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  • sustainability  (444)
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: To be competitive, companies must develop capabilities that allow them to react rapidly to market demands. The innovation methods of the past are not adapted to the turbulence of the modern world. In the last decade, increasing globalization of markets and Industry 4.0 have caused profound changes in the best way to manage the innovation process. This e-book includes a collection of thirteen papers that discuss theoretical approaches, case studies, and surveys focused on issues related to open innovation and its mechanisms.
    Keywords: eco-innovation ; cleaner production ; strategy ; performance ; natural resource-based view ; stakeholder theory ; decision making ; forest management ; Nash Bayesian Equilibrium (NBE) ; Harsanyi’s Transformation (HT) ; risk management ; project management ; sustainability ; social network analysis ; collaborative networks ; project lifecycle ; project critical success factors ; open innovation ; predictive model ; project outcome likelihood ; organizational competencies ; innovation ecosystem ; evolutionary economics ; Panarchy ; resilience ; adaptation ; competitiveness ; innovation ; new products ; functional framework ; SIFSNPIP ; case studies ; ecosystem ; organic wine ; Tuscany ; virtual enterprise ; fuzzy logic ; systems engineering ; entrepreneurship ; technopreneurial intentions ; grand challenges ; innovation ecosystems ; mission-oriented innovation ; SDGs ; sustainable innovation ; systematic literature review ; SLR ; transformative innovation ; typology ; architecture engineering and construction (AEC) industry ; building information modelling (BIM) ; cultivation ; Technological Readiness Level ; smart farming ; viticulture ; lean ; business model canvas ; circular economy ; user integration ; cars ; electric vehicles ; biofuels ; logit models ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The purpose of this Special Issue was to collect and present research results and experiences on energy supply in the Visegrad Group countries. This research considers both macroeconomic and microeconomic aspects. It was important to determine how the V4 countries deal with energy management, how they have undergone or are undergoing energy transformation and in what direction they are heading. The articles concerned aspects of the energy balance in the V4 countries compared to the EU, including the production of renewable energy, as well as changes in its individual sectors (transport and food production). The energy efficiency of low-emission vehicles in public transport and goods deliveries are also discussed, as well as the energy efficiency of farms and energy storage facilities and the impact of the energy sector on the quality of the environment.
    Keywords: energy supplies ; energy security ; energy market ; EU countries ; Hellwig’s method ; sustainability strategies ; sustainable development ; Visegrád Group ; sustainable strategic management ; the renewable energy sector ; energy use ; structures ; food production systems ; Visegrad Group ; energy mix ; renewables ; energy in transport ; energetic efficiency ; energy sources ; economic growth ; developing and developed countries ; energy sector ; environmental quality ; renewable energy sources (RES) ; nuclear energy ; southeastern Poland ; sustainability ; renewable energy sources ; European Union ; cluster analysis ; Visegrad Group countries ; fuels ; cointegration ; Granger causality ; electricity prices ; households ; directions of price changes ; biogas energy ; solar energy ; hybrid biogas plant ; renewable energy ; circular economy ; off-grid systems ; energy efficiency ; social and economic aspects of energy ; economic efficiency ; low emissions ; zero emissions ; e-commerce ; last mile ; parcel lockers ; efficiency of logistics processes ; economies of scale ; simulation of logistics processes ; COVID-19 ; BESS management ; price arbitration ; shift load ; microgrid ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This reprint addresses the relationship between education and sustainability from various perspectives. The main issues discussed in the 12 collected papers are concerned with (1) the quality of education, (2) SDG policy and implementation, (3) education and societal development, (4) students’ learning, and (5) global experience.
    Keywords: bridging academics ; regional sustainability ; knowledge diffusion ; public–private partnership ; multi-node knowledge link model ; stakeholders ; paradox of Chinese learners ; learning concept ; virtue model ; mind model ; Confucian culture ; mindset intervention ; interaction ; iterative process ; persuasive ; stealthy ; education for sustainable development ; China ; education policy ; sustainable development ; ESD ; SDGs ; sustainability ; higher education ; indicators ; rankings ; assessment ; university rankings ; green universities ; green campus ; education ; learning ; educational innovation ecosystem ; education sustainability ; university-industry collaboration ; Chinese higher education ; digital age ; talents cultivation ; information literacy ; online learning process ; innovation performance ; nature education ; urban residents ; perception ; survey ; sustainable growth ; social-emotional skills ; self-management skills ; solution-focused ; Kids’Skills method ; education partnership assistance ; common prosperity ; balanced and sustainable development ; capacity building ; professional learning communities in interdisciplinary subjects ; teachers’ professional development ; teacher learning ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The World Health Organization recommends the consumption of plant foods instead of animal-origin foods due to their high levels of saturated fat and cholesterol. Consumption of plant products has led to research on the beneficial properties of their components beyond basic nutrients. Vegetable-derived peptides have shown multifunctional effects related to chronic diseases, attracting interest from the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. This reprint highlights studies on various vegetable extracts, such as chestnut, quinoa, amaranth, buckwheat, and Protium heptaphyllum gum resin, which have demonstrated antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cholesterol-regulating properties. Specific compounds derived from plants, such as methyl p-coumarate and lupin protein hydrolysate, have shown effectiveness in reducing inflammation and anxiety, respectively. A vegetable extract of rosemary has been studied for its potential to treat osteogenesis imperfecta. Moreover, this repprint reviews Lycium barbarum berries, essential oils from Annonaceae species, antioxidant compounds, phytosterols, and natural compounds for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis was discussed. Overall, these studies suggest that vegetable-derived bioactive compounds could serve as new nutraceuticals to prevent and treat a wide range of chronic diseases.
    Keywords: hypercholesterolemia ; gene expression ; HMGCR ; PCSK9 ; PPARα ; enzymatic activity ; molecular docking ; statin ; monacolin ; breu branco ; seed storage proteins ; peptides ; anti-inflammatory ; antioxidant ; trypsin inhibitors ; quinoa ; amaranth ; buckwheat ; in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion ; natural products ; Brazilian species ; essential oil ; applications ; phytosterols ; neurodegeneration ; Alzheimer’s disease ; blood brain barrier ; obesity ; oxidative stress ; dyslipidemia ; diabetes ; enzyme-assisted extraction ; plant material ; phenolic compounds ; oligosaccharides ; prebiotic ; nanocellulose ; nanofibers ; fermentation ; sustainability ; cancer ; drug delivery ; oral mucositis ; treatment ; lupin ; protein hydrolysates ; anxiety ; ApoE−/− ; functional foods ; peptidomics ; rosemary extract ; collagen type I ; unfolded protein response ; autophagy ; proteasome ; skin fibroblasts ; apoptosis ; osteogenesis imperfecta ; asthma ; methyl p-coumarate ; Th2 cytokines ; eosinophil ; NF-κB ; Castanea sativa shells ; Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) ; antimicrobial activity ; goji berries ; pro-healthy effects ; phenolics ; biological properties ; functional ingredients ; in vitro cultures ; Ruta montana ; coumarins ; alkaloids ; antibiofilm formation ; antibacterial activity ; antioxidant activity ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Keywords: achieving better buildings ; productivity ; improving the performance of materials ; housing needs ; improving the performance of existing buildings ; sustainability ; building better cities and communities
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) is one of the most important techniques for determining the quality and safety of materials, components, devices, and structures. NDT&E technologies include ultrasonic testing (UT), magnetic particle testing (MT), magnetic flux leakage testing (MFLT), eddy current testing (ECT), radiation testing (RT), penetrant testing (PT), and visual testing (VT), and these are widely used throughout the modern industry. However, some NDT processes, such as those for cleaning specimens and removing paint, cause environmental pollution and must only be considered in limited environments (time, space, and sensor selection). Thus, NDT&E is classified as a typical 3D (dirty, dangerous, and difficult) job. In addition, NDT operators judge the presence of damage based on experience and subjective judgment, so in some cases, a flaw may not be detected during the test. Therefore, to obtain clearer test results, a means for the operator to determine flaws more easily should be provided. In addition, the test results should be organized systemically in order to identify the cause of the abnormality in the test specimen and to identify the progress of the damage quantitatively.
    Keywords: composites ; multi-scale ; embedded damage ; non-destructive testing ; photoacoustic ; ultrasonic representation ; terahertz ; coded-aperture imaging ; convolution neural network (CNN) ; fast image reconstruction ; nondestructive evaluation ; acoustic nonlinearity parameter ; indirect method ; laser ultrasound ; fully non-contact ; surface acoustic wave ; UWB-PPM ; UWB-OOK ; buried objects ; nondestructive environment ; Levenberg–Marquardt method ; textured surface anomaly detection ; computer vision ; deep learning ; attention mechanism ; adaptive fusion ; power quality disturbances ; long short term memory ; convolutional neural network ; short time Fourier transform ; leaky Lamb wave ; semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) ; waveguide sensor ; finite-width plate ; waveguide plate ; width modes ; spatial beating ; Rayleigh–Sommerfeld integral (RSI) ; weld cracks ; eddy current nondestructive testing ; gradiently relative magnetic permeability ; heat affected zone ; austenitic stainless steel ; circulating fluidized bed combustion boiler ; water-cooled wall tube ; magnetic sensor array ; magnetic flux density ; flexible ultrasonic probe ; neutron irradiation embrittlement ; reactor pressure vessel ; magnetic nondestructive evaluation ; micromagnetic multiparameter microstructure and stress analysis 3MA ; magnetic adaptive testing ; 3D imaging of metal grains ; non-destructive testing methods ; stacking images ; SA106 carbon steel ; terahertz waves ; refractive index ; thickness measurement ; Shim stock films ; composite materials ; reflection mode ; neutron radiography ; Bragg-edge imaging ; gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) ; low transformation temperature (LTT) steel ; austenite-to-martensite transformation ; Debye–Waller factor ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: This Special Issue includes contributions about occupants’ sustainable living in buildings and communities, highlighting issues surrounding the sustainable development of our environments and lives by emphasizing smart and green design perspectives. This Special Issue specifically focuses on research and case studies that develop promising methods for the sustainable development of our environment and identify factors critical to the application of a sustainable paradigm for quality of life from a user-oriented perspective. After a rigorous review of the submissions by experts, fourteen articles concerning sustainable living and development are published in this Special Issue, written by authors sharing their expertise and approaches to the concept and application of sustainability in their fields. The fourteen contributions to this special issue can be categorized into four groups, depending on the issues that they address. All the proposed methods, models, and applications in these studies contribute to the current understanding of the adoption of the sustainability paradigm and are likely to inspire further research addressing the challenges of constructing sustainable buildings and communities resulting in a sustainable life for all of society.
    Keywords: sustainability ; regionalism ; climate ; unit plan ; apartment ; Singapore ; Korea ; sustainable architecture ; space syntax ; partitioning theory ; total depth ; intelligibility ; movement economies ; architecture ; building performance simulation ; performance-based design ; agent-based model ; Gaussian process ; electroencephalography ; virtual reality ; monument architecture ; stress ; data visualization ; deep learning ; smart building ; interactive experience ; “five senses” interaction ; people-oriented ; embedding ; recommender system ; collaborative filtering ; housing preference ; housing decision ; human behavior simulation ; virtual users ; social sustainability ; performance analysis ; evaluation method ; architectural design education ; eye tracking ; virtual environment ; street robbery ; CPTED ; crime prevention ; fixation count ; people with physical disabilities ; job retention ; path analysis ; perceived workplace safety ; workplace disability facilities ; work satisfaction ; social housing ; social economy actors ; Seoul ; South Korea ; sustainable development ; sustainable design ; energy efficiency ; public rental housing ; building simulation ; elderly ; biophilia ; biophilic experience ; smart home ; smart-home service ; service framework ; water distribution ; water war ; conflict ; ownership ; divided Cyprus ; blue-collar workers ; intervention study ; health promotion ; cardiovascular disease ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The sustainable management of water cycles is crucial in the context of climate change and global warming. It involves managing global, regional, and local water cycles, as well as urban, agricultural, and industrial water cycles, to conserve water resources and their relationships with energy, food, microclimates, biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and anthropogenic activities. Hydrological modeling is indispensable for achieving this goal, as it is essential for water resources management and the mitigation of natural disasters. In recent decades, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in hydrology and water resources management has led to notable advances. In the face of hydro-geo-meteorological uncertainty, AI approaches have proven to be powerful tools for accurately modeling complex, nonlinear hydrological processes and effectively utilizing various digital and imaging data sources, such as ground gauges, remote sensing tools, and in situ Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The thirteen research papers published in this Special Issue make significant contributions to long- and short-term hydrological modeling and water resources management under changing environments using AI techniques coupled with various analytics tools. These contributions, which cover hydrological forecasting, microclimate control, and climate adaptation, can promote hydrology research and direct policy making toward sustainable and integrated water resources management.
    Keywords: ANN ; roadside IoT sensors ; simulations of the gridded rainstorms ; 2D inundation simulation and real-time error correction ; weather types and features ; meteorological feature extraction ; artificial neural network ; self-organizing map (SOM) ; urban agriculture ; resource utilization efficiency ; urban northern Taiwan ; machine learning ; random forest ; regression analysis ; support vector machine ; threshold rainfall ; threshold runoff ; XGBoost ; stochastic rainfall generator ; Huff rainfall curve ; copula ; GeoAI ; artificial intelligence ; hydrological ; hydraulic ; fluvial ; water quality ; geomorphic ; modeling ; anomaly detection ; deep reinforcement learning ; telemetry water level ; time series ; ensemble ; multi-model ensemble ; precipitation ; forecasting ; persian gulf ; deep learning ; dam inflow ; RNN ; LSTM ; GRU ; hyperparameter ; rainfall time series ; artificial neural networks ; Multiple Linear Regression ; Chania ; CNN ; ELM ; temporary rivers ; hydrological extremes ; multivariate stochastic model ; autoregressive model ; Markov model ; daily temperature ; temperature generator ; Bayesian neural network ; forecasting uncertainty ; multi-step ahead forecasting ; probabilistic streamflow forecasting ; variational inference ; smart microclimate-control system (SMCS) ; system dynamics ; water–energy–food nexus ; agricultural resilience ; hydroinformatics ; hydrological modeling ; early warning ; uncertainty ; sustainability
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Anthropogenic and natural disturbances to freshwater quantity and quality are a greater issue for society than ever before. To successfully restore water resources requires understanding the interactions between hydrology, climate, land use, water quality, ecology, and social and economic pressures. This Special Issue of Water includes cutting edge research broadly addressing investigative areas related to experimental study designs and modeling, freshwater pollutants of concern, and human dimensions of water use and management. Results demonstrate the immense, globally transferable value of the experimental watershed approach, the relevance and critical importance of current integrated studies of pollutants of concern, and the imperative to include human sociological and economic processes in water resources investigations. In spite of the latest progress, as demonstrated in this Special Issue, managers remain insufficiently informed to make the best water resource decisions amidst combined influences of land use change, rapid ongoing human population growth, and changing environmental conditions. There is, thus, a persistent need for further advancements in integrated and interdisciplinary research to improve the scientific understanding, management, and future sustainability of water resources.
    Keywords: physical habitat ; aquatic ecology ; stream health ; environmental flows ; land use ; hydrology ; hydroecology ; ecohydrology ; climate change ; Appalachia ; reforestation ; land use-land cover ; land-atmosphere coupling ; water quality ; environmental perceptions ; human dimensions ; spatial models ; socioeconomics ; urban watershed management ; municipal watershed ; water quality impairment ; collaborative adaptive management ; water resources ; urban watersheds ; endocrine disrupting chemical ; opioid ; pathway analysis ; ontology ; metabolomics ; decision-making ; logit regression ; farmer perceptions ; social networks ; public funds ; water conservation adoption ; good governance ; sanitation ; sustainability ; water supply ; water-saving agriculture ; Chinese provincial input efficiency ; three-stage DEA model ; environmental variables ; Boufakrane river watershed ; remote sensing ; LULCC ; water balances ; vulnerability ; total dissolved solids ; drinking water ; Appalachian Mountains ; streamflow sensitivity ; water security ; water balance partitioning ; Budyko ; Escherichia coli ; Suspended particulate matter ; Water quality ; Land use practices ; Watershed management ; basin ; hydrologic model ; reaeration rates ; stream metabolism ; watershed ; physicochemistry ; land use practices ; experimental watershed ; suspended particulate matter ; stream water temperature ; watershed management ; bacteria ; land-use practices ; environmental persistence ; saturated hydraulic conductivity ; pedotransfer function ; model validation ; Chesapeake Bay Watershed ; experimental watershed study ; human dimensions of water ; watershed modeling ; hydrological modeling ; water pollutants ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: In recent years, new and emerging digital technologies applied to food science have been gaining attention and increased interest from researchers and the food/beverage industries. In particular, those digital technologies that can be used throughout the food value chain are accurate, easy to implement, affordable, and user-friendly. Hence, this Special Issue (SI) is dedicated to novel technology based on sensor technology and machine/deep learning modeling strategies to implement artificial intelligence (AI) into food and beverage production and for consumer assessment. This SI published quality papers from researchers in Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Spain, and Mexico, including food and beverage products, such as grapes and wine, chocolate, honey, whiskey, avocado pulp, and a variety of other food products.
    Keywords: sensory ; physicochemical measurements ; artificial neural networks ; near infra-red spectroscopy ; wine quality ; machine learning modeling ; weather ; consumer acceptance prediction ; data fusion ; emotion recognition ; facial expression recognition ; galvanic skin response ; machine learning ; neural networks ; sensory analysis ; avocado ; cultivars ; preference mapping ; sensory evaluation ; sensory descriptive analysis ; consumer science ; unifloral honeys ; botanical origin ; physicochemical parameters ; classification ; natural language processing ; deep learning ; sensory science ; flavor lexicon ; long short-term memory ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: This book is a compilation of 10 recently published academic articles addressing sustainable residential landscape design and planning across geographies, scales, and perspectives: from American rain garden design to South Korean urban forestry; from Mexican community open space design to Australian neighborhood park planning; and from Chinese urban design to Bolivian land-use change. This volume brings together authors from a growing community of landscape sustainability scholars of landscape architecture and architecture; planning and construction; ecology and horticulture; agricultural and environmental sciences; and health, exercise, and nutrition. In summary, these papers address facets of a fundamental challenge for the 21st century: the design and planning of sustainable and resilient human settlements.
    Keywords: NA1-9428 ; NX1-820 ; carbon reduction ; intergenerational engagement ; tree planting structure ; urban tree ; All-Area Integrated Development ; residential landscapes ; small towns ; rural landscape architecture ; urban commons ; demolition/relocation-oriented market model (D/RMM) ; parks ; youth at risk ; spatial theory ; wellbeing ; building energy saving ; Guatemala ; land use change ; new rural construction model (NRCM) ; substrate ; phosphorus ; green infrastructure ; Origin Farmer Indigenous Territory ; dwellings ; residential sustainability ; residential neighborhood parks ; sustainable livelihoods ; sustainability ; ecological priority ; CPTED ; ecological service ; circular economy ; action research ; urban villages transformation ; cohousing ; public space recovery ; Bolivian Amazon ; design model ; social sustainability ; community service learning ; rural revitalization ; China ; coordinated development of rural communities & ; shared resources ; rain gardens ; tactical urbanism ; climate sensitive design ; prevention of gender-based violence ; polyculture ; comfort ; Indigenous versus non-indigenous land-use ; bioretention ; monoculture ; landscape performance evaluation ; low impact development ; governance ; territory ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The book is intended to collect the recent contributions (either research or review papers) to the development of the “Materials Chemistry” research fields by the Editorial Board Members of the Materials Chemistry Section of Molecules. The aim is to present the recent progress in the fields and to highlight the key role of Materials Chemistry in a multidisciplinary research context.
    Keywords: hypergolic reactions ; sodium peroxide ; carbon nanosheets ; fullerols ; useful energy ; gold nanoparticles ; photothermal effect ; nanoink ; inkjet printing ; secure writing ; anti-counterfeit ; crosslinking polymerization (curing) ; decomposition ; degradation ; liquid and solid state ; phase transitions ; thermal analysis ; colloidal heterostructures ; seed mediated growth ; heterogeneous nucleation ; PbS/TiO2 heterostructure ; TiO2 nanocrystal defects ; antiferromagnet ; double perovskite ; high-κ dielectric ; nickel ; tellurium ; tungsten ; central nervous system (CNS) ; blood–brain barrier (BBB) ; self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles ; intranasal delivery ; biodistribution ; dendrimers ; microwaves ; hexaazatrinaphthylenes ; graphene nanoplatelets ; honeycomb structures ; modified couple stress theory ; quasi-3d hyperbolic shear deformation theory ; sandwich structures ; vibration analysis ; polymer-derived ceramics ; nanocomposites ; TiN ; TiC ; Si3N4 ; SiC ; structural properties ; cross-coupling reactions ; microwave irradiation ; ultrasounds ; mechanochemistry ; solvent-free ; water ; ionic liquids ; deep eutectic solvents ; sustainability ; nanomaterials ; electrochemical sensors ; hydroxycinnamic acids ; caffeine ; nitrite ; lead halide perovskites ; sensors ; photoluminescence ; amplified spontaneous emission ; thin films ; hybrid hydrogels ; controlled drug delivery ; protein crystallization ; lysozyme ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Photoacoustic (or optoacoustic) imaging, including photoacoustic tomography (PAT) and photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), is an emerging imaging modality with great clinical potential. PAI’s deep tissue penetration and fine spatial resolution also hold great promise for visualizing physiology and pathology at the molecular level. PAI combines optical contrast with ultrasonic resolution, and is capable of imaging at depths of up to 7 cm with a real-time scalable spatial resolution of 10 to 500 µm. PAI has demonstrated applications in brain imaging and cancer imaging, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer etc. This Special Issue focuses on the novel technological developments and pre-clinical and clinical biomedical applications of PAI. Topics include but are not limited to: brain imaging; cancer imaging; image reconstruction; quantitative imaging; light source and delivery for PAI; photoacoustic detectors; nanoparticles designed for PAI; photoacoustic molecular imaging; photoacoustic spectroscopy.
    Keywords: photoacoustic imaging ; tomography ; thermoacoustic ; radio frequency ; image quality assessment ; image formation theory ; image reconstruction techniques ; sparsity ; signal processing ; deconvolution ; empirical mode decomposition ; signal deconvolution ; photoacoustics ; tissue characterization ; absorption ; Photoacoustic Computed Tomography (PACT) ; ring array ; fast imaging ; low cost ; photoacoustic tomography ; full-field detection ; wave equation ; final time inversion ; uniqueness ; stability ; iterative reconstruction ; 3D photoacoustic tomography ; full-view illumination and ultrasound detection ; photoacoustic coplanar ; quartz bowl ; correlation matrix filter ; time reversal operator ; photo-acoustic tomography ; reflection artifacts ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; time reversal ; Landweber algorithm ; U-net ; optoacoustic imaging ; respiratory gating ; motion artifacts ; full-ring illumination ; diffused-beam illumination ; point source illumination ; ultrasound tomography (UST) ; photoacoustic tomography (PAT) ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book is relevant to architects, urban designers, planners, and policy makers concerned with enhancing climate-sensitive urban form and planning. It discusses building and neighborhood design: layout and design features that maximize energy efficiency and thermal comfort without compromising the ability of other buildings to enjoy similar benefits; the use of interstitial spaces (piazzas, streets, and parks) to improve the microclimate at the neighbourhood-level; design intervention case studies; innovative uses of interstitial spaces to improve the local climate at the neighborhood level; and urban radiative cooling solutions to mitigate the unintended climate consequences of urban growth and suggestions for ways forward.
    Keywords: cooling effect ; urban park ; thermal comfort ; physiological equivalent temperature ; perceived thermal comfort ; urban heat island ; air temperature ; sustainable cities ; smart cities ; urban health ; global warming ; urban green spaces ; sustainable urban development ; climate change mitigation and adaptation ; urban resilience  ; heatwaves ; urban overheating ; urban heat island intensity ; energy budget equation ; sensible heat flux ; latent heat flux ; advective heat flux ; Australian climatic conditions ; coastal cities ; desert climate ; surface urban heat island effect ; land use/land cover ; partial least square regression ; nonlinear programming ; Shanghai ; China ; urban form ; urban microclimate design ; city ; sustainability ; sustainable development ; cool roof ; passive radiative cooling ; metamaterials ; prototype ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHH Thermodynamics & heat
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This book brings together recent research related to urban resilience, in particular, taking into account climate change impacts and hydrological hazards. Due to the complexity of our cities, which are vulnerable and continuously evolving systems, urban resilience should be considered as a transversal and multi-sectorial issue, affecting different urban services, several hazards, and all the steps of the risk management cycle. Within this context, the different pieces of research that form this book deal with the topics of multi-risk and urban resilience assessment, analysis of cascading effects, and the proposal and prioritization of adaptation measures and strategies to cope with climate-related hazards through multi-criteria analysis.
    Keywords: RESCCUE project ; Electrical distribution network ; Flooding ; Risk Assessment ; city resiliency ; GIS model ; drought ; water scarcity ; water availability ; climate change ; hydrological modeling ; resilience ; flooding ; hazard mapping ; risk identification ; sustainability ; urban resilience ; traffic modelling ; resilience assessment ; urban services ; cities ; Ecosystem Services (ES) ; Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) ; Resilience Assessment Framework (RAF) ; stakeholders’ validation ; stormwater management and control ; depth‒damage curves ; urban floods ; properties ; claims ; flood expert surveyor ; fluvial ; pluvial ; tidal ; sewer ; flood ; risk ; modelling ; cascading effects ; urban flood ; water quality ; cost-benefit analysis ; combined sewer overflows ; climate change adaptation ; climate risk ; socio-economic assessment ; flood risk assessment ; 1D/2D hydrodynamic model ; Metro system ; subway ; urban mobility ; pluvial floods ; 1D/2D coupled models ; impact assessment ; adaptation strategies ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book covers the latest development of bioprocess technology including theoretical, numerical, and experimental approaches in biotechnology as well as green technology that bridge conventional practices and Industry 4.0. Bioprocessing is one of the key factors in several emerging industries of biofuels, used in the production of biogas, bioethanol, and biodiesel; industrial enzymes; waste management through biotechnology; new vaccines; and many more. It is hoped that the novel bioprocess and green biotechnologies presented in this book are useful in assisting the global community in working towards fulfilling the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of the United Nations.
