deckt auf, welche Elemente zu einer intensiven Nutzung des Angebotes führen. Weiter wurde in einer Laborstudie die Wirkung von Multiplen Repräsentationen auf den Erfolg beim experimentellen Hypothesenprüfen und den wahrgenommenen Cognitive Load untersucht. Hier zeigte sich, dass integrierte, dynamisch verlinkte Repräsentationen die Nutzer unterstützen, aber keinen zusätzlichen Cognitive Load verursachen. Dies sollte bei der Gestaltung zukünftiger Angebote berücksichtigt werden.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: Niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten in den Studiengängen Physik und Lehramt Physik sind sowohl aus bildungspolitischer und institutioneller Sicht als auch aus individueller Perspektive erfolglos Studierender eine Herausforderung. Bisher gibt es nur wenige empirische Studien, die Gründe für niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten bestimmen. Von dieser Situation ausgehend, zielte diese Arbeit auf die Erfassung domänenspezifischer Eingangsvoraussetzungen von Studienanfängerinnen und -anfängern, um daraus mögliche Prädiktoren für einen Studienerfolg zu bestimmen. Den Kern der Arbeit bildet die Konzeption und Evaluation eines Testinstruments zu Studieneingangsvoraussetzungen. Das Instrument umfasst einen Vorwissenstest in Mathematik und Physik sowie einen Test zu domänenspezifischen Verhaltensweisen und Einstellungen. Das selbstentwickelte Instrument wurde bei N = 116 Studierenden eingesetzt, um die Prognosekraft der gemessenen Konstrukte auf einen möglichen Studienerfolg zu schätzen. Dabei zeigte sich der Physikteil des Vorwissenstests in Verbindung mit der Hochschulzugangsberechtigungsnote als signifikanter Prädiktor für den Studienerfolg gemessen am Studienverbleib nach drei Semestern. Dieses Ergebnis stellt im Wesentlichen eine Replikation bereits bekannter Erkenntnisse dar. Es konnten erste Hinweise gefunden werden, dass sich lernzielorientierte Einstellungen positiv auf den Studienerfolg auswirken können.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Statistics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBC Social research & statistics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The origin story and emergence of molecular biology is muddled. The early triumphs in bacterial genetics and the complexity of animal and plant genomes complicate an intricate history. This book documents the many advances, as well as the prejudices and founder fallacies. It highlights the premature relegation of RNA to simply an intermediate between gene and protein, the underestimation of the amount of information required to program the development of multicellular organisms, and the dawning realization that RNA is the cornerstone of cell biology, development, brain function and probably evolution itself. Key personalities, their hubris as well as prescient predictions are richly illustrated with quotes, archival material, photographs, diagrams and references to bring the people, ideas and discoveries to life, from the conceptual cradles of molecular biology to the current revolution in the understanding of genetic information. Key Features Documents the confused early history of DNA, RNA and proteins - a transformative history of molecular biology like no other. Integrates the influences of biochemistry and genetics on the landscape of molecular biology. Chronicles the important discoveries, preconceptions and misconceptions that retarded or misdirected progress. Highlights major pioneers and contributors to molecular biology, with a focus on RNA and noncoding DNA. Summarizes the mounting evidence for the central roles of non-protein-coding RNA in cell and developmental biology. Provides a thought-provoking retrospective and forward-looking perspective for advanced students and professional researchers.
    Keywords: Cloning ; Double Helix ; Genetic Code ; Genetic Engineering ; Gene Regulation ; Genome Structure and Function ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSF Cellular biology (cytology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVN Biophysics
    Language: English
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die Quantenphysik bildet schon heute das Fundament zahlreicher aktueller Technologien. Zukünftige Quantentechnologien, wie Quantencomputer, werden sowohl in der Industrie als auch für die Gesellschaft an Bedeutung gewinnen. In vielen nationalen und internationalen Schulcurricula ist die Quantenphysik als Thema für den Physikunterricht mittlerweile fest verankert. Aber trotz des enormen Bedeutungszuwachses von Quantentechnologien ist der Unterricht zur Quantenphysik an Schulen nach wie vor von semi-klassischen Modellen und quasi-historischen Zugängen geprägt, während moderne Begriffe der Quantenphysik häufig unberücksichtigt bleiben. Die Folge sind oft klassisch-mechanistisch geprägte Vorstellungen Lernender zur Quantenphysik. Hier setzt diese Arbeit an: mit dem Erlanger Unterrichtskonzept zur Quantenoptik wird ein Konzept vorgestellt, mit dem Lernende der gymnasialen Oberstufe Quanteneffekte anhand quantenoptischer Experimente kennen lernen. Konzepte der Quantenoptik, wie die Präparation von Quantenzuständen, die Antikorrelation am Strahlteiler und die Einzelphotoneninterferenz verhelfen Lernenden zu einem modernen Bild über Quantenphysik. Im Rahmen einer summativen Evaluation im Mixed-Methods-Design mit 171 Schülerinnen und Schülern zeigte sich, dass Lernende mit dem Erlanger Unterrichtskonzept zu quantenphysikalisch dominierten Vorstellungen gelangen und verbreitete Lernschwierigkeiten vermieden werden können.
