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  • 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk  (2)
  • Acoustic signals  (1)
  • Public Library of Science  (2)
  • DTA-CNR  (1)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • MDPI Publishing
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Years
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Background: Trace elements have been hypothesised to be involved in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and volcanic degassing is the major natural sources of trace elements. Both incidence of Multiple Sclerosis in Catania and volcanic activity of Mount Etna have been significantly increased during the last 30 years. Due to prevailing trade winds direction, volcanic gases from Etna summit craters are mostly blown towards the eastern and southern sectors of the volcano. Objective: To evaluate the possible association between Multiple Sclerosis and exposure to volcanogenic trace elements. Methods: We evaluated prevalence and incidence of Multiple Sclerosis in four communities (47,234 inhabitants) located in the eastern flank and in two communities (52,210 inhabitants) located in the western flank of Mount Etna, respectively the most and least exposed area to crater gas emissions. Results: A higher prevalence was found in the population of the eastern flank compared to the population of the western one (137.6/100,000 versus 94.3/100,000; p-value 0.04). We found a borderline significantly higher incidence risk during the incidence study period (1980–2009) in the population of the eastern flank 4.6/100,000 (95% CI 3.1–5.9), compared with the western population 3.2/100,000 (95% CI 2.4–4.2) with a RR of 1.41 (95% CI 0.97–2.05; p-value 0.06). Incidence risks have increased over the time in both populations reaching a peak of 6.4/100,000 in the eastern flank and of 4.4/100.000 in the western flank during 2000–2009. Conclusion: We found a higher prevalence and incidence of Multiple Sclerosis among populations living in the eastern flank of Mount Etna. According to our data a possible role of TE cannot be ruled out as possible co-factor in the MS pathogenesis. However larger epidemiological study are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
    Description: Published
    Description: e74259
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Mt. Etna volcano ; Multiple Sclerosis ; trace elements ; volcanic activity ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    DTA-CNR
    In:  [1] E. Boschi, E. Guidoboni, G. Ferrari, G. Valensise, and P. Gasperini. Catalogue of the strong earthquakes in Italy from 461 BC to 1990. 1997. [2] NGDC Tsunami Catalog. web site: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/tsu db.shtml. 2009. [3] E.A. Okal, P.J. Alasset, O. Hyvernaud, and F. Schindele. The deficient T waves of tsunami earthquakes. Geophys. J. Int.l, 152(2):416–432, 2003. [4] C. Lomnitz and S. Nilsen-Hofseth. The indian ocean disaster: Tsunami physics and early warning dilemmas. EOS Trans. AGU, 86:65–70, 2005. [5] C. Meinig, S.E. Stalin, A.I. Nakamura, F. Gonzlez, , and H.G. Milburn. Technology Developments in Real-Time Tsunami Measuring, Monitoring and Forecasting. In Oceans 2005 MTS/IEEE, September 2005, Washington, D.C., 2005. [6] K. Kawaguchi, K. Hirata, T. Nishida, S. Obana, and H. Mikada. A new approach for mobile and expandable real time deep seafloor observation -Adaptable Observation System. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 27:182–192, 2002. [7] A. Rudloff, J. Lauterjung, U. Muench, and S. Tinti. Preface ”The GITEWS Project (German-Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System)”. Nat Haz. & Earth Systs Sciences, 9(4):1381–1382, 2009. [8] J.H. Filloux. Tsunami recorded on the open ocean floor. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13:783–796, 1982. [9] F. Chierici, L. Pignagnoli, , and D. Embriaco. Modeling of the hydroacoustic signal and tsunami wave generated by seafloor motion including a porous seabed. J. Geophys. Res., 115:C03015, 2010. [10] N. Zitellini, E. Gr`acia, L. Matias, P. Terrinha, M.A. Abreu, G. De Alteriis, J.P. Henriet, J.J. Da˜nobeitia, D.G. Masson, T. Mulder, R. Ramella, L. Somoza, and S. Diez. The Quest for the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary West of the Strait of Gibraltar. EPSL, 208:13–50, 2009. [11] C. DeMets, R.G. Gordon, D.F. Argus, and S. Stein. Effect of recent revisions to the geomagnetic reversal time scale on estimates of current plate motions. Geophysical Research Letters, 21:2191–2194, 1994. [12] N. Zitellini, L. A. Mendes, D. Cordoba, J. Danobeitia, R. Nicolich, G. Pellis, and al. Source of 1755 Lisbon earthquake and tsunami investigated. EOS Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 82(26):285, 2001. [13] N. Zitellini, M. Rovere, P. Terrinha, F. Chierici, L. Matias, and Bigset Team. Neogene through Quaternary Tectonic reactivation of SW Iberian Passive Margin. Pure Appl. Geophys., 161:565–585, 2004. [14] W.R. Peltier and C.O. Hines. On the possible detection of tsunamis by a monitoring of the ionosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 81:1995–2000, 1976. [15] J. Artru, V. Ducic, H. Kanamori, P. Lognonn´e, and M. Murakami. Ionospheric detection of gravity waves induced by tsunamis. Geophy. J. Int, 106:840–848, 2005. [16] M. Nosov, S. Kolesov, A. Denisova, A. Alekseev, and B. Levin. On the nearbottom pressure variations in the region of the 2003 Tokachi-Oki tsunami source. Oceanology, 47(1):26–32, 2007.
