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  • Articles  (28)
  • Livelihoods  (20)
  • Genetics
  • Palaeoclimate
  • WorldFish  (24)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (3)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Bhubaneswar, India
  • 1
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    Resilient livelihoods and food security in coastal aquatic agricultural systems: Investing in transformational change (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10627 | 115 | 2013-07-12 04:53:41 | 10627 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: Aquatic agricultural systems (AAS) are diverse production and livelihood systems where families cultivate a range of crops, raise livestock, farm or catch fish, gather fruits and other tree crops, and harness natural resources such as timber, reeds, and wildlife. Aquatic agricultural systems occur along freshwater floodplains, coastal deltas, and inshore marine waters, and are characterized by dependence on seasonal changes in productivity, driven by seasonal variation in rainfall, river flow, and/or coastal and marine processes. Despite this natural productivity, the farming, fishing, and herding communities who live in these systems are among the poorest and most vulnerable in their countries and regions. This report provides an overview of the scale and scope of development challenges in coastal aquatic agricultural systems, their significance for poor and vulnerable communities, and the opportunities for partnership and investment that support efforts of these communities to secure resilient livelihoods in the face of multiple risks.
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Food security ; Livelihoods ; Farming systems
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 2
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    Participatory action research on climate risk management, Bangladesh (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10631 | 115 | 2013-07-12 04:55:04 | 10631 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: The rural populations of southern Bangladesh are some of the most vulnerable communities in the world to the future impacts of climate change. They are particularly at risk from floods, waterlogged soils, and increasing salinity of both land and water. The objective of this project was to analyze the vulnerability of people in four villages that are experiencing different levels of soil salinity. The study evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of current coping strategies and assessed the potential of an index-based insurance scheme, designed diversification and better information products to improve adaptive capacity.
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Agriculture ; Farming ; Livelihoods ; Soil ; Bangladesh
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 3
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    Feed the future aquaculture project: annual report October 2011-Sept 2012 (2021)
    WorldFish | Dhaka, Bangladesh
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/12700 | 115 | 2013-12-04 08:13:26 | 12700 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-04
    Description: The Feed the Future Aquaculture project is a five year transformative investment in aquaculture focused on 20 southern districts in Barisal, Khulna and Dhaka divisions, Bangladesh. This report describes the achievements of FtF-Aquaculture project activities implemented during FY12. Some of the targets for production and associated income have not been achieved yet as a large share of the fish will be harvested after closing of the reporting period. However, on the basis of growth monitoring, indications are that production is on track to achieve the targets.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program Livestock and Fish
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Research ; Food security ; Livelihoods
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 4
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    Feed the future aquaculture project: draft quarterly progress report, Jan-March 2013 (2021)
    WorldFish | Dhaka, Bangladesh
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/12701 | 115 | 2013-12-04 08:15:49 | 12701 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-04
    Description: The Feed the Future Aquaculture project is a five year transformative investment in aquaculture focused on 20 southern districts in Barisal, Khulna and Dhaka divisions, Bangladesh, which started in October 2011. This report describes the achievements of FtF-Aquaculture project activities implemented during the 6th quarter (January to March 2013) along with cumulative progress on FtF indicators. Due to the seasonality of fish and shrimp production, which is out of sync with the project year, final harvesting of aquaculture production was completed in this quarter. The achievements summarized below relate to progress of project activities. Progress against the FtF indicators that were not reported on previously are now included in this report.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program Livestock and Fish
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Research ; Food security ; Livelihoods
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 5
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    Genetic improvement of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) in India. Phase two: annual report for period January to December 2012 (2021)
    WorldFish | Bhubaneswar, India
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/12749 | 115 | 2013-12-03 13:46:30 | 12749 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-05
    Description: Macrobrachiurn rosenbergii is one of the widely cultured freshwater prawn species globally. India was the third largest producer of this species in 2007 and its aquaculture production rose to 43,000 metric tons (t) in 2005 froin less than 500 t in 1995. However, since then production has been declining and in 2008-09 it was 12,856 t, a reduction of more than 70% compared to 2005. There are several contributing factors to this decline, such as slow growth rate, poor survival, disease outbreaks, increase in cost of production, and availability of low risk alternative fish species. However, there is a consensus that poor seed quality leading to unsatisfactory growth and survival rates in ponds is one of the major reasons. Hence, the development of a systematic selective breeding program aimed at improving growth rate and ensuring high survival rate of this species was deemed a high priority. The Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA), Bhubaneswar, India in collaboration with the WorldFish Center, Malaysia initiated a selective breeding program for this species in 2007.