    Keywords: Science ; Science ; Physics ; Technology & Engineering ; Agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming
    Language: German
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Sound power describes the emission of sound from sound sources. Despite today's state-of-the art measurement techniques, the current sound power determination methods are restricted due to various limitations. To overcome these limitations, a new sound power determination method is proposed, aiming at the establishment of traceability in airborne sound. This will enable the characterization of a sound source by its free field sound power. The dissertation describes a study on the dissemination process, which will allow the sound power of a device under test located at a real surrounding environment, to be referred to its free field sound power. Apart from the sound power, the corresponding uncertainty may be estimated in a transparent way, where each uncertainty component is provided. The basic tool for the dissemination process is the substitution method using aerodynamic reference sound sources, applied to both sound pressure and sound intensity measurements. Initially, a theoretical investigation deals with the factors that influence the substitution method. Experimental results are then presented based on measurements using a specially designed scanning apparatus. The transition from calibration to in situ conditions and the required correction, due to changes in environmental and operational conditions, is then discussed. In the last section, the sound power level of devices under test is determined along with its related uncertainty, which is further compared to the up-to-date uncertainty values.
    Keywords: Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 62
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Although organic farming and agroecology are normally not associated with the use of new technologies, it’s rapid growth, new technologies are being adopted to mitigate environmental impacts of intensive production implemented with external material and energy inputs. GPS, satellite images, GIS, drones, help conventional farming in precision supply of water, pesticides, fertilizers. Prescription maps define the right place and moment for interventions of machinery fleets. Yield goal remains the key objective, integrating a more efficient use or resources toward an economic-environmental sustainability. Technological smart farming allows extractive agriculture entering the sustainability era. Societies that practice agroecology through the development of human-environmental co-evolutionary systems represent a solid model of sustainability. These systems are characterized by high-quality agroecosystems and landscapes, social inclusion, and viable economies. This book explores the challenges posed by the new geographic information technologies in agroecology and organic farming. It discusses the differences among technology-laden conventional farming systems and the role of technologies in strengthening the potential of agroecology. The first part reviews the new tools offered by geographic information technologies to farmers and people. The second part provides case studies of most promising application of technologies in organic farming and agroecology: the diffusion of hyperspectral imagery, the role of positioning systems, the integration of drones with satellite imagery. The third part of the book, explores the role of agroecology using a multiscale approach from the farm to the landscape level. This section explores the potential of Geodesign in promoting alliances between farmers and people, and strengthening food networks, whether through proximity urban farming or asserting land rights in remote areas in the spirit of agroecological transition. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons 4.0 license.
    Keywords: Botany and plant sciences;Biology, life sciences;Agriculture and farming;Forestry and silviculture: practice and techniques;Geographical information systems and remote sensing ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVR Forestry and silviculture ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGW Geographical information systems, geodata and remote sensing
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  • 63
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Human sound localization helps to pay attention to spatially separated speakers using interaural level and time differences as well as angle-dependent monaural spectral cues. In a monophonic teleconference, for instance, it is much more difficult to distinguish between different speakers due to missing binaural cues. Spatial positioning of the speakers by means of binaural reproduction methods using head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) enhances speech comprehension. These HRTFs are influenced by the torso, head and ear geometry as they describe the propagation path of the sound from a source to the ear canal entrance. Through this geometry-dependency, the HRTF is directional and subject-dependent. To enable a sufficient reproduction, individual HRTFs should be used. However, it is tremendously difficult to measure these HRTFs. For this reason this thesis proposes approaches to adapt the HRTFs applying individual anthropometric dimensions of a user. Since localization at low frequencies is mainly influenced by the interaural time difference, two models to adapt this difference are developed and compared with existing models. Furthermore, two approaches to adapt the spectral cues at higher frequencies are studied, improved and compared. Although the localization performance with individualized HRTFs is slightly worse than with individual HRTFs, it is nevertheless still better than with non-individual HRTFs, taking into account the measurement effort.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Electronics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 64
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Bedingt durch die zunehmende Heterogenität der Studierendenschaft rücken die Studienschwierigkeiten in der Studieneingangsphase immer mehr in den Fokus naturwissenschaftsdidaktischer Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeiten. In den bisherigen Untersuchungen werden die beim Übergang in die Hochschule auftretenden Lern-, Reflexions- und Entscheidungsprozesse allerdings kaum betrachtet. Vor diesem Hintergrund beschreibt die vorliegende Arbeit anhand des Lernzentrums 'Physiktreff' an der Universität Paderborn die evidenzbasierte Entwicklung und Gestaltung geeigneter Unterstützungsmaßnahmen. Das Maßnahmenpaket des universitären Lernzentrums 'Physiktreff' wurde mit einem Design-Based-Research-Ansatz in mehreren Zyklen entwickelt und mithilfe von schriftlichen Fragebogenerhebungen und leitfadengestützten Interviews evaluiert. Die Analyse von Nutzungstypen stellte je nach Typ unterschiedliche Wirkungen des 'Physiktreffs' fest, z.B. zeigt der 'Physiktreff' Wirkungen in transitionsbedingten Krisen und bei der Vorbereitung auf Prüfungen. Außerdem konnte eine zunächst theoretisch begründete Modellierung der Prozesse in der Studieneingangsphase empirisch fundiert werden.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; Psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology
    Language: German
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Naturwissenschaftliche Grundbildung im Sinne der Scientific Literacy umfasst das Erlernen inhaltlicher Konzepte sowie naturwissenschaftlicher Denk-, Arbeitsu- und Handlungsweisen. Auch in der Sachunterrichtsdidaktik werden entsprechende Ziele formuliert. Fachdidaktische und entwicklungspsychologische Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass Grundschulkinder systematische Strategien der Hypothesenprüfung (Variablenisolation und -kontrolle) erlernen können. Dabei scheint die Unterstützungsmaßnahme des Modeling besonders geeignet. In einem Prä-Post-Follow-up-Design mit Baseline wurden unter Kontrolle der Lernvoraussetzungen die Auswirkungen einer Förderung des Verständnisses der Variablenkontrolle im Kontext Magnetismus durch Modeling im Vergleich zu einem am Offenen Experimentieren orientierten Lernsetting auf (1) eigenständiges Bewerten und Entwickeln von Experimenten, (2) Transferfähigkeit, (3) Entwicklung, Durchführung und Bewertung eigener Experimente, (4) Qualität bzgl. des erreichten Niveaus der Experimente und (5) motivationale Schülermerkmale geprüft. Zur differenzierten Erfassung kamen ein Paper-Pencil-Test und ein videographiertes Interview zum Einsatz. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass (1) beide Gruppen von der Intervention profitierten, die Daten einer Baseline jedoch auf einen Testwiederholungseffekt hindeuteten. Einflüsse der Intervention auf die anderen Bereiche konnten nachgewiesen werden. Eine Förderung durch Modeling wirkte sich auf alle vier genannten Bereiche (2)-(5) positiv aus.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The exchange of orbit information is becoming more important in view of the increasing population of objects in space as well as the increase in parties involved in space operations. The aim of this thesis was to investigate how orbit information maintained by a space surveillance system can be provided to its users. Services like collision avoidance require very accurate information, while other services might be less stringent. An approach was studied, which allows to derive orbit and covariance information of predetermined accuracy from a reference orbit. Using Chebyshev polynomials, continuous state vector and covariance matrix information can be provided. The major advantage is that no inter- or extrapolation on the user's side is required. A method to reduce the data amount by interpolating the variance envelope functions was also studied. The proposed method in this thesis gives access to highly accurate information from the catalogue, where this information is required. On the other hand it can also provide less accurate information, where requirements are less restrictive, thereby allowing for a significantly reduced amount of data to be transferred and stored.
