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  • Articles  (7)
  • F23 - Multinational Firms  (4)
  • J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility  (3)
  • Oxford University Press  (7)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Geography  (7)
  • Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
  • 1
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    The resilience of regional labour markets to economic shocks: Exploring the role of interactions among firms and workers (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: To date, theoretical and empirical insights in the determinants of regional resilience are still limited. Using a model, we explore how three regional factors jointly contribute to the resilience of regional labour markets to economic shocks. The localization of the supply network (1) is used to model the propagation of the shock, while possibilities for intersectoral (2) and interregional labour mobility (3) to analyse the recovery. An application of the model to Dutch data suggests that labour markets in centrally located and service-oriented regions have, on average, a higher recovery speed, irrespective of the type of shock hitting the economy.
    Keywords: J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers, O18 - Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses, R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Migrant and ethnic diversity, cities and innovation: Firm effects or city effects? (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: The growing cultural diversity caused by immigration is seen as important for innovation. Research has focused on two potential mechanisms: a firm effect, with diversity at the firm level improving knowledge sourcing or ideas generation, and a city effect, where diverse cities help firms innovate. This article uses a dataset of over 2000 UK small- and medium-sized enterprises to test between these two. Controlling for firm characteristics, city characteristics and firm and city diversity, there is strong evidence for the firm effect. Firms with a greater share of migrant owners or partners are more likely to introduce new products and processes. This effect has diminishing returns, suggesting that it is a ‘diversity’ effect rather than simply the benefits of migrant run firms. However, there is no relationship between the share of foreign workers in a local labour market or fractionalization by country of birth and firm level innovation, nor do migrant-run firms in diverse cities appear particularly innovative. But urban context does matter and firms in London with more migrant owners and partners are more innovative than others. Firms in cities with high levels of human capital are also more innovative.
    Keywords: J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers, L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm, M13 - New Firms ; Startups, R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Corporate social responsibility and labour agency: the case of Nike in Pakistan (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-18
    Description: This article examines the circumstances under which corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives facilitate and/or constrain labour agency in global production networks (GPNs). Using a case study of Nike’s CSR approach in the football manufacturing industry of Pakistan, we explore the extent to which the measures advocated in a new, emerging policy paradigm on CSR in GPNs enabled labour agency at Nike’s main football supplier factory in Pakistan. We argue that while such CSR policies can create enhanced space for labour agency, that potential agency is also shaped (i) by wider economic forces within the global economy and (ii) relationships with local/national actors and regulatory frameworks. Understanding the intersection of these dimensions becomes vital to interpreting the potential for, and activation of, labour agency within CSR-influenced GPNs.
    Keywords: F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business, J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials, J52 - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation ; Collective Bargaining, J80 - General, L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Upgrading to lead firm position via international acquisition: learning from the global biomass power plant industry (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-04
    Description: This article examines the case of a Chinese firm that has upgraded to lead firm position in the global biomass power plant industry mainly through acquisitions of technological frontier firms in Denmark. Sustaining the lead firm position was, however, challenged by difficulties in developing innovative capability. Drawing on the literature on (i) firm-level technological capability and (ii) knowledge transfer in international acquisitions, we explain the reasons for insufficient innovative capability building. Based on these empirical findings, we suggest maintaining the existing upgrading framework but applying it analytically in a more flexible manner that avoids linearity, hierarchy and segmentation while stressing the co-existence of and inter-relationships between the different types of upgrading.
    Keywords: F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business, L60 - General, O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives, R58 - Regional Development Policy
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    The effect of intra- and inter-regional labour mobility on plant performance in Denmark: the significance of related labour inflows (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-02-18
    Description: This article investigates the impact of labour mobility on plant performance in Denmark. Our study shows that the effect of labour mobility can only be assessed when one accounts for the type of skills that flow into the plant and the degree to which these match the existing skills at the plant level. As expected, we found that the inflow of skills that are related to skills in the plant impacts positively on plant productivity growth, while inflows of skills that are similar to the plant skills have a negative effect. We used a sophisticated indicator of revealed relatedness that measures the degree of skill relatedness between sectors on the basis of the intensity of labour flows between sectors. Intra-regional mobility of skilled labour had a negative effect on plant performance, but the impacts of intra- and inter-regional mobility depended on the type of skills that flow into the plant.
    Keywords: J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers, R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Co-agglomeration of knowledge-intensive business services and multinational enterprises (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-02-18
    Description: It has been argued that the relationship between knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) and multinational enterprises (MNEs) within the regional economy is advantageous for urban and regional dynamics. It is likely that KIBS aim to locate proximate to (internationally operating) MNEs because of agglomeration externalities. The impact of MNEs on the birth of KIBS has rarely been examined, and the research on the new formation of KIBS has mainly adopted a case study approach, thus limiting the opportunity for generalization. We have taken a more quantitative approach using a continuous space framework to test whether proximity is important for the co-location of KIBS and MNEs in the metropolitan area of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. Our results, controlled for other location factors, indicate that KIBS are co-agglomerated with MNEs and that the presence of a MNE significantly influences the birth of KIBS nearby, but the effect on such start-ups is considerably smaller than the positive effect of the presence of already established KIBS. We discuss the implications for urban and regional development strategies and policy initiatives.
    Keywords: F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business, L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope, L84 - Personal, Professional, and Business Services, R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Tax havens and the production of offshore FDI: an empirical analysis (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-19
    Description: While most research on foreign direct investment (FDI) focuses on the ‘real’ economy, at least 30% of global FDI stock is intermediated through tax havens. Using 2010 IMF data on FDI stocks, this article sheds new light on geographical, historical and political determinants of offshore FDI. Despite its intangibility, offshore FDI is as sensitive to physical distance as real FDI. Offshore FDI links are particularly strong between colonial powers and their current and former colonies. The OECD, while officially leading an agenda against tax evasion, internalizes significant offshore FDI within its membership. Indeed, offshore FDI is pervasive, affecting wealthy economies as much as developing countries.
    Keywords: F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business, G15 - International Financial Markets, H26 - Tax Evasion
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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