    Keywords: extraction ; leaf ; liquid biphasic flotation ; polygonum ; protein ; date fruits ; proximate analysis ; physico-chemical characteristics ; date sugar ; phytoconstituents ; amino acids ; biomaterials ; Ficus carica ; diabetes mellitus ; proteomics ; sperm quality ; bioeconomy ; bioprocesses ; applications ; policy ; social welfare ; sustainability ; nanofiltration ; lipase ; Fusarium heterosporum ; fatty acid methyl ester ; electronics package ; induction heating ; magnetic field ; electric field ; TM110 single-mode cavity ; solder ; eddy current ; GABA ; fermented food ; functional food ; non-protein amino acid ; soy sauce fermentation ; lignocellulosic biomass ; holocellulose ; CMC ; degree of substitution ; excipient ; non-edible ; oil ; biodiesel production ; fuel ; Lactobacillus isolation ; lag phase ; bacteria sequencing ; breast milk ; chitosan ; co-loaded nanoparticles ; hydrophobic modification ; l-ascorbic acid ; thymoquinone ; sustainable supply chain management (SSSCM) ; social sustainability ; qualitative research ; Pakistan ; biohydrogen production ; immobilised cells ; entrapment ; alginate ; activated carbon ; carbon dioxide ; culture media ; microorganism ; optimization ; plant growth promoting rhizobacteria ; oil palm seedlings nursery ; biofertilizers ; chemical fertilizer ; n/a ; sago hampas ; amylase ; cellulase ; substrate feeding ; saccharification ; biomass ; waste cooking oil ; green fuel ; biodiesel ; heterogeneous catalyst ; deoxygenation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Food waste is becoming an important and growing concern at both local and global levels. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), one-third of all food production is wasted globally, and in particular, 1.3 billion tons of food produced for human consumption is wasted per year, representing an economic loss of EUR 800 billion. The main foods wasted are represented by vegetables, fruits, meat, and fish. Considering the high availability and the composition of food waste, there is an increasing interest in their bio-valorization. Moreover, according to the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 12 and 13), an appropriate waste management represents an essential prerequisite for the sustainable development.This reprint collects interesting manuscripts regarding innovative research focused on food waste valorization through fermentation processes for obtaining value-added products such as enzymes, feed additives, biofuels, animal feeds as well as other useful chemicals or products, food-grade pigments, and single-cell protein (SCP), enhancing food security and environmentally sustainable development.
    Keywords: industrial food waste ; valorization ; biorefinery ; bioenergy ; biobased materials ; promotion policy ; rice husk ; pyrolysis ; porous biochar ; pore property ; surface composition ; microbial red pigment ; Monascus purpureus ; simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation ; sustainability ; whey ; RSM ; bioethanol ; yeast fermentation ; sugar beet molasses ; industrial by-product ; scale-up ; agricultural waste ; wastewater ; microbial fuel cell ; techno-economic ; commercialization ; life cycle assessment ; Neurospora intermedia ; bread ; process development ; cheese whey ; Aspergillus awamori ; β-galactosidase ; lactose hydrolysis ; Acetobacter xylinum ; bacterial cellulose ; biosurfactant ; bioemulsifier ; waste frying oil ; Bacillus cereus ; food additives ; cookie ; microalgae ; DHA ; lignocellulosic biomass ; organosolv fractionation ; liquid fraction ; solid pulp ; omega-3 fatty acids ; soap ; olives ; olive oil ; fermentation ; food waste ; fish waste ; citrus peel ; aquafeed ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Lactobacillus reuteri ; whey product ; proteins ; ultrafiltration ; nanofiltration ; keratinocytes scratch assay ; mozzarella cheese manufacturing ; pressing residue ; grape ; apple ; silage ; animal production ; enzyme production ; polyphenols ; Juglans regia L. ; walnut green husk ; agricultural wastes ; soil conditions ; glucans ; pectins ; Aspergillus oryzae ; rice hull ; paper mill wastewater ; bioremediation ; amylase ; solid-state fermentation (SSF) ; goat feeding ; durian peel ; silage additives ; propionate ; methane mitigation ; nitrogen balance ; waste management ; biofuel production ; circular economy ; single cell protein ; value-added product ; food and feed production ; yeast ; probiotics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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  • 18
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The bioeconomy initially focused on resource substitution, including the production of biomass from various resources; its conversion, fractionation, and processing by means of biotechnology; and chemistry and process engineering towards the production and marketing of food, feed, fuel, and fibre. Nevertheless, although resource substitution is still considered important, the emphasis has been recently shifted to the biotechnological innovation perspective of the bioeconomy, in terms that ensure environmental sustainability. It is estimated that around one-third of the food produced for human consumption is wasted throughout the world, posing not only a sustainability problem related to food security but also a significant environmental problem. Food waste streams, mainly derived from fruits and vegetables, cereals, oilseeds, meat, dairy, and fish processing, have unavoidably attracted the interest of the scientific community as an abundant reservoir of complex carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and functional compounds, which can be utilized as raw materials for added-value product formulations. This Special Issue focuses on innovative and emerging food and by-products processing methods for the sustainable transition to a bioeconomy era.
    Keywords: TP248.13-248.65 ; T1-995 ; ash content ; sorghum milling waste ; lipids ; compost ; oleic acid ; microbial oil ; bioprocess development ; glucoamylase ; fatty acid methyl esters ; oleaginous yeast ; integrated biorefineries ; biorefineries ; hydrophobic substrates ; food processing ; hydrophilicity ; biodiesel ; films ; biodegradability ; clarified butter sediment waste ; submerged fungal fermentation ; blood plasma protein powder ; Morchella ; hydrogels ; heat-induced gelation ; sustainability ; bacterial cellulose ; bioprocesses ; circular economy ; olive waste ; prebiotics ; Rhodosporidium toruloides ; carotenoids ; waste valorization ; glucosamine ; food-processing ; size exclusion chromatography (SEC) ; bioeconomy ; food waste valorization ; whey proteins ; arabinoxylan ; Ostwald ripening ; emulsion ; emulsifier ; food biotechnology ; drying method ; polysaccharides ; food packaging ; texture ; lactose esters ; morel mushrooms ; circular-economy ; solid state fermentation ; bioactive compounds ; edible films ; hydrolysis ; Aspergillus awamori ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: This edited volume contains 18 articles published in Sustainability from late 2018 to early 2021. During that time, the world faced the fatal and widespread health crisis, COVID-19, which had threatened the social and public health systems at every corner for quite some time.As the Guest-Editors and also a contributing authors, we are glad that the academic contents from the Special Issue will now be put together in this volume, making the authors' hard work and efforts accessible to the larger audience.
    Keywords: mobile phone penetration ; divorce rate ; marital happiness ; well-being ; physical exercises and sports ; sex ; educational background ; social public health ; health communication ; sleep hygiene ; health ; old people ; association ; logistic regression ; periodic general health examination ; fear of illness detection ; Vietnam ; depression ; acculturation stress ; social connectedness ; international students ; university students ; ASSIS ; Mindsponge ; multicultural ; emotional labor ; surface acting ; emotional dissonance ; occupational stress ; moderated mediation ; hospital ; rural and urban hospitals ; healthcare ; sustainable rural health ; the financial condition ; government health expenditure (GHE) efficiency ; data envelopment analysis (DEA) method ; Moran’s I value ; spatial spillover effect (SSE) ; spatial Durbin model (SDM) ; diet ; nutrition ; intake ; public health ; health professionals ; dietary risk ; depressive disorder ; university student ; scientific output ; international collaboration ; funding ; Korea ; Japan ; China ; scientific impact ; scientific quality ; coronavirus ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; pandemic ; policy response ; social media ; science journalism ; public health system ; healthcare systems ; aged populations ; job insecurity ; health and consumption indicators ; gender inequalities ; sustainable preventive policies ; readmission ; social capital ; economics ; mental health ; drug abuse ; space–health nexus ; older women ; spatial planning perspective ; interdisciplinary expert dialogue ; retrospective qualitative study ; knowledge transfer ; health policy analysis ; efficiency ; gender ; CEO ; top management team (TMT) ; data envelopment analysis (DEA) ; truncated regression ; bootstrap ; upper echelon theory ; public health authorities ; public communication ; risk communication ; social networks ; lockdown ; crisis ; COVID-19 pandemic ; sustainability ; NSP ; harm reduction ; harm minimization ; low threshold settings ; PWID ; sustainable implementation qualities ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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  • 20
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent years, the implementation of sustainable concrete systems has been a topic of great interest in the field of construction engineering worldwide, as a result of the large and rapid increase in carbon emissions and environmental problems resulting from traditional concrete production and industry. For example, the uses of supplementary cementitious materials, geopolymer binder, recycled aggregate and industrial/agricultural wastes in concrete are all approaches to building a sustainable concrete system. However, such materials have inherent flaws due to their variety of sources, and exhibit very different properties compared with traditional concrete. Therefore, they require specific modifications in preprocessing, design, and evaluation before use in concrete. This reprint, entitled “Advances in Sustainable Concrete System”, covers a broad range of advanced concrete research in environmentally friendly concretes, cost-effective admixtures, and waste recycling, specifically including the design methods, mechanical properties, durability, microstructure, various models, hydration mechanisms, and practical applications of solid wastes in concrete systems.
    Keywords: high-strength concrete ; energy evolution ; elastic strain energy ; brittleness evaluation index ; concrete ; humidity ; moisture absorption ; moisture desorption ; numerical simulation ; acoustic emission ; AE rate process theory ; corrosion rate ; damage evolution ; axial load ; precast concrete structure ; lattice girder semi-precast slabs ; bending resistance ; FE modelling ; concrete damage ; GSP ; high strength ; hydration ; strength ; penetrability ; rice husk ash ; sustainable concrete ; artificial neural networks ; multiple linear regression ; eco-friendly concrete ; green concrete ; sustainable development ; artificial intelligence ; data science ; machine learning ; bagasse ash ; mechanical properties ; natural coarse aggregate ; recycled coarse aggregate ; two-stage concrete ; materials design ; recycled concrete ; crumb rubber concrete ; crumb rubber ; NaOH treatment ; lime treatment ; water treatment ; detergent treatment ; compressive strength ; materials ; adhesively-bonded joint ; temperature aging ; residual strength ; mechanical behavior ; failure criterion ; steel slag powder ; compound activator ; mortar strength ; orthogonal experiment ; GM (0, N) model ; ultrafine metakaolin ; silica fume ; durability ; fiber-reinforced concrete ; damage mechanism ; uniaxial tension ; cracked concrete ; crack width ; crack depth ; tortuosity ; sustainability ; concrete composites ; sulfate and acid attacks ; WPFT fibers ; coal gangue ; gradation ; cement content ; unconfined compressive strength ; freeze–thaw cycle ; minimum energy dissipation principle ; three-shear energy yield criterion ; damage variable ; constitutive model ; phosphorus slag ; limestone ; sulphate-corrosion resistance ; volume deformation ; blast furnace ferronickel slag ; alkali-activated material ; dosage of activator ; reactive powder concrete ; beam-column joint ; FE modeling ; crack ; cementitious gravel ; fly ash ; age ; optimal dosage ; bamboo ; sawdust ; pretreatment ; bio-based material ; mechanical property ; self-compacting concrete ; supplementary cementitious materials ; hydration mechanisms ; microstructure ; fresh properties ; synthetic polymer ; high temperature ; bentonite-free drilling fluid ; rheology ; filtration ; FRP reinforced concrete slab ; punching shear strength ; SHAP ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKX Conservation of buildings and building materials
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  • 21
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: In light of the considerable impact of global food supply chains on climate change, more sustainable ways of producing, distributing, and consuming food appear critical for sustainable development. With the aim of contributing to this topic, this Special Issue on sustainable food consumption and food marketing addresses various relevant issues related to food consumption, including innovative and sustainable forms of food production and consumption, animal welfare and meat consumption, price transmission, social media communication, alternative food production, and organic agriculture, among others. As such, this Special Issue sheds light on more sustainable and carbon-friendly food production and consumption systems from various angles. It delivers valuable scientific evidence for the transformation of current carbon-based food supply chains to more eco-friendly, fair, and future-oriented food supply chains.
    Keywords: aquaponics ; Structural Equation Modeling ; consumer behavior ; purchase intention ; willingness to pay ; sustainability ; food market ; veganic ; vegan-organic ; vegan ; stockless ; attitudes ; environmental marketing ; green product ; green consumer ; green purchase decision ; consumer behaviour ; theory of planned behaviour ; sustainable consumption ; Bangladesh ; out-of-home catering ; sustainable nutrition ; variety seeking ; spontaneous choice ; company canteens ; trust ; social media ; small and medium enterprises ; Bresse Gauloise ; choice experiment ; dual-purpose breeds ; faba beans ; Kollbecksmoor ; theory of planned behavior ; Vorwerkhuhn ; White Rock ; green products ; palm oil free ; structural equation modeling ; SEM ; sustainable food consumption ; food waste ; theoretical framework ; food tourism ; community-based tourism ; sustainable development ; community engagement ; rural development ; food heritage ; carbon-friendly food ; emotions ; animal welfare ; cured ham ; discrete choice experiment ; latent construct model ; market instability ; nonlinear empirical dynamics ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book includes impactful chapters which present scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and ideas on sensing technologies and machine learning techniques. These are relevant in tackling the following challenges: (i) the field readiness and use of intrusive sensor systems and devices for capturing biosignals, including EEG sensor systems, ECG sensor systems and electrodermal activity sensor systems; (ii) the quality assessment and management of sensor data; (iii) data preprocessing, noise filtering and calibration concepts for biosignals; (iv) the field readiness and use of nonintrusive sensor technologies, including visual sensors, acoustic sensors, vibration sensors and piezoelectric sensors; (v) emotion recognition using mobile phones and smartwatches; (vi) body area sensor networks for emotion and stress studies; (vii) the use of experimental datasets in emotion recognition, including dataset generation principles and concepts, quality insurance and emotion elicitation material and concepts; (viii) machine learning techniques for robust emotion recognition, including graphical models, neural network methods, deep learning methods, statistical learning and multivariate empirical mode decomposition; (ix) subject-independent emotion and stress recognition concepts and systems, including facial expression-based systems, speech-based systems, EEG-based systems, ECG-based systems, electrodermal activity-based systems, multimodal recognition systems and sensor fusion concepts and (x) emotion and stress estimation and forecasting from a nonlinear dynamical system perspective.
    Keywords: subject-dependent emotion recognition ; subject-independent emotion recognition ; electrodermal activity (EDA) ; deep learning ; convolutional neural networks ; automatic facial emotion recognition ; intensity of emotion recognition ; behavioral biometrical systems ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; driving stress ; electrodermal activity ; road traffic ; road types ; Viola-Jones ; facial emotion recognition ; facial expression recognition ; facial detection ; facial landmarks ; infrared thermal imaging ; homography matrix ; socially assistive robot ; EEG ; arousal detection ; valence detection ; data transformation ; normalization ; mental stress detection ; electrocardiogram ; respiration ; in-ear EEG ; emotion classification ; emotion monitoring ; elderly caring ; outpatient caring ; stress detection ; deep neural network ; convolutional neural network ; wearable sensors ; psychophysiology ; sensor data analysis ; time series analysis ; signal analysis ; similarity measures ; correlation statistics ; quantitative analysis ; benchmarking ; boredom ; emotion ; GSR ; classification ; sensor ; face landmark detection ; fully convolutional DenseNets ; skip-connections ; dilated convolutions ; emotion recognition ; physiological sensing ; multimodal sensing ; flight simulation ; activity recognition ; physiological signals ; thoracic electrical bioimpedance ; smart band ; stress recognition ; physiological signal processing ; long short-term memory recurrent neural networks ; information fusion ; pain recognition ; long-term stress ; electroencephalography ; perceived stress scale ; expert evaluation ; affective corpus ; multimodal sensors ; overload ; underload ; interest ; frustration ; cognitive load ; stress research ; affective computing ; human-computer interaction ; deep convolutional neural network ; transfer learning ; auxiliary loss ; weighted loss ; class center ; stress sensing ; smart insoles ; smart shoes ; unobtrusive sensing ; stress ; center of pressure ; regression ; signal processing ; arousal ; aging adults ; musical genres ; emotion elicitation ; dataset ; emotion representation ; feature selection ; feature extraction ; computer science ; virtual reality ; head-mounted display ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 23
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The reprint focuses on the latest research in cybersecurity and data science. Digital transformation turns data into the new oil, so the increasing availability of big data, structured and unstructured datasets, raises new challenges in cybersecurity, efficient data processing and knowledge extraction. The field of cybersecurity and data science fuels the data-driven economy. Innovations in this field require strong foundations in mathematics, statistics, machine learning and information security. The unprecedented increase in the availability of data in many fields of science and technology (e.g., genomic data, data from industrial environments, network traffic, streaming media, sensory data of smart cities, and social network data) ask for new methods and solutions for data processing, information extraction and decision support. This stimulates the development of new methods of data analysis, including those adapted to the analysis of new data structures and the growing volume of data. The papers included in this reprint discuss various topics ranging from cyberattacks, steganography, anomaly detection, evaluation of the attacker skills, modelling of the threats, and wireless security evaluation, as well as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Given this diversity of topics the book represents a valuable reference for researchers in cybersecurity security and data science.
    Keywords: steganography ; network security ; steganography detection ; steganalysis ; machine learning ; big data ; IoT ; pattern mining ; wireless communications ; covert channel ; dirty constellation ; wireless postmodulation steganography ; phase drift ; drift correction modulation ; undetectability ; security ; quadrature amplitude modulation ; spam ; phishing ; classification ; augmented dataset ; multi-language emails ; cybersecurity ; data protection ; SoC ; threat agents ; motivation ; opportunity ; capability ; user profiling ; implicit ; modeling ; real-time user monitoring ; complexity threat agent ; threat assessment ; network traffic analysis ; convolutional neural networks ; network traffic images ; visualization of traffic ; classifiers ; e-mail ; ham ; data science ; datasets ; cyber threats modeling ; multi-agent systems ; cyber deception ; pseudorandom sequences generators ; prime numbers ; additive Fibonacci generator ; statistical characteristics ; android device ; BrainShield ; hybrid model ; malware detection ; Omnidroid ; image processing ; BOSS database ; ensemble classifier ; deep learning ; stegomalware ; traffic analysis ; network probe ; hash function ; SHA-3 ; FPGA ; cognitive security ; cyberattacks ; game software ; threat matrix computing ; evaluation function ; data modeling ; authentication ; bit template ; information-processing electronic device ; Poisson pulse sequences generators ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Animal production (e.g., milk, meat, and eggs) provides valuable protein production for human beings and animals. However, animal production is facing several challenges worldwide such as environmental impacts and animal welfare/health concerns. In animal farming operations, accurate and efficient monitoring of animal information and behavior can help analyze the health and welfare status of animals and identify sick or abnormal individuals at an early stage to reduce economic losses and protect animal welfare. In recent years, there has been growing interest in animal welfare. At present, sensors, big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence are used to improve management efficiency, reduce production costs, and enhance animal welfare. Although these technologies still have challenges and limitations, the application and exploration of these technologies in animal farms will greatly promote the intelligent management of farms. Therefore, this Special Issue will collect original papers with novel contributions based on technologies such as sensors, big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence to study animal behavior monitoring and recognition, environmental monitoring, health evaluation, etc., to promote intelligent and accurate animal farm management.
    Keywords: pig weight ; body size ; estimation ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; pig identification ; mask scoring R-CNN ; soft-NMS ; group-housed pigs ; audio ; dairy cow ; mastication ; jaw movement ; forage management ; precision livestock management ; equine behavior ; wearable sensor ; intermodality interaction ; class-balanced focal loss ; absorbing Markov chain ; cow behavior analysis ; prediction of calving time ; cow identification ; EfficientDet ; YOLACT++ ; cascaded model ; instance segmentation ; generative adversarial network ; machine learning ; automated medical image processing ; deep neural network ; animal science ; CT scans ; computer vision ; cow ; extensive livestock ; sensorized wearable device ; monitoring ; parturition prediction ; radar sensors ; radar signal processing ; animal farming ; computational ethology ; signal classification ; wavelet analysis ; dairy welfare ; hierarchical clustering ; mutual information ; precision livestock farming ; time budgets ; unsupervised machine learning ; wearables design ; animal-centered design ; animal telemetry ; modularity ; smart collar ; design contributions ; additive manufacturing ; low-frequency tracking ; commercial aviary ; laying hens ; false registrations ; tree-based classifier ; animal behaviour ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: We invite you to read the Special Issue on innovation for sustainable business. It is a collection of 7 articles published in a Special Issue of Sustainability MDPI in 2021-2022. Many of the articles in this reprint are related to leadership. In the context of sustainable development, issues such as dynamic capabilities, CSR, succession management and innovative projects were addressed. Sustainable innovation is also considered from other perspectives. One of them is the topic of introducing sustainable innovations to new ventures. In addition, drivers and impacts of eco-innovation were also examined. There was also research in the area of ​​live commerce, which includes the perspective of consumer behavior.
    Keywords: dynamic capabilities ; eco-innovation ; leadership ; corporate social responsibility ; the attitude of future managers towards CSR ; ethical aspects of companies’ operations ; sustainability ; green technologies ; environmental innovation ; industry ; Brazil ; capability ; organization ; survival ; workforce ; live commerce ; hunger marketing ; perceived trust ; perceived value ; impulse buying behavior ; Sustainable Industry 4.0 ; innovative projects ; interdisciplinarity ; project team competencies ; sustainable innovation ; knowledge search ; organizational learning ; strategic flexibility ; new ventures ; QCA ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 26
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This reprint focuses on the position of sustainability in engineering and points to the multidimensionality of the issue. Architecture, civil and engineering issues are main themes of discussion, with special attention to research and design. Attention is focused on four thematic groups: energy (including energy harvesting), economy (including building circularity), pro-health activities, and design.
    Keywords: CFD ; mechanical ventilation ; industrial buildings ; thermal comfort ; air quality ; natural environment ; construction sector ; steel ; sustainable development ; cradle-to-gate with options ; Life Cycle Assessment ; life cycle costs ; maintenance costs ; warranty period ; number of use cycles ; building circularity assessment ; material flow model ; building circularity material passport ; building circularity calculation method ; adaption ; landscape pattern ; local microclimate ; comprehensive analysis ; morphological parameters ; space syntax ; façade configuration ; visual perception ; built heritage ; Kaunas ; cultural sustainability ; PV system ; social acceptability ; system dynamics ; CO2 emissions ; feed-in-tariffs ; subsidy policy ; water management ; housing environment quality ; multi-family settlements ; Bio-Morpheme ; greenery ; automated design ; plant selector ; sustainability ; algorithmic design ; landscape design ; BIM ; green BIM ; city breathability ; urban ventilation ; urban air quality management ; blue-green infrastructure ; integrated urban planning ; economic analysis ; marketplace regeneration ; optimisation ; spatial analysis ; urban design ; vibration ; energy harvesting ; green gardens ; multifunctionality ; plus-energy building ; thermal stack ; solar energy ; integrated design ; prefabricated rural housing ; PEST ; entropy weighted TOPSIS ; implementation potential ; Chongqing ; n/a ; urban planning ; building layout ; energy demand ; climate ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 27
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue covers a wide range of areas—including building orientation, service life, use of photocatalytically active structures and PV facades, implications of transportation system, building types (i.e., high rise, multilevel, commercial, residential), life cycle assessment, and structural engineering—that need to be considered in the environmental impact assessment of buildings, and the chapters include case studies across the globe. Consideration of these strategies would help reduce energy and material consumption, environmental emissions, and waste generation associated with all phases of a building’s life cycle. Chapter 1 demonstrates that green star concrete exhibits the same structural properties as conventional concrete in Australia. Chapter 2 showed that the use of TiO2 as a photocatalyst on the surface of construction materials with a suitable stable binding agent, such as aggregates, would enable building walls to absorb NOx from air. This study found that TiO2 has the potential to reduce ambient concentrations of NOx from areas where this pollutant becomes concentrated under solar irradiation. Chapter 3 presents the life cycle assessment of architecturally integrated glass–glass photovoltaics in building facades to find the appropriate material composition for a multicolored PV façade offering improved environmental performance. Chapter 4 shows that urban office buildings lacking appropriate orientation experienced indoor overheating. Chapter 5 details four modeling approaches that were implemented to estimate buildings’ response towards load shedding. Chapter 6 covers the life cycle GHG emissions of high-rise residential housing block to discover opportunities for environmental improvement. Chapter 7 discusses an LCA framework that took into account variation in the service life of buildings associated with the use of different types of materials. Chapter 8 presents a useful data mining algorithm to conduct life cycle asset management in residential developments built on transport systems.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; wash water ; greenhouse gases ; environmental life cycle assessment ; sustainable-development ; transit-policy ; public-engagement ; Multilevel buildings ; building integrated photovoltaic ; slag ; operational energy ; life-cycle social analysis ; building ; travel-satisfaction ; TEASER ; BIPV ; photocatalytic construction materials ; functionalized aggregate ; green star concrete ; work-commute ; shallow plan forms ; life cycle assessment ; recycled aggregate ; environmental remediation ; block of buildings ; rain cladding ; LCA ; sustainability ; peak shaving ; residential building ; indoor overheating ; LCI ; air pollution ; environmental performance ; service life ; nitric oxides ; thermal model ; coloured glass ; demand response ; modal-variability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 28
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Modern materials and structures are significantly different from conventional ones. Their sizes can be orders of magnitude smaller, and their compositions are so sophisticated that traditional characteristic methods are inapplicable. Non-conventional methods are essential to tackle these issues, which must often be approached in an interdisciplinary fashion. This Special Issue is a collection of articles that shed light on these problems.
