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  • Articles  (19)
  • Small-scale aquaculture  (11)
  • Genetics
  • Palaeoclimate
  • WorldFish  (15)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (3)
  • American Chemical Society  (1)
  • Bhubaneswar, India
  • 1
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    Genetic improvement of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) in India. Phase two: annual report for period January to December 2012 (2021)
    WorldFish | Bhubaneswar, India
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/12749 | 115 | 2013-12-03 13:46:30 | 12749 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-05
    Description: Macrobrachiurn rosenbergii is one of the widely cultured freshwater prawn species globally. India was the third largest producer of this species in 2007 and its aquaculture production rose to 43,000 metric tons (t) in 2005 froin less than 500 t in 1995. However, since then production has been declining and in 2008-09 it was 12,856 t, a reduction of more than 70% compared to 2005. There are several contributing factors to this decline, such as slow growth rate, poor survival, disease outbreaks, increase in cost of production, and availability of low risk alternative fish species. However, there is a consensus that poor seed quality leading to unsatisfactory growth and survival rates in ponds is one of the major reasons. Hence, the development of a systematic selective breeding program aimed at improving growth rate and ensuring high survival rate of this species was deemed a high priority. The Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA), Bhubaneswar, India in collaboration with the WorldFish Center, Malaysia initiated a selective breeding program for this species in 2007.
    Description: CIFA - WorldFish Project on Genetic Improvement of Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) in India (Phase Two)
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Prawn culture ; Genetics ; Seed production ; Selective breeding ; Freshwater aquaculture ; India •Livestock and Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 2
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    Aquaculture and food security, poverty alleviation and nutrition in Ghana: Case study prepared for the Aquaculture for Food Security, Poverty Alleviation and Nutrition project (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15601 | 115 | 2014-11-19 10:05:09 | 15601 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: This study provides an overview of the aquaculture sector in Ghana. It assesses the actual and potential contribution of aquaculture to poverty reduction and food security, and identifies enabling conditions for and drivers of the development of Ghana’s aquaculture sector. The study uses data collected from a variety of primary and secondary sources, including key informant interviews with actors within the aquaculture sector and relevant secondary literature.
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Food security ; Poverty reduction ; Small-scale farmers ; Small-scale fisheries ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Research ; Africa ; Ghana
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 3
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    Strain comparisons in aquaculture species: a manual (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10991 | 115 | 2013-03-17 12:38:07 | 10991 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: When different strains or breeds of a particular species are available, the best choice is seldom immediately obvious for producers. Scientists are also interested in the relative performance of different strains because it provides a basis for recommendations to producers and it often stimulates the conduct of work aimed at unraveling the underlying biological mechanisms involved in the expression of such differences. Hence, strain or breed comparisons of some sort are frequently conducted. This manual is designed to provide general guidelines for the design of strain comparison trials in aquaculture species. Example analyzes are provided using SAS and SPSS. The manual is intended to serve a wide range of readers from developing countries with limited access to information. The users, however, are expected to have a basic knowledge of quantitative genetics and experience in statistical methods and data analysis as well as familiarity with computer software. The manual mainly focuses on the practical aspects of design and data analysis, and interpretation of results.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program Livestock & Fish
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Genetics ; Selective breeding
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 4
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    Considerations about effective dissemination of improved fish strains (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10632 | 115 | 2013-07-12 04:44:53 | 10632 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: Aquaculture production systems in developing countries are largely based on the use of unimproved species and strains. As knowledge and experience are accumulated in relation to the management, feeding and animal health issues of such production systems, the availability of genetically more productive stock becomes imperative in order to more effectively use resources. For instance, there is little point in providing ideal water conditions and optimum feed quality to fish that do not have the potential to grow faster and to be harvested on time, providing a product of the desired quality. Refinements in the production system and improvement of the stock used must progress hand in hand. In this paper we deal separately with genetic and non-genetic issues pertaining to the multiplication and dissemination of improved strains. The separation is somewhat arbitrary, and as will be evident from our discussion, there is frequent interaction between the two.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Genetics ; Selective breeding
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 5
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    Informal fish retailing in rural Egypt: Opportunities to enhance income and work conditions for women and men (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15602 | 115 | 2014-11-19 10:06:38 | 15602 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Poor rural consumers benefit from Egypt’s aquaculture sector through access to small and medium-sized farmed tilapia sold by informal fish retailers, many of whom are women. In fact, informal fish retail is the main, if not only, segment of the farmed fish value chain where women are found. This report aims to inform current and future strategies to improve conditions in informal fish retail by understanding in more depth the similarities and differences in employment quality and outcomes across different fish retailers. It is particularly focused on identifying whether and how gender inequality influences different dimensions of the work, and whether women and men have similar outcomes and employment conditions. This knowledge will help to design interventions to overcome gender-based constraints, as well as approaches that address shared obstacles and include both women and men in gender-responsive ways to ensure that all of those involved in the sector benefit.
