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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations  (3)
  • modelling  (3)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (3)
  • Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad Complutense de Madrid  (2)
  • American Chemical Society
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-01-07
    Description: La falla de Alhama de Murcia (FAM) está compuesta por diferentes segmentos con movimiento de desgarre siniestral con componente inversa. La FAM es una de las fallas de mayor longitud en las Béticas (sudeste de España). Así, en las últimas décadas su potencial sismogenético se ha evaluado usando principalmente datos de paleo-sismicidad. El 11 de mayo de 2011 un terremoto de magnitud momento moderada (Mw 5.1) sacudió Lorca, causando nueve muertes y cuantiosos daños materiales. La localización inicial de la secuencia de replicas no sugería ninguna tendencia en particular. Por otro lado, inspecciones geológicas realizadas in situ no identificaron ninguna fractura superficial que se pudiera asociar a deformación cosísmica. Para poder mejorar la evaluación del peligro sísmico en la zona, es necesario localizar y, si es posible, caracterizar la distribución del deslizamiento en la falla que generó este terremoto. En este trabajo presentamos deformaciones corticales pequeñas, pero significativas, medidas en la zona epicentral del terremoto de Lorca mediante el uso de técnicas geodésicas (interferometría radar de satélite y GPS). Los datos radar se procesaron obteniendo un conjunto de interferogramas diferenciales (corregidos por un hundimiento continuado debido a extracción de agua subterránea). Se han obtenido estimaciones GPS de coordenadas tanto diarias como a altas frecuencias (1-Hz). Hemos realizado una inversión conjunta de los desplazamientos cosísmicos detectados con ambas técnicas para determinar los parámetros del plano de falla, considerando un modelo de dislocación rectangular en un semiespacio elástico. El plano de falla ajustado sigue la geometría estimada geológicamente para la FAM (orientación NE-SW y buzamiento de ~70º NW). Posteriormente, a partir del modelo con deslizamiento homogéneo obtenido, el plano de falla se extiende y divide en segmentos, permitiendo un análisis más detallado del patrón de distribución de deslizamiento sobre el plano de falla. La distribución de deslizamiento obtenida indica que este ocurrió en un segmento principal de unos 4-5 km de longitud con movimiento inverso y siniestral (con una magnitud máxima de deslizamiento de ~20 cm). El modelado también indica que una parte del deslizamiento ocurrió cerca de la superficie bajo la zona central y suroeste de la ciudad de Lorca. El carácter somero del deslizamiento a lo largo del plano de falla, así como el efecto amplificador producido por la finalización de la ruptura bajo el sudoeste de la ciudad probablemente fue el causante de la relativamente alta intensidad de la aceleración registrada (~0.4g). Esta ha sido la primera vez que se ha detectado claramente deformación cosísmica producida por un terremoto en la Península Ibérica mediante el uso de técnicas geodésicas modernas (InSAR y GPS), y permitiendo invertir de forma rigurosa las características del terremoto.
    Description: La investigación de JF se ha realizado en el marco del proyecto de investigación GEOSIR (AYA2010 17448). Este trabajo se ha desarrollado en el marco del Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Moncloa (UCM-UPM, CSIC)
    Description: Published
    Description: 171-192
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: 2011 Lorca Earthquake ; Groundwater crustal unloading ; InSAR and GPS data ; modelling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    Publication Date: 2014-12-18
    Description: The recent development and establishment of GNSS networks in Italy make it possible to define an increasingly detailed spatial and temporal resolution of the ongoing crustal deformation and to visualize the complex interplay between different orogens in the Africa-Eurasia collision zone. We analyzed all the available GPS raw data in the time span 1998-2013 and constructed time series of GNSS stations referenced to a common reference frame and finally produced the tectonic velocity field providing an updated detailed picture of the kinematics (velocity map) and deformation pattern (strain rate map) of the Italian area.