    Description: CIFA - WorldFish Project on Genetic Improvement of Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) in India (Phase Two)
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Prawn culture ; Genetics ; Seed production ; Selective breeding ; Freshwater aquaculture ; India •Livestock and Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 6
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    Tonle Sap scoping report (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/12823 | 115 | 2016-03-01 06:59:01 | 12823 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: The scoping mission team was composed of 14 people representing research institutions (RUPP), government (FiA, IFReDI), NGOs (ANKO, ADIC) and CGIAR institutions (WorldFish and Bioversity). The scoping trip was carried out over a 7-day period from April 28 to May 4 within eight (8) communities in Kampong Thom, Siem Reap, Battambang, Pursat and Kampong Chhnang. In addition, panel discussions were held with local government, fishery, agriculture and water management institutions, NGOs, the private sector and communities, and were convened in Siem Reap, Battambang and Pursat. The AAS scoping team focused their enquiries on five themes, and the findings of this report are presented in sections that highlight the opportunities, challenges and knowledge gaps related to each theme. The sections have been lightly edited to maintain the style and intention of the authors. The themes are: 1) AAS production systems--fish, rice, aquaculture. 2) Livelihoods, poverty, and gender equity . 3) Value chains and markets. 4) Institutions and governance. 5) Knowledge management and partnerships.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Policies ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Development projects ; Research ; Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Agriculture ; Value chains ; Livelihoods ; Governance ; Gender ; Poverty reduction ; Cambodia ; Tonle Sap L.
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 7
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    Strengthening community roles in aquatic resource governance in Uganda (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15596 | 115 | 2014-11-19 08:49:14 | 15596 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Lake Victoria fisheries face severe environmental stresses. Stocks are declining in a context of increasing population and growing demand for the lake’s resources. Rising competition between users is putting conservation goals and rural livelihoods at risk. While Uganda’s co-management policy framework is well-developed, key resources for implementation are lacking, enforcement is poor, and the relations between stakeholders are unequal. Poor rural resource users face significant challenges to effectively participate in fisheries decision-making. This case study demonstrates the progress that can be made using a collaborative approach to catalyze community-led actions linking public health, sanitation and environmental conservation in difficult circumstances, even over a relatively short time period. Multistakeholder dialogue can bring to light the sources of conflict, pinpoint governance challenges, and identify opportunities for institutional collaboration to address community needs. At the same time, the process can help build trust, confidence in collective action and public accountability.
    Description: Collaborating for Resilience
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Accountability ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Aquatic resources ; Capacity development ; Co-management ; Conservation ; Environmental protection ; Equity ; Fisheries management ; Fresh water ; Governance ; Health ; Human rights ; Livelihoods ; Monitoring and evaluation ; Natural resource management ; Participatory action research ; Partnerships ; Policy ; Research ; Resilience ; Vulnerability ; Uganda ; Africa
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 8
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    Strain comparisons in aquaculture species: a manual (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10991 | 115 | 2013-03-17 12:38:07 | 10991 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: When different strains or breeds of a particular species are available, the best choice is seldom immediately obvious for producers. Scientists are also interested in the relative performance of different strains because it provides a basis for recommendations to producers and it often stimulates the conduct of work aimed at unraveling the underlying biological mechanisms involved in the expression of such differences. Hence, strain or breed comparisons of some sort are frequently conducted. This manual is designed to provide general guidelines for the design of strain comparison trials in aquaculture species. Example analyzes are provided using SAS and SPSS. The manual is intended to serve a wide range of readers from developing countries with limited access to information. The users, however, are expected to have a basic knowledge of quantitative genetics and experience in statistical methods and data analysis as well as familiarity with computer software. The manual mainly focuses on the practical aspects of design and data analysis, and interpretation of results.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program Livestock & Fish
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Genetics ; Selective breeding
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 9