    Keywords: analytical solution ; Fourier cosine series ; vibrations ; FGM rectangular plates ; Mindlin plate theory ; phased array transducer ; transducer optimization ; beam focusing ; pulse–echo mode ; harmonic generation ; stress-free boundary ; total correction ; acoustic emission ; electrical resistance ; damage monitoring ; criticality ; natural time analysis ; nonlinear parameter ; noncontact reception ; air-coupled receiver ; aluminum samples ; corrections ; field theory ; deformation and fracture ; 7075 aluminum alloy ; electronic speckle pattern interferometry ; concrete beam ; bending ; cementitious matrix ; FRCM ; analytical model ; numerical model ; linear low-density polyethylene ; digital image correlation ; optical non-destructive testing ; speckle ; fourier scaling theorem ; gaussian filtering ; optical methods ; AlSi10Mg ; SLM ; NDE ; deep learning ; CNN ; k-fold cross validation ; non-destructive testing ; optical interferometry ; residual stress ; thermal expansion ; elasticity ; high entropy alloys ; complex concentrated alloys ; refractory metal intermetallic composites ; high entropy phases ; complex concentrated phases ; Nb silicide-based alloys ; alloy design ; biomechanics ; Achilles tendon ; beam-to-beam contact ; arbitrary cross-section ; ANCF ; lithium-ion batteries ; redox-active organic anode ; organic anode materials ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
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  • 29
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Over the last two decades, the literature on political participation has flourished, reflecting the increasing use of diverse modes of citizen involvement. These include established modes of participation, such as voting, protests, mass demonstrations, and petition signing, but also newer modes specific to the online environment (ICT-related), participation in referendums, public consultations, or engagement in political deliberation. The importance and intensity of these modes is reflected both in the number of people getting involved and in the increasing number of policies that are subject to various modes of participation on a regular basis. There is extensive literature about how these modes of participation function, why people get involved, and the consequences of their participation. However, limited attention is paid to the relationship between political participation and the pursuit of sustainability at a local, regional, or central level. Existing studies indicate that citizen engagement can be a cost-effective method to characterize changes of local environments; however, not much is known beyond this process. This Special Issue aims to address this void in the literature and brings together contributions that analyze how participation can be associated with sustainability and local development in various settings. It explores the relationship between political participation and the management of their local environment. This Special Issue enhances the existing knowledge and understanding about how modes of participation can be reflected in stronger sustainability. The Special Issue provides the space for an academic debate that addresses issues such as climate change, resource allocation, or the pursuit of sustainability programs and policies. The contributions include a mix of single-case studies and comparative analyses across European countries.
    Keywords: deliberation ; future generations ; future design ; political participation ; citizen engagement ; political institutions ; sustainability ; participation ; digitalization ; local government ; innovation ; mixed deliberation ; referendums ; municipal mergers ; democratic sustainability ; social trust ; political trust ; political efficacy ; citizens’ juries ; natural experiment ; opinion change ; windfarms ; Scotland ; deliberative mini-publics ; democratic innovations ; public opinion ; participatory budgeting ; ecology ; local level ; citizens ; support ; Romania ; citizens’ assemblies ; climate change ; decarbonization ; agenda setting ; deliberative democracy ; mini-publics ; environmental politics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Complex systems have long been an integral part of modern life and can be encountered everywhere. Undertaking a comprehensive study of such systems is a challenging problem, one which is impossible to solve without the use of contemporary mathematical modeling techniques. Mathematical models form the basis for the optimal design and control of complex systems. The present reprint contains all the articles accepted and published in the Special Issue of Mathematics entitled "Control, Optimization, and Mathematical Modeling of Complex Systems". This Special Issue is focused on recent theoretical and computational studies of complex systems modeling, control, and optimization. The topics addressed in this Special Issue cover a wide range of areas, including numerical simulation in physical, social, and life sciences; the modeling and analysis of complex systems based on mathematical methods and AI/ML approaches; control problems in robotics; design optimization of complex systems, modeling in economics and social sciences; stochastic models in physics and engineering; mathematical models in material science; and high-performance computing for mathematical modeling. It is our hope that the scientific results presented in this reprint will serve as valuable sources of documentation and inspiration to those seeking to delve into complex systems modeling, control, and optimization and examine their wide-ranging applications.
    Keywords: optimal control problem ; evolutionary computation ; robotics applications ; optimal control ; Lyapunov stability ; equilibrium point ; symbolic regression ; Pontryagin’s maximum principle ; continuous-time Markov chains ; ergodicity bounds ; discrete state space ; rate of convergence ; logarithmic norm ; interval analysis ; function approximation ; global optimization ; convexity evaluation ; overestimators ; underestimators ; machine learning control ; general synthesis problem ; evolutionary algorithm ; adaptive interpolation algorithm ; interval ordinary differential equations (ODEs) ; sparse grids ; hierarchical basis ; multidimensional interpolation ; high dimensions ; molecular dynamics modeling ; randomized maximum entropy estimation ; probability density functions ; Lagrange multipliers ; Lyapunov-type problems ; implicit function ; rotation of vector field ; asymptotic efficiency ; thermokarst lakes ; forecasting ; dynamical tracking target ; ship towing system ; relative curvature ; adaptive control ; discrete velocity method ; lattice Boltzmann method ; computational fluid dynamics ; mathematical modeling ; estimation ; minimax techniques ; pareto optimization ; regression analysis ; statistical uncertainty ; proton exchange membrane ; proton electrolyte membrane ; PEM ; fuel cell ; PEMFC ; power electronic converter ; DC–DC boost converter ; model predictive control ; MPC ; self-scalable robots ; modular robots ; origami structures ; complex system ; synergistic effect ; performance indicator ; structure change ; soft robotics ; continuum mechanisms ; modeling of complex systems ; kinematic model of soft robots ; mathematical modeling of complex systems ; non-linear models ; soft robotic neck ; tendon-driven actuators ; mathematical modelling ; modelling in economics ; impact of the COVID-19 ; logistics businesses ; fractional-order virus models ; stuxnet virus ; numerical computing ; supervisory control and data acquisition systems ; computer networks ; lyapunov analysis ; image segmentation ; remote sensing ; terrain identification ; data synthesis ; transfer learning ; controllability ; observability ; stochastic linear systems in finite and infinite dimensional spaces ; stochastic singular linear systems in finite and infinite dimensional spaces ; semigroup ; evolution operator ; GE-semigroup ; GE-evolution operator ; stochastic GE-evolution operator ; feature selection ; finite normal mixtures ; moving separation of mixtures ; deep LSTM ; neural network architectures ; deep learning ; turbulent plasma ; air–sea fluxes ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint includes papers from different research fields, reflecting the sectional talks presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, which took place in June 2021. The objective of the 2021 Conference was to bring together perspectives and challenges in doctoral research in a common forum and to provide a platform enabling doctoral researchers to meet and share state-of-the-art developments in their fields. It consists of 16 papers presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, in several fields such as: mechanical and industrial engineering, food science and biotechnology, electrical/electronic engineering, systems engineering and information technologies, chemistry, electrochemistry, and economic models and strategies.
    Keywords: incremental pumps ; profiling of generating tools ; helical surfaces ; Romania ; coastal area ; wind energy ; measurements ; IEC classes ; wind turbines ; mass tourism ; management model ; Constanta ; PESTEL ; Black Sea ; sustainability ; eggplant peels ; bioactive compounds ; hydrogels ; anthocyanins ; beetroot peel ; betalains ; polyphenols ; CCD-RSM ; optimal control ; metaheuristic algorithms ; evolutionary algorithms ; simulation ; ventilation on ships ; HVAC requirements ; COVID-19 ; spread the disease ; airborne transmission ; HEPA filtration ; UV disinfection ; heat recovery ; L-tryptophan ; polypyrrole ; sensor ; amino acid ; cyclic voltammetry ; chronoamperometry ; atorvastatin ; carbon nanotubes ; gold nanoparticles ; Hippophae rhamnoides L. ; carotenoids ; flavonoids ; antioxidant activity ; microencapsulation ; modulation ; electromagnetic disturbances ; electromagnetic compatibility ; military ship ; communication systems ; navigation conditions ; Danube River ; management tool ; quality function deployment ; house of quality ; enwrapping surfaces ; profiling ; geometrical methods ; tower ; wind turbine ; load ; offshore wind ; marine renewable energy ; living labs ; design thinking ; coastal zone ; integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) ; Romanian coastal zone ; Black Sea basin ; wind parameters ; historical data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book presents an interesting sample of the latest advances in optimization techniques applied to electrical power engineering. It covers a variety of topics from various fields, ranging from classical optimization such as Linear and Nonlinear Programming and Integer and Mixed-Integer Programming to the most modern methods based on bio-inspired metaheuristics. The featured papers invite readers to delve further into emerging optimization techniques and their real application to case studies such as conventional and renewable energy generation, distributed generation, transport and distribution of electrical energy, electrical machines and power electronics, network optimization, intelligent systems, advances in electric mobility, etc.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; Stackelberg game ; MILP ; optimal congestion threshold ; magnetic field mitigation ; simulation ; multi-objective particle swarm optimization ; virtual power plant ; internal defect ; day-ahead load forecasting ; neural network ; modular predictor ; multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm ; stochastic optimization ; dragonfly algorithm ; unit commitment ; metaheuristic ; multi-population method (MP) ; optimization ; tabu search ; considerable decomposition ; loss minimization ; active distribution system ; islanded microgrid ; dynamic solving framework ; feature selection ; electric energy costs ; power factor compensation ; dependability ; interactive load ; overhead ; energy internet ; evolutionary computation ; wind power ; developed grew wolf optimizer ; underground ; ETAP ; fuzzy algorithm ; electric vehicles ; Schwarz’s equation ; evolutionary algorithms ; electric power contracts ; congestion management ; optimizing-scenarios method ; building energy management system ; particle encoding method ; ringdown detection ; HOMER software ; DC optimal power flow ; prosumer ; constrained parameter estimation ; distributed generations (DGs) ; strong track filter (STF) ; transient stability ; calibration ; cost minimization ; radiance ; decentralized and collaborative optimization ; hybrid renewable energy system ; renewable energy sources ; rural electrification ; distribution network reconfiguration ; interval variables ; optimization methods ; particle swarm optimization ; hierarchical scheduling ; micro grid ; AC/DC hybrid active distribution ; consensus ; artificial bee colony ; CCHP system ; data center ; support vector machine ; affinity propagation clustering ; extended Kalman filter ; affine arithmetic ; linear discriminant analysis (LDA) ; current margins ; heterogeneous networks ; Cameroon ; hybrid method ; distributed heat-electricity energy management ; discrete wind driven optimization ; fitness function ; cross-entropy ; GenOpt ; wind energy ; demand uncertainty ; UC ; off-design performance ; genetic algorithm ; energy storage ; the biomimetic membrane computing ; power system optimization ; electric vehicle ; power architectures ; economic load dispatch problem (ELD) ; runner-root algorithm (RRA) ; Cable joint ; battery energy storage system ; load curtailment ; integration assessment ; power system unit commitment ; artificial lighting ; power flow ; hybrid membrane computing ; two-point estimation method ; low-voltage networks ; demand bidding ; non-sinusoidal circuits ; energy flow model ; power transfer distribution factors ; sustainability ; HVAC system ; voltage deviation ; street light points ; radial basis function ; energy storage system ; charging/discharging ; power systems ; intelligent scatter search ; MV/LV substation ; optimal power flow ; stochastic state estimation ; eight searching sub-regions ; chaos optimization algorithm (COA) ; mutual information theory ; inter-turn shorted-circuit fault (ISCF) ; C&I particle swarm optimization ; multiobjective optimization ; passive shielding ; sub-Saharan Africa ; micro-phasor measurement unit ; geometric algebra ; bio-inspired algorithms ; adaptive consensus algorithm ; energy management ; PCS efficiency ; multi-stakeholders ; generalized generation distribution factors ; the genetic algorithm based P system ; JAYA algorithm ; thermal probability density ; power optimization ; pumped-hydro energy storage ; smart grid ; two-stage feature selection ; piecewise linear techniques ; photovoltaic ; SOCP relaxations ; switched reluctance machine (SRM) ; optimal reactive power dispatch ; optimal operation ; controllable response ; off-grid ; active shielding ; transformer-fault diagnosis ; IEEE Std. 80-2000 ; principal component analysis ; demand response ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: In a VUCA world (volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous), organizations, in order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, must learn to mitigate risk and prioritize performance and innovation. In the last decade, as a way to respond to market demands, projects emerge as a way for organizations to implement their strategic objectives in order to respond to a need, opportunity, or threat in an efficient way. This e-book includes a collection of 11 papers that discuss theoretical approaches and case studies, focused on a combined effect between Project Risk Assessment and corporate behaviour in order to support the sustainability and business resilience in a competitive environment. The e-book will be of particular interest to entrepreneurs, researchers, and policymakers.
    Keywords: the ECA method ; UN SDGs ; COVID-19 coronavirus ; Islamic banking ; Maqasid al-Shariah ; sustainability practices ; sustainability indicators ; SDG governance ; green human resource management practices ; corporate sustainability ; developing country ; industry perspective ; renewable energy ; emerging management practices ; knowledge management ; decentralization ; sustainable organizational performance ; entrepreneurial orientation ; innovation performance ; organizational commitment ; transformational leadership ; small and medium-sized enterprises ; communication ; formal communication ; informal communication ; communication willingness ; conflict ; project manager ; project management ; risk management ; social network analysis ; cooperative networks ; business intelligence ; project cooperative risks ; knowledge creation ; sustainable business ; project risks ; corporate behavior ; project critical success factors ; sustainable cooperative partnerships ; entrepreneurial leadership ; product innovation performance ; risk ; design thinking ; intra-firm networks ; absorptive capacity ; collaborative innovation project ; sustainable development ; project performance ; influencing factors ; SEM ; sustainability ; collaborative networks ; logistics ; transportation sector ; risk assessment and management ; Monte Carlo method ; graph-centrality metrics ; project outcome ; project lifecycle ; individual performance ; collective performance ; correlation ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJC Business strategy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Urological Cancer 2020 collection contains a set of multidisciplinary contributions to the extraordinary heterogeneity of tumor mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and therapies of the renal, urinary tract, and prostate cancers, with the intention of offering to interested readers a representative snapshot of the status of urological research.
    Keywords: renal cell carcinoma ; iron ; macrophages ; chelation therapy ; urothelial carcinoma ; transcriptome ; microtubule ; MAP1B ; prognosis ; KLF5 ; androgen receptor ; cell proliferation ; tumorigenesis ; prostate cancer ; precision medicine ; whole genome sequencing ; optical mapping ; therapy ; prostate carcinoma ; prostate mpMRI ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; neural network ; angiogenesis ; angiogenic growth factors ; antiangiogenic therapy ; renal tumors ; prevention ; α1-adrenoceptor antagonists ; anoikis ; vascularity ; research model ; oncogenes ; tumor suppressor genes ; MR-guided ; radiotherapy ; MRgRT ; stereotactic ablative radiotherapy ; stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) ; renal cell cancer ; RCC ; online adaptive ; [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT ; dual-time point imaging ; delayed imaging ; biphasic imaging ; lesion positivity rate ; CXCL9 ; PD1 ; PD-L1 ; stage T1 NMIBC ; prostatic neoplasms/mortality ; prostatic neoplasms/epidemiology ; SEER Program ; bladder cancer ; transurethral resection ; en-bloc resection ; CPT1A ; fatty acids ; serine ; androgen response ; ROS ; oxidative stress ; DONSON ; Downstream Neighbor of SON ; biomarker ; metastatic spread ; diagnosis ; differential diagnosis ; histopathology ; immunohistochemistry ; stroma signature ; patient-derived xenografts ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Rapid developments have taken place over the recent years in the interventional cardiac electrophysiology. New methods and tools in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmia have emerged. There are many questions which still present a challenge, such as the ablation of refractory ventricular tachycardia, how to improve the long-term success rate of persistent atrial fibrillation, the long-term effectiveness and safety of His–Purkinje conduction system pacing. Accordingly, we dedicate this Special Issue Current Updates on Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology to gathering the most recent progress in this field. Its aim is to present an overview of the current knowledge, latest evidence, and unresolved issues in this field. More specifically, the topics of interest include but are not limited to: atrial fibrillation; cryoablation; radiofrequency ablation; cardiac resynchronization therapy; His–Purkinje conduction system pacing; stereotactic radiotherapy for refractory ventricular tachycardia; pulsed electric field ablation; leadless pacemakers; and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.
    Keywords: atrial fibrillation ; catheter ablation ; left atrial appendage occlusion ; stereotactic body radiotherapy ; refractory ventricular tachycardia ; treatment ; ablation ; elderly patients ; younger patients ; outcomes ; deep learning ; convolution neural network ; paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia ; electrocardiography ; detection ; syncope ; vasovagal syncope ; ganglionated plexus ; high-frequency stimulation ; atrial fibrillation (AF) ; vein of Marshall (VOM) ; ethanol infusion ; coronary sinus (CS) ; coronary sinus ostium (CSo) ; cardiac implantable electronic device infection ; pocket infection ; antimicrobial therapy ; risk factors ; preventive strategies ; ventricular arrhythmias ; electrocardiogram ; algorithm ; left ventricular outflow tract ; COVID-19 pandemic ; interventional therapy ; percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion ; pharmacotherapy ; amiodarone ; arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy ; abnormal electrograms ; ventricular tachycardia ; iatrogenic atrial septal defect ; intracardiac echocardiography ; left atrial appendage closure ; right-to-left shunt ; vein of Marshall ; collateral circulation ; slow injection ; paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ; high-power ; short-duration ; radiofrequency ablation ; ablation index ; pulmonary vein reconnection ; non-pulmonary vein triggers ; peri-device leak ; cardiac computed tomography angiography ; leadless single-chamber pacemaker ; complication ; atrioventricular synchrony ; leadless dual-chamber pacemaker ; strategy selection ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBG Medical equipment & techniques
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: According to the National Research Council, the use of embedded systems throughout society could well overtake previous milestones in the information revolution. Mechatronics is the synergistic combination of electronic, mechanical engineering, controls, software and systems engineering in the design of processes and products. Mechatronic systems put “intelligence” into physical systems. Embedded sensors/actuators/processors are integral parts of mechatronic systems. The implementation of mechatronic systems is consistently on the rise. However, manufacturers are working hard to reduce the implementation cost of these systems while trying avoid compromising product quality. One way of addressing these conflicting objectives is through new automatic control methods, virtual sensing/estimation, and new innovative hardware topologies.
    Keywords: independent-wheel drive ; steering assistance ; nonlinear system ; active disturbance rejection control ; smooth road feeling ; city bus transport ; electric vehicles ; electrification ; software tool ; planning ; control ; charging management ; simulation ; analysis ; energy management ; hybrid electric vehicle ; powertrain electrification ; equivalent consumption minimization ; supercharging ; hardware-in-the-loop experiments ; driving force distribution ; decentralized traction system ; 4WD electric vehicle ; energy efficiency ; traction control ; efficiency optimization ; air mobility ; fuel cell hybrid aircraft ; stochastic optimal control ; drift counteraction optimal control ; normal force estimation ; unbiased minimum variance estimation ; controller output observer ; youla parameterization ; adaptive cruise control ; automated driving ; energy-saving ; fuel-saving ; optimal control ; passenger comfort ; new energy vehicles ; speed prediction ; macroscopic traffic model ; traffic big-data ; deep learning ; vehicle lateral dynamic and control ; unresolved issues ; application of speed prediction ; electric vehicle ; hybrid vehicle ; lithium ion ; ultracapacitor ; battery aging ; EHB ; EMB ; EWB ; system modeling ; bond graph ; optimization ; control design ; Youla parameterization ; robust control ; nonlinear optimization ; brake-by-wire ; actuator ; electro-mechanical brake ; electronic wedge brake ; electro-hydraulic brake ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Forests cover 30% of the Earth’s land area, or nearly four billion hectares. Enhancing the benefits and ecosystem services of forests has been increasingly recognized as an essential part of nature-based solutions for solving many emerging global environmental problems today. A core science supporting forest management is understanding the interactions of forests, water, and people. These interactions have become increasingly complex under climate change and its associated impacts, such as the increases in the intensity and frequency of drought and floods, increasing population and deforestation, and a rise in global demands for multiple ecosystem services including clean water supply and carbon sequestration. Forest watershed managers have recognized that water management is an essential component of forest management. Global environmental change is posing more challenges for managing forests and water toward sustainable development. New science on forest and water is critically needed across the globe. The International Forests and Water Conference 2018, Valdivia, Chile (http://forestsandwater2018.cl/), a joint effort of the 5th IUFRO International Conference on Forests and Water in a Changing Environment and the Second Latin American Conference on Forests and Water provided a unique forum to examine forest and water issues in Latin America under a global context. This book represents a collection of some of the peer-reviewed papers presented at the conference that were published in a Special Issue of Forests.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; SD1-669.5 ; social capital ; Cambodia ; forest and water policy ; land use and land cover change ; shrubland ; “Forests to Faucets” ; precipitation gradient ; forest ecosystem management ; afforestation ; connectivity ; land use change ; forest operations ; Chile ; catchment management ; forest plantation ; climate change ; compound wildfire-water risk ; native forest ; hydrology ; wetland ; streamside native buffer ; sustainability ; participatory monitoring ; hydrological modeling ; timber harvesting ; water quality ; native forests ; source water protection ; global change ; forest hydrology ; community drinking-water ; SDGs ; drinking-water security ; Oregon ; forest ; aquatic-riparian ecosystems ; NDC ; heat: moisture index ; watershed management ; load ; Rhyacotriton ; ecohydrology ; nutrient concentrations ; multi-criteria analysis ; Loess Plateau ; dissolved organic matter ; US Pacific Northwest ; soil moisture ; agricultural lands ; water management ; water provision ; water supply ; forests ; post-fire hydrology ; grassland ; forest plantations ; restoration strategy ; riparian buffer zones ; Mekong ; riparian vegetation ; density management harvest ; SWAT model ; forest watersheds ; water governance ; Nenjiang River ; forestry ; ecosystem services ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: In the last few years, huge amounts of progress have been made regarding remote sensing in the field of computer vision. This success and progress is mostly due to the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) algorithms. In addition, the remote sensing community has shifted its attention to DL, and DL algorithms have been used to achieve significant success in many image analysis tasks. However, with regard to remote sensing, a number of challenges caused by difficulties in data acquisition and annotation have not been fully solved yet. This reprint is a collection of novel developments in the field of remote sensing using computer vision, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. The articles published involve fundamental theoretical analyses as well as those demonstrating their application to real-world problems.
    Keywords: tropical cyclone detection ; meteorological satellite images ; deep learning ; deep transfer learning ; generative adversarial networks ; image target detection ; multiple scales ; any angle object ; remote sensing of small objects ; point clouds ; 3D tracking ; state estimation ; Siamese network ; deep LK ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; multilayer feature aggregation ; attention mechanism ; remote sensing image scene classification (RSISC) ; hyperspectral image classification ; variational autoencoder ; generative adversarial network ; crossed spatial and spectral interactions ; crater detection algorithm (CDA) ; R-FCN ; self-calibrated convolution ; split attention mechanism ; transfer learning ; remote sensing ; oriented object detection ; rotated inscribed ellipse ; remote sensing images ; keypoint-based detection ; gated aggregation ; eccentricity-wise ; object detection ; remote sensing image ; anchor free ; oriented bounding boxes ; deformable convolution ; three-dimensional radar imaging ; convolution neural network ; super-resolution ; side-lobe suppression ; terahertz radar ; aerial image generation ; satellite image generation ; structure map ; style vector ; high resolution image ; self-constructing graph ; semantic segmentation ; GAN ; image generation ; data augmentation ; remote sensing disaster image ; convolutional neural network ; double-stream structure ; feedback ; encoder–decoder network ; dense connections ; instance segmentation ; Swin transformer ; cascade mask R-CNN ; remote sensing image retrieval ; hashing algorithm ; binary code ; triplet ordinal relation preserving ; cross entropy ; feature distillation ; forest fire ; smoke segmentation ; Smoke-Unet ; residual block ; Landsat-8 ; band sensibility ; unsupervised domain adaptation ; bidirectional domain adaptation ; image-to-image translation ; generative adversarial networks (GANs) ; U-Net ; high-density laser scanning ; logging trails ; digital surface model ; canopy height model ; commercial thinning ; convolutional neural networks ; multiview ; satellite and UAV image ; joint description ; image matching ; neural network ; contextual information ; Anchor Free Region Proposal Network ; polar representation ; 3D object detection ; point cloud ; sampling ; single-stage ; rotated object detection ; angle-based detector ; angle-free framework ; rotated region of interests (RRoIs) ; representative points ; plastic ; UAVs ; contrastive learning ; mutual guidance ; spatial misalignment ; vehicle detection ; ANN ; automatic classification ; risk mitigation ; machine learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: This Special Issue is designed to discuss and examine relevant legal issues concerning ocean governance in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the long-lasting benefits of the international community. It will cover, inter alia, the safety of navigation and maritime security, the sustainable use of marine resources (living and non-living), marine environmental protection, climate change, and marine scientific research.
    Keywords: transfer of mining technology ; commercial condition ; protection of intellectual property ; direct technology purchasing ; investment cooperation ; universal jurisdiction ; maritime piracy ; piracy trials ; Somali piracy ; maritime crime ; sustainability ; community interests ; marine genetic resources ; common heritage of mankind ; BBNJ ; integrated coastal management ; land and sea coordination ; ecological environment ; ocean law ; sustainable development ; fishery resources ; community interest ; international cooperation ; climate change ; fishery management ; legal principles ; LOSC ; precautionary approach ; ecosystem ; seasonal closure ; CCAMLR ; MPAs ; RFMOs ; conservation measures ; China ; ocean governance ; sustainable development goals (SDGs) ; SDG 14 ; marine environment ; international environmental law ; Law of the Sea ; ocean acidification ; rising-sea-levels ; meta-governance ; ocean action ; global environment ; regulatory governance ; IMO ; China’s role ; submissions’ adoption ; law of the sea ; deep seabed mining ; national legislation ; sponsoring state ; marine ecological environment ; multiple subjects ; co-management ; ocean community with a shared future ; cruise ships ; public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) ; international obligations ; rule of law ; COVID-19 ; China’s white paper for Arctic policy ; fisheries resources ; Arctic Ocean ; Chinese legal rights ; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) ; regional integration and cooperation ; SDGs ; Sanchi ship ; oil spill accident ; marine ecology ; ecological damage compensation ; the precautionary principle ; nuclear safety regulation ; UNCLOS ; international law ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue of Entropy, titled “Recent Advances in Single-Particle Tracking: Experiment and Analysis”, contains a collection of 13 papers concerning different aspects of single-particle tracking, a popular experimental technique that has deeply penetrated molecular biology and statistical and chemical physics. Presenting original research, yet written in an accessible style, this collection will be useful for both newcomers to the field and more experienced researchers looking for some reference. Several papers are written by authorities in the field, and the topics cover aspects of experimental setups, analytical methods of tracking data analysis, a machine learning approach to data and, finally, some more general issues related to diffusion.