    Keywords: Computers ; Computer Science ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 67
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Innovations in Road, Railway and Airfield Bearing Capacity – Volume 2 comprises the second part of contributions to the 11th International Conference on Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields (2022). In anticipation of the event, it unveils state-of-the-art information and research on the latest policies, traffic loading measurements, in-situ measurements and condition surveys, functional testing, deflection measurement evaluation, structural performance prediction for pavements and tracks, new construction and rehabilitation design systems, frost affected areas, drainage and environmental effects, reinforcement, traditional and recycled materials, full scale testing and on case histories of road, railways and airfields. This edited work is intended for a global audience of road, railway and airfield engineers, researchers and consultants, as well as building and maintenance companies looking to further upgrade their practices in the field.
    Keywords: Civil engineering, surveying and building ; Transport technology and trades ; Structural engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNC Structural engineering
    Language: English
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Für Studiengänge an deutschen Hochschulen wird heute meistens eine Orientierung an Kompetenzen eingefordert. Die zur Messung dieser Kompetenzen nötigen Testinstrumente fehlen aber weitestgehend. Im Kooperationsprojekt "Ko-WADiS", in dem diese Studie angesiedelt war, wurde ein Kompetenztest zur naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisgewinnung entwickelt. Erkenntnisgewinnung wird dabei als ein komplexer Problemlöseprozess im Sinne des Scientific Reasoning angesehen. Auf Grundlage dieser theoretischen Überlegungen wurden zunächst ein Kompetenzmodell adaptiert und Items entwickelt. Für diese Studie wurde der Kompetenztest in einer querschnittlichen Untersuchung bei Studierenden der Physik eingesetzt. Die empirischen Ergebnisse deuten auf die beste Passung eines eindimensionalen Modells hin. Auf Basis dieses Modells wurden weitere Analysen vorgenommen. Hierbei wird deutlich, dass erwartungskonform Masterstudierende einen höheren Kompetenzstand als Bachelorstudierende haben. Gleichzeitig gibt es Evidenz für einen signifikanten Vorteil der Fachstudierenden im Vergleich zu den Lehramtsstudierenden. Keine Vorteile zeigen sich hingegen für Lehramtsstudierende der Physik mit einem weiteren naturwissenschaftlichen Fach.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 69
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Die Einstellung von Lehrkräften bestimmt deren Handeln mit. Die vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit dem Nutzungsverhalten und der Einstellung von Physiklehrkräften bzgl. Computern und Neuen Medien im unterrichtlichen Zusammenhang. Außerdem werden die Einstellung und Einschätzung von Schülerinnen und Schülern zu diesem Thema untersucht. Methodisch wurden dazu sowohl quantitative Analysemethoden auf Basis von Fragebögen, als auch qualitative Methoden wie halboffene Interviews genutzt und kombiniert. Durch die explorative Untersuchung konnte festgestellt werden, dass sich die Einstellung zum Computereinsatz im Physikunterricht in sechs Dimensionen beschreiben lässt, auf deren Basis die Lehrkräfte in fünf Gruppen klassifiziert werden: Verhinderte Nutzer, Neugierige, Computerenthusiasten, Realisten und Meider. Für jede dieser Gruppen lassen sich unterschiedliche Handlungsempfehlungen formulieren, um den Einsatz Neuer Medien bei Physiklehrkräften zu fördern.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 70
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    Taylor & Francis | The Behavioural Biology of Zoo Animals | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This is the first book on captive animal behaviour, applied to welfare. It enables all aspects of zoo husbandry and management (nutrition, enclosure design, handling & training, enrichment, population management) to be based on a sound knowledge of the species, its evolutionary and natural history.