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Gender ; Livelihoods ; Poverty reduction ; Small-scale farmers ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Value chains ; Egypt
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 6
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    Risk analysis in aquaculture: A step-by-step introduction with worked examples (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16659 | 115 | 2015-04-13 11:44:30 | 16659 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: This publication is based on materials covered and outputs generated during the Workshop on Risk Assessment Methodologies and Tools for Aquaculture in Sub-Saharan Africa, which was jointly held by WorldFish and FAO in Siavonga, Zambia on 28 June - 2 July 2010. The workshop was delivered as a training exercise to 17 participants from seven sub-Saharan countries and was designed to highlight current methodologies and tools available for environmental risk analysis in aquaculture development. A key focus of the workshop was to encourage participants to consider hypothetical but realistic scenarios and to discuss issues relevant to evaluating the environmental risks of a given activity or scenario. This publication presents selected scenarios from the workshop and the outcomes of the deliberative process as developed by the participants. This publication is factual but not comprehensive, therefore any statements or estimations of risk do not represent the actual risks arising from the described scenario. It is intended to serve as an easily readable introduction to risk analysis, highlighting worked examples that will provide guidance on how a risk analysis may be approached in a similar situation.
    Description: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Genetics ; GIFT ; Livestock and fish ; Training ; Tilapia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 7
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    The role of farmed fish in the diets of the resource-poor in Egypt. (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16660 | 115 | 2015-04-13 11:52:22 | 16660 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: The Egyptian aquaculture industry provides more than 100,000 full-time or part-time jobs and produces the country’s least-expensive farmed animal protein. Thus, aquaculture plays an important role in both sustaining livelihoods and improving the diet quality and nutritional health of Egyptians, including a significant proportion of the 25.5% who are resource-poor. Recognizing this dual role, WorldFish has promoted sustainable growth in Egyptian aquaculture for more than 20 years. Through its work, WorldFish has identified a lack of quality data about fish consumption preferences and practices. Eager to fill this knowledge gap, WorldFish partnered with the Environment and Development Group (EDG) to study consumption of fish, red meat and poultry among the resource-poor in Egypt. This study aimed to characterize current consumer preferences for and consumption patterns of animal-source foods, comparing red meat, poultry and fish. The resulting data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of what drives demand for fish among the resource-poor in Egypt, allowing value chain actors to more successfully market their products to this segment of the population.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Livestock and fish ; Livelihoods ; Food security ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Surveys ; Value chains ; North Africa ; Egypt
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 8
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    Community water access, availability and management in the Tonle Sap region, Cambodia. (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16662 | 115 | 2015-04-13 11:49:05 | 16662 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: During the rollout of CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS) in Tonle Sap in 2013, water management was highlighted as one of the key development challenges. With limited capacity to regulate water, the situation oscillates between too much water in the wet season and too little water in the dry season. Access to and availability of water were seen by local communities as major limitations for aquatic and agricultural production, impacting on functions that include the lake fishery, intensive (dry season) rice crops, recession rice, rainfed rice and floating rice by the lakeside. For both fish and rice production, water and water management are determined principally by the natural flooding of the Tonle Sap Lake. This study is based on a community survey on water access, availability and management and was conceived out of the AAS consultation process and was developed to help identify existing practices in water use and management, as well as best practices where lessons can be learned and promising activities scaled out to other communities. The community survey also aims to understand, identify and analyze constraints and opportunities related to water, and includes a gender perspective to better understand the role of women in water management and use.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Flood plains ; Fresh water ; Governance ; Livelihoods ; Gender ; Policy ; Research ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Surveys ; Asia ; Cambodia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 9
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    First biological measurements of deep-sea corals from the Red Sea (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2013. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 3 (2013): 2802, doi:10.1038/srep02802.