    Keywords: diauxic growth ; replicator equation ; mesoscopic model ; integro-differential equations ; anomalous diffusion ; statistical analysis ; single-particle tracking ; trajectory classification ; fractional Brownian motion ; estimation ; autocovariance function ; neural network ; Monte Carlo simulations ; multifractional Brownian motion ; power of the statistical test ; machine learning classification ; feature engineering ; confinement ; information theory ; Brownian particle ; stochastic thermodynamics ; CTRW ; diffusing-diffusivity ; occupation time statistics ; wound healing dynamics ; single pseudo-particle tracking ; phase contrast image segmentation ; 3D single-particle tracking ; Fisher information ; non-uniform illumination ; SPT ; deep learning ; residual neural networks ; random walk ; heterogeneous ; endosomes ; single particle trajectory ; stochastic processes ; trapping ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This reprint presents groundbreaking discoveries, practical techniques, and rigorous analyses related to the cultivation, preparation, and exploitation of mycelium composites. The papers cover a wide range of topics, including functional modifications of mycelium with inorganic particles, modifying and assessing the mechanical properties of mycelium composites, strategies for improving the flexural behaviour of composites, beehives from fungal materials, bio-welding and reinforcement of composites, bioreactors for fungal production, co-production of composites by fungi and bacteria, growing large-scale mycelium structures, sound absorption by composites, and the geometrical parameterisation of fungi. This informative compendium of techniques, methods, and insights on growing fungal material appeals to readers from all walks of life, from high school pupils to university professors, from mathematicians, computer scientists, and engineers to chemists, from craft practitioners to industrial producers of fungal materials, and from biologists to architects and artists.
    Keywords: mycelium-based composites ; additive manufacturing ; bio-based materials ; circular construction ; digital fabrication ; mycelium ; bio-composites ; bio-fabrication ; ultrasonic welding ; wood printing ; robotic fabrication ; reinforced composites ; natural fiber reinforced polymers ; NFRP ; growing materials ; rattan ; lightweight structure ; architecture ; structural design ; computational design ; subtractive manufacturing ; circular economy ; compressive structures ; compressive strength ; digital image correlation ; masonry ; growth ; mechanical properties ; materials science ; mycelium-based composite ; biomaterials ; natural composites ; bacterial cellulose ; biocompatibility ; knitted fabric ; material tinkering ; lignocellulosic fibers ; natural fiber reinforcement ; mechanical characteristics ; manufacturing variables ; nanoclay ; fungal fruiting bodies ; parametric design thinking ; plasticity ; linearity ; non-linearity ; biohybrid architecture ; bio fabrication ; living architecture ; beehive ; 3D printing ; mycelium materials ; symbiosis ; multispecies architecture ; healthy materials ; binding capacity ; bio-adhesives ; building biomaterials ; fungal mycelium ; mechanical performance ; acoustic materials ; sound absorption ; fungal architecture ; myceliated material ; living material ; sustainability ; biotechnology ; compression ; bending ; waste upcycling ; mycoremediation ; myco-materials ; myco-fabrication ; sustainable buildings ; sustainable structures ; architectural design ; material ethics ; modular chain bioreactor ; solid-state fermentation ; mycelium production ; Ganoderma lucidum ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This reprint focusses on Smartness, a multidisciplinary topic, which is examined from four perspectives: Sensors, IoT, and Data Generation; Data and Information Processing; Actuation; and Digital Systems and Infrastructure. We see smartness in the way sensing is embedded in a system, the way data and information are processed, how a system interacts internally and with its environment, and whether a system is ubiquitous or limited by space (cloud-based or edge-enabled). This reprint contains a total of 14 chapters, which are grouped according to their areas of application: mobility and transportation, healthcare, industrial environments, and other urban infrastructures. This book covers a range of topics, including mobility; healthcare; image analysis; permeable pavements; solid-waste management; sensor node and gateway architectures; cloud, fog, and edge computing; air-quality monitoring; thermal anomalies and smart helmets in industrial environments; smart airports; smart districts; smart travel choices; sensor cities; artificially intelligent cities; platform urbanism; and more.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence (AI) ; artificially intelligent city ; artificially intelligence commons ; smart city ; smart urban technology ; urban informatics ; sustainable urban development ; climate change ; pandemics ; natural disasters ; sensor city ; City 4.0 ; smart urbanism ; smart governance ; disruptive urban transition ; Internet-of-Things (IoT) ; technology giants ; sensors ; transit ; bus ; transfer ; smart card ; spatial analysis ; mode choice ; internet of everything (IoE) ; 6th generation (6G) networks ; artificial intelligence ; Distributed AI as a Service (DAIaaS) ; fog computing ; edge computing ; cloud computing ; smart airport ; smart districts ; PPE ; OHS ; risk detection ; naive Bayes ; support vector machine ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; microcontroller ; edge-fog-cloud computing ; Internet of Things ; robotics ; autonomous driving ; image registration ; smart sensor ; real time big data ; land-use ; air quality ; particulate matter (PM10 PM2.5) ; Intelligent Transportation Systems ; functional requirements ; machine learning ; model actionability ; model evaluation ; cloud server ; customized sensor node ; customized gateway ; FLoRa simulation ; LoRa range radio ; solid waste management ; smart cities ; big data ; event detection ; road traffic ; distributed machine learning ; automatic labeling ; social media ; data analytics ; social media analytics ; Arabic tweets ; 3D microstructure reconstruction ; permeable pavement ; generative adversarial networks ; tiny AI ; tiny ML ; distributed AI as a service (DAIaaS) ; skin disease diagnosis ; healthcare ; smart societies ; smart healthcare ; reference architecture ; TensorFlow ; visually impaired ; smart mobility ; LiDAR ; ultrasonic ; obstacle detection ; obstacle recognition ; assistive tools ; green computing ; sustainability ; Arduino Uno ; smart app ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Coastal regions are susceptible to rapid changes, as they constitute the boundary between the land and the sea. The resilience of a particular segment of coast depends on many factors, including climate change, sea-level changes, natural and technological hazards, extraction of natural resources, population growth, and tourism. Recent research highlights the strong capabilities for remote sensing applications to monitor, inventory, and analyze the coastal environment. This book contains 12 high-quality and innovative scientific papers that explore, evaluate, and implement the use of remote sensing sensors within both natural and built coastal environments.
    Keywords: big data applications ; data processing ; data visualization ; neural networks ; reduction ; coastal waters ; urban expansion ; remote sensing and GIS ; expansion types and rates ; major explanatory factors ; Miami metropolitan area ; cliff coastlines ; cliff retreat ; time-series analysis ; airborne laser scanner ; warm upwelling ; sea surface temperature ; numerical modelling ; winter ; southern Baltic Sea ; beach monitoring ; mobile terrestrial LiDAR ; intensity calibration ; beach surface moisture ; Baltic coast ; Poland ; CORINE Land Cover ; land cover flow ; urbanisation ; afforestation ; deforestation ; spatial analysis ; SDGs ; coastal habitats ; ecosystem monitoring ; land cover mapping ; random forest algorithm ; Sentinel-2 ; modified soil-adjusted vegetation index 2–MSAVI2 ; normalized difference water index 2–NDWI2 ; brightness index 2–BI2 ; oil spill ; remote sensing ; review ; machine learning ; deep learning ; trajectory modeling ; vulnerability assessment ; coastal geomorphology ; shoreline change ; coastal process ; monitoring ; geomatic techniques ; Po River Delta ; archival multi-temporal data ; coastline changes ; emerged/submerged surfaces ; land subsidence ; relative sea level rise 2100 ; land cover ; dune coast ; air photograph ; South Baltic Sea ; coastal monitoring ; estuaries ; IoT ; lidar ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Agricultural production management is facing a new era of intelligence and automation. With developments in sensor technologies, the temporal, spectral, and spatial resolution from ground/air/space platforms have been notably improved. Optical sensors play an essential role in agriculture production management. Specifically, monitoring plant health, growth conditions, and insect infestation has traditionally involved extensive fieldwork. We believe that sensors, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are not simply scientific experiments but opportunities to make our agricultural production management more efficient and cost-effective, further contributing to the healthy development of natural–human systems. This reprint compiles the latest research on optical sensors and machine learning in agricultural monitoring, including related topics: Machine learning approaches for crop health, growth, and yield monitoring; Combined multisource/multi-sensor data to improve the crop parameters mapping; Crop-related growth models, artificial intelligence models, algorithms, and precision management; Farmland environmental monitoring and management; Ground, air, and space platforms application in precision agriculture; Development and application of field robotics; High-throughput field information survey; Phenological monitoring.
    Keywords: soil moisture content ; spectral processing technology ; hyperspectral ; principal component analysis ; feature parameters extraction ; yield estimation ; rice ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; tasseled cap transformation ; precision agriculture ; weed identification ; YOLOv4-Tiny ; attention mechanism ; multiscale detection ; angle normalization ; vegetation canopy reflectance ; geostationary satellite ; path length correction ; Minnaert model ; GOCI ; winter wheat ; LSTM ; LAI ; deep learning ; land use ; land cover ; classification ; random forest ; Sentinel data ; SRTM ; feature selection ; accuracy ; validation ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; soybean ; convolutional neural network ; multispectral imagery ; fusarium head blight ; texture indices ; machine learning ; cropland ; multi-seasonal ; fractal feature ; feature extraction ; accuracy evaluation ; black soil ; UAV ; chlorophyll ; fractional vegetation cover ; maturity monitoring ; anomaly detection ; smart agriculture ; detection of apple leaf diseases ; YOLOv5 ; transformer ; CBAM ; crop type classification ; multi-temporal ; remote sensing ; dairy cows ; body condition score ; 3D TOF sensor ; non-contact evaluation ; recognize area of interest ; sugarcane clones ; canopy cover ; light interception ; biomass ; cane yield ; peanut southern blight ; reflection spectrum ; spectral index ; continuous wavelet transform ; VGNet ; corn diseases ; leaf detection ; lightweight ; transfer learning ; agriculture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: The present book contributes to the public administration literature by providing new insights into corporate social responsibility (CSR), sustainability initiatives, and stakeholder engagement in the higher education context. The fourteen papers published in this Special Issue discuss the role of public universities in promoting sustainability actions, university missions, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) embedded in the 2030 UN Agenda. In each contribution, avenues for research are suggested and, most importantly, stronger analytical connections are advocated between these inter-related research areas. In more detail, two papers focus their attention on university transparency and the processes’ complexity in public institutions. Furthermore, two papers focus on CSR teaching and education, three papers analyze universities’ social responsibility initiatives, and five papers focus on the SDGs. Lastly, taking into account how social networks have changed university communication and become powerful tools for building relationships with stakeholders, two papers of the Special Issue consider social media’s role in university communications.
    Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals ; higher education ; sustainability reporting ; Global Reporting Initiative ; thematic analysis ; CSR ; SDGs ; sustainable development ; institutionalization ; strategic plan ; performance measurement ; university ; university social responsibility ; universities ; social responsibility ; CSR reporting ; Italy ; sustainable development goals ; case study ; strategies ; reporting ; education ; Economia Aziendale ; CSR3 ; business ethics ; corporate social responsibility disclosure ; stakeholders engagement ; social network ; Twitter ; sustainability ; Italian universities ; stakeholder engagement ; social media ; disclosure ; corporate social responsibility (CSR) ; corporate strategy ; transparency ; public research institutes ; information disclosure ; public administration ; social justice ; university leadership ; efficiency ; support activities ; processes ; SDG 5 ; gender reporting ; gender budgeting ; Italian university ; the impact ranking ; social accounting theories ; CRUI guidelines ; teaching ; responsibility ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: ca. 200 words; this text will present the book in all promotional forms (e.g. flyers). Please describe the book in straightforward and consumer-friendly terms. [There is ever more research on smart cities and new interdisciplinary approaches proposed on the study of smart cities. At the same time, problems pertinent to communities inhabiting rural areas are being addressed, as part of discussions in contigious fields of research, be it environmental studies, sociology, or agriculture. Even if rural areas and countryside communities have previously been a subject of concern for robust policy frameworks, such as the European Union’s Cohesion Policy and Common Agricultural Policy Arguably, the concept of ‘the village’ has been largely absent in the debate. As a result, when advances in sophisticated information and communication technology (ICT) led to the emergence of a rich body of research on smart cities, the application and usability of ICT in the context of a village has remained underdiscussed in the literature. Against this backdrop, this volume delivers on four objectives. It delineates the conceptual boundaries of the concept of ‘smart village’. It highlights in which ways ‘smart village’ is distinct from ‘smart city’. It examines in which ways smart cities research can enrich smart villages research. It sheds light on the smart village research agenda as it unfolds in European and global contexts.]
    Keywords: NX1-820 ; H1-99 ; TX1-1110 ; HF5001-6182 ; South America ; policymaking ; smart village ; Europe ; sustainability ; smart villages research ; European Union ; Asia ; China ; smart cities research ; ICT ; smart city ; best practice sharing ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint contains several articles where the molecular mechanisms and structural changes in target proteins on interaction with various viruses and bacteria were studied. In addition, drug-protein interactions, drug–drug interaction mechanisms, anti-Glycating, antioxidant, binding affinity, network pharmacology-driven investigations, and targeted anticancer treatments were also investigated.
    Keywords: RSV ; ectodomain G protein ; heparan sulfate ; protein–ligand interaction ; fluorescence quenching ; molecular docking ; molecular dynamic simulation ; quercetin ; CCL4 ; neurotoxicity ; VirtualToxLab ; oxidative stress markers ; Huperzine A ; molecular dynamics simulation ; fluorescence spectroscopy ; human serum albumin ; neurodegenerative disorders ; drug–protein interactions ; erlotinib ; bovine serum albumin ; binding interaction ; competition ; hepatitis E virus ; methyltransferase ; protein stability ; enzyme assay ; garlic ; antioxidant ; anti-glycation ; glycation ; AGEs ; HSA ; quetiapine ; hydrophobic interaction ; thermodynamic parameters ; seproxetine ; antidepressant ; charge transfer ; π-acceptors ; DFT ; haloperidol ; antipsychotics ; keratoconus ; MMP-2 ; MMP-9 ; molecular dynamics ; MM-GBSA calculations ; pharmacophore mapping ; α-amylase ; advanced glycation end-products ; caffeic acid ; coumaric acid ; coronary artery disease ; phytotherapy ; network pharmacology ; angiogenesis ; zebrafish ; dynamics molecular docking ; NEK7 ; virtual screening ; DFTs ; deep learning ; drug design ; drug repurposing ; structural-based ; cancer ; A. aspera ; β-amyrin ; C. gigantea ; C. procera ; GC-MS ; Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ; Molecular docking ; MD simulations ; Tuberculosis (TB) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Nowadays, trust is an important determinant in the development of modern organizations. Not only is it becoming an increasingly important element of relationships between entities, but, above all, it positively influences the building of an organization's intellectual capital. This capital can be defined in different ways, but its definition always references elements that determine the potential of sustainable organizations, often in human, social, relational, organizational, and innovation dimensions. Trust is increasingly becoming the key determinant of this capital (Ko?uch, Lenart-Gansiniec, 2017). Trust also has a number of different definitions. However, the basis of many of these definitions is the building of relationships focused on developing some kind of individual or inter-organizational link. Organizational trust is a complicated concept, and it is the basis of all organized activities performed by people in the organization, largely because trust is needed to develop relationships with integrity and commitment. Thus, it is interesting to study the relationship between trust and the building of the intellectual capital of sustainable organizations. Indeed, intellectual capital plays a special role here. It is a guide and a platform for achieving not only a competitive advantage for the sustainable organization, but also a source of value creation in the short and long term. Thus, this strategic hybrid, composed of a business model, strategy, and business processes, is favorable to the development of intellectual capital (Jab?o?ski 2017). Trust is an element that ties this capital to relationships in business. Moreover, it has an integrated character (R.C. Mayer, J. H. Davis, F. D. Schoorman 1995). Assuming that, nowadays, the network paradigm is becoming increasingly important, it is worth asking how the mechanism of building trust-based intellectual capital in a sustainable organization functions as its key asset in the network environment.
    Keywords: HD72-88 ; modeling ; modal shift potential ; competition ; advertising ; deep uncertainty ; road freight transport ; integrity ; public management ; universities ; cooperation networks ; interpersonal trust ; public value ; cooperation ; risk perception ; DAG scheduling ; virtual teams ; foreign direct investment ; creative industry ; supply chain management ; antibiotics ; denial ; distress ; complexity ; consumer trust ; strategic projects ; large-scale collective action ; M&A sustainability ; stakeholders ; start-ups ; logistics service providers ; Sweden ; ethical advertising ; shockvertising ; ability ; transport services ; project success ; retained autonomy ; inter-organizational exchange relationships ; collaboration ; sustainable relationships ; trusted entities ; conceptual model ; relations ; public-social partnership ; apology ; public collaborative networks ; business processes ; networking ; co-innovation ; heterogeneous ; coordinating behavior ; structural equation modeling (SEM) ; trustworthiness ; trust repair ; cultural heritage management ; reciprocity types ; business model ; subcontracting ; penance ; General Discriminant Analysis ; Nzoia river basin ; opportunistic behaviors ; sustainability ; competences ; MCTS ; third-country relocation ; distrust ; quality culture ; prediction ; trust ; strategic hybrids ; multilevel research ; mixed-method research ; water policy gaming ; scenario-based experiments ; reciprocity-based trust ; antibiotic resistance ; consumer behavior ; trust management ; water supply companies ; international joint venture ; paradigm shift ; paradoxes ; asset specificity ; CSR ; control ; water cooperation ; cultural routes ; sustainable organizations ; performance ; higher education institutions ; online ; institutional theory ; strategy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint includes impactful chapters related to document-image related visual sensing, which do present and comprehensively discuss selected scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and ideas on sensing technologies and machine-learning techniques. Indeed, document imaging/scanning approaches are essential techniques for digitalizing documents in various real-world contexts. This reprint emerging from the Special Issue "Document-Image Related Visual Sensors and Machine Learning Techniques” can be viewed as a result of the crucial need for document management systems. Such technologies are being applied in various fields or different domains and parts of the world to address relevant challenges that could not be addressed without the advances made in these technologies. The reprint includes impactful chapters that present scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and innovative ideas on sensing technologies and machine-learning techniques to overcome a series of key challenges related to document imaging/scanning, text detection, text recognition, and documents clustering.
    Keywords: feature learning ; incomplete multimedia data ; fuzzy c-means ; variational autoencoder ; multispectral imaging ; document scanning ; portable sensor ; depth image filtering ; point clouds filtering ; Kinect v2 ; depth resolution ; close range ; hand pose ; image binarization ; optical character recognition ; document images ; local thresholding ; image pre-processing ; natural images ; scene text recognition ; visual sensor ; text position correction ; encoder-decoder network ; chart recognition ; deep learning ; visualization ; classification ; detection ; perspective correction ; house architecture type classification ; house type classification ; convolutional neural networks ; document classification ; feature selection ; data augmentation ; imbalanced dataset ; scene text detection ; multiple scales ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This Special Issue explores empirical studies of emotional mechanisms, qualitative and quantitative measurements of emotion, the recognition of emotional contexts, and the application of emotion. We introduce fourteen papers, ranging from lab-based studies aimed at understanding emotional mechanisms to applying emotion recognition in the real world (e.g., in driving, games, education, and virtual avatars). This Special Issue explores empirical studies of emotional mechanisms, qualitative and quantitative measurements of emotion, the recognition of emotional contexts, and the application of emotion. We introduce fourteen papers, ranging from lab-based studies aimed at understanding emotional mechanisms to applying emotion recognition in the real world (e.g., in driving, games, education, and virtual avatars).
    Keywords: speech emotion recognition ; domain adaptation ; SER generalization ; Korean Emotional Speech Database ; ensemble model ; multi-path ; group-loss ; BLSTM network ; facial micromovement ; emotion recognition ; emotion authenticity ; HRV parameter ; game addiction ; League of Legends ; stress response ; sensitivity ; specificity ; logistic regression ; facial action unit ; facial aging ; facial expression ; posed emotion ; virtual avatar ; virtual human ; virtual character ; embodied conversational agent ; social interaction ; empathy ; CNN ; cognitive workload ; functional connectivity analysis ; LSTM ; mental workload ; mutual information ; phase locking value ; phase transfer entropy ; deep learning ; facial expression recognition (FER) ; 3D convolutional neural network (3D CNN) ; multirate signal processing ; minimum overlapped frame structure ; self-attention ; multi-depth network ; video content empathy ; micro-movement synchronization ; non-contact empathy measurement ; empathic advertisement ; multimodal affective computing ; catecholamines ; emotion classification ; wearable devices ; deep neural networks ; multispectral imaging ; face recognition ; in the wild ; driver emotion recognition ; multimodal ; self-report ; real-world driving ; EEG ; learning emotions ; attention ; convolutional neural network ; multi-channel band features ; eye movement ; brain connectivity ; review ; human emotions ; affective and physiological states ; Plutchik’s wheel of emotions ; sensors ; methods and applications ; statistical and multiple criteria analysis ; country success and publications maps of the world ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Buildings are important consumers of energy; in fact, they represent 30–45% of the global energy use and one-third of total greenhouse gas emissions, as well as contributing to the urban heat-island effect. In consequence, the correct design and execution of buildings, use of new materials that reduce energy demand, and efficient use of renewable energy are all necessary to reduce the impacts that occur during their life-cycle. This book shows some examples, focused on improving the energy-efficiency of buildings, in accordance with circular economy policies and life-cycle phases, including design, construction and use. The editor wishes to thank all the authors for contributing to this book, as well as to the assistance of MDPI’s editorial office.
    Keywords: climate-oriented ; buildings ; building construction ; climate zones ; climate change ; bibliometric ; climate zone ; building ; energy demand ; building resilience ; air quality ; air pollution ; SUNSPACE ; PM removal ; azure chemistry ; circular economy ; sustainability ; SDG 11 ; SDG 12 ; buying intention ; energy-efficient home appliances ; green self-identity ; theory of planned behavior ; waste glass ; light reflectance ; building material coatings ; soda–lime–silica glass ; lead–silica glass ; cool surface ; cool material ; cool roof ; urban heat island ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Myxobacteria are fascinating and important prokaryotes. They have large genomes and exhibit a wide range of interesting behaviors, including multicellular fruiting body formation, social interaction, predation, and secondary metabolite production. Substantial progress is being made in understanding their ecological roles and the evolutionary forces that have shaped their phenotypes and behaviors. Novel species of myxobacteria are regularly described, often producing unusual metabolites and enzymes which can be of significant biotechnological interest. Molecular studies, ranging in subject from individual enzymes to entire ‘omes, continue to provide rich insights into myxobacterial biology. This collected volume brings together five research articles and three reviews, to provide a snapshot of current myxobacterial research in all its diversity.
    Keywords: carotenoids ; comparative genomics ; development ; fruiting body formation ; one-component systems ; quorum signalling ; two-component systems ; myxobacteria ; Myxococcales ; germination ; bacterial cell wall ; sporulation ; morphology ; photoreceptor ; photosensitizer ; photoregulation ; singlet oxygen ; plasmalogens ; CarF ; vitamin B12 ; CarH ; ECF-sigma ; CarD-CdnL ; microbial food web ; trophic interactions ; predator–prey interactions ; mesopredator ; social bacteria ; nematodes ; experimental community ; behavior ; Myxococcus sp. ; Corallococcus sp. ; Melittangium sp. ; Archangium sp. ; biosynthetic gene clusters ; Myxococcus xanthus ; phase contrast microscopy ; fluorescence microscopy ; aggregation ; rippling ; deep learning ; generative adversarial network ; pretator-prey coevolution ; antagonism ; mucoidy ; predatory bacteria ; bacterial predation ; prey diversity ; negative frequency dependence ; experimental evolution ; MyxoEE-6 ; functional genomics ; genome evolution ; genome organisation ; pan-genome ; proteomics ; taxonomy ; transcriptomics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: After almost two decades of continuous development in bio, circular, and green economy, the time is ripe for the assessment of the major achievements and challenges that private and public enterprises face today to further enhance these global sustainability concepts. Due to the central role of political incentives for the development and implementation of environmentally friendly and sustainable practices, the present book project focuses on the nexus between public policies, institutions, quality of public sector management, and patterns of interaction between government and private businesses in backing bio, green, and circular economy practices and eco-innovation. In addition, the project also accommodates surveys that elaborate on the differences between the implementation of new organizational forms and scientific innovations in technologically advanced and developing settings.
    Keywords: energy demand ; renewable energy ; biomass ; energy policies ; organizational factors ; healthcare waste management practices ; public hospitals ; Libya ; consumers ; cluster analysis ; sustainable consumption ; mass media ; social media ; green hydrogen ; green hydrogen value chain ; developing countries ; renewable energy sources ; hydrogen strategy ; scaling ; upscaling ; scaling innovation ; innovation diffusion ; innovation ; systematic literature review ; garbage sorting ; urban garbage disposal ; rural garbage disposal ; willingness ; family life ; neighbourhood ; COVID-19 ; Pakistan economy ; economic scale ; Keynesian theory ; mitigation ; economic revival measures ; innovations ; renewable power ; rebound effect ; low-carbon economy ; carbon pricing policy ; border carbon tax ; Sino–US trade friction ; export grab effect ; firm innovation ; GDP prediction ; feature selection ; deep learning ; temporal convolutional network ; organizational sustainability ; social and economic sustainability ; knowledge sharing ; organizational agility ; organizational behavior ; sustainable organizations ; economic sustainability ; consumer experience ; sustainable commerce ; online consumer behaviour ; e-commerce platform ; online purchase intention ; online customer engagement ; energy security ; energy policy ; energy resources ; sustainability ; bibliometrics ; circular business model ; open business model ; sharing economy ; circular economy ; peer-to-peer ; electricity trading ; green product ; green consumer behavior ; environmental responsibility ; environmental concern ; green purchasing decisions ; green business ; consumption dimension ; production dimension ; financial dimension ; technological dimension ; fundraising campaigns ; social networking sites ; NPO ; humanitarian response ; Kuwait ; Bahrain ; Guatemala ; forest ; property rights ; community concession ; entrepreneurship ; forest sustainability ; economic development ; free-market environmentalism ; Latin America ; consumption coupons ; purchase probability ; inventory optimization ; minimum-cost maximum-flow ; bioeconomy ; green growth ; eco-innovation ; environmental Kuznets curve ; EKC ; environmental economics and policy ; ecological economics ; resource management ; sustainable development ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The need for energy is increasing and at the same time production from the conventional reservoirs is declining quickly. This requires an economically and technically feasible source of energy for the coming years. Among some alternative future energy solutions the most approachable source is from unconventional reservoirs. As the name “unconventional” implies it requires different and challenging approach to characterize and to develop such a resource. This special issue covers some of the technical challenges for developing unconventional energy sources from shale gas/oil, tight gas sand, and coalbed methane.