    Keywords: zoo biology, Husbandry evidence, Animal welfare, Zoo animal management, Enclosure design, Natural history, Refinement, Zoo research, animal enrichment ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MZ Veterinary medicine::MZD Veterinary medicine: large animals ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNG Domestic animals and pets::WNGF Fishes as pets and aquaria ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNG Domestic animals and pets::WNGS Reptiles and amphibians as pets ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology::RNCB Biodiversity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVC Zoology: fishes (ichthyology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVA Zoology: invertebrates ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVM Zoology: mammals (mammalogy) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVJ Zoology: birds (ornithology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVP Ethology and animal behaviour ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming
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  • 71
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Orbital debris is becoming an increasing problem for space flight missions. New satellite launches, explosions, collisions and other events cause a steady rise in the number of objects orbiting the Earth. It is therefore important to determine the future development of the object population, as well as the effectiveness of debris mitigation measures, in long-term simulations. Orbital propagation, the calculation of an object's movement in its orbit, poses a challenge for this research due to the high computation times of the complex perturbation models involved. With populations consisting of hundreds of thousands of objects as well as simulation time frames of up to 200 years, these calculations can take up hours of computation time. To speed up this process, the analytical propagator Ikebana is introduced in this work of applied computer science in engineering. The program runs on graphics processing units, hardware designed for massively parallel execution of up to thousands of concurrent threads. This reduces the overall run time for large object populations from hours to minutes. Porting software from a conventional CPU is not a trivial task and involves a number of potential pitfalls and optimization opportunities which are detailed in this work. The propagator is integrated into other applications via a generic, multi-platform interface specifically designed for this task. It allows to develop the propagator separately and integrate it into other tools as a plugin at run time. The interface's architecture serves as a design template for analytical propagation software.
    Keywords: Computers ; Computer Science ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 72
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Innovations in Road, Railway and Airfield Bearing Capacity – Volume 3 comprises the third part of contributions to the 11th International Conference on Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields (2022). In anticipation of the event, it unveils state-of-the-art information and research on the latest policies, traffic loading measurements, in-situ measurements and condition surveys, functional testing, deflection measurement evaluation, structural performance prediction for pavements and tracks, new construction and rehabilitation design systems, frost affected areas, drainage and environmental effects, reinforcement, traditional and recycled materials, full scale testing and on case histories of road, railways and airfields. This edited work is intended for a global audience of road, railway and airfield engineers, researchers and consultants, as well as building and maintenance companies looking to further upgrade their practices in the field.
    Keywords: Civil engineering, surveying and building ; Transport technology and trades ; Structural engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNC Structural engineering
    Language: English
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  • 73
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This book is a “big history” of the evidence regarding how we came to be. It briefly explores philosophical thought and how our past might affect our future. The text summarizes different perspectives, including the strengths and weaknesses of each. The genesis of our planet is explored, especially the circumstances that must exist for complex life to arise. This brief journey highlights the history of life, the emergence of simple lifeforms, and the evolution of complex creatures, including humans. The book concludes with a discussion of why other humanoids went extinct while our species achieved dominance. The author speculates on potentialities awaiting humankind and our planet.
    Keywords: Big History, Emergent Conditions, Evolution of Complexity, Origin of Life ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PG Astronomy, space and time ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBG Geology, geomorphology and the lithosphere ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVG Geophysics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution
    Language: English
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
    Description: Die Didaktik der Physik ist im deutschsprachigen Raum mittlerweile fest etabliert. Ihre Akteur_innen haben ein Selbstverständnis als eigene wissenschaftliche Disziplin entwickelt, die eigene Forschungsfelder und -fragestellungen in den Fokus nimmt und mit spezifischen Forschungsformaten und -methoden untersucht. Die Forschungsaktivität in dieser Disziplin nimmt seit Jahren stetig zu und differenziert sich inhaltlich immer stärker aus, so dass es in der Didaktik der Physik kaum noch möglich ist, einen Überblick über alle Entwicklungen zu behalten. Zugleich sind die eigenen ideengeschichtlichen Wurzeln dieser Disziplin im aktuellen Forschungsbetrieb nicht mehr sehr präsent. Gerade Nachwuchswissenschaftler_innen sind sie nicht immer bewusst. Als Ergebnis einer über 3 Jahren dauernden Delphi-Studie legen wir in diesem Band eine Sammlung von Verweisen auf grundlegende und wegweisende Literatur der Physikdidaktik vor, die von Expert_innen jeweils kurz in den wissenschaftshistorischen Kontext eingeordnet werden. Es handelt sich hier nicht um ein Lehrbuch, sondern um eine Ressource, die die die historische Vielfalt physikdidaktischer Denk- und Forschungsansätze kompakt zugänglich macht und die zur Reflexion über die Fachdidaktik und ihr Selbstverständnis als wissenschaftliche Disziplin anregen soll. Sie möchte auf sinnvolle und ökonomische Weise die historische »Werdung« der Physikdidaktik nahebringen.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 75
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Vibro compaction and vibro stone columns are the two dynamic methods of soil improvement most commonly used worldwide. These methods have been developed over almost eighty years and are now of unrivalled importance as modern foundation measures. Vibro compaction works on granular soils by densification, and vibro stone columns are used to displace and reinforce fine-grained and cohesive soils by introducing inert material. This second edition includes also a chapter on vibro concrete columns constructed with almost identical depth vibrators. These small diameter concrete piles are increasingly used as ground improvement methods for moderately loaded large spread foundations, although the original soil characteristics are only marginally improved. This practical guide for professional geotechnical engineers and graduate students systematically covers the theoretical basis and design principles behind the methods, the equipment used during their execution, and state of the art procedures for quality assurance and data acquisition. All the chapters are updated in line with recent developments and improvements in the methods and equipment. Fresh case studies from around the world illustrate the wide range of possible applications. The book concludes with variations to methods, evaluates the economic and environmental benefits of the methods, and gives contractual guidance.