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the framework of the EU project NEAREST, a new Tsunami Early Warning System (TEWS), able to operate in tsunami generation areas, was developed and installed in the Gulf of Cadiz. The TEWS is based on the abyssal station GEOSTAR, placed above a major tsunamigenic structure, and on three seismic centres of Portugal, Spain and Morocco. The core of the system is a tsunami detector installed onboard of GEOSTAR. The tsunami detector communicates with a surface buoy through a dual acoustic link. The buoy is connected to land stations via satellite link. The system was designed for near-field conditions and successfully operated from August 2007 to August 2008, 100 km SW of Cabo de Sao Vincente (Portugal). A new mission started on November 11th, 2009 in the same location. The tsunami detection is based either on pressure events either on seismic events. The bottom pressure data are analysed in real-time at the seafloor by a new tsunami detection algorithm, which can recognize tsunami waves as small as one centimetre. At the same time it was developed a new theoretical approach to account for tsunami generation in compressible water and in presence of a porous sediment. This model showed that hydro-acoustic waves, travelling much faster than the tsunami, are caused by the seafloor motion. These waves can propagate outside the generation area and are characterised by a modulation carrying valuable information on the seafloor motion, which can be recovered from their first arrival.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1749-1758
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Tsunami Detection ; Early Warning ; Tsunami Generation ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In recent years, an increasing number of surveys have definitively confirmed the seasonal presence of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in highly productive regions of the Mediterranean Sea. Despite this, very little is yet known about the routes that the species seasonally follows within the Mediterranean basin and, particularly, in the Ionian area. The present study assesses for the first time fin whale acoustic presence offshore Eastern Sicily (Ionian Sea), throughout the processing of about 10 months of continuous acoustic monitoring. The recording of fin whale vocalizations was made possible by the cabled deep-sea multidisciplinary observatory, “NEMO-SN1”, deployed 25 km off the Catania harbor at a depth of about 2,100 meters. NEMO-SN1 is an operational node of the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO) Research Infrastructure. The observatory was equipped with a low-frequency hydrophone (bandwidth: 0.05 Hz–1 kHz, sampling rate: 2 kHz) which continuously acquired data from July 2012 to May 2013. About 7,200 hours of acoustic data were analyzed by means of spectrogram display. Calls with the typical structure and patterns associated to the Mediterranean fin whale population were identified and monitored in the area for the first time. Furthermore, a background noise analysis within the fin whale communication frequency band (17.9–22.5 Hz) was conducted to investigate possible detection-masking effects. The study confirms the hypothesis that fin whales are present in the Ionian Sea throughout all seasons, with peaks in call detection rate during spring and summer months. The analysis also demonstrates that calls were more frequently detected in low background noise conditions. Further analysis will be performed to understand whether observed levels of noise limit the acoustic detection of the fin whales vocalizations, or whether the animals vocalize less in the presence of high background noise.
    Description: Published
    Description: e0141838
    Description: 3A. Ambiente Marino
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Whales ; Bioacoustics ; Background noise (acoustics) ; Acoustic signals ; Sperm whales ; Vocalization ; Acoustics ; Data acquisition ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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