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    Considerations about effective dissemination of improved fish strains (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10632 | 115 | 2013-07-12 04:44:53 | 10632 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: Aquaculture production systems in developing countries are largely based on the use of unimproved species and strains. As knowledge and experience are accumulated in relation to the management, feeding and animal health issues of such production systems, the availability of genetically more productive stock becomes imperative in order to more effectively use resources. For instance, there is little point in providing ideal water conditions and optimum feed quality to fish that do not have the potential to grow faster and to be harvested on time, providing a product of the desired quality. Refinements in the production system and improvement of the stock used must progress hand in hand. In this paper we deal separately with genetic and non-genetic issues pertaining to the multiplication and dissemination of improved strains. The separation is somewhat arbitrary, and as will be evident from our discussion, there is frequent interaction between the two.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Genetics ; Selective breeding
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 10
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    Strengthening collective action to address resource conflict in Lake Kariba, Zambia (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15597 | 115 | 2014-11-19 08:54:56 | 15597 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Where natural resources are a key component of the rural economy, the ability of the poor to realize their visions for the future depends significantly on institutional structures that govern resource access and management. This case study reports on an initiative on the shores of Lake Kariba in Zambia, where lakeshore residents face competition over fishing, tourism, and commercial aquaculture. Multistakeholder dialogue produced agreements with investors and increased accountability of state agencies and traditional leaders, enabling communities to have greater influence over their futures through improvements in aquatic resource governance. The report documents the rationale for the approach followed and steps in the capacity-building process, discusses obstacles encountered, and identifies lessons for policymakers and practitioners seeking to implement a similar approach.
    Description: Collaborating for Resilience
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Capacity development ; Co-management ; Environmental assessment ; Environmental protection ; Equity ; Fisheries management ; Fresh water ; Governance ; Livelihoods ; Monitoring and evaluation ; Natural resource management ; Participatory action research ; Partnerships ; Policy ; Research ; Resilience ; Value chains ; Zambia ; Africa
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 11
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    Fish for the future: Fisheries development and food security for Kiribati in an era of global climate change (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15600 | 115 | 2014-11-19 10:02:49 | 15600 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: The Republic of Kiribati is a vast South Pacific island group with one of the largest exclusive economic zones (EEZs) in the world. Kiribati waters support a wealth of marine fisheries activities. These activities occur in oceanic, coastal and inshore environments and range from large, foreign, industrial-scale oceanic fishing operations to small-scale, domestic, inshore subsistence fisheries, aquaculture and recreational fisheries. Kiribati has developed a framework of domestic and international governance arrangements that are designed to sustainably manage its wealth of marine resources. The report provides background information for fisheries projects in Kiribati that aim to build food security, improve artisanal livelihoods and strengthen community engagement in fisheries governance. It provides information on the current status of Kiribati fishery resources (oceanic and coastal), their current governance and future challenges. Fish and fisher alike pay little heed to maritime boundaries and bureaucratic distinctions. This report covers both sides of the oceanic/coastal boundary because of the I-Kiribati communities’ interest in oceanic fisheries such as tuna and their heavy dependence on its fisheries resources for food security and economic development. The report focuses on two potential pilot sites for community-based fisheries management projects: North Tarawa and Butaritari.
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Adaptive management ; Aquatic resources ; Climate change ; Coastal fisheries ; Fisheries ; Governance ; Fisheries management ; Food security ; Marine fisheries ; Small-scale fisheries ; Livelihoods ; Gender ; Policy ; Pacific
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 12
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    Dialogue to address the roots of resource competition: Lessons for policy and practice (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15599 | 115 | 2014-11-19 09:58:38 | 15599 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Conflict management is an intrinsic element of natural resource management, and becomes increasingly important amid growing pressure on natural resources from local uses, as well as from external drivers such as climate change and international investment. If policymakers and practitioners aim to truly improve livelihood resilience and reduce vulnerabilities of poor rural households, issues of resource competition and conflict management cannot be ignored. This synthesis report summarizes outcomes and lessons from three ecoregions: Lake Victoria, with a focus on Uganda; Lake Kariba, with a focus on Zambia; and Tonle Sap Lake in Cambodia. Partners used a common approach to stakeholder engagement and action research that we call “Collaborating for Resilience”. In each region, partners assisted local stakeholders in developing a shared understanding of risks and opportunities, weighing alternative actions, developing action plans, and evaluating and learning from the outcomes. These experiences demonstrate that investing in capacities for conflict management is practical and can contribute to broader improvements in resource governance.
