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  • Books  (382)
  • Other Sources  (604)
  • American Physical Society
  • Cambridge University Press
  • Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-06-27
    Description: Non-technical summary Scenarios compatible with the Paris agreement's temperature goal of 1.5 °C involve carbon dioxide removal measures - measures that actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere - on a massive scale. Such large-scale implementations raise significant ethical problems. Van Vuuren et al. (2018), as well as the current IPCC scenarios, show that reduction in energy and or food demand could reduce the need for such activities. There is some reluctance to discuss such societal changes. However, we argue that policy measures enabling societal changes are not necessarily ethically problematic. Therefore, they should be discussed alongside techno-optimistic approaches in any kind of discussions about how to respond to climate change. Technical summary The 1.5 °C goal has given impetus to carbon dioxide removal (CDR) measures, such as bioenergy combined with carbon capture and storage, or afforestation. However, land-based CDR options compete with food production and biodiversity protection. Van Vuuren et al. (2018) looked at alternative pathways including lifestyle changes, low-population projections, or non-CO2 greenhouse gas mitigation, to reach the 1.5 °C temperature objective. Underlined by the recently published IPCC AR6 WGIII report, they show that demand-side management measures are likely to reduce the need for CDR. Yet, policy measures entailed in these scenarios could be associated with ethical problems themselves. In this paper, we therefore investigate ethical implications of four alternative pathways as proposed by Van Vuuren et al. (2018). We find that emission reduction options such as lifestyle changes and reducing population, which are typically perceived as ethically problematic, might be less so on further inspection. In contrast, options associated with less societal transformation and more techno-optimistic approaches turn out to be in need of further scrutiny. The vast majority of emission reduction options considered are not intrinsically ethically problematic; rather everything rests on the precise implementation. Explicitly addressing ethical considerations when developing, advancing, and using integrated assessment scenarios could reignite debates about previously overlooked topics and thereby support necessary societal discourse. Social media summary Policy measures enabling societal changes are not necessarily as ethically problematic as commonly presumed and reduce the need for large-scale CDR
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 2
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Law and Policy for the Quantum Age is for readers interested in the political and business strategies underlying quantum sensing, computing, and communication. This work explains how these quantum technologies work, future national defense and legal landscapes for nations interested in strategic advantage, and paths to profit for companies.
    Keywords: quantum ; quantum computing ; quantum information science ; quantum metrology ; quantum security and threat modeling ; national security ; privacy ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics::UBL Digital and information technologies: Legal aspects ; thema EDItEUR::L Law ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics::UBJ Digital and information technologies: social and ethical aspects ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFV Ethical issues and debates::JBFV5 Ethical issues: scientific, technological and medical developments ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: A comprehensive look at the interplay between artificial intelligence and international economic law (IEL), this volume is a valuable guide for scholars, students, practitioners, and policymakers in the fields of IEL, technology law, administrative law, and global AI governance. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
    Keywords: international economic law ; world trade organization ; big data ; artificial intelligence ; trade law ; privacy ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBM Public international law: economic and trade ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LB International law::LBD International law: transport, communications and commerce::LBDK International law: transnational commerce and international sale of goods law ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNR Intellectual property law ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LA Jurisprudence and general issues::LAM Comparative law
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Algorithms influence every facet of modern life. However, delegating important decisions to machines gives rise to deep moral concerns about responsibility, transparency, fairness, and democracy. This book examines these concerns by connecting them to the human value of autonomy. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
    Keywords: algorithms ; automated decision making ; law and technology ; autonomy ; agency ; information studies ; data science ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UM Computer programming / software engineering::UMB Algorithms and data structures ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFV Ethical issues and debates::JBFV5 Ethical issues: scientific, technological and medical developments ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LA Jurisprudence and general issues::LAB Methods, theory and philosophy of law ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics::UBJ Digital and information technologies: social and ethical aspects
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Once a seemingly unambiguous benefit to society, the internet is now the basis for invasions of privacy, massive concentrations of power, and manipulation. Featuring leading technology scholars, this collection examines the challenges of building networks and algorithms that benefit humanity. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
    Keywords: algorithms ; networks ; big data ; internet of things ; privacy ; information ; law and technology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UT Computer networking and communications ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UM Computer programming / software engineering::UMB Algorithms and data structures ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UD Digital Lifestyle and online world: consumer and user guides::UDB Internet guides and online services ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UR Computer security::URD Privacy and data protection ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNQ IT and Communications law / Postal laws and regulations
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This book provides an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of modern probabilistic programming and presents applications in e.g., machine learning, security, and approximate computing. Comprehensive survey chapters make the material accessible to graduate students and non-experts. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
    Keywords: theory of programming languages ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UM Computer programming / software engineering::UMX Programming and scripting languages: general ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence::UYQM Machine learning ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Many forest-related problems are considered relevant today. This Element takes stock of these issues and initiatives by analysing different forest governance modes, shifts and norms, and case studies. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
    Keywords: environmental governance ; environmental policy ; environmental law ; environmental politics ; political science ; international relations ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WZ Stationery and miscellaneous items