    Keywords: backfill ; column ; columns ; compaction ; concrete ; depth ; material ; replacement ; stone ; vibro ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNC Structural engineering::TNCC Soil and rock mechanics
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  • 76
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Flipped Classroom ist eine innovative Unterrichtsmethode, bei der sich Schülerinnen und Schüler zuhause mit Lernvideos auf den Unterricht vorbereiten. Im Unterricht selbst steht dann die Anwendung und Vertiefung des Wissens in kooperativen Lernsettings im Vordergrund. Wissenschaftlich ist der Einsatz dieser Methode im deutschen Schulunterricht bislang nicht untersucht worden, auch nicht im Physikunterricht. Haben die Schülerinnen und Schüler hier einen höheren Lernzuwachs? Ändern sich das Selbstkonzept, das Fachinteresse und die Motivation? Welche Rolle spielt dabei das Leistungsvermögen oder das Geschlecht? Die vorliegende quasi-experimentelle Interventionsstudie im Pre-/Postdesign mit Kontrollgruppe untersuchte den Einsatz des Flipped Classroom im Physikunterricht. Dabei zeigten sich positive Effekte auf den Lernerfolg sowie teilweise auf affektive Lernmerkmale. Motivational profitierten vor allem die Mädchen vom Flipped Classroom, die Jungen hingegen verbesserten deutlich ihre Hausaufgabendisziplin.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 77
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    Taylor & Francis | Practical Handbook of Microbiology | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Practical Handbook of Microbiology, 4th edition provides basic, clear and concise knowledge and practical information about working with microorganisms. Useful to anyone interested in microbes, the book is intended to especially benefit four groups: trained microbiologists working within one specific area of microbiology; people with training in other disciplines, and use microorganisms as a tool or "chemical reagent"; business people evaluating investments in microbiology focused companies; and an emerging group, people in occupations and trades that might have limited training in microbiology, but who require specific practical information.
    Keywords: Antisepsis, Bacteria, Bacteriophage, Business of Microbiology, Disinfection, Fungi, Microbiology, Microbiology procedures, parasites, sterilization, virus ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology::RNCB Biodiversity
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  • 78
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: In fachdidaktischen Interventionsstudien wird Unterricht auf Basis neu entwickelter Unterrichtskonzepte öfter mit "traditionellem Unterricht" verglichen. Eine vertiefte Auseinandersetzung mit "traditionellem Unterricht" bei Interventionsstudien ermöglicht einen differenzierteren Blick auf deren Ergebnisse, aber auch ein tieferes Verständnis von Akzeptanzhürden, die bei der Umsetzung neuer Unterrichtskonzepte auftreten können. In dieser Studie wurde daher der Anfangs-Elektrizitäts -lehreunterricht von 32 Lehrkräften in Bayern, Hessen und Österreich beleuchtet: Einerseits wurden Elemente der individuell umgesetzten Sachstruktur der Lehrkräfte mithilfe von Logbüchern und Schülerheften rekonstruiert. Andererseits wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen ausgewählten Lehrkräfte- und Schülervariablen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich für die Auswahl und Abfolge von Fachinhalten und den Einsatz von Analogiemodellen einige Muster identifizieren lassen, denen ein Großteil der Lehrkräfte folgte. Im Zuge von Mehrebenenanalysen konnten die erhobenen Aspekte des Professionswissens der Lehrkräfte in einer Betrachtung des Gesamtsamples der Lernenden nicht als Prädiktor für fachlichen Lernerfolg identifiziert werden, jedoch für das Sub-Sample der Lehrkräfte mit weniger als zehn Dienstjahren. Für die Entwicklung des Fachinteresses und des physikbezogenen Selbstkonzepts der Lernenden stellten sich die epistemologischen Vorstellungen und die Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung der Lehrkräfte im Umgang mit Schülervorstellungen als Prädiktoren heraus.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Motion structures are simply assemblies of resistant bodies connected by movable joints. Unlike conventional structures, they allow large shape transformations to satisfy practical requirements and they can be used in:shelters, emergency structures and exhibition standsaircraft morphing wingssatellite solar panels and space antennasmorphing core ma
    Keywords: angle ; assembly ; closure ; compact ; folding ; joint ; linkage ; mobile ; pivoting ; revolute ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNC Structural engineering
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  • 80
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book contains selected papers presented at the 4th International Seminar of Contemporary Research on Business and Management (ISCRBM 2020), which was organized by the Alliance of Indonesian Master of Management Program (APMMI) and held in Surubaya, Indonesia, 25-27 November 2020. It was hosted by the Master of Management Program Indonesia University and co-hosts Airlangga University, Sriwijaya University, Trunojoyo University of Madura, and Telkom University, and supported by Telkom Indonesia and Triputra. The seminar aimed to provide a forum for leading scholars, academics, researchers, and practitioners in business and management area to reflect on current issues, challenges and opportunities, and to share the latest innovative research and best practice. This seminar brought together participants to exchange ideas on the future development of management disciplines: human resources, marketing, operations, finance, strategic management and entrepreneurship.
    Keywords: Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building
    Language: English
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  • 81
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Eine lernendenorientierte und adaptive Gestaltung von Unterricht erfordert von den Lehrkräften, dass sie vorhandene Kompetenzen und Lernprozesse der Schülerinnen und Schüler diagnostizieren. Außerdem müssen sie die Anforderungen von Aufgaben mit Blick auf deren Passung zu den Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler analysieren können. Eine derart verstandene "diagnostische Kompetenz" wird als zentrales Professionalisierungsziel von Lehrkräften angesehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden die diagnostischen Prozesse von acht Studierenden mit den Fächern Physik und Mathematik in zwei aufeinander folgenden Lehrveranstaltungen zur Diagnostik untersucht, um Potentiale und Lernhindernisse im Kompetenzaufbau zu identifizieren. In beiden Veranstaltungen bildeten Vignetten von Lernprozessen den Ausgangspunkt für studentische Diagnosen. Forschungsgegenstand waren u.a. schriftliche Diagnosen der Studierenden im Prä-Post-Vergleich sowie auf Video aufgezeichnete studentische Diskurse bei der Diagnose von Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Analysen erfassen u.a., auf welche Komponenten eines Diagnoseprozesses die Studierenden in welcher Weise Bezug nehmen und welche (fach-) didaktischen überlegungen bzw. Theoriebezüge sie in ihren Diagnosen als Referenzpunkte nutzen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass auf struktureller Ebene zwar alle Komponenten thematisiert, aber inhaltlich nicht entlang einer typischen Abfolge miteinander verbunden werden. Trotz inhaltlicher Prompts wird nur selten explizit auf Theoriebezüge zurückgegriffen.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: With changes in technology and a renewed effort to catalog the world's biodiversity, huge amounts of data are being generated on biodiversity issues. As response to the call for better information systems to manage the biodiversity crisis, a wide range of solutions are being developed for inventorying, managing, and disseminating taxonomic data. This book brings together a diverse array of authors, expertise, and assessors that discuss technical developments to improve the construction, population, and dissemination of biodiversity information. It is designed to inform students and researchers of biodiversity about the changes and challenges that need to be understood by everyone in this information age.