    Description: Collaborating for Resilience
    Description: An earlier version of this report was presented to the Biennial Conference of the International Association for the Study of the Commons, June 3–7, 2013, Fujiyoshida, Japan
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Capacity development ; Co-management ; Environmental protection ; Equity ; Fisheries management ; Governance ; Livelihoods ; Monitoring and evaluation ; Natural resource management ; Participatory action research ; Partnerships ; Policy ; Research ; Resilience ; Asia ; Africa ; Cambodia ; Zambia ; Uganda
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 13
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    Informal fish retailing in rural Egypt: Opportunities to enhance income and work conditions for women and men (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15602 | 115 | 2014-11-19 10:06:38 | 15602 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Poor rural consumers benefit from Egypt’s aquaculture sector through access to small and medium-sized farmed tilapia sold by informal fish retailers, many of whom are women. In fact, informal fish retail is the main, if not only, segment of the farmed fish value chain where women are found. This report aims to inform current and future strategies to improve conditions in informal fish retail by understanding in more depth the similarities and differences in employment quality and outcomes across different fish retailers. It is particularly focused on identifying whether and how gender inequality influences different dimensions of the work, and whether women and men have similar outcomes and employment conditions. This knowledge will help to design interventions to overcome gender-based constraints, as well as approaches that address shared obstacles and include both women and men in gender-responsive ways to ensure that all of those involved in the sector benefit.
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Gender ; Livelihoods ; Poverty reduction ; Small-scale farmers ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Value chains ; Egypt
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  • 14
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    Risk analysis in aquaculture: A step-by-step introduction with worked examples (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16659 | 115 | 2015-04-13 11:44:30 | 16659 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: This publication is based on materials covered and outputs generated during the Workshop on Risk Assessment Methodologies and Tools for Aquaculture in Sub-Saharan Africa, which was jointly held by WorldFish and FAO in Siavonga, Zambia on 28 June - 2 July 2010. The workshop was delivered as a training exercise to 17 participants from seven sub-Saharan countries and was designed to highlight current methodologies and tools available for environmental risk analysis in aquaculture development. A key focus of the workshop was to encourage participants to consider hypothetical but realistic scenarios and to discuss issues relevant to evaluating the environmental risks of a given activity or scenario. This publication presents selected scenarios from the workshop and the outcomes of the deliberative process as developed by the participants. This publication is factual but not comprehensive, therefore any statements or estimations of risk do not represent the actual risks arising from the described scenario. It is intended to serve as an easily readable introduction to risk analysis, highlighting worked examples that will provide guidance on how a risk analysis may be approached in a similar situation.
