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  • 551.9
  • modelling
  • Springer  (269)
  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (93)
  • John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  (6)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue of Processes operates on the basis of a rigorous peer-review with a single-blind assessment and at least two independent reviewers, thereby ensuring a high quality final product. I would like to thank our reviewers, for providing the authors with constructive comments, and Editorial Board, for their professional advice that led to the final decision. I am sure that, in coming years, readers of this Special Issue will find the scientific manuscripts interesting and beneficial to their research.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; three-dimensional temperature field ; n/a ; forced convection ; RNG k-? model ; PIV measurements ; water friction loss ; flat plate ; horizontal ; optimization ; casson fluid ; finned tube ; plate-fin heat sink ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; plate heat exchanger ; partial heating ; thermo-diffusion ; HEN synthesis ; Keller-Box technique ; visualization experiment ; ice-cream ; modelling ; computational intelligence techniques ; canned motor ; boiling ; heat transfer ; operating condition ; vertical ; phase change ; flow distribution characteristics ; scraped surface heat exchanger ; heat flux ; numerical simulation ; aspect ratio ; orientation ; axisymmetric flow ; CACRS ; natural convection ; MINLP ; multi-slip ; ice storage ; viscosity ; axial piston pump ; crystallization ; multiphase flow ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This Special Issue provides an update on the most recent research and developments in the area of freeze-drying technology in foods. It presents a combination of experimental and modeling studies, offering an overview of oncoming challenges and opportunities on the topic.
    Keywords: aquafaba ; chickpea ; emulsifiers ; egg replacer ; egg-free products ; vitamin C ; total phenols ; total carotenoids ; antioxidant activity ; colour ; mechanical properties ; pressure ; shelf temperature ; freezing rate ; freeze-drying ; lyophilization ; plant-based foods ; fruits ; vegetables ; blueberry freeze-drying ; berry-busting ; skin perforation ; primary drying time ; quality ; gellan gum ; modified pH ; riboflavin ; drying kinetics ; release mechanism ; model discrimination ; process design ; rehydration ; modelling ; microstructure ; food quality ; encapsulation ; processes combination ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Engineering mathematics is a branch of applied mathematics where mathematical methods and techniques are implemented for solving problems related to the engineering and industry. It also represents a multidisciplinary approach where theoretical and practical aspects are deeply merged with the aim at obtaining optimized solutions. In line with that, the present Special Issue, 'Engineering Mathematics in Ship Design', is focused, in particular, with the use of this sort of engineering science in the design of ships and vessels. Articles are welcome when applied science or computation science in ship design represent the core of the discussion.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; Lead-Zirconium-Titanium (PZT) ; n/a ; H.O.M.E.R. nozzle ; finite element ; low-speed Diesel engine ; piezoelectric sensor ; AHP method ; environmental management system ; SPH ; state-of-the-art ; marine transport ; single-stepped planing hulls ; optimisation ; finite element method ; computational fluid dynamic ; slamming ; FSI ; roll motion ; harmonic excitation ; external forces ; towing tank tests ; modelling ; roll damping ; ISO 9126 ; selection ; stiffened plate ; numerical model ; damaged sensor ; CFD ; symmetric 2D + T theory ; hydroelasticity ; ISO 14001 ; water entry ; plate ; constitutive model ; turbulence model ; SHIPMOVE ; impact traction ; fixed pitch propeller ; stiffeners ; numerical simulation ; cavitation ; controllable pitch propeller ; ISO 14598 ; MMG Model ; hydrodynamic forces ; balanced scorecard ; finite volume method ; deflection ; constructal design ; fluid-structure interaction ; MCDM method ; marine industry ; ship design ; fracture mechanics ; coanda effect ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book focuses on remote sensing for urban deformation monitoring. In particular, it highlights how deformation monitoring in urban areas can be carried out using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Tomography (TomoSAR). Several contributions show the capabilities of Interferometric SAR (InSAR) and PSI techniques for urban deformation monitoring. Some of them show the advantages of TomoSAR in un-mixing multiple scatterers for urban mapping and monitoring. This book is dedicated to the technical and scientific community interested in urban applications. It is useful for choosing the appropriate technique and gaining an assessment of the expected performance. The book will also be useful to researchers, as it provides information on the state-of-the-art and new trends in this field