    Description: Published
    Description: 11-24
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: GNSS networks ; Italian area ; velocity field ; deformation rate ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The tectonic deformation of the Lipari-Vulcano complex, one of the most important active volcanic areas of Mediterranean region, is studied here through the analysis of ten years (1996-2006) of GPS data from both 3 permanent and 13 non-permanent stations. This area can be considered crucial for the understanding of the Eurasia-Africa plates interaction in the Mediterranean area, and, in general, this work emphasize a methodological approach, already applied in other areas worldwide (e.g. Shen et al., 1996, El-Fiki and Kato, 1999) where geodetic data and strain parameters maps of critical areas can help to improve our understanding of their geodynamical aspects. In this framework, this study is aimed at providing a kinematic deformation model on the basis of the dense geodetically estimated velocities of the Lipari-Vulcano complex. In particular, the observed deformation pattern can be described by a mix between 1) the main N-S regional compression and 2) a NNE-SSW compression with a small right-lateral strike slip component acting along a tectonic structure N°40W trending located between the two islands. This pattern was inspected through a simplified synthetic model.
    Description: This research has benefited from funding provided by the Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri – Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC).
    Description: Published
    Description: 370–377
    Description: 1.9. TTC - Rete GPS nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: GPS ; Aeolian Islands ; strain ; modelling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present an improved evaluation of the current strain and stress fields in Southern Apennines (Italy) obtained through a careful analysis of geodetic, seismological and borehole data. In particular, our analysis provides an updated comparison between the accrued strain recorded by geodetic data, and the strain released by seismic activity in a region hit by destructive historical earthquakes. To this end, we have used 9 years of GPS observations (2001-2010) from a dense network of permanent stations, a dataset of 73 well constrained stress indicators (borehole breakouts and focal mechanisms of moderate to large earthquakes), and published estimations of the geological strain accommodated by active faults in the region. Although geodetic data are generally consistent with seismic and geologic information, previously unknown features of the current deformation in southern Italy emerge from this analysis. The newly obtained GPS velocity field supports the well-established notion of a dominant NE-SW-oriented extension concentrated in a ~50 km wide belt along the topographic relief of the Apennines, as outlined by the distribution of seismogenic normal faults. Geodetic deformation is, however, non uniform along the belt, with two patches of higher strain-rate and shear stress accumulation in the north (Matese Mountains) and in the south (Irpinia area). Low geodetic strain-rates are found in the Bradano basin and Apulia plateau to the east. Along the Ionian Sea margin of southern Italy, in southern Apulia and eastern Basilicata and Calabria, geodetic velocities indicate NW-SE extension which is consistent with active shallow-crustal gravitational motion documented by geological studies. In the west, along the Tyrrhenian margin of the Campania region, the tectonic geodetic field is disturbed by volcanic processes. Comparison between the magnitude of the geodetic and the seismic strain-rates (computed using a long historical seismicity catalogue) allow detecting areas of high correlation, particularly along the axis of the mountain chain, indicating that most of the geodetic strain is released by earthquakes. This relation does not hold for the instrumental seismic catalogue, as a consequence of the limited time span covered by instrumental data. In other areas (e.g. Murge plateau in central Apulia), where seismicity is very low or absent, the yet appreciable geodetic deformation might be accommodated in aseismic mode. Overall, the excellent match between the stress and the strain-rate directions in much of the Apennines indicates that both earthquakes and ground deformation patterns are driven by the same crustal forces.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1270-1282
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Satellite geodesy ; Plate motions ; Neotectonics ; Europe ; Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Several volcanoes worldwide have shown changes in their stress state as a consequence of the deformation produced by the pressurization of a magmatic body. This study investigates seismic swarms occurring on the western flank of Mt. Etna in January 1997 - January 1998. Integrating seismic observations and geodetic data, we constrained the seismogenic fault system, and on the basis of stress tensor inversion and SHMAX analyses, we infer an inflating pressure source located at 5.5 km b.s.l. beneath the west portion of summit area. Evaluation of Coulomb failure stress (CFS) related to the proposed model, showed how a large part of the seismogenic fault underwent a significant CFS increase (500 kPa). We infer the presence of a sub-vertical faulted region, potentially weak, N50°E oriented beneath the western sector of Mt. Etna. This structure could be brought closer to failure thereby generating seismic swarms as the effect of elastic stress transfer induced by movement and/or overpressure of magmatic masses within the upper crust under the volcano.
    Description: This research was funded by the INGV–DPC 2007–2009 Agreement (Project V4_Flank).
    Description: Published
    Description: 339-348
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Etna ; modelling ; Seismicity ; GPS monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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