    Keywords: Natural History ; Data Preparation and Mining ; ENVIRO ; BIOSCIENCE ; SCI-TECH ; COMPUTERSCIENCE ; ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCE ; LIFESCIENCE ; INFORMATIONSCIENCE ; STM ; artificial ; bgcolor ; devonian ; facility ; global ; informatics ; information ; lower ; network ; neural ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNF Data mining ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Volume 2 of this revised and updated edition provides an accessible and practical introduction to the two non-Abelian quantum gauge field theories of the Standard Model of particle physics: quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (GSW) electroweak theory.This volume covers much of the experimental progress made in the last ten y
    Keywords: Nuclear physics ; Physics ; Quantum physics (quantum mechanics and quantum field theory) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHQ Quantum physics (quantum mechanics and quantum field theory)
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book summarizes the current progress of bee researchers investigating the status of honey bees and possible reasons for their decline, providing a basis for establishing management methods that maintain colony health. Integrating discussion of Colony Collapse Disorder, the chapters provide information on the new microsporidian Nosema ceranae pathogens, the current status of the parasitic bee mites, updates on bee viruses, and the effects these problems are having on our important bee pollinators. The text also presents methods for diagnosing diseases and includes color illustrations and tables.
    Keywords: apis ; bees ; bread ; collapse ; colonies ; destructor ; honeybee ; mellifera ; mite ; varroa ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVA Zoology: invertebrates::PSVA2 Insects (entomology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVK Agronomy and crop production
    Language: English
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  • 85
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In this book, the author convinces that Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington had things a little bit wrong, as least as far as physics is concerned. He explores the theory of groups and Lie algebras and their representations to use group representations as labor-saving tools.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 86
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book helps readers understand the fundamental principles and phenomena that control the transfer of trace elements. It describes the occurrence and behavior of trace elements in rocks, soil, water, air, and plants, and also discusses the anthropogenic impact to the environment. In addition, the book covers the presence of trace elements in feeds, as either contaminants or as nutritional or zootechnical additives, and their transfer across the food chain to humans. All trace elements are covered-from aluminum to zirconium-as well as rare-earth elements (actinides and lanthanides).
    Keywords: Soil Science ; Environmental Health ; Environmental Chemistry ; ENVIRO ; AGRICULTURE ; CHEMLIB ; SCI-TECH ; CHEMISTRY ; ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCE ; STM ; ash ; crust ; earths ; eriksson ; fly ; fresh ; periodic ; table ; weight ; 2001a ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming
    Language: English
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  • 87
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: "The importance of molecular approaches for comparative biology and the rapid development of new molecular tools is unprecedented. The extraordinary molecular progress belies the need for understanding the development and basic biology of whole organisms. Vigorous international efforts to train the next-generation of experimental biologists must combine both levels – next generation molecular approaches and traditional organismal biology. This book provides cutting-edge chapters regarding the growing list of marine model organisms. Access to and practical advice on these model organisms have become aconditio sine qua non for a modern education of advanced undergraduate students, graduate students and postdocs working on marine model systems. Model organisms are not only tools they are also bridges between fields – from behavior, development and physiology to functional genomics. Key Features Offers deep insights into cutting-edge model system science Provides in-depth overviews of all prominent marine model organisms Illustrates challenging experimental approaches to model system research Serves as a reference book also for next-generation functional genomics applications Fills an urgent need for students Related Titles Jarret, R. L. & K. McCluskey, eds. The Biological Resources of Model Organisms (ISBN 978-1-1382-9461-5) Kim, S.-K. Healthcare Using Marine Organisms (ISBN 978-1-1382-9538-4) Mudher, A. & T. Newman, eds. Drosophila: A Toolbox for the Study of Neurodegenerative Disease (ISBN 978-0-4154-1185-1) Green, S. L. The Laboratory Xenopus sp. (ISBN 978-1-4200-9109-0)"
    Keywords: Developmental biology;Biodiversity;Marine biology;Evolution;Genetics (non-medical);Neurosciences;Zoology: invertebrates;Zoology: fishes (ichthyology);Molecular biology;Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSC Developmental biology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology::RNCB Biodiversity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology::PSPM Marine biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVA Zoology: invertebrates ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVC Zoology: fishes (ichthyology) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: A unified theory embracing all physical phenomena is a major goal of theoretical physics. In the early 1980s, many physicists looked to eleven-dimensional supergravity in the hope that it might provide that elusive superunified theory. In 1984 supergravity was knocked off its pedestal by ten-dimensional superstrings, one-dimensional objects whose v
    Keywords: Nuclear physics ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 89
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book provides a review of precision agriculture technology development, followed by a presentation of the state-of-the-art and future requirements of precision agriculture technology. It presents different styles of precision agriculture technologies suitable for large scale mechanized farming; highly automated community-based mechanized production; and fully mechanized farming practices commonly seen in emerging economic regions. The book emphasizes the introduction of core technical features of sensing, data processing and interpretation technologies, crop modeling and production control theory, intelligent machinery and field robots for precision agriculture production.