    Keywords: bedding fractures ; failure criterion ; lamina ; tight oil ; tight sandstone ; finite element simulation ; numerical simulation ; unconventional reservoir ; permeability ; group method of data handling ; artificial neural network ; well logs ; sensitivity analysis ; tight gas reservoir ; multi-fractured horizontal well (MFHW) ; unstable productivity model ; productivity forecast ; influencing factor analysis ; horizontal well with multiple finite-conductivity fractures ; elliptical-shaped drainage ; productivity index ; non-Darcy flow ; pressure-dependent conductivity ; reservoir properties ; void space structure ; porosity ; complex rocks ; NMR ; MICP ; CT ; SEM ; coal-bearing tight sandstone ; organic-rich clasts ; occurrence ; classifications ; formation mechanisms ; Ordos Basin ; hydraulic fracturing ; fracturing fluids ; fluids-rock interaction ; environmental implication ; history matching ; semianalytic model ; unconventional gas reservoirs ; multistage fractured horizontal wells ; fractal theory ; pore structure ; heterogeneity ; NMR measurements ; multifractal analysis ; shale reservoir ; elastic properties ; brittleness ; rock physics ; brittle spot identification ; shale gas ; reservoir characteristics ; gas content ; eastern Sichuan Basin ; the Da’anzhai member ; pulse decay method ; gas adsorption ; dual media ; unconventional core ; natural fracture ; influencing factor ; oil production ; carbonate rock ; basement reservoir ; Jizhong Sub-basin ; dynamic pore network modeling ; shale reservoirs ; water imbibition ; discrete element method ; modified fluid-mechanical coupling algorithm ; injection sequence ; well spacing ; stress shadow effect ; seismic location ; microseismic events ; waveform stacking ; induced seismicity ; CBM ; surfactant ; solid-free drilling fluid ; CBM reservoir wettability ; machine learning ; lithofacies ; umiat ; Alaska ; proppant transportation ; cross fractures ; CFD simulation ; dimensional analysis ; equilibrium proppant height ; coalbed methane ; Lattice Boltzmann method ; gas diffusion ; adsorption–desorption ; pore-scale ; clay minerals ; pore structures ; tight gas reservoirs ; Xujiaweizi Rift ; Northern Songliao Basin ; methane adsorption isotherm ; coal properties ; gradient boosting decision tree ; estimation model ; shale gas reservoir ; geology ; Gibbs excess adsorption ; supercritical adsorption ; gas viscosity ; high voltage spark discharge ; electrohydraulic effect ; electrical conductivity ; drilling ; rock damage ; pressure waves ; water fracturing ; turbulence effect ; Eulerian multiphase modeling ; proppant transport mechanism ; equilibrium height prediction model ; adaptive filtering ; complex noise canceling ; electromagnetic telemetry ; multifractured horizontal wells ; production analysis ; irregular stimulated region ; natural gas hydrate ; seismic modeling ; fractional derivatives ; gas geochemical characteristics ; noble gas ; shale gas evolution ; Large Igneous Province (LIP) ; gas loss ; geological structure ; gas controlling pattern ; neutral surface ; tectonic movement ; Bumu region ; seismic interpretation ; depositional environments characteristics ; Wheeler diagram ; seismic attributes ; heterogeneous sequence ; sample size ; neutron scattering ; mercury injection capillary pressure ; adsorption ; shale ; junggar basin ; hong-che fault zone ; carboniferous ; volcanic reservoir ; main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation ; fracture ; vug ; micro CT ; carbonate ; wave velocity ; amorphous SiO2 ; X-ray diffraction ; X-ray fluorescence spectrometry ; scanning electron microscope ; quantitative analysis ; void ratio ; FEM ; ABAQUS ; matrix porosity ; kerogen porosity ; water saturation ; gas hydrate ; saturation ; deep learning ; recurrent neural network ; molecular simulation ; enhanced oil recovery ; methane ; shale petroleum ; technological development ; patent ; network analysis ; imbibition ; osmosis ; unconventional formations ; EOR ; water flooding ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: This reprint discusses the relation between nonviolence and religion by adopting Mohandas K. Gandhi’s concept of satyagraha as a starting point and by also discussing nonviolent hermeneutics of holy scriptures with a special emphasis on interpretations of the Qur’an. The first part consists of chapters that directly deal with Gandhi’s concept of nonviolence and how it influenced later faith-based peace activists. By reading Gandhi’s active nonviolence through the lens of Judith Butler’s recent work on nonviolence, it engages with contemporary discussions about violence and nonviolence and also reflects on how nonviolence relates to gender. It also looks at how Gandhi related to different religions and further broadens the usual focus on physical violence by addressing economic violence and environmental degradation. Gandhi’s view of Judaism and Zionism is critically discussed in one chapter. The second part comprises contributions that study the use of holy scriptures in relation to (non)violence, its problems, its boundaries and its inspiration. Religious authoritative texts play a major role in the continuation and legitimation of connected belief systems. Again, Gandhi’s own nonviolent hermeneutics of holy scriptures are investigated and his interpretation of the biblical figure of Daniel is especially discussed. Three contributions deal with the interpretation of the Qur’an and its potential for nonviolence. A concluding chapter provides a range of hermeneutic guidelines for an Islamic theology of nonviolence.
    Keywords: Gandhi ; interreligious theology ; Judaism ; Zionism ; satyagraha ; nonviolent resistance ; Butler ; performativity ; relational ontology ; sustainability ; nonviolence ; Catholic social thought ; alternative development ; liberation theology ; religions ; suffering ; tradition ; swaraj ; M.K. Gandhi ; R. Girard ; mimetic rivalry ; Sermon on the Mount ; spiral of violence ; detachment ; religion ; fear of death ; conscientious objection ; Christianity ; conscription ; pacifism ; holy disobedience ; nationalism ; conservativism ; political theology ; Yoram Hazony ; family ; liberal democracy ; Qur’an ; violence ; God-consciousness ; hermeneutics ; scriptures ; Bhagavad Gita ; Bible ; Paul ; history of reception ; Jawdat Saʿid ; Syria ; Islam ; Abel ; Cain ; Islamic theology ; Tafsīr ; Qurʾānic exegesis ; Islamic reform ; modernity ; history ; Chenoweth ; gender ; creative transgressions ; revolution ; Old Testament/Hebrew Bible ; Daniel ; Socrates ; apocalypses ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The papers published in this Special Issue report on recent studies investigating the exploitation of by-products produced by the food industry. The topics investigated include the extraction setups used for valuable food waste by-products and their applications as adjuncts to food preparation; the appropriate selection of solvents and extraction processes; and the interactions between extracted fractions and supplementary foods. The papers evaluate a wide variety of foodstuffs and provide results regarding the extension their shelf-lives and activities as functional foods.
    Keywords: by-product ; rheological properties ; optimization ; melting profile ; antioxidant activity ; mayonnaise ; olive mill wastewater ; oxidative stability ; phenolic extract ; pork ; fatty acid ; amino acid ; mineral ; meat ; sustainability ; spent biomass ; prebiotic potential ; enzymatic digestion ; biorefinery ; circular economy ; by-products ; ovine scotta ; bioactive peptides ; bromelain ; pancreatin ; dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition ; ovine second whey cheese ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; wasted bread ; bioprocessing ; lactic acid bacteria ; soil amendment ; byproducts ; vegetable oil industry ; phenolics ; flavonoids ; photochemiluminescence ; cold-pressed oil by-product ; gum ; thixotropic behavior ; low-fat vegan mayonnaise ; thickeners ; gelling agents ; tomato pomace ; lycopene ; β-carotene ; extraction ; food by-products ; deep eutectic solvents ; non-thermal drying ; stilbene ; vine shoots ; viticulture waste ; trans-resveratrol ; ε-viniferin ; Italian varieties ; no-waste ; omega-3 ; smart sensors ; reuse ; fish oil industry ; recovery ; chemometrics ; lipid profile ; aquafaba ; cold-pressed oils ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; egg replacement ; physicochemical properties ; radical scavenging activity ; vegan mayonnaise ; Amberlite resin ; hazelnut skin ; polyphenols ; Pinot noir pomace ; solid–liquid extraction ; valorization ; fatty acids ; derivatization ; cranberry pomace ; dietary fiber ; technological properties ; kiwi byproducts ; probiotic ; prebiotic ; Lactobacillus casei ; ingredients ; functional foods ; microbial spoilage ; lipidic oxidation ; antioxidant ; predictive microbiology ; food preservation ; food safety ; sustainable strategy ; by-product reuse ; kinetic parameters ; Olea europaea ; waste reuse ; inulin ; high polymerization degree ; functional pasta ; glycemic index ; prebiotics growth ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The concept of remote sensing as a way of capturing information from an object without making contact with it has, until recently, been exclusively focused on the use of Earth observation satellites.The emergence of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) controlled navigation and sensor-carrying capabilities has increased the number of publications related to new remote sensing from much closer distances. Previous knowledge about the behavior of the Earth's surface under the incidence different wavelengths of energy has been successfully applied to a large amount of data recorded from UAVs, thereby increasing the special and temporal resolution of the products obtained.More specifically, the ability of UAVs to be positioned in the air at pre-programmed coordinate points; to track flight paths; and in any case, to record the coordinates of the sensor position at the time of the shot and at the pitch, yaw, and roll angles have opened an interesting field of applications for low-altitude aerial photogrammetry, known as UAV photogrammetry. In addition, photogrammetric data processing has been improved thanks to the combination of new algorithms, e.g., structure from motion (SfM), which solves the collinearity equations without the need for any control point, producing a cloud of points referenced to an arbitrary coordinate system and a full camera calibration, and the multi-view stereopsis (MVS) algorithm, which applies an expanding procedure of sparse set of matched keypoints in order to obtain a dense point cloud. The set of technical advances described above allows for geometric modeling of terrain surfaces with high accuracy, minimizing the need for topographic campaigns for georeferencing of such products.This Special Issue aims to compile some applications realized thanks to the synergies established between new remote sensing from close distances and UAV photogrammetry.
    Keywords: unmanned aerial vehicle ; urban LULC ; GEOBIA ; multiscale classification ; unmanned aircraft system (UAS) ; deep learning ; super-resolution (SR) ; convolutional neural network (CNN) ; generative adversarial network (GAN) ; structure-from-motion ; photogrammetry ; remote sensing ; UAV ; 3D-model ; surveying ; vertical wall ; snow ; remotely piloted aircraft systems ; structure from motion ; lidar ; forests ; orthophotography ; construction planning ; sustainable construction ; urbanism ; BIM ; building maintenance ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; structure-from-motion (SfM) ; ground control points (GCP) ; accuracy assessment ; point clouds ; corridor mapping ; UAV photogrammetry ; terrain modeling ; vegetation removal ; unmanned aerial vehicles ; power lines ; image-based reconstruction ; 3D reconstruction ; unmanned aerial systems ; time series ; accuracy ; reproducibility ; orthomosaic ; validation ; drone ; GNSS RTK ; precision ; elevation ; multispectral imaging ; vegetation indices ; nutritional analysis ; correlation ; optimal harvest time ; UAV images ; monoscopic mapping ; stereoscopic plotting ; image overlap ; optimal image selection ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The sustainable development of our planet depends on the use of energy. The increasing world population inevitably causes an increase in the demand for energy, which, on the one hand, threatens us with the potential to encounter a shortage of energy supply, and, on the other hand, causes the deterioration of the environment. Therefore, our task is to reduce this demand through different innovative solutions (i.e., both technological and social). Social marketing and economic policies can also play their role by affecting the behavior of households and companies and by causing behavioral change oriented to energy stewardship, with an overall switch to renewable energy resources. This reprint provides a platform for the exchange of a wide range of ideas, which, ultimately, would facilitate driving societies toward long-term energy efficiency.
    Keywords: natural resources ; globalization ; energy ; nonparametric causality in quantiles ; energy security ; power market ; near-zero emission technologies ; oxy-fuel combustion cycles ; emission rights sales mechanism ; economic assessment ; Oil Companies ; innovations ; investments in R&amp ; D ; forecasting the Innovation activities ; industry 4.0 ; Agenda 2030 ; sustainable human development ; measuring development ; energy sustainability ; indirect measurement ; composed indexes ; forecasting ; linear regression ; planning ; polynomial regression ; power supply ; green building ; housing projects management ; sustainable construction ; renewable energy sources ; real estate developers ; deviation ; energy dependence ; energy efficiency management ; energy saving ; cost ; risk limit ; energy industry ; energy supply ; energy intensity ; energy efficiency ; energy industry risks ; dilemma ; development ; Kazakhstan ; energy transitions ; Latin America ; power system ; sustainability ; economic growth ; pollution ; renewable energy ; oil and gas industry ; investments ; rating ; competitiveness ; financial analysis ; risk ; profitability ; merchandising technologies ; correlation ; scenario ; social development ; optimization ; investment ; financial portfolio ; financial leverage ; integral rating ; industry rating ; high-tech company ; decision-making ; minimax ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Today, modern Geotechnical Engineers, who in the past would have considered the phenomena occurring in the (primarily soil) environment, are faced with developments in environmental sciences that are becoming increasingly more detailed and sophisticated, with the natural phenomena and processes surrounding the civil engineering infrastructure being modeled, designed, monitored, and assessed in a more holistic way. This book brings together the state of the art in geotechnics with a focus on sustainable design, resilience, construction, and monitoring of the performance of geotechnical assets from ground investigations, through foundation and drainage design to soil stabilization and reinforcement. Engineers and scientists working in the fields of green infrastructure, nature-based solutions, sustainable drainage, eco-engineering, hydro-geology, landscape planning, plant science, environmental biology or bio-chemistry, earth sciences, GIS, and remote sensing are represented here by articles that show significant geotechnical components or applications. Case studies showcasing the application of the sustainable development principles (e.g., reuse, recycle, reduce; stakeholder engagement; public health; UN Global Sustainability Goals) in Geotechnics are also included in this book.
    Keywords: machine learning ; random forest ; particle swarm optimization ; Vietnam ; Seepage ; Earth-fill dam ; Experimental analysis ; Numerical analysis ; SEEP/W model ; Dam safety and sustainability ; highway construction ; environmental protection ; soil loss ; erosion control ; risk ; hazard ; vulnerability ; landslides ; multicriteria assessment ; analytical hierarchy process ; calcium sulfoaluminate cement ; stabilized soil ; unconfined compressive strength ; hydration products ; microstructure ; sustainability ; geosynthetics ; poly(lactic acid) ; biopolymers ; geogrids ; tensile strength ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of testing of different materials and elements in civil engineering, from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in concrete elements and structures, and acoustic methods predominate in this field. As in medicine, the trend is towards designing test equipment that allows one to obtain a picture of the inside of the tested element and materials. Interesting results with significance for building practices were obtained.
    Keywords: rock bolt ; grouting quality ; dynamic response ; natural frequency ; finite element method ; monitoring ; historical masonry wall ; hygrothermal processes ; internal insulation ; testing of building materials ; test uncertainty ; validation of test methods ; sustainable test methods ; recycling ; foamed asphalt mixtures with cement (FAC) ; base layer ; reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) ; fatigue durability ; GFRP ; FRP reinforcement ; shear ; capacity ; reinforced concrete beams ; column ; stiffness ; FRCM ; PBO mesh ; PBO–FRCM ; carpentry joints ; scarf and splice joints ; stop-splayed scarf joints (‘bolt of lightning’) ; static behaviour ; experimental research ; concrete ; non-destructive testing ; ultrasounds ; ultrasonic tomography ; acoustic methods ; defects ; diagnostic ; detection ; convolutional neural networks ; transfer learning ; monitoring FBG ; power transmission tower ; civil engineering ; X-ray microtomography ; microstructure characteristics ; infiltration damage ; high-strength concrete ; steel fibres ; flexural tensile strength ; fracture energy ; numerical analysis ; concrete floors ; compressive strength ; strength distribution ; industrial floors ; ultrasound tests ; ventilated facades ; large-scale facade model ; fire safety ; fiber cement board ; large-slab ceramic tile ; plasterboards ; moisture content ; hydration processes ; mechanical properties ; ultrasound measurements ; ESD resin ; expansion joint ; quasi-plastic material ; energy absorption ; asphalt mix ; compaction index ; volumetric parameters ; stiffness modulus ; moisture resistance ; roughness ; texture ; close-range photogrammetry ; bond strength ; random field generation ; semivariograms ; hybrid truss bridge ; steel–concrete connection joint ; mechanical behavior ; failure mode ; strain ; static test ; static elastic modulus ; dynamic elastic modulus ; machine learning ; P-wave ; S-wave ; resonance frequency test ; nondestructive method ; Al–Ti laminate ; fracture ; acoustic emission diagnostic ; pattern recognition ; clustering AE signal ; storage systems ; tab connector ; flexural test ; capable design moment ; restrained ring test ; autogenous shrinkage cracking ; concrete cracking test ; concrete shrinkage cracking test ; restrined ring calibration ; cement–fiber boards ; acoustic emission method ; k-means algorithm ; wavelet analysis ; fiber composites ; ground penetrating radar (GPR) ; HMA dielectric constant ; road pavement thickness estimation ; early age concrete ; damage processes detection before loading ; strength of structures ; aggregate ; classification ; wire mesh ; roundness ; tilting angle ; opening size ; concrete centrifugation ; morphology ; image processing ; porosity ; cement ; waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) ; controlled low-strength material (CLSM) ; unconfined compressive strength ; bearing capacity ; backfill material ; P-wave velocity ; amplitude attenuation ; resistivity ; CT scan ; sandstone ; damage variable ; nuclear magnetic resonance ; spin-lattice relaxometry ; proton ; hydration kinetics ; superplasticizer ; ready-mixed concrete ; construction material ; quality assessment ; conformity criteria ; statistical-fuzzy method ; FRTP ; rivet ; connection ; polyethylene pipe ; mechanical properties of polyethylene ; resistance strain ; computer simulation ; residual shear stress ; particle crushing ; ring shear test ; particle flow code (PFC2D) ; frictional work ; fibre-reinforced concrete ; recycled steel fibres ; micro-computed tomography ; scanning electron microscopy ; tensile strength ; reinforced concrete ; diagnostic testing ; corrosion ; carbonation ; galvanostatic pulse method ; phase composition analysis ; X-ray analysis ; thermal analysis ; quasi-brittle cement composites ; low-module polypropylene fibres ; elastic range ; digital image correlation ; Arcan shear test ; wood ; orthotropic shear modulus ; elastic-plastic material ; shear wave velocity ; sand ; bender elements test ; grain-size characteristics ; complex modulus ; shrinkage analysis ; reclaimed asphalt ; mineral–cement emulsion mixtures ; cement dusty by-products (UCPPs) ; degradation of glass panels ; effective area ratio ; relative mass loss ; visible light transmittance ; windblown sand ; wood-plastic composites ; methods of testing resistance to fungi ; methods of assessment ; ground-penetrating radar (GPR) ; non-destructive techniques (NDT) ; corrosion of reinforcement ; slip resistance ; granite floor ; slip resistance value ; ramp test ; acceptance angle ; sliding friction coefficient ; comparability of test methods ; wall temperature ; fibre bragg grating sensors ; freeze-thaw cycles ; signal analysis ; short-time Fourier transform ; fast Fourier transform ; brine ; sodium chloride ; X-ray ; partition walls ; brick walls ; bending strength ; cracking ; post-tension ; cable ; girder ; destructive test ; non-destructive test ; structural health monitoring ; safety ; monitoring fibre Bragg grating ; mining areas ; strain/stress distribution ; geopolymer concrete ; fly-ash ; bottom-ash ; neural network ; sustainability ; industrial waste management ; flexural strength ; cladding ; AE acoustic emission ; micro-events ; sound spectrum ; traditional and quasi-brittle cement composites ; residual-state creep ; saturation front ; landslides ; erosional stability ; laboratory testing ; grout mixtures ; groundwater ; test apparatus ; testing ; building materials ; elements ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Agriculture requires technical solutions for increasing production while lessening environmental impact by reducing the application of agro-chemicals and increasing the use of environmentally friendly management practices. A benefit of this is the reduction of production costs. Sensor technologies produce tools to achieve the abovementioned goals. The explosive technological advances and developments in recent years have enormously facilitated the attainment of these objectives, removing many barriers for their implementation, including the reservations expressed by farmers. Precision agriculture and ‘smart farming’ are emerging areas where sensor-based technologies play an important role. Farmers, researchers, and technical manufacturers are joining their efforts to find efficient solutions, improvements in production, and reductions in costs. This book brings together recent research and developments concerning novel sensors and their applications in agriculture. Sensors in agriculture are based on the requirements of farmers, according to the farming operations that need to be addressed.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; optical sensor ; spectral analysis ; response surface sampling ; sensor evaluation ; electromagnetic induction ; multivariate water quality parameters ; mandarin orange ; crop inspection platform ; SPA-MLR ; object tracking ; feature selection ; simultaneous measurement ; diseases ; genetic algorithms ; processing of sensed data ; electrochemical sensors ; thermal image ; ECa-directed soil sampling ; handheld ; recognition patterns ; salt concentration ; clover-grass ; bovine embedded hardware ; weed control ; soil ; field crops ; vineyard ; connected dominating set ; water depth sensors ; SS-OCT ; wheat ; striped stem-borer ; silage ; geostatistics ; detection ; NIR hyperspectral imaging ; electronic nose ; machine learning ; virtual organizations of agents ; packing density ; data validation and calibration ; dataset ; Wi-SUN ; temperature sensors ; geoinformatics ; gas sensor ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ; vegetable oil ; photograph-grid method ; Vitis vinifera ; WSN distribution algorithms ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; irrigation ; quality assessment ; energy efficiency ; wireless sensor network (WSN) ; geo-information ; Fusarium ; texture features ; weeds ; discrimination ; big data ; soil moisture sensors ; meat spoilage ; land cover ; stereo imaging ; near infrared sensors ; biological sensing ; compound sensor ; pest management ; moisture ; plant localization ; heavy metal contamination ; artificial neural networks ; spectral pre-processing ; moisture content ; apparent soil electrical conductivity ; data fusion ; semi-arid regions ; smart irrigation ; back propagation model ; wireless sensor network ; energy balance ; light-beam ; fluorescent measurement ; agriculture ; precision agriculture ; deep learning ; spectroscopy ; hulled barely ; dielectric probe ; RPAS ; water supply network ; rice leaves ; mobile app ; gradient boosted machines ; hyperspectral camera ; one-class ; nitrogen ; LiDAR ; total carbon ; chemometrics analysis ; rice ; agricultural land ; on-line vis-NIR measurement ; CARS ; obstacle detection ; stratification ; neural networks ; regression estimator ; Kinect ; proximity sensing ; distributed systems ; pest ; noninvasive detection ; texture feature ; soil mapping ; classification ; soil salinity ; visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy ; germination ; computer vision ; hyperspectral imaging ; diffusion ; dielectric dispersion ; UAS ; random forests ; case studies ; total nitrogen ; thermal imaging ; cameras ; dry matter composition ; near-infrared ; salt tolerance ; deep convolutional neural networks ; soil type classification ; water management ; preprocessing methods ; wireless sensor networks (WSN) ; remote sensing image classification ; precision plant protection ; radar ; spatial variability ; GF-1 satellite ; plant disease ; naked barley ; leaf area index ; CIE-Lab ; change of support ; radiative transfer model ; 3D reconstruction ; plant phenotyping ; vine ; near infrared ; vegetation indices ; remote sensing ; greenhouse ; time-series data ; scattering ; sensor ; crop area ; speckle ; spatial data ; grapevine breeding ; wide field view ; partial least squares-discriminant analysis ; spiking ; area frame sampling ; chromium content ; machine-learning ; RGB-D sensor ; pest scouting ; PLS ; Capsicum annuum ; spatial-temporal model ; drying temperature ; boron tolerance ; ambient intelligence ; laser wavelength ; fuzzy logic ; dynamic weight ; landslide ; management zones ; real-time processing ; event detection ; crop monitoring ; apple shelf-life ; rice field monitoring ; wireless sensor ; birth sensor ; proximal sensor ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The use of telemedicine and mobile devices is growing, and sensors might aid in creating creative solutions. Developing these solutions is crucial for monitoring senior citizens, lifestyles, and medical procedures. This Special Issue’s goal was to bring together academics and professionals in healthcare and medicine interested in using information and communication technologies (ICT) to serve people with special needs. The development of assistive technology for various users to follow sports and other activities is strongly tied to this study area. Data protection is crucial, and the development of these solutions for medical uses should be verified. The security and privacy of the information may be tied to other recognized research projects for their acceptability. ICT research has considerably improved quality of life and has fully assimilated all citizens into society through medical rehabilitation and assistive technology. The technologies and research fields that influence medical informatics include databases, networking, graphical user interfaces, data mining, machine learning, intelligent decision support systems, and specialized programming languages. Because mobile devices are commonly used for several everyday chores and are equipped with sensors that monitor various physical and physiological indicators, it is crucial to encourage the development of m-Health and e-Health solutions for healthcare practitioners. In this area, several solutions are now being developed. In addition, they can collaborate with emerging technologies for social assistance while enhancing life quality.