    Description: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Genetics ; GIFT ; Livestock and fish ; Training ; Tilapia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 15
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    The role of farmed fish in the diets of the resource-poor in Egypt. (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16660 | 115 | 2015-04-13 11:52:22 | 16660 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: The Egyptian aquaculture industry provides more than 100,000 full-time or part-time jobs and produces the country’s least-expensive farmed animal protein. Thus, aquaculture plays an important role in both sustaining livelihoods and improving the diet quality and nutritional health of Egyptians, including a significant proportion of the 25.5% who are resource-poor. Recognizing this dual role, WorldFish has promoted sustainable growth in Egyptian aquaculture for more than 20 years. Through its work, WorldFish has identified a lack of quality data about fish consumption preferences and practices. Eager to fill this knowledge gap, WorldFish partnered with the Environment and Development Group (EDG) to study consumption of fish, red meat and poultry among the resource-poor in Egypt. This study aimed to characterize current consumer preferences for and consumption patterns of animal-source foods, comparing red meat, poultry and fish. The resulting data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of what drives demand for fish among the resource-poor in Egypt, allowing value chain actors to more successfully market their products to this segment of the population.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Livestock and fish ; Livelihoods ; Food security ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Surveys ; Value chains ; North Africa ; Egypt
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    Community water access, availability and management in the Tonle Sap region, Cambodia. (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16662 | 115 | 2015-04-13 11:49:05 | 16662 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: During the rollout of CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS) in Tonle Sap in 2013, water management was highlighted as one of the key development challenges. With limited capacity to regulate water, the situation oscillates between too much water in the wet season and too little water in the dry season. Access to and availability of water were seen by local communities as major limitations for aquatic and agricultural production, impacting on functions that include the lake fishery, intensive (dry season) rice crops, recession rice, rainfed rice and floating rice by the lakeside. For both fish and rice production, water and water management are determined principally by the natural flooding of the Tonle Sap Lake. This study is based on a community survey on water access, availability and management and was conceived out of the AAS consultation process and was developed to help identify existing practices in water use and management, as well as best practices where lessons can be learned and promising activities scaled out to other communities. The community survey also aims to understand, identify and analyze constraints and opportunities related to water, and includes a gender perspective to better understand the role of women in water management and use.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Flood plains ; Fresh water ; Governance ; Livelihoods ; Gender ; Policy ; Research ; Small-scale aquaculture ; Surveys ; Asia ; Cambodia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Promising practices in food security and nutrition assistance to vulnerable households in the Tonle Sap Region, Cambodia (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/17348 | 115 | 2015-06-25 10:21:29 | 17348 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-11
    Description: The CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS) seeks to reduce poverty and improve food security for many small-scale fishers and farmers who are dependent on aquatic agriculture systems by partnering with local, national and international partners to achieve large-scale development impact. This study on promising practices in food security and nutrition assistance to vulnerable households in the Tonle Sap region forms part of the preliminary research that informs AAS work in the highly productive Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake floodplain. The study aims to identify and learn from promising practices that have had a positive impact on the food security and nutrition of vulnerable households in the Tonle Sap region.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Nutrition ; Food security ; Livelihoods ; Governance ; Research ; Cambodia ; Asia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Innovations to strengthen aquatic resource governance on Cambodia’s Tonle Sap Lake (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15595 | 115 | 2014-11-19 08:45:51 | 15595 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Cambodia’s recent freshwater fishery sector reform, instigated at the top level of government, is one of the country’s most significant contemporary policy developments addressing natural resources management and rural development. Implemented in two main waves, the reforms culminated in the complete removal of inland commercial fishing lots. Yet serious problems still need to be addressed, including reportedly widespread illegal fishing, difficulties in protecting critical habitats, and competition among state agencies over resource management authority. This report summarizes the context of the recent fishery reforms, analyzes challenges and opportunities for policy implementation after the reforms, and details the outcomes of local institutional innovations in Kampong Thom Province, followed by a discussion of the implications for ongoing efforts aimed at reducing resource conflict and building livelihood resilience.
    Description: Collaborating for Resilience
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Aquatic resources ; Capacity development ; Co-management ; Environmental policy ; Environmental protection ; Equity ; Fisheries management ; Fresh water ; Governance ; Illegal fishing ; Law and regulation ; Livelihoods ; Monitoring and evaluation ; Natural resource management ; Participatory action research ; Partnerships ; Policy ; Research ; Resilience ; Cambodia ; Asia
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    Collaborating for Resilience: a practitioner’s guide (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15598 | 115 | 2014-11-19 09:00:42 | 15598 | WorldFish Center
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: In many countries, resource conflict is a leading risk to livelihoods. For some communities, it is a matter of survival. Yet, many development interventions aiming to address these challenges fail or fall far short of their potential. Common reasons include conflicting agendas, power and politics; poor local commitment and leadership; lack of coordination; plus high costs and low sustainability, as programs often unravel when development finance ends. Overcoming these obstacles requires a shift from typical approaches to planning, implementing and evaluating rural development and natural resource management initiatives. This manual introduces one approach to achieving such breakthroughs in collective action, called Collaborating for Resilience. The manual presents a set of principles and field-tested guidance on exploring the potential for collaboration, facilitating dialogue and action, evaluating outcomes, and sustaining collaboration over time.