    Description: It is usually assumed that metabolic constraints restrict deep-sea corals to cold-water habitats, with ‘deep-sea’ and ‘cold-water’ corals often used as synonymous. Here we report on the first measurements of biological characters of deep-sea corals from the central Red Sea, where they occur at temperatures exceeding 20°C in highly oligotrophic and oxygen-limited waters. Low respiration rates, low calcification rates, and minimized tissue cover indicate that a reduced metabolism is one of the key adaptations to prevailing environmental conditions. We investigated four sites and encountered six species of which at least two appear to be undescribed. One species is previously reported from the Red Sea but occurs in deep cold waters outside the Red Sea raising interesting questions about presumed environmental constraints for other deep-sea corals. Our findings suggest that the present understanding of deep-sea coral persistence and resilience needs to be revisited.
    Keywords: Ecosystem ecology ; Biodiversity ; Genetics ; Metabolism
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 10
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    The intertropical convergence zone modulates intense hurricane strikes on the western North Atlantic margin (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 6 (2016): 21728, doi:10.1038/srep21728
    Description: Most Atlantic hurricanes form in the Main Development Region between 9°N to 20°N along the northern edge of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Previous research has suggested that meridional shifts in the ITCZ position on geologic timescales can modulate hurricane activity, but continuous and long-term storm records are needed from multiple sites to assess this hypothesis. Here we present a 3000 year record of intense hurricane strikes in the northern Bahamas (Abaco Island) based on overwash deposits in a coastal sinkhole, which indicates that the ITCZ has likely helped modulate intense hurricane strikes on the western North Atlantic margin on millennial to centennial-scales. The new reconstruction closely matches a previous reconstruction from Puerto Rico, and documents a period of elevated intense hurricane activity on the western North Atlantic margin from 2500 to 1000 years ago when paleo precipitation proxies suggest that the ITCZ occupied a more northern position. Considering that anthropogenic warming is predicted to be focused in the northern hemisphere in the coming century, these results provide a prehistoric analog that an attendant northern ITCZ shift in the future may again return the western North Atlantic margin to an active hurricane interval.
    Description: This research was supported by NSF Awards: OCE-1519578, OCE-1356708, BCS-1118340.
    Keywords: Climate-change impacts ; Forest ecology ; Ocean sciences ; Palaeoclimate
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 11
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    Aquaculture technologies in Bangladesh: an assessment of technical and economic performance and producer behavior (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20459 | 115 | 2016-04-12 10:21:39 | 20459 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This study evaluates the performance of a wide range of aquaculture systems in Bangladesh. It is by far the largest of its kind attempted to date. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the most important production systems, rather than to provide a nationally representative overview of the entire aquaculture sector of Bangladesh. As such, the study yields a huge amount of new information on production technologies that have never been thoroughly researched before. The study reveals an extremely diverse array of specialized, dynamic and rapidly evolving production technologies, adapted to a variety of market niches and local environmental conditions. This is a testament to the innovativeness of farmers and other value chain actors who have been the principal drivers of this development in Bangladesh. Data was collected from six geographical hubs. This survey was conducted from November 2011 to June 2012. Technological performance in terms of detailed input and output information, fish management practices, credit and marketing, and social and environmental issues were captured by the survey questionnaire, which had both open and closed format questions. The study generated insights that enable better understanding of aquaculture development in Bangladesh.