    Keywords: data privacy ; taxonomy ; IoT ; COVID-19 ; mobile application ; accelerometer sensor ; stand-up time ; total time ; aging ; linear-map convolutional neural network ; direct acyclic graph ; action recognition ; spatial feature ; temporal feature ; frailty ; home monitoring ; user-centered design ; usability ; user experience ; acceptance ; activity recognition ; Internet of Things ; smart house ; deep learning ; channel state information ; glaucoma screening ; retinal images ; segmentation ; classification ; precision nutrition ; food plans ; machine learning ; food logging ; Eight Hop Test ; systematic review ; measurement ; sensors ; diseases ; wrist-wearable device ; PPG processing ; physiological parameters ; web-based applications ; data analysis ; elderly monitoring ; successful aging ; gerontechnology ; AAL ; healthcare ; prevalidation ; deployment ; chronic heart failure ; large-scale pilot ; H2020 ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Nowadays, forecast applications are receiving unprecedent attention thanks to their capability to improve the decision-making processes by providing useful indications. A large number of forecast approaches related to different forecast horizons and to the specific problem that have to be predicted have been proposed in recent scientific literature, from physical models to data-driven statistic and machine learning approaches. In this Special Issue, the most recent and high-quality researches about forecast are collected. A total of nine papers have been selected to represent a wide range of applications, from weather and environmental predictions to economic and management forecasts. Finally, some applications related to the forecasting of the different phases of COVID in Spain and the photovoltaic power production have been presented.
    Keywords: Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) ; IFS/ECMWF ; forecast ; evaluation ; DNI attenuation Index (DAI) ; bias correction ; nowcast ; meteorological radar data ; optical flow ; deep learning ; Bates–Granger weights ; uniform weights ; (REG) ARIMA ; ETS ; Hodrick–Prescott trend ; Google Trends indices ; Himalayan region ; streamflow forecast verification ; persistence ; snow-fed rivers ; intermittent rivers ; costumer relation management ; business to business sales prediction ; machine learning ; predictive modeling ; microsoft azure machine-learning service ; travel time forecasting ; time series ; bus service ; transit systems ; sustainable urban mobility plan ; bus travel time ; learning curve ; forecasting ; production cost ; cost estimating ; semi-empirical model ; logistic map ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; PV output power estimation ; PV-load decoupling ; behind-the-meter PV ; baseline prediction ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This book discusses the role of environmental and social impact assessments in companies, such as profit and non-profit realities as a pathway for sustainable development and the role of hybrid organizations in the context of growth and change. The book includes theoretical analyses, case studies, and literature reviews on impact assessment using broad perspectives. Finally, the links between social assessment and social finance are addressed.
    Keywords: environmental and social impact assessment ; dam and mega-projects ; forced displacement and resettlement ; land eviction and expropriation ; Borneo and Orang Ulu ; first nations and ethnic minorities ; social finance ; social banking ; sustainable development ; bibliometric analysis ; principle of sustainable development ; public interest ; individual interest ; cultural heritage ; law ; hybrid organization ; social impact ; value creation ; civil service ; social impact assessment ; social impact models ; sustainability ; third sector ; SIA models ; comprehensive review ; human capital ; integrated reporting ; building information modelling (BIM) ; construction and demolition waste (CDW) ; design build (DB) ; environmental assessment ; public client ; waste minimization ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Systems Thinking Special Issue contains 12 papers on the nature of systems thinking as it applies to systems engineering, systems science, system dynamics, and related fields. Systems thinking can be broadly considered the activity of thinking applied in a systems context, forming a basis for fundamental approaches to several systems disciplines, including systems engineering, systems science, and system dynamics. Although these are somewhat distinct fields, they are bound by common approaches in regard to systems. Whereas systems engineering seeks to apply a multidisciplinary, holistic approach to the development of systems, systems science seeks to understand the basics related to systems of all kinds, from natural to man-made, and system dynamics seeks to understand system structures in order to influence its dynamics. Man-made systems have become more ubiquitous and complex. The study of systems, both natural and engineered, presents new challenges and opportunities to understand emergent, dynamic behaviors that inform the process of sense-making based on systems thinking.
    Keywords: systems philosophy ; heuristic systems principles ; scientific systems principles ; general systems principles ; specialized systems principles ; general systems theory ; GST ; sustainability ; systems thinking ; UN sustainable development goals ; mental models ; neoliberalism ; ecological economics ; isomorphic systems processes (ISPs) ; Monterey Phoenix (MP) ; behavior modeling ; emergent behavior ; cycles and cycling ; systems processes theory (SPT) ; family ; family system ; natural systems thinking ; Murray Bowen ; integrative theory ; competence ; maturity models ; worldview ; Worldview Inquiry Framework ; General Inquiry Framework ; system thinking ; systems approach ; capacity for systems thinking ; Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality type test ; concept map ; termbase ; systems perspective ; ontology of systems ; frontier research ; shadow IT ; IT integration ; IT integration drawbacks ; application integration ; path dependency ; path biography ; switching costs ; education for sustainable development ; teacher education ; systems education ; soft systems methodology (SSM) ; bibliometrics ; academic impact of SSM ; data visualization ; systems engineering ; healthcare system design ; clinical models ; socio-technical system ; model-based systems engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint explores the challenges faced by Europe as it transitions to renewable energy sources to reduce carbon emissions and enhance energy security. With 10 articles covering various countries and sectors, the book delves into issues such as solar and wind energy intermittency, the role of energy policies, and the integration of energy grids and markets. The collection also includes studies on the impact of energy policies on residential energy efficiency, the use of financial incentives for eco-friendly housing, and the benefits of district heating. The reprint aims to provide policymakers, academics, and practitioners with valuable insights into the current state of renewable energy in Europe and the policies and actions that can be taken to achieve a sustainable energy future.
    Keywords: energy efficiency ; econometrics ; EPCs ; incentive policies ; Portugal ; natural gas ; carbon dioxide emissions ; economic growth ; consumption of renewables ; renewable energy ; energy transition ; energy security ; energy policies ; electricity prices ; biofuel ; levelized cost of heat ; heat supply ; thermal energy ; delivery costs ; environmental tax rates ; solid fuel boiler ; clean technologies ; financial development ; pollutant emission ; renewable energy consumption ; Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) ; coal supply ; model of production type ; flow representation ; domestic production and imports ; district heating ; combined heat and power ; review ; energy policy ; eco-friendly houses ; energy economics ; Lisbon ; sustainability ; statistical analysis ; sustainable development ; green investment ; green growth ; green energy ; electromobility ; development conditions ; market sectors ; data analysis ; statistical methods ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The book Green, Energy-Efficient and Sustainable Networks provides insights and solutions for a range of problems in the field of obtaining greener, energy-efficient, and sustainable networks. The book contains the outcomes of the Special Issue on “Green, Energy-Efficient and Sustainable Networks” of the Sensors journal. Seventeen high-quality papers published in the Special Issue have been collected and reproduced in this book, demonstrating significant achievements in the field. Among the published papers, one paper is an editorial and one is a review, while the remaining 15 works are research articles. The published papers are self-contained peer-reviewed scientific works that are authored by more than 75 different contributors with both academic and industry backgrounds. The editorial paper gives an introduction to the problem of information and communication technology (ICT) energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, presenting the state of the art and future trends in terms of improving the energy-efficiency of wireless networks and data centers, as the major energy consumers in the ICT sector. In addition, the published articles aim to improve energy efficiency in the fields of software-defined networking, Internet of things, machine learning, authentication, energy harvesting, wireless relay systems, routing metrics, wireless sensor networks, device-to-device communications, heterogeneous wireless networks, and image sensing. The last paper is a review that gives a detailed overview of energy-efficiency improvements and methods for the implementation of fifth-generation networks and beyond. This book can serve as a source of information in industrial, teaching, and/or research and development activities. The book is a valuable source of information, since it presents recent advances in different fields related to greening and improving the energy-efficiency and sustainability of those ICTs particularly addressed in this book
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; node speed ; linear recovery ; resource block allocation ; social awareness ; internet-of-things ; scheduling algorithm ; renewables ; neural network ; battery capacity ; energy awareness ; measurement structure ; optimization ; energy efficiency ; charging efficiency ; random structural matrices ; SDN ; water filling algorithm ; ONOS ; energy harvesting ; malware detection ; node density ; HetNets ; sustainability ; cooperative smart community ; adversarial samples ; spatial modulation ; NOMA ; 5G ; light-weight authentication ; green networking ; Device-to-Device (D2D) ; lightweight cipher ; mobile edge computing ; wireless power transfer ; adaptive link rate ; successive interference cancellation (SIC) ; directional charging vehicle ; self-interference cancellation ; proportional rate constraint ; inter-meeting time ; sustainable ; RWSN ; channel state information ; stochastic geometry ; networks ; green internet of things (IoT) ; PHY-layer ; IoT ; Markov chain ; traffic engineering ; QoS ; energy-efficient Ethernet ; power ; lightweight authentication ; energy aware routing ; authentication ; wired access ; amplify-and-forward ; software defined networking (SDN) ; image compressive sensing (CS) ; green ; edge computing ; LTE-A ; opportunistic networks ; RF Fingerprinting ; data centre ; multiple-input multiple-output ; Internet of Things ; machine learning ; peer discovery ; full-duplex ; industrial ; carbon footprint ; WSN ; imperfect CSI ; data center ; symbol error probability ; physical-layer authentication ; interference coordination ; clustering ; control and data plane ; wireless ; ICT ; bisection based optimal power allocation ; energy-efficiency ; consumer preferences ; real-time traffic ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Water resource management includes the consideration of all disciplines of hydrology and water sources. Water supplies are allocated and diverted to cover the water needs of a range of agricultural, municipal, industrial, hydro-electrical, and ecological water uses. These water uses are, usually, very competitive, as the available water resources are limited and it is not possible to cover the total water needs in a basin, requiring the setting of water use priorities to best serve societal and ecological needs. To manage the water resources and waterworks may, sometimes, lead to confrontational deliberations and negotiations. As a result, water resource management is one of the world’s greatest challenges due to competition for limited resources, regional disparities in water supply and affluence, mounting global water demand, aquifer depletion, and pollution- and climate-change-induced water stress. Proper policy and governance for sustainable water resource management is essential and require new fresh ideas, innovation, and international cooperation. This book includes seven papers by invited renowned researchers and engineers to cover issues of water resource management, governance, and policy. These issues include the following topics: Integrated water resource management; Water resource systems and water availability; National and international water policy, institutional arrangements, and water law; Water conflict resolution, public participation, and decision making; Water resource management, policy and governance in socially and environmentally sensitive areas and regions.
    Keywords: water allocation ; planning ; river/reservoir systems ; water availability modeling ; global change ; integrated assessment modelling ; system dynamics simulation ; water resources management ; water supply ; climate change ; earth system ; feedback ; conflicts ; environmental flows ; small-scale hydropower projects ; institutional change ; nestedness ; governance mode ; legal pluralism ; mulberry-dyke-fish pond ecosystem ; spatial evolution analysis ; remote sensing ; Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area ; prolonged drought ; scarcity ; indicators ; transboundary river basins ; Iberian Peninsula ; climate crisis ; water adaptation ; Greece ; Koronia lake ; sustainability ; Mygdonia Basin ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Due to its low adaptability to climate change, the MENA region has become a "hot spot". Water scarcity, extreme heat, drought, and crop failure will worsen as the region becomes more urbanized and industrialized. Both water and food scarcity are made worse by civil wars, terrorism, and political and social unrest. It is unclear how climate change will affect the MENA water–food–energy nexus. All of these concerns need to be empirically evaluated and quantified for a full climate change assessment in the region. Policymakers in the MENA region need to be aware of this interconnection between population growth, rapid urbanization, food safety, climate change, and the global goal of lowering greenhouse gas emissions (as planned in COP27). Researchers from a wide range of disciplines have come together in this SI to investigate the connections between water, food, energy, and climate in the region. By assessing the impacts of climate change on hydrological processes, natural disasters, water supply, energy production and demand, and environmental impacts in the region, this SI will aid in implementation of sustainable solutions to these challenges across multiple spatial scales.
    Keywords: drought ; flood ; standard precipitation index ; rainfall anomaly index ; soil conservation service-curve number ; high-heat devices ; electronics cooling ; thermal management ; CFD ; heat transfer enhancement ; microchannels ; inserts ; greenhouse gases ; geospatial analysis ; remote sensing ; Arabian Peninsula ; climate change ; rainwater harvesting ; arid areas ; metrologic analysis ; hydrologic modeling ; AHP ; decolorization ; direct red-81 ; graphene ; methylene blue ; nitrate reductases ; operating parameters ; zero-valent iron ; water pricing ; urban infrastructure ; multi-block pricing ; externality costing ; single-block pricing ; urban warming ; urban bias ; land surface temperature ; MODIS ; GAIA dataset ; Mann–Kendall test ; Theil–Sen estimator ; CO2 absorption ; MEA ; membrane contactor ; porosity ; pore size ; natural convection ; melting PCM ; enthalpy-porosity method ; mushy zone parameter ; adsorption ; membrane ; adsorptive membrane ; activated carbon ; dye removal ; hybrid membrane ; solar concentrator ; thermal ; helical rotating shaft ; active methods ; GIS ; Nile Delta region ; modified DRASTIC-LU ; groundwater vulnerability ; geospatial technique ; energy hub ; cogeneration systems ; Archimedes optimization algorithm ; sustainable ; emissions ; water management ; irrigation water requirements ; CROPWAT model ; numerical simulation ; turbulent flow ; plate heat exchanger ; sand and dust storms ; hydrology ; surface and ground water changes ; spatial-temporal analysis ; Middle East ; assessment ; protection structures ; inundation ; hazards ; shoreline changes ; Nile Delta ; modeling ; biogas ; methane ; landfill of Mohammedia ; upgrading ; gold nanoparticles ; instant nanosynthesis ; urchin-shaped nanogold ; green capping agent ; biocompatible nanogold ; groundwater salinization ; ion ratios ; stable isotopes ; seawater mixing index (SMI) ; northwest coast ; weighted overlay model ; analytical hierarchical process (ahp) ; thematic layers ; biochar ; croplands and rangelands ; carbon sequestration ; organic manures ; aquaculture ; sustainability ; Egypt ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Remote image capture systems are a key element in efficient and sustainable agriculture nowadays. They are increasingly being used to obtain information of interest from the crops, the soil and the environment. It includes different types of capturing devices: from satellites and drones, to in-field devices; different types of spectral information, from visible RGB images, to multispectral images; different types of applications; and different types of techniques in the areas of image processing, computer vision, pattern recognition and machine learning. This book covers all these aspects, through a series of chapters that describe specific recent applications of these techniques in interesting problems of agricultural engineering.
    Keywords: SVM ; budding rate ; UAV ; geometric consistency ; radiometric consistency ; point clouds ; ICP ; reflectance maps ; vegetation indices ; Parrot Sequoia ; artificial intelligence ; precision agriculture ; agricultural robot ; optimization algorithm ; online operation ; segmentation ; coffee leaf rust ; machine learning ; deep learning ; remote sensing ; Fourth Industrial Revolution ; Agriculture 4.0 ; failure strain ; sandstone ; digital image correlation ; Hill–Tsai failure criterion ; finite element method ; reference evapotranspiration ; moisture sensors ; machine learning regression ; frequency-domain reflectometry ; randomizable filtered classifier ; convolutional neural network ; U-Net ; land use ; banana plantation ; Panama TR4 ; aerial photography ; remote images ; systematic mapping study ; agriculture ; applications ; total leaf area ; mixed pixels ; Cabernet Sauvignon ; NDVI ; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ; precision viticulture ; 3D model ; spatial vision ; fertirrigation ; teaching–learning ; spectrometry ; Sentinel-2 ; pasture quality index ; normalized difference vegetation index ; normalized difference water index ; supplementation ; decision making ; digital agriculture ; grape yield estimate ; berries counting ; Dilated CNN ; machine learning algorithms ; classification performance ; winter wheat mapping ; large-scale ; water stress ; Prunus avium L. ; stem water potential ; low-cost thermography ; thermal indexes ; canopy temperature ; non-water-stressed baselines ; non-transpiration baseline ; soil moisture ; andosols ; image processing ; greenhouse ; automatic tomato harvesting ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Higher education has been considered both an ‘engine’ for innovation and a ‘catalyst’ for sustainability development; the integration of both the innovation engine and sustainability catalyst roles are discussed in a recently published Special Issue on the theme of Higher Education in Innovation Ecosystems in the journal Sustainability. Based on 16 articles contributing to the Special Issue from various perspectives, the Special Issue editors have developed an overarching framework about the relationships between higher education and innovation ecosystems. In the framework, we re-define the concept of innovation ecosystem and identify emerging roles of universities in developing sustainable innovation ecosystems. Re-conceptualization of innovation ecosystems In the editorial of the Special Issue, innovation ecosystem is defined as: co-innovation networks in which actors from organizations concerned with the functions of knowledge production, wealth creation, and norm control interact with each other in forming co-evolution and interdependent relations (both direct or indirect) in cross-geographical contexts and through which new ideas and approaches from various internal and external sources are integrated into a platform to generate shared values for the sustainable transformation of society. Compared with most commonly cited definitions of innovation ecosystem, our definition highlights three new aspects of interactions in co-innovation networks: cross-sectoral, transnational, and indirect, drawing insights from the literature including innovation, geography, and biology studies. The roles of universities in innovation ecosystems The emerging roles of universities in innovation ecosystems are as follows: (1) The role of universities is changing from being a central player in technology transfer to being an anchor in knowledge exchange; (2) universities are assuming a new role in trust-building between actors in innovation ecosystems; and (3) universities are not merely an entrepreneurial universities but are also institutional entrepreneur in the innovation ecosystem. The three emerging roles all indicate that universities are becoming the catalysts for sustainable development in innovation ecosystems. Knowledge exchange is crucial for sustainability; trust is the foundation of the sustainable networks; social entrepreneurship is indispensable for sustainable social change. Evidence in wider contexts A total of 44 authors from 10 countries contributed to the discussions on the changing roles of higher education in innovation ecosystems from varying perspectives. They also report transformations within higher education and universities’ responses to both external and internal transformations. When addressing these issues, the studies provide both theoretical and methodological contributions to the research on higher education in innovation ecosystems. The 16 articles can be generally placed into four categories: (1) new demands for universities arising from the transformation in society toward innovation ecosystems, (2) transformations within higher education responding to emerging societal demands, (3) dynamics of the interaction of university with other innovation actors in a transnational context, and (4) academic and student mobility for higher education innovation. Calling for a new research agenda While societal changes demand broader roles of universities, they also call for and leads to substantial changes within the internal fabric of the university. The innovations in both society and the universities necessitate a renewed understanding of higher education in society, which has become a new research agenda in studies on innovation in higher education. We hope our Special Issue will inspire and encourage more scholars to join the research field.
    Keywords: transnational industry cooperation ; transnational university cooperation ; transnational innovation ecosystem ; EU–China ; science, technology and innovation cooperation ; transdisciplinary approach ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; Higher Education ; University ; Entrepreneurial competences ; Employability ; Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) ; Open Innovation ; business creation ; technology transfer ; innovation ; innovation ecosystem ; entrepreneurship education ; science and technology ; sustainability ; higher education ; educational innovation ; Mexico ; academic mobility ; knowledge transfer ; higher education innovation ; institutional environment ; postgraduate education ; education level ; discipline background ; graduation institution ; R&amp ; D investment ; triple helix ; synergy mechanism ; national system of innovation ; China ; Belt and Road Initiative ; developmental model of intercultural sensitivity ; general model of instructional communication ; instructional beliefs model ; intercultural communication competence model ; green GDP ; environment ; sustainable development ; global innovation systems ; Chinese research university ; faculty income ; academic labor market ; ordinary labor market ; joint R&amp ; D institute ; institutional logics ; China’s innovation system ; China’s transnational Triple Helix linkages ; problem-solving ; critical reflection ; knowledge integration ; social learning ; systemic thinking ; entrepreneurial university ; entrepreneurship ; influencing factors ; sustainable universities ; corporate sustainability ; tensions ; integrative framework ; Finnish universities ; higher education system ; social entrepreneurship ; entrepreneurial universities ; business model innovation ; socialist economies ; Cuba ; knowledge brokers ; knowledge intensive policies ; smart specialisation ; innovation ecosystems ; global talent ; social integration ; economic integration ; Chinese student ; Finland ; university ; third mission ; knowledge-based society ; global innovation networks ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Recent years have seen a vast development in various methodologies for object detection and feature extraction and recognition, both in theory and in practice. When processing images, videos, or other types of multimedia, one needs efficient solutions to perform fast and reliable processing. Computational intelligence is used for medical screening where the detection of disease symptoms is carried out, in prevention monitoring to detect suspicious behavior, in agriculture systems to help with growing plants and animal breeding, in transportation systems for the control of incoming and outgoing transportation, for unmanned vehicles to detect obstacles and avoid collisions, in optics and materials for the detection of surface damage, etc. In many cases, we use developed techniques which help us to recognize some special features. In the context of this innovative research on computational intelligence, the Special Issue “Advanced Computational Intelligence for Object Detection, Feature Extraction and Recognition in Smart Sensor Environments” present an excellent opportunity for the dissemination of recent results and achievements for further innovations and development. It is my pleasure to present this collection of excellent contributions to the research community. - Prof. Marcin Woźniak, Silesian University of Technology, Poland –
    Keywords: Traffic sign detection and tracking (TSDR) ; advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) ; computer vision ; 3D convolutional neural networks ; machine learning ; CT brain ; brain hemorrhage ; visual inspection ; one-class classifier ; grow-when-required neural network ; evolving connectionist systems ; automatic design ; bio-inspired techniques ; artificial bee colony ; image analysis ; feature extraction ; ship classification ; marine systems ; citrus ; pests and diseases identification ; convolutional neural network ; parameter efficiency ; vehicle detection ; YOLOv2 ; focal loss ; anchor box ; multi-scale ; deep learning ; neural network ; generative adversarial network ; synthetic images ; tool wear monitoring ; superalloy tool ; image recognition ; object detection ; UAV imagery ; vehicular traffic flow detection ; vehicular traffic flow classification ; vehicular traffic congestion ; video classification ; benchmark ; semantic segmentation ; atrous convolution ; spatial pooling ; ship radiated noise ; underwater acoustics ; surface electromyography (sEMG) ; convolution neural networks (CNNs) ; hand gesture recognition ; fabric defect ; mixed kernels ; cross-scale ; cascaded center-ness ; deformable localization ; continuous casting ; surface defects ; 3D imaging ; defect detection ; object detector ; object tracking ; activity measure ; Yolo ; deep sort ; Hungarian algorithm ; optical flows ; spatiotemporal interest points ; sports scene ; CT images ; convolutional neural networks ; hepatic cancer ; visual question answering ; three-dimensional (3D) vision ; reinforcement learning ; human–robot interaction ; few shot learning ; SVM ; CNN ; cascade classifier ; video surveillance ; RFI ; artefacts ; InSAR ; image processing ; pixel convolution ; thresholding ; nearest neighbor filtering ; data acquisition ; augmented reality ; pose estimation ; industrial environments ; information retriever sensor ; multi-hop reasoning ; evidence chains ; complex search request ; high-speed trains ; hunting ; non-stationary ; feature fusion ; multi-sensor fusion ; unmanned aerial vehicles ; drone detection ; UAV detection ; visual detection ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In order to build a promising future, health and sustainability must be interelated. Marine, forestry, agriculture, and food systems are important sources of bioproducts used in health applications. To explore the potential of such sources for the development of natural products capable of biological activities, it is necessary to develop new technologically sustainable strategies. Despite the range of natural compounds already available, there is a need to identify bioactive molecules (e.g., polysaccharides, proteins and peptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols) from different natural sources with positive health properties, including antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antimicrobial, anti-atherosclerotic, antioxidant, antithrombotic, immune-modulatory, relaxing, and satiety-inducing effects. The Second Edition of this Special Issue aimed to identify and gather works on the latest varied sources of bioproducts, the biological and functional activities of these bioactive compounds, their mechanisms of action, and the methods used for extraction and purification, without losing our focus on alignment with the concept of green technology.
    Keywords: Lavandula coronopifolia ; Culex pipiens ; larvicidal ; antibiofilm formation ; LC-MS/MS ; molecular networking ; valonea tannin ; hydrolysable tannin ; tyrosinase ; enzyme binding ; enzyme inhibition ; inhibition mechanism ; grape by-products ; ohmic heating ; conventional methods ; biological properties ; phenolic compounds ; anthocyanins ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant activity ; honey ; wound-healing ; antioxidant ; hydrogels ; dermal repair ; hydrogel ; jackfruit seeds flour ; functional properties ; dietary fiber ; prebiotic ; anticancer activity ; bacteriophage ; endolysin ; enzybiotics ; biopreservation ; anti-hypertensive ; proteins ; sustainability ; marine species ; marine hydrolysates ; gastrointestinal health ; natural anti-inflammatory ; natural antioxidant ; natural anti-cancer ; nutraceutical ; watercress ; ADME ; apoptosis ; Bursatella leachii ink ; caspase ; target prediction ; TP53 ; liver cancer ; HIF-1α ; hypoxia ; metastasis ; angiogenesis ; cancer stem cells ; natural compounds ; synthetic drugs ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: The current Special Issue launched with the aim of further enlightening important CH areas, inviting researchers to submit original/featured multidisciplinary research works related to heritage crowdsourcing, documentation, management, authoring, storytelling, and dissemination. Audience engagement is considered very important at both sites of the CH production–consumption chain (i.e., push and pull ends). At the same time, sustainability factors are placed at the center of the envisioned analysis. A total of eleven (11) contributions were finally published within this Special Issue, enlightening various aspects of contemporary heritage strategies placed in today’s ubiquitous society. The finally published papers are related but not limited to the following multidisciplinary topics:Digital storytelling for cultural heritage;Audience engagement in cultural heritage;Sustainability impact indicators of cultural heritage;Cultural heritage digitization, organization, and management;Collaborative cultural heritage archiving, dissemination, and management;Cultural heritage communication and education for sustainable development;Semantic services of cultural heritage;Big data of cultural heritage;Smart systems for Historical cities – smart cities;Smart systems for cultural heritage sustainability.