    Description: Collaborating for Resilience
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Capacity development ; Co-management ; Environmental protection ; Equity ; Fisheries management ; Governance ; Livelihoods ; Methodology ; Monitoring and evaluation ; Natural resource management ; Participatory action research ; Partnerships ; Policy ; Research ; Resilience ; Sustainability
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    First biological measurements of deep-sea corals from the Red Sea (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2013. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 3 (2013): 2802, doi:10.1038/srep02802.
    Description: It is usually assumed that metabolic constraints restrict deep-sea corals to cold-water habitats, with ‘deep-sea’ and ‘cold-water’ corals often used as synonymous. Here we report on the first measurements of biological characters of deep-sea corals from the central Red Sea, where they occur at temperatures exceeding 20°C in highly oligotrophic and oxygen-limited waters. Low respiration rates, low calcification rates, and minimized tissue cover indicate that a reduced metabolism is one of the key adaptations to prevailing environmental conditions. We investigated four sites and encountered six species of which at least two appear to be undescribed. One species is previously reported from the Red Sea but occurs in deep cold waters outside the Red Sea raising interesting questions about presumed environmental constraints for other deep-sea corals. Our findings suggest that the present understanding of deep-sea coral persistence and resilience needs to be revisited.
    Keywords: Ecosystem ecology ; Biodiversity ; Genetics ; Metabolism
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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    The intertropical convergence zone modulates intense hurricane strikes on the western North Atlantic margin (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 6 (2016): 21728, doi:10.1038/srep21728
    Description: Most Atlantic hurricanes form in the Main Development Region between 9°N to 20°N along the northern edge of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Previous research has suggested that meridional shifts in the ITCZ position on geologic timescales can modulate hurricane activity, but continuous and long-term storm records are needed from multiple sites to assess this hypothesis. Here we present a 3000 year record of intense hurricane strikes in the northern Bahamas (Abaco Island) based on overwash deposits in a coastal sinkhole, which indicates that the ITCZ has likely helped modulate intense hurricane strikes on the western North Atlantic margin on millennial to centennial-scales. The new reconstruction closely matches a previous reconstruction from Puerto Rico, and documents a period of elevated intense hurricane activity on the western North Atlantic margin from 2500 to 1000 years ago when paleo precipitation proxies suggest that the ITCZ occupied a more northern position. Considering that anthropogenic warming is predicted to be focused in the northern hemisphere in the coming century, these results provide a prehistoric analog that an attendant northern ITCZ shift in the future may again return the western North Atlantic margin to an active hurricane interval.
    Description: This research was supported by NSF Awards: OCE-1519578, OCE-1356708, BCS-1118340.
    Keywords: Climate-change impacts ; Forest ecology ; Ocean sciences ; Palaeoclimate
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    Improving Employment and Income through Development of Egypt’s Aquaculture Sector (IEIDEAS) project (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20662 | 115 | 2016-05-31 01:21:33 | 20662 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-11
    Description: The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)-funded Improving Employment and Income through Development of Egypt’s Aquaculture Sector (IEIDEAS) project was implemented by WorldFish in partnership with CARE Egypt and the Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation from 2011 to 2014 and later extended to November 2015. The project focused on four governorates with significant aquaculture production (Kafr El Sheikh, Behera, Sharkia and Fayoum) and one governorate (El Mineya), where aquaculture was a new activity. The project was based on a value chain analysis conducted by WorldFish in September 2011 that identified the aquaculture value chain as a significant employer, particularly in rural areas. The analysis suggested that there was scope to increase employment of youth and women in the aquaculture sector The main objective was to increase aquaculture production by 10% and create 10,000 jobs. Other objectives included improving profitability for existing producers, securing employment for women fish retailers, expanding aquaculture in El Mineya and improving the policy environment for aquaculture.