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Technical Summary synthesizes the science and data in the GEO-6 report, making it accessible to a broad audience of policymakers and scientists. It highlights the need for urgent action and identifies transformational pathways towards environmental and economic recovery in a post-COVID-19 era. Also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
    Keywords: environmental science ; environmental policy ; geography ; sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution and threats to the environment::RNPG Climate change ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBP Public international law: environment ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNK Environment, transport and planning law: general::LNKJ Environment law ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The Science Platform at a glance In the new version of the German Sustainable Development Strategy, the Federal Government called on the scientific community to create a platform that is systematically involved in the steering, dialogue and implementation processes of the 2030 Agenda and its sustainability architecture. In response to this, the Science Platform Sustainability 2030 was launched on 8 May 2017 and was presented to the public one day later at the 13th BMBF Forum for Sustainability. The platform is supported by three organising institutions: the Sustainable Development Solutions Network Germany (SDSN Germany), the German Committee Future Earth (DKN Future Earth) and the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS), which houses the platform’s secretariat. A steering committee consisting of 26 members from science, the business community, and civil society is responsible for the platform’s activities and operative management. The committee also links the platform with other actors from science, politics, economics and civil society in an effort to build an effective, representative and internationally anchored platform. Additional support is provided by a circle of government agencies (open to all federal ministries) – currently including the BMBF, the BMUB, the BMZ, the BMEL and the Federal Chancellery.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 10
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    Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)
    In:  IASS Study
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Die Arktis erwärmt sich substanziell schneller als der globale Durchschnitt. Der rasche Temperatur-anstieg verändert die Arktis bereits tiefgreifend - und wird dies auch weiterhin tun - mit noch unbekannten Folgen für die Region und die ganze Welt. Gleichzeitig mit dem Rückgang des Meereises und der sich verändernden Verteilung der lebenden Meeresressourcen hat eine Zunahme des wirtschaftlichen Interesses an der Region zu Bedenken hinsichtlich der Nachhaltigkeit der wirtschaftlichen Aktivitäten in der Arktis geführt. Um Wege zu finden, wie der Schutz und die nachhaltige Nutzung der arktischen Meeresumwelt gewährleistet werden können, ist ein umfassendes Verständnis der Meeresumwelt, der sie beeinflussen-den Belastungen und der relevanten Regulierungen und Managementmaßnahmen erforderlich. DasEcologic Institut und das Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies haben sich zum Ziel gesetzt, durch eine Reihe von Berichten zum Meeresschutz in der Arktis einen Überblick über die relevantenInformationen zu geben. Die Berichte konzentrieren sich auf die fünf arktischen Anrainerstaaten: Ka-nada, Dänemark (durch Grönland), Norwegen, die Russische Föderation und die Vereinigten Staaten.Darüber hinaus gibt ein regionaler Bericht einen umfassenden Überblick und fasst die einschlägigen internationalen und regionalen Vorschriften zusammen. Der vorliegende Bericht behandelt die für den Meeresschutz in der russischen Arktis relevanten Informationen. Der Bericht deckt vier Hauptthemen ab: Er beginnt mit der Beschreibung der wichtigstenMerkmale der Meeresumwelt der russischen Arktis. Anschließend werden wesentlichen Belastungen untersucht, die sich auf die marine Biodiversität in der Region auswirken, gefolgt von einer Untersuchung der soziokulturellen und wirtschaftlichen Rolle sowie der Umweltauswirkungen der wichtigsten meeresbezogenen menschlichen Aktivitäten in der russischen Arktis. Der letzte Teil des Berichts gibt einen Überblick über die relevanten nationalen Institutionen sowie über Regulierungen, Vorschriften und Instrumente, die zum Schutz der russischen arktischen Meeresbiodiversität und zur Gewährleistung ihrer nachhaltigen Nutzung eingesetzt werden oder eingesetzt werden könnten. Hinweis: Die in diesem Bericht präsentierten Informationen wurden hauptsächlich während der weltweiten Covid-19-Pandemie und vor dem russischen Einmarsch in die Ukraine im Jahr 2022 zusammengetragen. Die (weiteren) politischen und wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen dieser Ereignisse und dies ich daraus ergebenden Veränderungen in der Arktis-Governance sind zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt nichtabsehbar, und es ist zu erwarten, dass sich einige der in diesem Bericht dargestellten Entwicklungen und Trends erheblich ändern werden. Die Kernbotschaften des Berichts finden sich unter der folgenden englischen Zusammenfassung.
    Description: Global interest and activity in the Arctic have increased greatly in recent decades. The Arctic is warming three times faster than the global average. These rapidly increasing temperatures are already profoundly changing – and will continue to change – the Arctic, with yet unknown consequences for the people, environment, and economy in the region as well as worldwide (SDWG, 2021). The diminishing sea ice extent and the changing distribution of marine living resources have led to an increase in economic interest in the region as well as concerns about the sustainability of economic activities in the Arctic (Raspotnik et al., 2021). The challenge now is to identify development pathways that can ensure the sustainable use and conservation of the Arctic marine environment (SDWG, 2021). In order to identify ways in which conservation and sustainable use of the Arctic marine environment can be ensured, a broad understanding of the marine environment, the pressures affecting it, and the relevant regulations is needed. Ecologic Institute and the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies aim to provide an overview of relevant information through a series of reports on marine conservation in the Arctic. The reports focus on the five Arctic coastal states: Canada, Denmark (by virtue of Greenland), Norway, the Russian Federation, and the United States. In addition, a regional report is providing a broader overview and summarises relevant international and regional regulations. The reports were published in 2022 and are available for download on the websites of the Ecologic Institute and the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies. This current report presents an overview of information relevant to marine conservation in the Russian Arctic. The report covers four main issues: it starts with the description of the key characteristics of the Russian Arctic marine environment. Then it examines significant pressures impacting marine biodiversity in the region, followed by exploring the socio-cultural and economic role as well as the environmental impact of the main sea-based human activities in the Russian Arctic. The last part of the report describes the Russian ocean governance system and provides an overview of relevant national institutions as well as rules, regulations and tools which are, or could be, employed to protect marine biodiversity in this region and ensure its sustainable use. NB: The information presented in this report was mainly collated during the global Covid-19 pandemic and prior to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. The (further) political and economic impacts of these events and resulting changes in Arctic governance cannot be foreseen at this point in time and it can be expected that some of the developments and trends presented in this report may change substantially.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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