    Keywords: 3D modeling ; 3D reconstruction ; event detection ; Twitter ; spectral clustering ; cultural heritage ; social media ; news ; journalism ; semantic analysis ; big data ; data center ; digital marketing ; eco-friendly ; environmental communication ; green websites ; green culture ; green hosting ; sustainability ; software sustainability ; multimedia tools ; static analysis ; evolution analytics ; interactive documentary ; audience engagement ; digital storytelling ; intangible heritage ; media users’ engagement ; marine heritage ; biocultural heritage ; heritage management ; heritage communication ; digital narrative ; Instagram ; UNESCO ; marine protected areas of outstanding universal value ; soundscapes ; audiovisual heritage ; semantic audio ; data-driven storytelling ; content crowdsourcing ; requirements engineering ; authoring tools ; 3D content ; IEEE 830 standard ; semantic indexing ; text classification ; Greek literature ; TextRank ; BERT ; smart cities ; energy transition ; Évora ; POCITYF ; relation extraction ; distant supervision ; deep neural networks ; Transformers ; Greek NLP ; literary fiction ; metadata extraction ; Katharevousa ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATF Films, cinema ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATJ Television
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Risk measures play a vital role in many subfields of economics and finance. It has been proposed that risk measures could be analysed in relation to the performance of variables extracted from empirical real-world data. For example, risk measures may help inform effective monetary and fiscal policies and, therefore, the further development of pricing models for financial assets such as equities, bonds, currencies, and derivative securities.〈false,〉A Special Issue of “Risk Measures with Applications in Finance and Economics” will be devoted to advancements in the mathematical and statistical development of risk measures with applications in finance and economics. This Special Issue will bring together the theory, practice and real-world applications of risk measures. This book is a collection of papers published in the Special Issue of “Risk Measures with Applications in Finance and Economics” for Sustainability in 2018.
    Keywords: HG1-9999 ; risk assessment ; VIX ; business groups ; SHARE ; asymptotic approximation ; European stock markets ; whole life insurance ; dynamic hedging ; risk-neutral distribution ; cooperative banks ; Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) ; group-affiliated ; early warning system ; factor models ; smoothing process ; GMC ; falsified products ; S&P 500 index options ; credit derivatives ; corporate sustainability ; term life insurance ; risk management ; crude oil ; financial stability ; social efficiency ; dynamic conditional correlation ; emerging market ; out-of-sample forecast ; financial crisis ; binomial tree ; news release ; green energy ; perceived usefulness ; Bayesian approach ; two-level optimization ; probability of default ; bank risk ; SYMBOL ; information asymmetry ; CoVaR ; probabilistic cash flow ; japonica rice production ; bank profitability ; Monte Carlo Simulations ; gain-loss ratio ; coherent risk measures ; Mezzanine Financing ; national health system ; option value ; conscientiousness ; online purchase intention ; Slovak enterprises ; spot and futures prices ; liquidity premium ; institutional voids ; utility ; random forests ; bankruptcy ; optimizing financial model ; sustainable food security system ; dynamic panel ; co-dependence modelling ; financial performance ; time-varying correlations ; Project Financing ; future health risk ; generalized autoregressive score functions ; volatility spillovers ; financial risks ; simulations ; life insurance ; emotion ; finance risk ; markov regime switching ; diversification ; production frontier function ; Granger causality ; health risk ; risks mitigation ; returns and volatility ; sadness ; low-income country ; the sudden stop of capital inflow ; bank failure ; China’s food policy ; objective health status ; IPO underpricing ; polarity ; climate change ; stock return volatility ; sentiment analysis ; empirical process ; full BEKK ; stochastic frontier model ; perceived ease of use ; volatility transmission ; openness to experience ; sustainability ; low carbon targets ; quasi likelihood ratio (QLR) test ; banking regulation ; sustainable development ; specification testing ; fossil fuels ; time-varying copula function ; tree structures ; monthly CPI data ; coal ; cartel ; regular vine copulas ; sustainability of economic recovery ; ANN ; EGARCH-m ; financial security ; leniency program ; financial hazard map ; uncertainty termination ; causal path ; stakeholder theory ; technological progress ; banking ; investment horizon ; regression model ; two-level CES function ; joy ; the optimal scale of foreign exchange reserve ; carbon emissions ; stochastic volatility ; B-splines ; self-perceived health ; sovereign credit default swap (SCDS) ; RV5MIN ; utility maximization ; credit risk ; policy simulation ; socially responsible investment ; portfolio selection ; scientific verification ; European banking system ; risk-free rate ; wild bootstrap ; medication ; investment profitability ; Amihud’s illiquidity ratio ; multivariate regime-switching ; inflation forecast ; risk aversion ; market timing ; need hierarchy theory ; variance ; diagonal BEKK ; conjugate prior ; risk ; moving averages ; financial risk ; risk measures
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Each year, natural hazards, such as earthquakes, landslides, avalanches, tsunamis, floods, wildfires, severe storms, and drought, , affect humans worldwide, resulting in deaths, suffering, and economic losses. According to insurance broker Aon, 2010–2019 was the worst decade on record for economic losses due to disasters triggered by natural hazards, amounting to USD 3 trillion, which is USD 1 trillion more than for the period of 2000–2009. In 2019, the economic losses from disasters caused by natural hazards were estimated at over USD 200 billion (UNDRR Annual Report, 2019). In this context, remote sensing shows high potential to provide valuable information, at various spatial and temporal scales, concerning natural processes and their associated risks. The recent advances in remote sensing technologies and analysis, in terms of sensors, platforms, and techniques, are strongly contributing to the development of natural hazards research. With this Special Issue titled “Remote Sensing for Natural Hazards Assessment and Control”, we proposed state-of-the-art research that specifically addresses multiple aspects on the use of remote sensing (RS) for Natural Hazards (NH). The aim was therefore to collect innovative methodologies, expertise, and capabilities to detect, assess, monitor, and model natural hazards. The present Special Issue of Remote Sensing encompasses 18 open access papers presenting scientific studies based on the exploitation of a broad range of RS data and techniques, as well as focusing on a well-assorted sample of NH types.
    Keywords: wildfires ; hillslope erosion ; satellite imagery ; rainfall erosivity ; RUSLE ; rockfall source areas ; identification ; relief ; slope angle ; rock mass strength ; rockfall susceptibility ; land subsidence ; Geographic Information System (GIS) ; InSAR ; machine learning algorithm ; meta-heuristics ; Iran ; k-Nearest Neighbor ; Random Forest ; fires ; Landsat 8 ; Sentinel 2 ; Terra ; ASTER ; MODIS ; burned ; mapping ; hazard chain ; turbidity ; suspended sediment detection ; extreme climate events ; tailing dam risk management ; spatiotemporal pattern mining ; El Niño ; remote sensing ; geographic information system ; flash floods ; visual analysis ; SAR offset tracking ; glacier surface velocity ; glacier instability ; glacier hazards ; ice avalanches ; ENSO ; glacier mass balance ; glacier surface energy ; earthquake ; coseismic effects ; field line resonance ; acoustic gravity waves ; lithosphere-magnetosphere coupling ; burnt area monitoring ; Australia ; Sydney ; wildfire ; earth observation ; mid-resolution sensors ; time series analysis ; burn severity ; climate zones ; deep learning ; PRISMA ; burned area ; Sentinel-2 ; morphological operator ; convolutional neural network ; casualty prediction ; importance assessment ; spatial division ; support vector regression ; digital image correlation ; phase correlation ; optical flow ; time series image stack ; landslides ; ground motion identification ; displacement mapping ; UAS ; risk assessment ; random forest ; DInSAR ; Yan’an city ; settlement prediction ; reclaimed land ; exponential model ; Asaoka method ; wide-area deformation ; deformation detection ; time-series InSAR ; stacking ; Turpan–Hami basin ; heavy rainfall ; shallow landslides ; TRIGRS model ; spatial distribution ; susceptibility assessment ; Longchuan County ; Guangdong Province ; MT-InSAR ; ground deformation monitoring ; Sentinel-1A/B ; image partition ; block adjustment ; Gaofen-2 ; Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) ; freeze–thaw processes ; permafrost ; Qilian Mountains ; natural hazards ; hazard ; vulnerability ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Transportation is one of the most crucial aspects across the world, supporting the daily life of human beings and the sustainable development of the whole of society. Generally, meteorology causes various impacts on transportation operation, safety and efficiency. In the context of global warming, increasing numbers of extreme weather and climate events (such as fog, icy roads, and extreme winds) have been detected worldwide and are expected to occur more frequently in the future. Meanwhile, extreme events, such as dense fog, rainstorm, and blizzard, tend to damage transportation and traffic facilities (such as express ways, port, airport, and high-speed railway) and induce serious traffic blocks and accidents. In recent decades, concentrated and continuous efforts have been made to carry out meteorological analyses regardless of urban traffic or transportation conditions, including those of highways, shipping, aviation, etc. A number of methods and techniques have been intensively developed to promote the qualities of both observations and forecasts. More recently, state-of-the-art machine learning frameworks have also been widely introduced into studies regarding transportation meteorology and many other fields.
    Keywords: transportation meteorology ; pavement temperature prediction ; deep learning ; BiLSTM ; attention mechanisms ; winter icing ; air pollution ; traffic vitality ; built environment ; spatial correlation ; spatial lag model ; phone signaling data ; air quality ; behavioral habits ; activity density ; population distribution ; land use mix ; wind forecast ; error decomposition ; bias ; distribution ; sequence ; urban meteorology ; observation ; forecast ; early warning ; review ; China ; low-level wind shear ; ensemble learning classifiers ; Bayesian optimization ; SHapley Additive exPlanations ; wind shear ; go-around ; machine learning ; dynamic ensemble selection ; civil aviation safety ; pilot reports ; self-paced ensemble ; Shapley additive explanations ; climate change ; climatology ; sea ice ; marginal sea ; East Asia ; time-series modeling ; pavement temperature ; nowcasting ; variation characteristics ; forecast validation ; relative humidity ; microwave radiometer data ; total rainfall ; precipitation duration ; vertical distribution ; Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region ; rail breakage ; frequency ; high-speed railway ; Siberian high ; teleconnection ; temperature ; Qinling mountains ; rainfall ; change characteristics ; geographical factors ; highways ; road blockage ; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process ; CRITIC weight assignment method ; road network vulnerability ; spatiotemporal distribution ; precipitation forecast ; ConvLSTM ; PredRNN ; expressway ; agglomerate fog ; risk level prediction of fog-related accidents ; meteorological conditions ; road hidden dangers ; traffic flow conditions ; visibility ; Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea ; observation data ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: At present, data is constantly generated across various industries, including the internet. New technologies have emerged to trace data origins and assess their potential for collection, quantification, decoding, and analysis. Big data, signals, and images are of particular importance due to the wealth of domain-specific information they hold. These data play a critical role in addressing issues like national security, cybersecurity, marketing, medical informatics, and fraud detection. Deep learning techniques have gained immense popularity. They empower the analysis and understanding of vast amounts of unsupervised data, making them invaluable for processing when raw data lack categorization and labels. These applications extend to working with medical images and signal processing for wellness devices, remote monitoring, and neural devices. In industrial settings, data can be used for early warning systems in assembly lines, while massive datasets can be derived from electronic health records and hospital information systems, for example. This reprint is dedicated to exploring the application of deep learning in tackling significant challenges related to big data, images, and signals. It seeks to unravel the potential of these cutting-edge technologies in addressing complex real-world problems across diverse sectors.
    Keywords: big data ; image processing ; deep learning ; signal processing ; digital era ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint focuses on the application of the combination of synthetic aperture radars and depth learning technology. It aims to further promote the development of SAR image intelligent interpretation technology. A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an important active microwave imaging sensor, whose all-day and all-weather working capacity give it an important place in the remote sensing community. Since the United States launched the first SAR satellite, SAR has received much attention in the remote sensing community, e.g., in geological exploration, topographic mapping, disaster forecast, and traffic monitoring. It is valuable and meaningful, therefore, to study SAR-based remote sensing applications. In recent years, deep learning represented by convolution neural networks has promoted significant progress in the computer vision community, e.g., in face recognition, the driverless field and Internet of things (IoT). Deep learning can enable computational models with multiple processing layers to learn data representations with multiple-level abstractions. This can greatly improve the performance of various applications. This reprint provides a platform for researchers to handle the above significant challenges and present their innovative and cutting-edge research results when applying deep learning to SAR in various manuscript types, e.g., articles, letters, reviews and technical reports.
    Keywords: heterogeneous transformation ; SAR image ; optical image ; conditional generative adversarial nets (CGANs) ; self-supervised ; synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ; despeckling ; enhanced U-Net ; video synthetic aperture radar (Video-SAR) ; moving target tracking ; guided anchor Siamese network (GASN) ; interferometric synthetic aperture radar ; deep convolutional neural network ; phase unwrapping ; unsupervised change detection ; polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) ; UAVSAR ; multi-scale shallow block ; multi-scale residual block ; synthetic aperture radar ; image registration ; transformer ; deep learning ; SAR target detection ; multiscale learning ; ship detection ; SAR ship detection ; position-enhanced attention ; lightweight backbone ; image augmentation ; building extraction ; SAR ; semantic segmentation ; SAR dataset ; single-stage detector ; two-stage detector ; anchor free ; train from scratch ; oriented bounding box ; multi-scale detection ; computer vision ; low-grade road extraction ; remote sensing ; image segmentation ; optical images ; scene classification ; on-board ; lightweight self-supervised algorithm ; synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image ; arbitrary-oriented ship detection ; differentiable rotational IoU algorithm ; triangle distance IoU loss ; attention-weighted feature pyramid network ; multiple skip-scale connections ; attention-weighted feature fusion ; Rotated-SARShip dataset (RSSD) ; object classification ; radar image reconstruction ; convolutional neural networks ; ResNet18 ; GBSAR ; Omega-K algorithm ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint is the result of a Special Issue, which took place in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) during 2022-2023. The general topic of the reprint discusses the different uses, protection and promotion of food, always from a broad perspective, through 15 innovative research papers, from both qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches.
    Keywords: health ; values and preferences ; red meat ; processed meat ; cross-sectional study ; mixed methods ; explanatory sequential ; survey ; food consumption ; well-being ; dietary patterns ; sustainable consumption ; consumer behaviour ; food well-being ; subjective well-being ; social influence ; food choice ; climate-friendly eating ; social media ; political consumerism ; children’s health ; functional diversity ; commensality ; self-esteem ; shame ; loneliness ; aquaculture ; food heritage ; carp ; consumer preferences of Young Adult Populations ; marketing place ; sustainability ; consumer attitudes ; organic food ; consumer behavior ; sustainable food ; food surveys ; food change ; food policies ; sociology of food ; obesity ; edible insects ; alternative proteins ; planetary health ; systematic review ; gastronomic routes ; Iberian ham ; olive oil ; wine ; Córdoba ; ARIMA ; food ; gastronomic tourism ; social media data ; outdoor dining environment preference ; rural restaurants ; human-oriented ; rural sustainable development ; food label ; consumer purchase intention ; attitude ; food delivery app ; online food delivery ; online-to-offline (O2O) ; COVID-19 ; post-pandemic ; thematic review ; food preferences ; entomophagy ; nutrition surveys ; food neophobia ; cultural domains ; pile sorts ; food risk ; trust ; distrust ; pregnancy ; breastfeeding ; prehabilitation ; ERAS ; endometrial cancer ; surgery ; protein supplementation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The overall energy sector calls for a transformation from a fossil-based system to a low-carbon one. At a technology level, significant efforts have been made to provide energy solutions that contribute to a sustainable energy system. However, the actual suitability of these solutions is often not checked. In this sense, the assessment of energy systems from a life-cycle perspective is of paramount importance when it comes to effectively planning the energy sector. While environmental issues are commonly addressed through the use of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology, the comprehensive evaluation of the economic and social aspects of energy systems often remains ignored or underdeveloped. This book consists of a set of scientific works addressing the analysis of energy systems from a (life-cycle) technical, economic, environmental and/or social standpoint. Case studies at and beyond the technology level are included, some of them involving a combination of life cycle and non-life cycle approaches for the thorough evaluation of energy systems under the umbrella of sustainability.
    Keywords: zinc (Zn) ; electrowinning (EW) ; activated Carbons (ACs) ; adsorbate ; liquid phase space velocity (LHSV) ; temperature ; bioeconomy ; life cycle assessment ; multi-criteria decision analysis ; sustainability ; thermal energy ; wood ; LCC optimization ; building energy simulation ; energy system optimization ; energy renovation ; historic building district ; district heating system ; biobutanol ; clean combustion ; Scilab simulations ; SimaPro ; CO2 emission ; fuel production management ; environmental impact ; non-edible resources for biofuel production ; GIS ; concentrated solar power ; solar thermochemistry ; life-cycle costs ; cost supply ; geographical potential ; sustainable ; alternative ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue on MNEs, sustainability, and innovation contains a collection of 13 papers that address several subjects that are on related themes. The authors of these contributions study the boundaries of the previous literature on these relevant topics by providing insightful findings and review, as well as proposals for future research ideas in various contexts. For this Special Issue, we invited both conceptual and (qualitative and quantitative) empirical articles, as well as literature reviews and meta-analysis articles from a range of fields; these included not only business and management, but also sociology, political science, psychology, economics, and economic geography, among others.
    Keywords: multinational ; enterprise ; foreign ; direct ; investment ; sustainability ; innovation ; sustainable ; international ; business ; practices ; corporate ; social ; and ; environmental ; responsibility ; human ; resources ; emerging ; frontier ; markets ; advanced ; markets/countries ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJC Business strategy
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The future food systems will have to provide food and nutrition security while facing unprecedented sustainability challenges: this underlines the need for a transition to more sustainable food systems. Taking into account these premises and considering the complexity of food systems, this book aims to present original research articles, reviews, and commentaries concerning the following:Advancements in food and beverage;Dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, and functional food;Food allergy and public health;Food and nutritional toxicology;Food biotechnology and food processing;Food microbiology and food safety;Food packaging;Food safety and food inspection;Food security and environmental impacts;Food waste management;Nutrition and metabolism;Sustainable food systems and agro-ecological food production.
    Keywords: perceived consumer effectiveness ; green food consumption ; social trust theory ; social ideal theory ; psychological wellbeing ; China ; food additives ; food industry ; food safety ; health impacts ; maltitol ; metabolism ; sweeteners ; consumer’s perceptions and attitudes ; food security ; natural food products ; natural sweeteners ; sustainability ; food sovereignty ; reindeer herding ; food value chain ; Indigenous peoples ; COVID-19 pandemic ; the Arctic ; Western Siberia ; Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug ; epistemic trust ; risk perception ; genetically modified food ; public acceptance ; partial least squares structural equation modeling ; community-based intervention ; diet ; home food availability ; home food environment ; sugar sweetened beverages ; fruit and vegetable intake ; Mediterranean diet ; Mediterranean diet pyramid ; sustainable diets ; environmental concerns ; nutrition ; food-based dietary guidelines ; migrants ; diabetes ; food habits ; culturally tailored diet ; transcultural mediator ; café ; green ambience ; Delphi method ; indicator design ; grain production ; spatial–temporal characteristic ; influencing factors ; the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain ; Crepis vesicaria L. subsp. taraxacifolia ; nutritional value ; phenolic profile ; chicoric acid ; antioxidant ; anti-inflammatory ; Brazil ; community restaurants ; food handlers ; food insecurity ; low-income ; COVID-19 ; families ; children ; food acquisition ; restaurants ; biofilms ; food microbiology ; dietary guidelines ; Mediterranean ; the USA ; Japan ; Argentina ; South Africa ; egg quality traits ; ginger ; immunity ; Japanese quail performance ; halal food performance ; availability ; healthy/nutritional factor ; accreditation ; clean/safe/hygiene factor ; trust ; attachment ; halal-friendly image ; retention ; muslim travelers ; Escherichia coli ; bacterial retention ; surface topographies ; meat exudate ; wipe cleaning ; conditioning film ; Cape Verde ; cereals ; metals ; dietary intake ; risk assessment ; Indigenous health ; food systems ; colonialism ; community-based ; participatory ; n/a ; dysphagia ; the elderly ; food products ; processing ; rheology ; texture ; capital endowment ; ecological cognition ; environment-friendly technology ; adoption level ; Hackman model ; environmental health ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: The focus of this reprint is on environmental planning and modeling. It examines articles on green consumption, biodiversity, and household waste recycling, as well as presenting a review of the trend in publications on household waste recycling. A number of country-based applications are presented and models are used to show how multiple perspectives can be considered in policy making. This reprint will be of special interest to researchers and readers involved in sustainability management. Further, although some chapters present models to solve sustainability problems, they also share policy and decision-making frameworks for applying such models.
    Keywords: bibliometric analysis ; bibliometrix ; household recycling ; research trends ; science mapping ; waste management ; analytic hierarchy process (AHP) ; ecosystem management ; expert opinion ; environmental planning and modeling ; rights-based tool ; multi-criteria decision making ; optimisation ; sustainability ; SWAT model ; water quality ; hydrology ; fertilizer application ; Songkhla Lake Basin ; green consumption ; environmental change ; environmental regulation ; social welfare ; APEX ; open-source software ; QGIS ; QAPEX ; best management practice ; LDC ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Advancements in medical imaging modalities have resulted in increasing the importance and demand of pediatric radiology. This reprint showcases various examples of advanced research in pediatric radiology and nuclear medicine. These include the use of medical imaging modalities such as computed tomography, general radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, and ultrasound for diagnosis, as well as the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) in computer-aided detection and diagnosis in the pediatric population. The radiation dose issue of pediatric radiological examinations and emerging AI technology for dose reduction, as well as the use of three-dimensional printing based on medical images for pediatric surgical planning, healthcare professional education, and patient–clinician communication are also covered.
    Keywords: as low as reasonably achievable ; computed tomography ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; dose reduction ; generative adversarial network ; image processing ; machine learning ; medical imaging ; noise ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; head ultrasound ; brain death ; infants ; ancillary test ; child ; paediatric ; infant ; adolescent ; chest X-ray ; CXR ; chest radiography ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; coronavirus ; biliary atresia ; ultrasonography ; diagnostic accuracy ; intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) ; diagnostic performance ; elastography ; three-dimensional printing ; congenital heart disease ; children ; model ; personalized medicine ; application ; confusion matrix ; disease identification ; image interpretation ; pneumonia ; artificial intelligence (AI) ; deep learning (DL) ; paediatric pneumonia ; chest radiograph ; computer-aided detection (CAD) ; cumulative ; radiation dose ; acute tonsillitis ; shear wave elastography ; stiffness ; pediatric ; magnetic resonance imaging ; infection ; neck ; emergency medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This book highlights the latest research findings on sustainability within the context of consumer behaviour. It brings together the collaborative work of researchers from Finland, Denmark, USA, the Netherland, Mexico, Korea, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Taiwan and China to improve our understanding on consumer behaviour and its relationship with sustainable resource consumption. The thirteen chapters in this book focus on different aspects of consumer behaviour and sustainability, including purchase intentions towards recycled products, environment fit hospitality experiences, purchase intentions of recycling items, consumer loyalty, electric vehicle market consumption, consumption of the educational products, revisit intention, online complaint behaviour, consumer and CSR, eco-friendly behaviour, brand trust and social media consumer communication.
    Keywords: recreationist-environment fit ; guests’ satisfaction ; revisit intention ; guest’ pro-environmental behavior ; green-hotel ; electric vehicle ; theory of planned behavior ; unified theory of acceptance and use of technology ; perceived risk ; intention to use ; religious tourism ; 100 religious attractions ; destination marketing ; consumer behavior ; emotion ; information ; social media ; sustainability practices ; cotton apparel ; sustainable fashion ; dispositional optimism ; explanatory optimism ; eco-friendly tourist behavior ; positive psychology ; green consumer behavior ; customer satisfaction ; online consumer complaining behavior ; hospitality ; cultural differences ; TripAdvisor ; Vietnam ; destination image ; destination regeneration ; consumer ; recycled products ; purchase intention ; VBN theory ; structural equation modeling ; SmartPLS ; corporate social responsibility ; community-based CSR ; community perspectives ; hotel ; legitimacy theory ; entrepreneurial self-efficacy ; perceived lecturers’ entrepreneurial competency ; perceived social support ; entrepreneurial attitude orientation ; flow experience ; loyalty ; GTTT ; electric vehicles ; fashion consciousness ; leadership consciousness ; environmental consciousness ; price consciousness ; interpersonal influence ; market disruption ; luxury ; pre-owned ; purchasing behavior ; second-hand ; sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJC Business strategy
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: In the last few years, huge amounts of progress have been made regarding remote sensing in the field of computer vision. This success and progress is mostly due to the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) algorithms. In addition, the remote sensing community has shifted its attention to DL, and DL algorithms have been used to achieve significant success in many image analysis tasks. However, with regard to remote sensing, a number of challenges caused by difficulties in data acquisition and annotation have not been fully solved yet. This reprint is a collection of novel developments in the field of remote sensing using computer vision, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. The articles published involve fundamental theoretical analyses as well as those demonstrating their application to real-world problems.
    Keywords: tropical cyclone detection ; meteorological satellite images ; deep learning ; deep transfer learning ; generative adversarial networks ; image target detection ; multiple scales ; any angle object ; remote sensing of small objects ; point clouds ; 3D tracking ; state estimation ; Siamese network ; deep LK ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; multilayer feature aggregation ; attention mechanism ; remote sensing image scene classification (RSISC) ; hyperspectral image classification ; variational autoencoder ; generative adversarial network ; crossed spatial and spectral interactions ; crater detection algorithm (CDA) ; R-FCN ; self-calibrated convolution ; split attention mechanism ; transfer learning ; remote sensing ; oriented object detection ; rotated inscribed ellipse ; remote sensing images ; keypoint-based detection ; gated aggregation ; eccentricity-wise ; object detection ; remote sensing image ; anchor free ; oriented bounding boxes ; deformable convolution ; three-dimensional radar imaging ; convolution neural network ; super-resolution ; side-lobe suppression ; terahertz radar ; aerial image generation ; satellite image generation ; structure map ; style vector ; high resolution image ; self-constructing graph ; semantic segmentation ; GAN ; image generation ; data augmentation ; remote sensing disaster image ; convolutional neural network ; double-stream structure ; feedback ; encoder–decoder network ; dense connections ; instance segmentation ; Swin transformer ; cascade mask R-CNN ; remote sensing image retrieval ; hashing algorithm ; binary code ; triplet ordinal relation preserving ; cross entropy ; feature distillation ; forest fire ; smoke segmentation ; Smoke-Unet ; residual block ; Landsat-8 ; band sensibility ; unsupervised domain adaptation ; bidirectional domain adaptation ; image-to-image translation ; generative adversarial networks (GANs) ; U-Net ; high-density laser scanning ; logging trails ; digital surface model ; canopy height model ; commercial thinning ; convolutional neural networks ; multiview ; satellite and UAV image ; joint description ; image matching ; neural network ; contextual information ; Anchor Free Region Proposal Network ; polar representation ; 3D object detection ; point cloud ; sampling ; single-stage ; rotated object detection ; angle-based detector ; angle-free framework ; rotated region of interests (RRoIs) ; representative points ; plastic ; UAVs ; contrastive learning ; mutual guidance ; spatial misalignment ; vehicle detection ; ANN ; automatic classification ; risk mitigation ; machine learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue aims to highlight how plant breeding could contribute to strengthening sustainability in field crop production by integrating the application of modern technologies and tools. This Reprint contains eleven articles focusing on the most recent topic of plant breeding.