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; surface subsidence ; PS ; permanent scatterers ; land subsidence ; PS-InSAR ; thermal dilation ; SBAS-InSAR ; Sepulveda Transit Corridor ; deformation ; differential SAR interferometry ; reclaimed land ; Istanbul ; deformation monitoring ; skyscrapers ; generalized likelihood ratio test ; validation ; uplift ; displacement monitoring ; pursuit monostatic ; radar interferometry ; Sentinel-1A ; urbanization ; synthetic aperture radar ; Turkey ; terraSAR-X ; geological and geomorphological mapping ; London ; differential compaction ; expansive soils ; health monitoring ; Copernicus Sentinel-1 ; displacement mapping ; PALSAR ; land reclamation ; tomography ; Venetian-Friulian Plain ; ALOS PALSAR ; multi-temporal DInSAR ; SAR interferometry ; InSAR ; persistent scatterers ; carbonate karstification ; ENVISAT ASAR ; multiple PS detection ; sparse signals ; urban subsidence ; time series InSAR analysis ; time series analysis ; Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) ; engineering construction ; Rome ; persistent scatterer interferometry ; subsidence ; persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) ; SNAP-StaMPS ; Lingang New City ; dewatering ; atmospheric component ; urban deformation monitoring ; Sentinel-1 ; differential interferometry ; Late-Quaternary deposits ; modelling ; Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test ; Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ; synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ; Capon estimation ; differential tomography ; deformation time series ; groundwater level variation ; radar detection ; multi-look SAR tomography ; spaceborne SAR ; SAR ; ERS-1/-2 ; reclamation settlements ; Wuhan ; subsidence monitoring ; water level changes ; polarimetry ; asymmetric subsidence ; urban monitoring ; urban areas ; landslide ; SAR tomography ; Urayasu City ; risk ; Los Angeles ; PALSAR-2 ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Globalization and telecoupling are enhancing the complexity of the coupled socio-ecological system constituted by the interaction between the global ecosphere and the anthroposphere. As a result, the demand for tools to identify transformative innovations, assess future risks, and support precautionary decisions for sustainability is growing by the day in business and politics. Scenarios are a means of simplification, reducing the real-world complexity to a limited number of essential factors to analyze their interactions and support policy formulation, with indicators as communication and monitoring tools. In particular, in a time of fake news and alternative truths a critical reflection amongst producers and users of scenarios and indicators is overdue; the capability for critical self-reflection is what distinguishes science from pseudo-science, and is a condition of trust. The authors of this book test established measurement and modeling approaches against new challenges, assess the weaknesses of prevailing innovation theories and the political-ideological embedment of archetypical scenarios, highlight deficits in taking the physical basics into account, and the need to understand global interaction and the stepwise process of energy transitions, point out technical as well as conceptual weaknesses in data collection, harmonization and indicator generation, always with a view to solving problems.
    Keywords: HD72-88 ; sustainable development goals ; science-policy interface ; long-wave theory ; scenarios ; tweets ; sustainability indicators ; models and modes of science ; environmental innovation ; energy supply ; renewable energy ; gross domestic product ; GDP ; bio-economics ; data needs ; fake news ; European Tourism Indicator System (ETIS) ; climate change ; goals ; Agenda 2030 ; Visit South Sardinia ; tourist destination ; indicators ; monitoring ; modelling ; institutions ; sustainable development ; grid flexibility ; global indicator framework ; microdata ; decision-making ; world views ; SDGs ; Germany ; challenges ; values ; sustainable production and consumption ; policies ; sustainability transition ; storage ; stakeholders ; innovation systems ; societal impact ; fossil energy system ; multi-level perspective ; household consumption ; biodiversity ; agency ; evolutionary economics ; energy transition ; material footprint ; transformation ; sustainable tourism ; opportunities ; policy advice ; international inequality ; resource indicator ; curtailment
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: In recent years, improving the sustainability of the steel industry and reducing its CO2 emissions has become a global focus. To achieve this goal, further process optimization in terms of energy and resource efficiency and the development of new processes and process routes are necessary. Modeling and simulation have established themselves as invaluable sources of information for otherwise unknown process parameters and as an alternative to plant trials that involves lower costs, risks, and time. Models also open up new possibilities for model-based control of metallurgical processes. This Special Issue focuses on recent advances in the modeling and simulation of unit processes in iron and steelmaking. It includes reviews on the fundamentals of modeling and simulation of metallurgical processes, as well as contributions from the areas of iron reduction/ironmaking, steelmaking via the primary and secondary route, and continuous casting.