    Description: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
    Description: Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia in Bangladesh
    Description: Aquaculture for Income and Nutrition
    Description: Agriculture and Nutrition Extension project
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions and Markets
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fisheries
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Sociology ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Small-scale fisheries ; Fisheries management ; Surveys ; Research ; South Asia ; Bangladesh Small-scale aquaculture ; Small-scale fisheries ; Fisheries management ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Surveys ; Research ; South Asia ; Bangladesh
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 12
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    Understanding the gender dimensions of adopting climate-smart smallholder aquaculture innovations (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20653 | 115 | 2016-06-01 02:08:39 | 20653 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-11
    Description: This study explored how climate-smart agricultural and aquaculture innovations may lead to more successful climate adaptation efforts and enhanced resilience for both men and women in households and across communities, as well as to improved and equitable outcomes in terms of income, nutrition and livelihood opportunities. Specifically, it investigated efforts to target women with household aquaculture innovations to understand (1) if such approaches enable women to use or benefit from them; (2) if and how usage impacts the sustained use of these innovations; and (3) if it would be possible to scale out these innovations to achieve large scale development outcomes.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Sociology ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Gender ; Climate change ; Research ; South Asia ; Bangladesh
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 13
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    The WISH pond: potential for development of aquaculture in northeast Cambodia (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20169 | 115 | 2016-03-08 00:28:13 | 20169 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: In Cambodia, fish provide a major source of animal protein for rural households. Capture fisheries have declined and aquaculture has been identified as playing an important role in food and nutritional security and rural income generation. In 2011, WorldFish, in partnership with the Stung Treng Fishery Administration Cantonment and the Culture and Environment Preservation Association, aimed at improving the uptake of small-scale aquaculture by communities with limited experience in fish culture in Stung Treng Province in northeast Cambodia. The system was given the name “WISH ponds,” derived from the combination of the words "water" and "fish" to reflect the integration of fish cultivation with water for storage and vegetable growing. It was targeted towards households with limited space to construct large aquaculture ponds, such as peri-urban households. The study indicated that WISH ponds can create an important learning platform for communities to address challenges associated with small-scale aquaculture development by using scientific data generated and owned by the participants. Results from this 2011 study provided important insights into the challenges and constraints for introducing small-scale aquaculture into rural households in Cambodia. In mid-2013, WorldFish won a Feed the Future Partnering for Innovation grant, funded by the United States Agency for International Development, to build upon its successful engagement with communities in northeast Cambodia where WISH ponds had already been introduced and investigate scaling this technology to establish more WISH ponds in these communities.
    Description: United States Agency for International Development
    Description: WISH pond
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Fish ponds ; Gender ; Research ; Southeast Asia ; Cambodia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 14
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    Aquaculture for income and nutrition: Final report (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21649 | 115 | 2017-11-14 09:11:56 | 21649 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: The United States Agency for International Development-Aquaculture for Income and Nutrition (USAID-AIN) project, implemented by WorldFish, emphasized technology development for improved fish strains, and capacity building in hatcheries and nurseries for wider dissemination and uptake among small- and medium-scale household and commercial producers. Improving nutritional benefits from household aquaculture investment was also an important activity of the project. Specifically, AIN aimed to increase aquaculture production by developing hatcheries and nurseries, disseminating improved fish and shrimp seed, enhancing farm management skills of smallholder farmers, promoting new technologies to expand commercial aquaculture, developing backward and forward market linkages, supporting policy reform and building capacity of the public and private sectors, which resulted in increased productivity and revenue for farmers. This report also highlights the major achievements of the AIN project between 2011 and 2016.
    Description: USAID
    Description: The United States Agency for International Development-Aquaculture for Income and Nutrition
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Health ; Sociology ; Aquaculture ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Small-scale farmers ; Small-scale fisheries •Food security •Nutrition
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 15
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    Sierra Leone aquaculture assessment with special emphasis on Tonkolili and Bombali districts (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24853 | 115 | 2018-06-03 09:05:57 | 24853 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This assessment set out to investigate why fish farming has spread in Tonkolili District yet been poorly adopted in neighboring Bombali District. The purpose was to analyze what was working in Tonkolili but not in Bombali and then extrapolate this beyond Tonkolili. The current study aims to consolidate the most recent FAO study and map out pond distribution in Tonkolili, the most popular aquaculture development district in Sierra Leone, while also trying to make sense of this distribution. It also tries to update existing GIS models for aquaculture site suitability, particularly Tonkolili, with a view to identifying the opportunities and challenges of developing aquaculture in the country.
    Description: USAID
    Description: Future for Fish
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Small-scale farmers ; Household surveys ; GIS ; Fish ponds ; West Africa ; West Africa ; Sierra Leone
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Inland valley swamp assessment in Tonkolili District, Sierra Leone (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24852 | 115 | 2018-06-03 09:03:36 | 24852 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Inland valley swamps (IVSs) form part of the upland-inland valley continuum in Sierra Leone, occupying the lowest position in the landscape. This study aimed to analyze the actual use, constraints on the use and the agro-potential of IVS in Tonkolili District. Through interviews and limited field testing, it was possible to obtain detailed information regarding socioeconomic aspects and food production systems, as well as a rough assessment of physical properties such as soil quality and inundation period for each targeted IVS in all 11 chiefdoms in the district. The report concludes with several recommendations for interventions to optimize the use of IVSs in Tonkolili District to enhance food production, nutrition and income.
