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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous  (3)
  • American Geophysical Union.  (2)
  • American Institute of Physics
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  • 1
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    Unknown
    The deep magmatic system of the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) (2008)
    American Geophysical Union.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Melt inclusions in phenocrysts of the Minopoli2 shoshonite and Fondo Riccio latite eruptive products (Campi Flegrei caldera; 10.2 to 9.5 ka BP) constrain the nature of deep Phlegraean magmatic fluids, their role in volcanism and give new insights into the magmatic plumbing system. The analyzed melt inclusions show that CO2 is an abundant gaseous species, confirming the results of geochemical studies on the magmatic gas fraction involved in present-day fumarolic emissions. Volatile concentrations within the melt inclusions require gas-melt equilibria between 8 and 9 km depth, and closed-system degassing in presence of ascending CO2-rich fluids of deep provenance. Magmas later re-equilibrate at depths up to 3–2 km, i.e. above the top of the carbonate basement. These observations correlate well with independent geophysical and geochemical evidence and are useful constraints for volcanic hazards assessment at Campi Flegrei.
    Description: Published
    Description: L21304
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: magmatic system ; Campi Flegrei caldera ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    Near‐real‐time forecasting of lava flow hazards during the 12–13 January 2011 Etna eruption (2011)
    American Geophysical Union.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Forecasting the lava flow invasion hazard in near‐real time is a primary challenge for volcano monitoring systems. The paroxysmal episode at Mount Etna on 12–13 January 2011 produced in ∼4 hours lava fountains and fast‐moving lava flows 4.3 km long. We produced timely predictions of the areas likely to be inundated by lava flows while the eruption was still ongoing. We employed infrared satellite data (MODIS, AVHRR, SEVIRI) to estimate in near‐realtime lava eruption rates (peak value of 60 m3 s−1). These time‐varying discharge rates were then used to drive MAGFLOW simulations to chart the spread of lava as a function of time. Based on a classification on durations and lava volumes of ∼130 paroxysms at Etna in the past 13 years, and on lava flow path simulations of expected eruptions, we constructed a lava flow invasion hazard map for summit eruptions, providing a rapid response to the impending hazard. This allowed key at‐risk areas to be rapidly and appropriately identified.
    Description: We are grateful to EUMETSAT for SEVIRI data, to NASA for MODIS data, and toNOAAfor AVHRR data. The authors thank one anonymous reviewer and V. Acocella for their helpful and constructive comments. This study was performed with the financial support from the V3‐LAVA project (INGV‐DPC 2007‐2009 contract).
    Description: Published
    Description: L13317
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: lava hazard ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.02. Cellular automata, fuzzy logic, genetic alghoritms, neural networks ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Unknown
    An experimental study on the pressure dependence of viscosity in silicate melts (2010)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The effect of pressure on melt viscosity was investigated for five compositions along the join An(CaAl2Si2O8)–Di(CaMgSi2O6) and four alkali silicates containing lithium, sodium, and potassium in constant ratio of ∼ 1:1:1, but alkali-silica ratios are varying. The experiments were performed in an internally heated gas pressure vessel at pressures from 50 to 400 MPa in the viscosity range from 108 to 1011.5 Pa⋅s using parallel plate viscometry. The polymerized An composition shows a negative pressure dependence of viscosity while the other, more depolymerized compositions of the join An–Di have neutral to positive pressure coefficients. The alkali silicates display neutral to slightly positive pressure coefficients for melt viscosity. These findings in the high viscosity range of 108–1011 Pa⋅s, where pressure appears to be more efficient than in low viscous melts at high temperature, are consistent with previous results on the viscosity of polymerized to depolymerized melts in the system NaAlSi3O8–CaMgSi2O6 by Behrens and Schulze [ H. Behrens and F. Schulze, Am. Mineral. 88, 1351 (2003) ]. Thus we confirm that the sign of the pressure coefficient for viscosity is mainly related to the degree of melt polymerization in silicate and aluminosilicate melts.
    Description: DFG Grant n.°BE1720/9
    Description: Published
    Description: 044504-14
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: viscosity ; polymerisation ; anorthite ; diopside ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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