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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
  • Taylor & Francis  (5)
  • Aracne Editrice, Roma  (3)
  • Springer-Verlag  (3)
  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International
  • Nature Publishing Group
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Indonesian earthquake took place on 26 December 2004 at 00:58 GMT (moment magnitude 9.3) in the Indian Ocean, offshore the west coast of Sumatra, at a depth of about 30 km. This earthquake is one of the largest of the past 100 years, comparable only with those in Chile (1960) and Alaska (1964). The earthquake originated in the subduction zone of the Indian and Burma plates, moving at a relative velocity of 6 cm/year. The aftershocks were distributed along a plate boundary of about 1000–1300km between Sumatra and the Andaman Islands. Some hours after the earthquake a destructive tsunami followed and hit the coastlines of the surrounding regions, causing widespread destruction in Indonesia, India, Thailand and Sri Lanka. The European Space Agency (ESA) made available a data package composed of European Remote Sensing Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (ERS-SAR) and Environment Satellite Advanced SAR (ENVISAT-ASAR) data covering the affected area, acquired before (four acquisition dates) and after (five acquisition dates) the earthquake. A total of 26 frames were analysed. We used this dataset to evaluate the effects of the earthquake and tsunami on the human settlements and the physiographic conditions along the coast. The proposed method is based on a visual comparison between pre- and post-seismic SAR intensity images, and on an analysis of their correlation coefficients. No complex data were made available by the ESA to exploit phase coherence. Analysis of pre- and post-earthquake SAR backscattering showed wide uplift areas between the Andaman Islands and Simeulue Island, and large modifications of the coastline of Sumatra. Subsiding areas were detected along the southeast coast of Andaman up to the west coast of Nicobar Island. Tidal effects were filtered out of the SAR images to identify the consequences of the earthquake. Global Positioning System (GPS) stations in the Andaman provided results confirming the surface displacement pattern detected by SAR. The analysis enabled us to draw a boundary line separating the uplift and subsidence.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3891-3910
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Remote Sensing ; Synthetic Aperture Radar ; Change Detection ; Earthquake ; Tsunami ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We have illustrated the key results of the Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) analysis focused on the ground deformation of Long Valley caldera and Mono Basin, eastern California. In particular, we have applied the DInSAR algorithm referred to as Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) approach and processed 21 SAR images, spanning the time interval from 1992 to 2000, acquired from descending arbits by the ERS-1 and ERS-2 sensors of the European Space Agency (ESA). The deformation affecting the resurgent dome of Long Valley caldera has been highlighted as well as the previously unreported subsidence of the Pahoa island, located in Mono Lake.
    Description: Published
    Description: 439–441
    Description: 1.3. TTC - Sorveglianza geodetica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Ground deformation ; Long Valley caldera ; Mono Basin ; satellite radar ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Most flank eruptions within a central stratovolcano are triggered by lateral draining of magma from its central conduit, and only few eruptions appear to be independent of the central conduit. In order to better highlight the dynamics of flank eruptions in a central stratovolcano, we review the eruptive history of Etna over the last 100 years. In particular, we take into consideration the Mount Etna eruption in 2001, which showed both summit activity and a flank eruption interpreted to be independent from the summit system. The eruption started with the emplacement of a ~N-S trending peripheral dike, responsible for the extrusion of 75% of the total volume of the erupted products. The rest of the magma was extruded through the summit conduit system (SE crater), feeding two radial dikes. The distribution of the seismicity and structures related to the propagation of the peripheral dike and volumetric considerations on the erupted magmas exclude a shallow connection between the summit and the peripheral magmatic systems during the eruption. Even though the summit and the peripheral magmatic systems were independent at shallow depths (〈3 km b.s.l.), petro-chemical data suggest that a common magma rising from depth fed the two systems. This deep connection resulted in the extrusion of residual magma from the summit system and of new magma from the peripheral system. Gravitational stresses predominate at the surface, controlling the emplacement of the dikes radiating from the summit; conversely, regional tectonics, possibly related to N-S trending structures, remains the most likely factor to have controlled at depth the rise of magma feeding the peripheral eruption.
    Description: Published
    Description: 517-529
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Central volcanoes ; Summit and flank eruptions ; Dikes ; Tectonics ; Volcano load ; Mount Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Dikes within stratovolcanoes are commonly expected to have radial patterns. However, other patterns may also be found, due to regional stresses, magmatic reservoirs and topographic variations. Here, we investigate dike patterns within volcanic edifices by studying dike and fissure complexes at Somma-Vesuvius and Etna (Italy) using analogue models. At the surface, the dikes and fissures show a radial configuration. At depths of tens to several hundreds of metres, in areas exposed by erosion, tangential and oblique dikes are also present. Analogue models indicate that dikes approaching the flanks of cones, regardless of their initial orientation, reorient to become radial (parallel to the maximum gravitational stress). This re-orientation is a significant process in shallow magma migration and may also control the emplacement of dikefed fissures reaching the lower slopes of the volcano.
    Description: This work was partly financed with DPC-INGV LAVA Project.