    Keywords: Crop Science ; ENVIRO ; AGRICULTURE ; SCI-TECH ; ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCE ; STM ; application ; canopy ; fertilization ; fertilizer ; monitor ; reflectance ; variable-rate ; wheat ; winter ; yield ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGW Geographical information systems, geodata and remote sensing
    Language: English
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  • 90
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Vitamin C holds a unique place in scientific and cultural history. In this book, a group of leading scientific researchers describe new insights into the myriad ways vitamin C is employed during normal physiological functioning. In addition, the text provides an extensive overview of the following: the rationale for utilizing vitamin C in the clinic, updates on recent uses of vitamin C in cancer treatment through high-dose intravenous therapies, the role vitamin C plays in the treatment of sepsis and infectious disease, management of the ways vitamin C can improve stem cell differentiation, as well as vitamin C use in other important health situations.
    Keywords: vitamins ; biochemical ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Many North American plants have characteristics that are especially promising for creating varieties needed to expand food production, and there are excellent prospects of generating new economically competitive crops from these natives. The inadequacy of current crops to meet the food demands of the world’s huge, growing population makes the potential of indigenous North American food plants even more significant. These plants can also generate crops that are more compatible with the ecology of the world, and many also have inherent health benefits. Presenting detailed scholarship, a thoroughly accessible style, and numerous entertaining anecdotes, North American Cornucopia: Top 100 Indigenous Food Plants is a full-color book dedicated to the most important 100 native food plants of North America north of Mexico that have achieved commercial success or have substantial market potential. The introductory chapter reviews the historical development of North American indigenous crops and factors bearing on their future economic success. The rest of the book consists of 100 chapters, each dedicated to a particular crop. The book employs a user-friendly chapter format that presents the material in sections offering in-depth coverage of each plant. The first section of each chapter provides information on the scientific and English names of the plants, followed by a section on the geography and ecology of the wild forms, accompanied by a map showing the North American distribution. A section entitled "Plant Portrait" comprises a basic description of the plant, its history, and its economic and social importance. This is followed by "Culinary Portrait," concerned with food uses and culinary vocabulary. The chapters then provide an analysis of the economic future of each crop, discuss notable and interesting scientific or technological observations and accomplishments, and present extensive references.
    Keywords: Crop Science ; Botany ; CHOICE Recommended Title ; AGRICULTURE ; PlantSCIENCE ; BIOSCIENCE ; SCI-TECH ; LIFESCIENCE ; STM ; Economics ; Food Plants ; Indigenous Plants ; Native ; North American Plants ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | Vitamin C | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: In humans, ascorbic acid is an essential vitamin, anti-oxidant and co-factor of a variety of metal ion-dependent enzymatic reactions. In this review, the transport of L-ascorbic acid is described from food to target cells. Transport of ascorbic acid across the plasma membrane is facilitated by members of the SLC23 family, SLC23A1/SVCT1 and SLC23A2/SVCT2. We present in silico models of these transporters that provide new insights into the structure of the SLC23 family. While SVCT1 is mainly responsible for uptake of ascorbic acid from the intestine into the blood and for reabsorption in the kidney, the more broadly expressed transporter SVCT2 delivers ascorbic acid into tissues that are in high demand of the vitamin. The oxidized form of ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), is a substrate of the GLUT transporters belonging to the SLC2 family. They play important roles in ascorbic acid recycling, such as in the brain and in erythrocytes. Ascorbic acid serves as an essential co-factor of metal ion-dependent enzymes, keeping their metal ions in the reduced state. In addition, it serves as an effective antioxidant in cells with high metabolic activity such as neurons. Thus, it is not too surprising that changes in expression and function of the SVCTs have nutritional and pathological consequences such as during ageing, malnutrition and chronic alcohol abuse or in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and chronic inflammation diseases. In the future, SVCT1 and SVCT2 may furthermore prove useful as drug delivery systems, to enhance transport of novel pharmaceutical agents more efficiently across the intestinal epithelium and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.
    Keywords: antioxidants ; ascorbic acid ; infectious disease ; intravenous ascorbate ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSD Molecular biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book provides a thorough introduction to the phenomenology of heavy flavour physics, those working on the B-factories, LHCb, BTeV, HERA and the Tevatron. It explains how heavy quark theory could be implemented on the lattice, and discusses the status of CP-violation in the neutral kaon system.