    Keywords: liquid metals ; bubble generation ; bubble size distribution ; porous plugs ; bubble deformation ; drag force ; lift force ; mathematical modelling ; computational fluid dynamic ; slag heat recovery ; heat exchanger ; drying ; slag energy content ; heat recovery technology ; RecHeat ; rotary kiln ; reduction process ; numerical simulation ; pre-reduction ; scrap preheating ; electric arc furnace ; continuous charging ; turbulence modelling ; RANS/LES/DNS ; inflow condition ; model validation ; model application ; energy demand ; regression ; artificial neural network ; Gaussian process regression ; Köhle formula ; evaluation model ; quantitative relationship ; scrap melting ; mass transfer coefficient ; steelmaking process ; direct current ; arc impingement ; arc gap ; gas density ; electric arc ; magneto hydrodynamics ; computational fluid dynamics ; real-time model ; estimation ; model predictive control ; steel refining ; mathematical modeling ; carbon composite briquette ; blast furnace ironmaking ; reaction kinetics ; coke saving ; direct reduction ; Midrex ; HYL ; Rist diagram ; energy consumption ; profile optimization ; modelling ; machine learning ; steelmaking ; fuzzy modelling ; evolving modelling ; continuous casting ; near net shape casting ; twin roll (Bessemer) casting ; horizontal single belt casting ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue is dedicated to Professor Reinhard Schlickeiser on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Reinhard Schlickeiser’s internationally well-recognized work, comprising several hundred research articles and the comprehensive monograph “Cosmic Ray Astrophysics,” has had a lasting influence in several areas of astrophysics. He has also inspired a large number of junior researchers, many of whom are now pursuing successful academic careers. Over the last few decades, he has motivated and established many fruitful collaborations that have triggered new ideas and provided new insights into various plasma and astrophysical topics. This Special Issue aims to present original papers by Reinhard Schlickeiser’s collaborators that document the breadth of his scientific accomplishments and the subsequent studies that he has directly or indirectly influenced as a collaborator or as a teacher. This Special Issue may serve as inspiration for others to follow in his path and to accept the challenges awaiting them in the many areas of astrophysics that have been, for many years, Reinhard’s turf.
    Keywords: Langmuir waves ; Landau damping ; particle wave interactions ; space physics ; plasma physics ; n/a ; nucleus-acoustic waves ; nonlinear waves ; nonplanar geometries ; non-thermal radiation mechanisms ; relativistic jets ; relativistic processes ; BL Lacertae objects ; active galaxies ; blazars ; diffusive shock acceleration ; radiative transport ; gamma-rays ; solar wind ; plasmas ; instabilities ; waves ; cosmic rays ; galactic anti-matter ; solar modulation ; solar cycle ; dissipative solitary waves ; magnetized plasma ; superthermal trapped electrons ; kappa distribution ; Schamel equation ; oblique propagation of electrostatic plasma waves ; suprathermals ; cosmic-ray transport ; turbulence ; plasma waves ; particle-in-cell simulations ; automated driving ; data-driven modeling ; deep learning ; scene prediction ; trajectory prediction ; Alfvén waves ; wave–wave interactions ; magnetic loops ; solar corona ; particle transport ; numerical methods ; modelling ; cosmic-ray diffusion ; active galactic nuclei (AGN) ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Achieving success along the entire production and supply chain of a dairy sector depends explicitly on adopting a sustainable 'state of the art' approach. In this regard, understanding key sustainability indicators and challenges with a holistic approach is vital. Appropriate design, application of novel technologies, implementation of life cycle analysis, upgradation and optimization of the entire production line are some of the key factors to be measured. In addition, it is vital that due consideration is given to demands of the producers, consumers, and dependent industries. Nevertheless, concern for the environment, social security and economy of the region should not be ignored. Precise planning ('on-farm' and 'off-farm') assumes importance especially when circular economy strategies needs to be considered. With these as background, this book is focused towards identifying present opportunities and overcoming future sustainability challenges in the global dairy sector.