    Keywords: target-site resistance ; ahas ; als ; Triazolopyrimidine herbicide ; Lolium rigidum ; winter cereals ; CO2 enrichment ; drought stress ; WUE ; climate change ; Helianthus ; sunflower ; morphological ; sustainable ; glyphosate ; pesticide ; residue ; pollution ; weed control ; organic plant production ; barley ; Pyrenophora teres f. teres ; net blotch disease ; biotic stress ; superoxide dismutase ; antioxidant enzyme ; cereals ; water shortage ; carbon dioxide ; root development ; Triticum aestivum L. ; wheat ; seed germination ; seedling development ; germination time ; low-temperature stress ; leaf discolouration ; seedling stage ; SSR markers ; near-isogenic line ; rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; pepper ; general defence response ; tissue retention ; hypersensitivity response ; resistance breeding ; Agrobacterium-mediated transformation ; functional genomics ; Solanum lycopersicum L. ; Micro-Tom ; DsRed fluorescence ; Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; soil salinity stress ; adaptation ; environmental share ; interaction ; plant breeding ; sustainability ; pepper breeding ; bacterial spot resistance ; Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Biocatalysis is a sustainable alternative for the chemical industry in manufacturing, monitoring, and waste management. Biocatalytic processes perform with isolated enzymes or whole cells as biocatalysts. Whole-cell biocatalysts offer some unique advantages of cascade reactions catalyzed by multienzymes as well as a single bioredox reaction with cofactor regeneration in a single strain. Therefore, whole-cell biocatalysts are widely applied for biosynthesis/biotransformation to produce value-added chemicals as well as the complete mineralization of organic pollutants.Biological catalytic processing using whole-cell biocatalysts includes biocatalyst engineering, bio-reaction engineering, and downstream processing. In addition to the traditional screening of microbial strains and immobilized whole-cell biocatalysts, modern genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology make tailored whole-cell biocatalysts possible. At the same time, some integrated processes have successfully been applied in the catalytic processing using living whole-cell biocatalysts, such as harnessing biocompatible chemistry to interface with the microbial metabolism as well as using various separation techniques for in situ product removal.This reprint on “Microbial Biocatalysis” provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments of catalyst discovery, catalyst modification, and process intensification for whole cell catalysis in fermentation, biotransformation or biodegradation processes.
    Keywords: C058 ; mycelium biofloc ; extracellular polymeric substances ; microcosmic structure ; microflora composition ; acetophenone tolerance ; whole-cell catalyst ; directed evolution ; (R)-1-phenylethanol ; short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase ; trans-cinnamic acid ; p-coumaric acid ; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ; whole-cell biotransformation ; phenol ; metabolites ; whole genome sequencing ; xenobiotics ; atrazine ; Arthrobacter sp. ST11 ; biodegradation ; nonaqueous-phase liquid ; cadmium ; α-ketoglutaric acid biosynthesis ; Yarrowia lipolytica ; glycerol ; rapeseed oil ; culture conditions optimization ; rabeprazole ; sulfide ; biotransformation ; Cunninghamella blakesleeana 3.970 ; O-demethylation rabeprazole sulfide ; microbial transformation ; phytosterols ; Pickering emulsion ; phase inversion ; plant oil ; α-amylase ; starch hydrolysis ; marine enzymes ; Persian Gulf ; Streptomyces noursei ; nysfungin ; nystatin A1 ; nystatin A3 ; polyfungin B ; UV mutagenesis ; DHEA ; C7-hydroxylation ; Gibberella sp. ; Absidia coerulea ; biopolymers ; aerobic composting ; sustainability ; depolymerization ; enzymes ; nitrilase ; cell immobilization ; nicotinic acid ; reaction optimization ; semi-continuous packed-bed bioreactor ; diclofenac ; immobilization ; toxicity ; sewage treatment ; laccase ; multifunctional enzymes ; secondary metabolic ; synthases ; post-modifying enzymes ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The 10th International Conference on Modern Circuit and System Technologies on Electronics and Communications (MOCAST 2021) will take place in Thessaloniki, Greece, from July 5th to July 7th, 2021. The MOCAST technical program includes all aspects of circuit and system technologies, from modeling to design, verification, implementation, and application. This Special Issue presents extended versions of top-ranking papers in the conference. The topics of MOCAST include:Analog/RF and mixed signal circuits;Digital circuits and systems design;Nonlinear circuits and systems;Device and circuit modeling;High-performance embedded systems;Systems and applications;Sensors and systems;Machine learning and AI applications;Communication; Network systems;Power management;Imagers, MEMS, medical, and displays;Radiation front ends (nuclear and space application);Education in circuits, systems, and communications.
    Keywords: incremental power and timing optimization ; Lagrangian relaxation ; gate sizing ; multimode multicorner ; physical optimization ; two-qubit states ; quantum computers ; quantum gates ; Rabi oscillations ; single qubit quantum computer ; quantum operations simulation ; vision transformers ; computer vision ; deep learning ; artistic style recognition ; memristor model ; tantalum oxide ; memory crossbar ; nonlinear dopant drift ; window function ; LTSPICE library memristor model ; stochastic computing ; stochastic filtering ; stochastic FIR filter ; unconventional computing ; electrical masking ; interconnection delay ; Single Event Multiple Transients ; Soft Error Rate ; STA ; TCAD ; timing-masking ; transient faults ; IoT ; wireless sensor networks ; hydroponics ; smart agriculture ; Network-on-Chip ; bufferless routing ; 3D NoC ; Markov chains ; visible light communication (VLC) ; wireless communication ; analog front end (AFE) ; pre-amplification ; classification ; COVID-19 ; lightweight neural network ; medical imaging ; chest X-rays ; image sensors ; 3D pixels ; 3D sequential integration ; 3DSI ; monolithic 3D ; M3D ; coupling ; parasitic capacitances ; memristor ; emulator ; analog design ; switched capacitor ; mixed signal ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The digital economy has significantly impacted countries throughout the world by contributing to the growth of the economy and the further progress of societies. Recent developments demonstrate that the information and innovation-driven era triggered integration of traditional activities and digital technologies. Moreover, the rise of innovation has been accelerating in emerging industries such as cleantech, the new generation of information technology, biotechnology, and high-end equipment manufacturing. The estimations provided by the World Economic Forum predict that “new value creation over the next decade will be based on digitally enabled platform business models”. Therefore, organizations must change the traditional approaches adopted and capture value in the context of digital disruptions. These tendencies raise a number of management challenges that need to be solved by the efforts of the scientific community. Therefore, this Special Issue provides the platform for a fruitful discussion and the development of relevant theories.
    Keywords: leadership behaviors ; e-training ; employment security ; stress management ; employee performance ; teaching staff ; digitalisation ; hospital ; optimisation of resources ; equipment/facilities ; COVID-19 ; benefits ; savings ; leadership styles ; high-involvement human resource management practices ; small and medium enterprises ; digital era ; active learning ; growth mindset ; self-efficacy ; engagement of employees ; adaptive performance ; innovation management ; digital entrepreneurship ; creative industries ; tourism ; creative entrepreneurship ; research agenda ; e-government ; digital management ; e-leadership ; technologies ; municipalities ; stablecoins ; risks in business economics and finance ; digital trading and investment platforms ; economic sanctions ; digital currencies ; customer loyalty ; perceived service quality ; relational benefits ; relationship quality ; sustainability ; bibliometric analysis ; Scopus ; digital transformation ; labor market ; labor productivity ; unemployment ; Saudi Arabia ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics and emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: For many decades, researchers have been trying to make computers’ analysis of images as effective as the system of human vision is. For this purpose, many algorithms and systems have previously been created. The whole process covers various stages, including image processing, representation and recognition. The results of this work can be applied to many computer-assisted areas of everyday life. They improve particular activities and provide handy tools, which are sometimes only for entertainment, but quite often, they significantly increase our safety. In fact, the practical implementation of image processing algorithms is particularly wide. Moreover, the rapid growth of computational complexity and computer efficiency has allowed for the development of more sophisticated and effective algorithms and tools. Although significant progress has been made so far, many issues still remain, resulting in the need for the development of novel approaches.
    Keywords: CIELab ; component Substitution ; Pan sharpening ; Pléiades VHR Image ; coal ; inertinite macerals ; classification ; multifractal analysis ; support vector machine ; block-based coding ; video coding ; H.265/HEVC ; affine motion compensation ; image registration ; homography matrix ; local homography transformation ; convolutional neural network ; moving direct linear transformation ; super-resolution (SR) ; convolution neural network (CNN) ; Gene Expression Programming (GEP) ; deep learning ; image preclassification ; suspicious behavior detection ; motion ; magnitude ; gradient ; reactivity ; saliency ; haze removal ; dark channel ; atmospheric-light estimation ; coarse-to-fine search strategy ; sparse dictionary ; stable recovery ; frame ; RIP ; local dimming ; retinex theory ; bi-histogram equalization ; contrast ratio ; details preservation ; pansharpening ; image fusion ; image quality ; Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) 6 ; spectral consistency ; spatial consistency ; synthesis ; artificial intelligence ; dental application ; images ; detection ; parseval frame ; transform ; sparse representation ; octave convolution ; bilingual scene text reading ; Ethiopic script ; attention ; nasal cytology ; automatic cell segmentation ; rhinology ; image analysis ; feature extraction ; shape context ; plant recognition ; DPCNN ; BOF ; numeral spotting ; historical document analysis ; convolutional neural networks ; deep transfer learning ; handwritten digit recognition ; spectrum correction ; intensity correction ; compressed sensing ; tradeoff process ; IKONOS ; remote sensing ; fine-tuning ; learning rate scheduler ; cyclical learning rates ; label smoothing ; classification accuracy ; neural networks ; salient object detection ; RGB-D ; object detection ; small object ; multi-scale sampling ; balanced sampling ; texture ; structure ; optical ; coke ; iron ore ; sinter ; image processing ; segmentation ; identification ; action recognition ; silhouette sequences ; shape features ; ambient assisted living ; active ageing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Recent Advances in Water Management: Saving, Treatment and Reuse that was published in Water
    Keywords: GE1-350 ; Q1-390 ; anaerobic processes ; risk assessment ; B. adusta ; environmental education ; foreign countries ; ornamental plants ; filter media ; Pb(II) ; passive treatment systems ; lignin ; oxygen injection ; water treatment ; guidelines ; microbiological quality ; membrane technology ; contaminated sites ; pulp-and-paper-mill c ; milk production ; wastewater ; efficiency ; forest waste ; vertical flow ; emerging contaminant ; decomposition analysis ; active sites ; water ; sustainability ; water treatment technology ; adsorption thermodynamic ; surface water ; agricultural occupations ; zeolite ; conservation ; trickling filter ; hydrogen sulfide ; nitrification ; organic matter ; constructed wetlands ; sewerage ; water recycling ; treated wastewater reuse ; advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) ; odor control ; anammox bacteria ; wastewater treatment ; ferrous iron ; combined sewer ; surveys ; occurrence ; denitrification ; research and development strategy ; carbamazepine toxicity ; global patent data ; activated carbon adsorption ; China ; food industry ; COD ; palm mulch ; ferrous sulfide ; nano illite/smectite clay ; pharmaceuticals ; footprint ; conventional treatment processes ; anticorrosive agent ; pumping mains ; adsorption kinetics ; swine wastewater ; P. crysosporium ; micropollutant removal ; tezontle ; delignification ; partitioning ; white rot fungi ; river ; anaerobic digester ; benzotriazole ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: In the past few years, knowledge about glaucoma diagnosis and follow up has evolved dramatically through advances in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, corneal biomechanics, structural and functional assessment of the ocular surface, anterior chamber, retina, optic nerve and intracranial visual pathways, as well as the advent of artificial intelligence. In addition, the development of new modalities of IOP-lowering and non-IOP-lowering drugs, alternative deliveries, refined laser technologies, and minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) techniques with different implants have widened the therapeutic possibilities for treating this disease. Finally, current insights into risk factors and quality of life in relation to glaucomatous impairment are emerging. The purpose of this Special Issue is to present the latest exciting clinical developments that are taking place in the field of glaucoma.
    Keywords: ripasudil ; suture trabeculotomy ab interno ; Schlemm’s canal incision ; aqueous outflow ; open-angle glaucoma ; glaucoma ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; phenotype ; polymorphism ; susceptibility ; intraocular pressure ; ocular inflammation ; cornea biomechanics ; Corvis® ST ; subclinical keratoconus ; ocular hypertension ; tears ; miRNAs ; next generation sequencing ; biomarkers ; genes ; signaling pathways ; apoptosis ; neurodegeneration ; glaucoma suspect ; lamina cribrosa ; optical coherence tomography angiography ; peripapillary vessel density ; OCTA ; vessel density ; disc ; peripapillary ; NTG ; BRVO ; corneal hysteresis ; corneal biomechanics ; ocular biomarkers ; deep learning ; perimetry ; optic nerve ; obesity ; risk factor ; young adults ; multifocal visual evoked potentials ; mfVEP ; physical exercise ; sport ; acrobatic gymnastics ; baseline intraocular pressure ; central corneal thickness ; ocular health ; tumbling skills ; hand balance ; cytokines ; BDNF ; VEGF ; fractalkine ; microglia ; saffron ; crocin ; retinal glial cells ; microperimetry ; OCT ; macula ; structure ; function ; correlation ; retina ; inner ; outer ; macular segmentation ; optical coherence tomography-angiography ; vascular density ; blood flow ; biomarker ; myopia ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 95
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This reprint covers the latest developments in the field of eco-polymeric materials and natural polymer processing and utilization, highlighting cutting-edge research focusing on the processing of advanced polymers and their composites. It demonstrates that the field of eco-polymeric materials and natural polymers is still gaining increased attention. Innovative approaches as well as advanced applications of eco-polymeric materials and natural polymers in different fields, such as energy, environment, biomedical, biomaterial, and engineering, are reported in this reprint.
    Keywords: outdoor wood mats-based engineering composite ; wood-degrading fungi ; decay resistance ; durability ; nanohydrogels ; citral ; sustained-release ; mechanism ; bamboo ; anti-mould ; rosin modification ; round bamboo culm ; visual characteristics ; eye tracking ; surfactant ; urea-formaldehyde resin ; laminated bamboo veneer ; gluability ; wood–plastic composites ; heat transfer modeling ; sweet sorghum ; high-density polyethylene ; hot-pressing ; fibrovascular bundle ; salacca frond ; modified orientation board ; citric acid ; Aquilaria crassna wood ; natural rubber ; antifungal ; lignin ; proteins ; compression performance ; load–displacement curves ; digital image correlation (DIC) ; failure mode ; coupling agent ; interfacial bonding ; oriented strand–thermoplastic composites ; wood veneer–thermoplastic composites ; cross-laminated timber ; stability coefficient ; axial compression ; timber structures ; slenderness ratio ; Chinese pine wood ; pine needles ; bamboo culms ; bamboo leaves ; industrial hemp hurd ; CMC ; DS ; mechanical properties ; TG ; XRD ; FTIR ; chitosan ; tartaric acid ; nanocrystal ; self-assembly ; evaporation ; dehydration of crystallization ; biopolymers ; sustainability ; emergy accounting ; polyhydoxyalkanoates ; slaughterhouse residues ; poly(lactic acid) ; impact modifier ; polymer blends ; properties ; multilayered bamboo fiber ; topochemistry ; microscopic imaging ; gradient micromechanics ; core–shell structure ; hydrogel ; double load ; response surface ; acidic treatment ; colour ; mould-resistant ; starch ; Phyllostachys pubescens ; fibre ; lignification ; micro-morphological regions of cell wall ; syringyl lignin ; guaiacyl lignin ; visible-light spectrophotometry ; electrochemical method ; moisture content ; shrinkage strain ; wood water loss ; konjac glucomannan ; oxidized hyaluronic acid ; hydrogels ; tung oil ; thermal treatment ; color ; cellulose fibers ; adsorption ; Cr(VI) ; sulfhydryl-modified ; water resistance ; bamboo scrimber composite ; bonding interface ; polymer soil consolidation agent ; preparation conditions ; consolidated adhesive film ; compressive strength ; seedling transplanting ; chemical change ; thermal property ; delignification ; pyrolysis ; bamboo microstructure ; shear performance ; test methods ; moso bamboo ; fracture behavior ; shearing characteristics ; transparent bamboo ; optical properties ; functionalization and application ; glycerin ; sodium alginate ; tensile strength ; elongation at break ; poplar ; cell walls ; cross-linking modification ; wood properties ; egg white hydrogel ; dual cross-linking ; metal ions ; secondary structure ; biocompatibility ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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  • 96
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint examines regulatory, pricing and reimbursement issues related to the market access and uptake of off-patent biologics, biosimilars, next-generation biologics and competing innovative medicines in European countries.
    Keywords: infliximab ; etanercept ; TNFα inhibitors ; biologics ; biosimilars ; Germany ; policies ; incentives ; uptake ; market dynamics ; biosimilar market ; biosimilar/supply and distribution ; biosimilar sustainability ; Delphi technique ; pricing ; reimbursement ; utilization ; biosimilar ; biological ; information ; education ; communication ; patient ; Europe ; adalimumab ; biosimilarity assessment ; quality attributes (QAs) ; potentially critical quality attributes (pCQAs) ; European public assessment reports (EPARs) ; clinical governance ; Spain ; barriers ; regulatory ; review ; approval ; clinical ; queries ; regulatory science ; budget impact analysis ; savings ; pharmaceutical spending ; cost containment ; reference biological ; competitive market ; Belgium ; trastuzumab ; intravenous ; subcutaneous ; HER2-positive breast cancer ; drug costs ; healthcare costs ; cost simulation ; tender ; procurement ; off-patent ; award criteria ; switching ; interchangeability ; sustainability ; competition ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
    Language: English
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  • 97
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This Special Issue on advanced sensor technologies contains contributions on the latest developments in mobile robotic systems and related research. Various topics with different ideas and applications from mobile robotics have found their place. New ideas are presented for mobile robots that specialise in cleaning floors, power lines and HVAC systems. We also find innovative approaches for navigation path planning using local minima-free potential fields, novel path primitives and/or their parameterisation for minimum-time planning, and various control approaches ranging from visual serving to model predictive and adaptive trajectory tracking, applied to wheeled robots, humanoid manipulators and flying robots. Localisation approaches using LiDAR, motion capture systems, fingerprint-based and biomechanical gait systems are also discussed. In addition to advances in methodology, applications in healthcare, mining tunnels, cleaning, warehouses and other areas are mentioned.
    Keywords: UAVs ; inspection and maintenance ; mobile robots ; insulators ; artificial intelligence ; mobile cleaning robot ; vibration source classification ; predictive maintenance ; deep learning ; 1D CNN ; defect detection ; Faster R-CNN ; object detection ; IoRT ; inspection robot ; navigation ; model predictive control ; path planing ; warehouse automation ; underground mining robots ; scan matching ; localization and SLAM in tunnels ; 2D lidar navigation ; GPS-denied environment ; robot navigation ; path planning ; potential field ; bilinear interpolation ; dynamic local re-planning ; domestic dirt ; dirt dataset ; audit robot ; cleaning benchmark ; dirt classification ; robot-aided cleaning auditing ; geometrical feature ; cleaning auditing ; swarm algorithms ; motion trajectory prediction ; kinematical models ; gait biomechanics ; spherical robot ; model ; simulation ; CoppeliaSim (V-REP) ; visual servoing ; autonomous landing ; monocular vision ; aerial robotics ; localization and SLAM ; 3D lidar ; range sensing ; Uniform Second-Order Sliding Mode Observer ; Prescribed Performance Control ; robot manipulators ; finite-time Stability ; feature detection ; light-weight mapping ; B-splines ; localization ; mobile robot ; complete coverage ; path smoothing ; velocity profile optimization ; humanoid robot ; state estimation ; motion capture ; Whole-Body Control ; ADHD ; screening ; skeleton ; position estimation ; indoor positioning ; sensor fusion ; RSSI ; magnetometer ; fingerprint ; wheeled mobile robots ; trajectory generation ; velocity profile ; trajectory optimization ; Bézier curves ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 98
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Sustainability is an urgent developmental task for our society and is attracting increasing attention. Therefore, higher education institutions (HEIs) are also called upon to deal theoretically, conceptually, methodically, critically, and reflectively with the associated challenges and the processes and conditions of transformation in order to contribute to sustainable development. How can complex organisations such as HEIs succeed in initiating and maintaining the process of sustainable development within their own institutions and make it a permanent responsibility? How can as many protagonists as possible be persuaded to get involved in sustainable development? This book deals with the promotion of sustainable university development and provides an overview of how universities can be organised sustainably and how sustainable development can be implemented in their various functional areas. In the sense of a “whole-institution approach”, which encompasses entire HEIs, the focus is not only on the core areas of teaching (higher education for sustainable development) and research (sustainability in research) but, also, on the operational management of HEIs. In addition, this book focuses on sustainability governance and transfer for sustainable development at HEIs as cross-disciplinary issues.
    Keywords: higher education institutions ; implementation ; organisational factors ; sustainable development ; interpretative structural modelling (ISM) ; higher education institutions (HEIs) ; cross-sector collaboration ; multi-professional collaboration ; transdisciplinary research ; narrative analysis ; sensemaking ; whole institution approach ; organizational networks ; constant comparative analysis ; athletic departments ; higher education ; sustainability ; loose coupling ; shared governance ; United States ; intellectual capital ; performance ; quality of life ; sustainability assessment ; environmental management performance ; German-speaking countries ; survey ; whole-institution approach ; competencies ; knowledge ; values ; case study ; discourse analysis ; environment ; Global South ; Sustainable Development Goals ; universities’ transformation ; sustainability assessment tool ; sustainability governance ; systems theory ; governance equalizer ; politics ; profession ; organization ; public ; organizational culture ; Germany ; sustainability in science ; transformative science ; grammar of responsibility ; ethics of knowledge ; universities as echo chambers of society ; catalytic science ; universities ; organizational change ; higher education for sustainable development (HESD) ; sustainability transitions ; SD ; alliances ; university ; transfer ; practitioner–university partnership ; societal impact ; education for sustainable development ; higher education development ; sustainable university development ; systemic development ; inter-organizational networks ; worldviews ; societal transformation ; systemic transformation ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: This book is a collection of review articles and research articles, which was published in the Special Issue “Multifunctional Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications” of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences.
    Keywords: magnetite nanoparticles ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ; microfibres ; elimination ; biodegradation ; SeNPs ; TeNPs ; nanofactories ; biosynthesis ; biomass ; mechanistic aspects ; bioactivity ; bioapplications ; sustainability ; nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite ; composite biomaterials ; raloxifene ; drug delivery system ; magnesium ions ; silicate ions ; Prussian blue analogues ; hybrid nanoparticles ; multicatalytic activity ; ROS-scavenge ; ROS generation ; superoxide dismutase-like activity ; catalase-like activity ; redox potential ; liposomes ; nanotechnology ; nanotheragnostics ; metallic nanoparticles ; compliant walls ; constricted channel ; pulsatile flow ; blood flow ; nanoparticles ; hybrid nanofluid ; synthesis ; microstructure ; composite ; sensing ability ; enhanced mechanism ; benzene ; partial hydrogenation ; cyclohexene ; reaction modifier ; ZnSO4 ; MnSO4 ; FeSO4 ; zinc oxide ; quantum dot ; polyvinylpyrrolidone ; photodynamic therapy ; photosensitizers ; reactive oxygen species ; nanoparticle ; SW480 cancer cell ; buprofezin ; AAO template ; tunable particle size ; gold catalyst ; cluster ; hydrotalcite ; oxidative esterification ; methyl isobutyrate ; XFI ; X-ray fluorescence imaging ; T cell ; immunotherapy ; gold ; palladium ; simulation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 100
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: As we move further into the 21st century, despite the fact that new technologies have emerged, machining remains the key operation to achieve high productivity and precision for high-added value parts in several sectors, but recent advances in computer applications should close the gap between simulations and industrial practices. This book, “Machining Dynamics and Parameters Process Optimization”, is oriented toward the different strategies and paths when it comes to increasing productivity and reliability in metal removal processes. The topics include the dynamic characterization of machine tools, experimental dampening techniques, and optimization algorithms combined with signal monitoring.
    Keywords: CNC parameters ; machining mode ; high speed ; high accuracy ; high surface quality ; five-axis linear-segment toolpath ; path smoothing ; B-spline curve-fitting ; path synchronization ; feedrate scheduling ; flute-grinding ; evolution algorithms ; wheel location and orientation ; thin-floor machining ; chatter ; magnetorheological damper ; bull-nose end mill ; tool wear monitoring ; milling ; complex part ; deep learning ; autoencoder ; deep multi-layer perceptron ; tool condition monitoring ; tool change policy ; Industry 4.0 ; machine learning ; CNN ; AI ; additive manufacturing ; thin walled machining ; dynamics ; machining cycle optimization ; multivariable tool ; stable peninsula ; homotopy perturbation method ; machining robot ; natural frequency prediction ; model optimization ; dynamic performance ; stability ; machining ; grinding ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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