    Description: The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation
    Description: Improving Employment and Income through Development of Egypt’s Aquaculture Sector
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Aquaculture ; Gender ; Livelihoods ; Value chains ; Africa ; Egypt
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    Learning from the lagoon: Research in development in Solomon Islands (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20950 | 115 | 2016-07-28 09:45:28 | 20950 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: A major challenge for international agricultural research is to find ways to improve the nutrition and incomes of people left behind by the Green Revolution. To better address the needs of the most marginal and vulnerable people, the CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS) developed the research-in-development (RinD) approach. In 2012, WorldFish started to implement RinD in Solomon Islands. By building people’s capacity to analyze and address development problems, actively engaging relevant stakeholders, and linking research to these processes, RinD aims to develop an alternative approach to addressing hunger and poverty. This report describes the key principles and implementation process, and assesses the emergent outcomes of this participatory, systems-oriented and transformative research approach in Solomon Islands.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Sociology ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Livelihoods ; Development ; Research ; Pacific ; Solomon Islands
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    Assessment of institutional contexts for collective action, and stakeholder receptiveness to integrated research-extension approaches on Lac Ntomba, Lac Maï-Ndombe and the Maringa-Lopori-Wamba watersheds (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20960 | 115 | 2016-08-03 09:22:15 | 20960 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: The WorldFish Center has been collaborating with its partners (AWF and WWF) in the Maringa-Lopori-Wamba (MLW) and the Lac Tele-Lac Ntomba (LTL) Landscapes to develop participatory monitoring systems for aquatic ecosystems. This requires rigorous data collection regarding fishing effort and catch, and the establishment of community partnerships; enabling WorldFish Center researchers to understand and counteract the institutional legacies of previous NGO interventions. In the MLW, fisherfolk livelihoods are severely limited due to their extreme isolation from markets and government services. However, fisherfolk have some experience dealing with natural resource conservation or extraction entities as well as humanitarian agencies. Their history has left them slightly skeptical but reasonably willing to collaborate with incoming NGOs. Around Lac Ntomba, fisherfolk have had more extensive interactions with conservation and humanitarian NGOs, but despite their proximity to the Congo River, they appear to have very limited access to distant markets. As past benefits from NGO activities have been captured by local village elites many fishers are highly skeptical and even antagonistic toward NGOs in general, and see little benefits from collaborating with each other or NGOs. Similarly to the MLW and Lac Ntomba, Lac Maï-Ndombe fisherfolk were disillusioned by past NGO activities. However, in this area levels of fish catch are greater than in the other watersheds, and many fishers make regular trips to major markets in Kinshasa, Kikwit and Tchikapa. Consequently, while there are significant divisions to be addressed in Lac Maï-Ndombe, fisherfolk in general are more interested in exploring options for improving livelihoods. In order to overcome these hurdles, the WorldFish Center has introduced an integrated research-extension approach in its interactions with these communities. The teams conducted demonstrations of technological innovations that could significantly improve on present post-harvest fish processing practices, in particular: a solar fish drying tent and a fish smoking barrel.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Small scale fisheries ; Small scale fishers ; Livelihoods ; River fisheries ; Inland fisheries ; Africa ; Democratic Republic of Congo
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    WorldFish Center report on the opportunities and constraints to improved fisheries exploitation and management in the Maringa – Lopori – Wamba landscape (2021)
    WorldFish | Egypt
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20958 | 115 | 2016-08-03 09:07:46 | 20958 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: The WorldFish Center was contracted by Africa Wildlife Foundation to conduct a preliminary survey of the role of fisheries in livelihoods, and opportunities and constraints to improved fisheries exploitation and management, in the Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape. In May 2007, a three person WorldFish Center team, supported by AWF staff, visited the landscape to explore how the fishery operates to meet local needs and identify scope for interventions that might improve fisheries livelihood opportunities without undermining its sustainability. It is clear that although fishing is important for both income and subsistence in the areas visited, profits are nonetheless modest and somewhat unpredictable. Moreover, fisherfolk should not be considered a homogeneous group: there are different sub-groups, using different gears and skills, involving women and men in both fishing and post-harvest activities, groups who are more or less dependent on farming, and who fish, on balance, more either for cash or subsistence needs. Thus the findings here need to be set within this context of different sub-groups, fishing for generally very modest remuneration, with the latter subject to considerable variability and uncertainty.