    Description: USAID
    Description: Feed the Future
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Wetlands ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Small-scale farmers ; Household surveys ; Rice ; West Africa ; West Africa ; Sierra Leone
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 17
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    Building climate-resilient food systems for Pacific Islands (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/17291 | 115 | 2015-06-20 06:25:25 | 17291 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-11
    Description: The countries and territories of the Pacific Islands face many challenges in building the three main pillars of food security: availability, access and appropriate use of nutritious food. These challenges arise from factors including rapid population growth and urbanization, shortages of arable land for farming and the availability of cheap, low-quality foods. As a result, many are now highly dependent on imported food, and the incidence of non-communicable diseases in the region is among the highest in the world. This report summarizes: 1) the projected effects of climate change on agriculture, fisheries and aquaculture in the Pacific region; 2) adaptations and supporting policies needed to reduce risks to food production; 3) gaps in knowledge that must be filled in order to implement the adaptations effectively; 4) recommendations to fill these knowledge gaps.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Small-scale agriculture ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Food security ; Policy ; Resilience ; Research ; Pacific
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 18
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    Production of two highly abundant 2-methyl-branched fatty acids by blooms of the globally significant marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium erythraeum (2021)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Gosselin, K. M., Nelson, R. K., Spivak, A. C., Sylva, S. P., Van Mooy, B. A. S., Aeppli, C., Sharpless, C. M., O’Neil, G. W., Arrington, E. C., Reddy, C. M., & Valentine, D. L. Production of two highly abundant 2-methyl-branched fatty acids by blooms of the globally significant marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium erythraeum. ACS Omega, 6(35), (2021): 22803–22810, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c03196.
    Description: The bloom-forming cyanobacteria Trichodesmium contribute up to 30% to the total fixed nitrogen in the global oceans and thereby drive substantial productivity. On an expedition in the Gulf of Mexico, we observed and sampled surface slicks, some of which included dense blooms of Trichodesmium erythraeum. These bloom samples contained abundant and atypical free fatty acids, identified here as 2-methyldecanoic acid and 2-methyldodecanoic acid. The high abundance and unusual branching pattern of these compounds suggest that they may play a specific role in this globally important organism.
    Description: This work was funded with grants from the National Science Foundation grants OCE-1333148, OCE-1333162, and OCE-1756254 and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (IR&D). GCxGC analysis made possible by WHOI’s Investment in Science Fund.
    Keywords: Lipids ; Alkyls ; Bacteria ; Genetics ; Chromatography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 19
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    CO2 and fire influence tropical ecosystem stability in response to climate change (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 6 (2016): 29587, doi:10.1038/srep29587.
    Description: Interactions between climate, fire and CO2 are believed to play a crucial role in controlling the distributions of tropical woodlands and savannas, but our understanding of these processes is limited by the paucity of data from undisturbed tropical ecosystems. Here we use a 28,000-year integrated record of vegetation, climate and fire from West Africa to examine the role of these interactions on tropical ecosystem stability. We find that increased aridity between 28–15 kyr B.P. led to the widespread expansion of tropical grasslands, but that frequent fires and low CO2 played a crucial role in stabilizing these ecosystems, even as humidity changed. This resulted in an unstable ecosystem state, which transitioned abruptly from grassland to woodlands as gradual changes in CO2 and fire shifted the balance in favor of woody plants. Since then, high atmospheric CO2 has stabilized tropical forests by promoting woody plant growth, despite increased aridity. Our results indicate that the interactions between climate, CO2 and fire can make tropical ecosystems more resilient to change, but that these systems are dynamically unstable and potentially susceptible to abrupt shifts between woodland and grassland dominated states in the future.
    Description: This work was supported by NSF grants EAR0601998, EAR0602355, AGS0402010, ATM0401908, ATM0214525, ATM0096232 and AGS1243125 and a Chevron Centennial Fellowship at the University of Texas at Austin awarded to T.M.S.
    Keywords: Climate-change ecology ; Palaeoclimate
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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