    Keywords: dairy ; water ; review ; modelling ; water footprint ; agriculture ; feed additive ; methane mitigation ; enteric emissions ; greenhouse gas ; climate change ; LCA ; environmental impacts ; intensification ; technical efficiency ; four-component model ; endogeneity ; input distance function ; meta-frontier ; stochastic frontier analysis ; dairy processing industry ; European Union ; proanthocyanidins ; condensed tannins ; secondary plant metabolites ; methane ; ruminants ; farm ; organization ; governance ; adoption ; agroecology ; practices ; regulation ; Brazil ; ammonia emissions ; dairy cow ; flushing ; freestall barn ; scraping ; heat pump ; dairy farming ; water heater ; ASHP ; ASHPWH ; usable water ; emissions ; sustainability ; farm type ; sustainable management ; small-/medium-scale animal farms ; food science ; customer experience design ; food well-being ; food psychology ; hedonia ; eudaimonia ; meaningful consumption ; artisan products ; local food ; profit cows ; economic sustainability ; knowledge transfer ; production disease ; production disease economics ; emission factor ; enteric fermentation ; gross energy ; milking cows ; dairy industry ; supply chain management ; safety failure factors ; interpretive structural modeling ; MICMAC analysis ; agro-livestock sector ; GHG emissions ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This Special Issue presents the work of 30 scientists from 11 countries. It confirms that the impacts of global change, resulting from both climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure, are huge on worldwide coastal areas (and critically so on some islands in the Pacific Ocean), with highly negative effects on coastal groundwater resources, which are widely affected by seawater intrusion. Some improved research methods are proposed in the contributions: using innovative hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical monitoring; assessing impacts of the changing environment on the coastal groundwater resources in terms of quantity and quality; and using modelling, especially to improve management approaches. The scientific research needed to face these challenges must continue to be deployed by different approaches based on the monitoring, modelling and management of groundwater resources. Novel and more efficient methods must be developed to keep up with the accelerating pace of global change.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; tide ; artificial neural network ; Gaza Strip ; groundwater resources ; seawater intrusion ; nutrient discharge ; freshwater resilience ; offshore geophysics ; atoll ; freshwater lens ; sea-level rise ; small islands ; sharp interface numerical modeling ; climate change ; recursive prediction ; saltwater intrusion ; Radon ; submarine groundwater discharge ; water resources management ; flooding ; groundwater storage ; fish ponds ; Tongatapu ; extraction ; monitoring ; modelling ; fresh groundwater volume ; numerical model ; atoll island ; MODFLOW/SEAWAT ; Nile Delta governorates ; arid and semi-arid regions ; time series model ; hydrogeology ; Libya ; sea level rise ; coastal aquifer ; sea–aquifer relations ; Tripoli ; freshwater-saltwater interface ; multi-layered coastal aquifer ; well salinization ; SGD model ; Nile Delta aquifer ; tidal signal ; geophysics ; groundwater ; cation exchange ; salinization ; SGD ; support vector machine ; direct prediction ; aquifer ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
    Language: English
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  • 20
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue includes 10 contributions centered on aquatic plants (and charophytes) in inland waters, with different approaches: floristic contributions and new reports of interesting or rare species, ecological studies on the use of macrophytes to characterize rivers and ponds, a genetic study to assess the diversity of an aquatic species within and among populations, the importance of herbaria in the study of a species, and finally a couple of interesting reviews on the use of hydrophytes and charophytes in wetland restoration.
    Keywords: charophyta ; Chara baueri ; species ecology ; species biogeography ; AFLP ; conservation ; genetic diversity ; river systems ; Stratiotes aloides ; wetland habitats ; revegetation ; submerged macrophytes ; floating macrophytes ; aquatic phanerogams ; charophytes ; seeding ; planting ; transplanting ; sediment transfer ; natural wetlands ; constructed wetlands ; lake management ; modelling ; carbon dioxide ; aquatic weeds ; respiration ; hypoxia ; Keddy Index ; submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) ; Mediterranean flora ; aquatic flora ; carbon isotopes ; hydrophytes ; bioindicators ; inland waters ; water geochemistry ; Chara ; Nitella ; Tolypella ; Nitellopsis ; re-establishment ; nutrients ; herbivory ; Willdenowia ; Sardinia ; biogeography ; Chara zeylanica ; distribution ; ecology ; relic fern ; Mediterranean wetlands ; conservation status ; pteridophytes ; vegetation ; rice fields ; morphology ; haplostephanous species ; macrophytes ; lowland river ; long-term changes ; environmental parameters ; ecological status ; Slovenia ; aquatic plants ; wetlands ; alien invasive species ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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