    Description: African Wildlife Foundation
    Description: The Central African Regional Program for the Environment
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Small scale fisheries ; small scale fishers ; Livelihoods ; Fish ; Fish consumption ; Fishery resources ; fishing gear ; Africa ; Democratic Republic of the Congo
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    Identification and effectiveness of self-help groups in Cambodia (2021)
    WorldFish | Penang, Malaysia
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/18465 | 115 | 2015-10-28 07:36:57 | 18465 | WorldFish Center
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS) seeks to reduce poverty and improve food security for the millions of small-scale fishers and farmers who depend on the world’s floodplains, deltas and coasts. AAS combines more conventional approaches for introducing and scaling technical innovations, such as applied research and training, with approaches that foster innovation and promote institutional and policy change. Specifically, AAS utilizes participatory action research with communities to identify technology and policy solutions that best meet community long-term needs. One of the themes identified under AAS is the role of self-help groups in increasing livelihood resilience of agriculture and fisheries communities. As AAS establishes a hub of operations in Cambodia, AAS and Oxfam America are cooperating to investigate the potential of community-based self-help groups as a strategy for AAS implementation. As part of this cooperation, Oxfam America undertook this consultancy to analyze and describe the role, efficiency and effectiveness of the various types of self-help groups in Cambodia. This report gives an overview of this program which aims to conduct a field-based study to identify the types, main characteristics and effectiveness of self-help groups, with a particular focus on livelihood resilience of agriculture and fisheries communities.
    Description: CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Sociology ; Aquatic Agricultural Systems ; Participatory action research ; Livelihoods ; Asia ; Cambodia
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    Production of two highly abundant 2-methyl-branched fatty acids by blooms of the globally significant marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium erythraeum (2021)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Gosselin, K. M., Nelson, R. K., Spivak, A. C., Sylva, S. P., Van Mooy, B. A. S., Aeppli, C., Sharpless, C. M., O’Neil, G. W., Arrington, E. C., Reddy, C. M., & Valentine, D. L. Production of two highly abundant 2-methyl-branched fatty acids by blooms of the globally significant marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium erythraeum. ACS Omega, 6(35), (2021): 22803–22810, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c03196.
    Description: The bloom-forming cyanobacteria Trichodesmium contribute up to 30% to the total fixed nitrogen in the global oceans and thereby drive substantial productivity. On an expedition in the Gulf of Mexico, we observed and sampled surface slicks, some of which included dense blooms of Trichodesmium erythraeum. These bloom samples contained abundant and atypical free fatty acids, identified here as 2-methyldecanoic acid and 2-methyldodecanoic acid. The high abundance and unusual branching pattern of these compounds suggest that they may play a specific role in this globally important organism.
    Description: This work was funded with grants from the National Science Foundation grants OCE-1333148, OCE-1333162, and OCE-1756254 and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (IR&D). GCxGC analysis made possible by WHOI’s Investment in Science Fund.
    Keywords: Lipids ; Alkyls ; Bacteria ; Genetics ; Chromatography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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    CO2 and fire influence tropical ecosystem stability in response to climate change (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 6 (2016): 29587, doi:10.1038/srep29587.
    Description: Interactions between climate, fire and CO2 are believed to play a crucial role in controlling the distributions of tropical woodlands and savannas, but our understanding of these processes is limited by the paucity of data from undisturbed tropical ecosystems. Here we use a 28,000-year integrated record of vegetation, climate and fire from West Africa to examine the role of these interactions on tropical ecosystem stability. We find that increased aridity between 28–15 kyr B.P. led to the widespread expansion of tropical grasslands, but that frequent fires and low CO2 played a crucial role in stabilizing these ecosystems, even as humidity changed. This resulted in an unstable ecosystem state, which transitioned abruptly from grassland to woodlands as gradual changes in CO2 and fire shifted the balance in favor of woody plants. Since then, high atmospheric CO2 has stabilized tropical forests by promoting woody plant growth, despite increased aridity. Our results indicate that the interactions between climate, CO2 and fire can make tropical ecosystems more resilient to change, but that these systems are dynamically unstable and potentially susceptible to abrupt shifts between woodland and grassland dominated states in the future.
    Description: This work was supported by NSF grants EAR0601998, EAR0602355, AGS0402010, ATM0401908, ATM0214525, ATM0096232 and AGS1243125 and a Chevron Centennial Fellowship at the University of Texas at Austin awarded to T.M.S.
    Keywords: Climate-change ecology ; Palaeoclimate
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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