    Description: Published
    Description: 219-223
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Dike propagation ; Central volcanic edifices ; Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Studies of past sea-level markers are commonly used to unveil the tectonic history and seismic behavior of subduction zones. We present new evidence on vertical motions of the Hellenic subduction zone as resulting from a suite of Late Pleistocene - Holocene shorelines in western Crete (Greece). Shoreline ages obtained by AMS radiocarbon dating of seashells, together with the reappraisal of shoreline ages from previous works, testify a long-term uplift rate of 2.5-2.7 mm/y. This average value, however, includes periods in which the vertical motions vary significantly: 2.6-3.2 mm/y subsidence rate from 42 ka to 23 ka, followed by ~7.7 mm/y sustained uplift rate from 23 ka to present. The last ~5 ky shows a relatively slower uplift rate of 3.0-3.3 mm/y, yet slightly higher than the long-term average. A preliminary tectonic model attempts at explaining these up and down motions by across-strike partitioning of fault activity in the subduction zone.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5677
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: coastal geomorphology ; tectonic rates ; paleoshorelines ; subduction ; Crete ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper, we describe the 1809 eruption of Mt. Etna, Italy, which represents one historical rare case in which it is possible to observe details of the internal structure of the feeder system. This is possible thanks to the presence of two large pit craters located in the middle of the eruptive fracture field that allow studying a section of the shallow feeder system. Along the walls of one of these craters, we analysed well-exposed cross sections of the uppermost 15–20 m of the feeder system and related volcanic products. Here, we describe the structure, morphology and lithology of this portion of the 1809 feeder system, including the host rock which conditioned the propagation of the dyke, and compare the results with other recent eruptions. Finally, we propose the dynamic model of the magma behaviour inside a laterally-propagating feeder dyke, demonstrating how this dynamic triggered important changes in the eruptive style (from effusive/Strombolian to phreatomagmatic) during the same eruption. Our results are also useful for hazard assessment related to the development of flank eruptions, potentially the most hazardous type of eruption from basaltic volcanoes in densely urbanized areas, such as Mt. Etna.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-11
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: feeder dyke ; basaltic volcanoes ; flank eruptions ; Etna ; volcanic hazards ; sill ; volcanic rift ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We have exploited the capability of the differential synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (DInSAR) technique, referred to as Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) approach, to analyse surface deformation at two distinct spatial scales: a low resolution, large scale, and a fine resolution, local scale. At the large scale, the technique investigates DInSAR data with a ground resolution of the order of 100m6100m and leads to generate mean deformation velocity maps and associated time series for areas extending to some thousands of square kilometres. At the local scale, the technique exploits the SAR images at full spatial resolution (typically of the order of 5m620 m), detecting and analysing localized deformation phenomena. The study is focused on the city of Rome, Italy, and we used the ERS-1/2 satellite radar data relevant to the 1995–2000 time period. The presented results demonstrate the capability of the SBAS approach to retrieve, from the low-resolution DInSAR data, large-scale deformation information leading to identify several sites affected by significant displacements. Our analysis permitted us to conclude that a major contribution to the detected displacements is due to the consolidation of the alluvial soils present in the area, mostly enforced by the buildings’ overload. Furthermore, in a selected area, a detailed analysis was carried out by exploiting the full resolution DInSAR data. In this case we investigated deformation phenomena at the scale of single buildings. As key result we showed that differential displacements of few mma21, affecting single man-made structures or building complexes, could be detected, thus allowing to identify sites that may potentially be involved in critical situations.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1665 - 1684
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Insar time series ; subsidence in urban areas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    Aracne Editrice, Roma
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Because unequivocal evidence exist in favor of the expansion of the globe through geologic time, and if the expansion of our planetary body is ongoing today and not confined to the past or episodic in time, some subtle causes must consequently exist of the inability of Geodesy in revealing a plausible expansion rate. Old critical arguments around the possibility of a vicious circle in the geodetic theoretical methods (Blinov, 1987; Scalera, 2003) has revealed their inadequacy in respect of the geometry of space geodesy. On the bases of an old argument (Scalera, 2003), it has been then developed a new more realistic one, in which it is demonstrated that spurious effects can probably bias what is believed to be systematic-error-free data. It is argued that Geodesy still has to full develop a theoretical treatment of an expanding globe
    Description: Published
    Description: 389-394
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: open
    Keywords: Expanding Earth ; Geodesy on increasing radius globe ; Decreasing curvature effects ; Systematic errors in Geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.09. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.06. Methods::05.06.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The creation of hydrocarbons is linked to tectono-geologic processes and particularly to orogenesis, rifting, overthrusts, erosion, deposition of sediments, deep gas emissions, etc.. Many have claimed the inadequacy of plate tectonics in linearly explain a number of phenomena involved in hydrocarbons generation and geological processes, and many others have defended the synthesis of hydrocarbons starting from inorganic minerals, proposing di erent geochemical processes. In this paper a possible mechanism for production of abiogenic hydrocarbons is proposed, linking it to a previously proposed orogenic isostatic model. While in plate tectonics the cold slab travels in contact with the lithosphere of the continental side, oxidizing materials faced to oxidizing materials, in this model the hightemperature reducing environment of the undepleted mantle rises up and come in contact with the relatively cold oxidizing lithospheric environment. Non-lithostatic overpressures and a number of chemical reactions are then favoured in this sort of tectonic oxidizingreducing pile, leading to a multiple origin of the hydrocarbons. The actual situation along the Italian Apennines orogenic belt seems in accord to the proposed model in which an important role should have the abiogenic hydrocarbons in particular those produced by the tectonic working at the western margin of the Adriatic plate. However, albeit a continuous accumulation of abiogenic hydrocarbons is witnessed by a number of planetary bodies of the Solar system, still no evaluation of the abiogenic/biogenic hydrocarbons rate is possible on our planet.
    Description: Published
    Description: 463-475
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: open
    Keywords: Abiogenic hydrocarbons ; Nonlithostatic overpressures ; Origin of hydrocarbons ; Earth’s expansion and ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Published
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: open
    Keywords: Expanding Earth ; Geodynamics ; Global Tectonics ; Life Evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.02. Earth rotation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book
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