    Keywords: Nuclear physics ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The Microfluidics and Nanofluidics Handbook: Two-Volume Set comprehensively captures the cross-disciplinary breadth of the fields of micro- and nanofluidics, which encompass the biological sciences, chemistry, physics and engineering applications. To fill the knowledge gap between engineering and the basic sciences, the editors pulled together key individuals, well known in their respective areas, to author chapters that help graduate students, scientists, and practicing engineers understand the overall area of microfluidics and nanofluidics. Topics covered include Finite Volume Method for Numerical Simulation Lattice Boltzmann Method and Its Applications in Microfluidics Microparticle and Nanoparticle Manipulation Methane Solubility Enhancement in Water Confined to Nanoscale Pores Volume Two: Fabrication, Implementation, and Applications focuses on topics related to experimental and numerical methods. It also covers fabrication and applications in a variety of areas, from aerospace to biological systems. Reflecting the inherent nature of microfluidics and nanofluidics, the book includes as much interdisciplinary knowledge as possible. It provides the fundamental science background for newcomers and advanced techniques and concepts for experienced researchers and professionals.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics ; Renewable Energy ; Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ; ENG ; NANO ; MechanicalEngineering ; SCI-TECH ; STM ; applications ; beads ; capillary ; devices ; magnetic ; microelectromechanical ; micromachining ; microuidic ; surface ; systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TN Civil engineering, surveying & building ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TG Mechanical engineering & materials::TGB Mechanical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGB Mechanical engineering
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten in den Studiengängen Physik und Lehramt Physik sind sowohl aus bildungspolitischer und institutioneller Sicht als auch aus individueller Perspektive erfolglos Studierender eine Herausforderung. Bisher gibt es nur wenige empirische Studien, die Gründe für niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten bestimmen. Von dieser Situation ausgehend, zielte diese Arbeit auf die Erfassung domänenspezifischer Eingangsvoraussetzungen von Studienanfängerinnen und -anfängern, um daraus mögliche Prädiktoren für einen Studienerfolg zu bestimmen. Den Kern der Arbeit bildet die Konzeption und Evaluation eines Testinstruments zu Studieneingangsvoraussetzungen. Das Instrument umfasst einen Vorwissenstest in Mathematik und Physik sowie einen Test zu domänenspezifischen Verhaltensweisen und Einstellungen. Das selbstentwickelte Instrument wurde bei N = 116 Studierenden eingesetzt, um die Prognosekraft der gemessenen Konstrukte auf einen möglichen Studienerfolg zu schätzen. Dabei zeigte sich der Physikteil des Vorwissenstests in Verbindung mit der Hochschulzugangsberechtigungsnote als signifikanter Prädiktor für den Studienerfolg gemessen am Studienverbleib nach drei Semestern. Dieses Ergebnis stellt im Wesentlichen eine Replikation bereits bekannter Erkenntnisse dar. Es konnten erste Hinweise gefunden werden, dass sich lernzielorientierte Einstellungen positiv auf den Studienerfolg auswirken können.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Statistics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBC Social research and statistics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Taylor & Francis | Cells in Evolutionary Biology | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The rules by which anatomical size and shape are generated have intrigued scientists for centuries. In 1638, Galileo suggested a mathematical relationship between proportional changes in the shape of bones as animals increase in size, which he argued was a functional necessity for weight bearing (1914). The formalism of Galileo, whereby, physical forces and mathematical laws became integrated with studies of size and shape in biology, was most conspicuously encapsulated over a hundred years ago in the 1917 monumental tome by D’Arcy Thompson entitled, On Growth and Form (Thompson 1917). In a breathtakingly comprehensive manner, Thompson synthesized the observations of numerous predecessors and contemporaries, and through countless examples built a theoretical and experimental framework for describing changes in morphology that persists to this day (Stern and Emlen 1999; Arthur 2006).
    Keywords: cellular control ; evolution ; biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Advances in carbon Management Technologies comprises 43 chapters, in 2 volumes, contributed by experts from all over the world. Volume 1 of the book, containing 22 chapters, discusses the status of technologies capable of yielding substantial reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from major combustion sources. Such technologies include renewable energy sources that can replace fossil fuels, and technologies to capture CO2 after fossil fuel combustion or directly from the atmosphere, with subsequent permanent long-term storage. The introductory chapter emphasizes the gravity of the issues related to greenhouse gas emission-global temperature correlation, the state of the art of key technologies and the necessary emission reductions needed to meet international warming targets. Section 1 deals with global challenges associated with key fossil fuel mitigation technologies, including removing CO2 from the atmosphere, and emission measurements. Section 2 presents technological choices for coal, petroleum, and natural gas for the purpose of reducing carbon footprints associated with the utilization of such fuels. Section 3 deals with promising contributions of alternatives to fossil fuels, such as hydropower, nuclear, solar photovoltaics, and wind.
    Keywords: carbon ; energy ; renewable ; technologies ; TQ ; PS ; THX ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 98
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: An Introduction to the Standard Model of Particle Physics familiarizes readers with what is considered tested and accepted and in so doing, gives them a grounding in particle physics in general. Whenever possible, Dr. Mann takes an historical approach showing how the model is linked to the physics that most of us have learned in less challenging ar
    Keywords: Nuclear physics ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Bituminous materials are used to build durable roads that sustain diverse environmental conditions. However, due to their complexity and a global shortage of these materials, their design and technical development present several challenges. Advanced Testing and Characterisation of Bituminous Materials focuses on fundamental and performance testing
    Keywords: Civil engineering, surveying and building; Materials science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Exploring how to counteract the world's energy insecurity and environmental pollution, this volume covers the production methods, properties, storage, engine tests, system modification, transportation and distribution, economics, safety aspects, applications, and material compatibility of alternative fuels. The esteemed editor highlights the importance of moving toward alternative fuels and the problems and environmental impact of depending on petroleum products. Each self-contained chapter focuses on a particular fuel source, including vegetable oils, biodiesel, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, hydrogen, electric, fuel cells, and fuel from nonfood crops.
    Keywords: Power and Energy ; Automotive Technology and Engineering ; ENG ; MechanicalEngineering ; ENERGYANDCLEANTECH ; SCI-TECH ; STM ; Alternative Energy Sources ; Alternative Fuels ; Biodiesel ; Ethanol ; Fuel Technology ; Internal Combustion Engines ; Methanol ; Nonconventional Fuels ; Renewable Energy ; Sustainable Development ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHH Thermodynamics & heat ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TN Civil engineering, surveying & building ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TG Mechanical engineering & materials::TGB Mechanical engineering ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TH Energy technology & engineering::THX Alternative & renewable energy sources & technology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHH Thermodynamics and heat ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGB Mechanical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THV Alternative and renewable energy sources and technology
    Language: English
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