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  • Artikel  (316)
  • Antartica
  • Climate change
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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-06-13
    Beschreibung: Climate change affects human activities, including tourism across various sectors and time frames. The winter tourism industry, dependent on low temperatures, faces significant impacts. This paper reviews the implications of climate change on winter tourism, emphasising challenges for activities like skiing and snowboarding, which rely on consistent snowfall and low temperatures. As the climate changes, these once taken-for-granted conditions are no longer as commonplace. Through a comprehensive review supported by up-to-date satellite imagery, this paper presents evidence suggesting that the reliability of winter snow is decreasing, with findings revealing a progressive reduction in snow levels associated with temperature and precipitation changes in some regions. The analysis underscores the need for concerted efforts by stakeholders who must recognize the reality of diminishing snow availability and work towards understanding the specific changes in snow patterns. This should involve multi-risk and multi-instrument assessments, including ongoing satellite data monitoring to track snow cover changes. The practical implications for sports activities and the tourism industry reliant on snow involve addressing challenges by diversifying offerings. This includes developing alternative winter tourism activities less dependent on snow, such as winter hiking, nature walks, or cultural experiences.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 120554
    Beschreibung: OSA2: Evoluzione climatica: effetti e loro mitigazione
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Climate change ; Adaptation ; Tourism losses ; Winter sport ; Multi-date satellite imagery ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-20
    Beschreibung: Meta menardi (Latreille, 1804) and M. bourneti Simon, 1922 (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) are ubiquitous inhabitants of the twilight zone of most hypogean sites across Europe. The two species are broadly distributed in Italy, including Sicily, where they show a remarkable segregation along the altitudinal gradient of Mount Etna. Thanks to our recent sampling activities in this area, we create a georeferenced dataset allowing the application of Species Distribution Modelling aiming at evaluating the current and the future habitat in light of the impacts caused by climate change on the local populations. We predicted a relatively wide suitable area for M bourneti, ranging from the sea level up to 1100 m a.sl., whereas for M. menardi the suitable area encompasses a narrow mid altitude strip, extending halfway between the areas suitable for M. bourneti, and the highly unsuitable volcanic uplands, heavily disturbed by the volcanic activity. The averaged future predictions for 2070 under RCP 8.5 scenario, show that M. bourneti will expand its range upwards, in areas that are now suitable for M. menardi. In turn, predictions for M. menardi indicate an extreme reduction of the current strip of suitable habitat, likely determining its local extinction. Our findings are further corroborated by the analysis of the bioclimatic niche of the two species assessed via multidimensional Hutchinsonian hypervolume, being much smaller in M. menardi compared to of M. bourneti. In light of our results, it seems likely that having wider climatic preference, M. bourneti will substitute M. menardi in most of its current range in Sicily. Future interventions aiming at the conservation of M. menardi on Mount Etna are strongly advised.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: e02699
    Beschreibung: OSA2: Evoluzione climatica: effetti e loro mitigazione
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Cave-dwelling spiders ; Mount Etna ; Lava caves ; Climate change ; Niche segregation ; Species distribution modelling
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-20
    Beschreibung: To ensure the long-term sustainable use of African Great Lakes (AGL), and to better understand the functioning of these ecosystems, authorities, managers and scientists need regularly collected scientific data and information of key environmental indicators over multi-years to make informed decisions. Monitoring is regularly conducted at some sites across AGL; while at others sites, it is rare or conducted irregularly in response to sporadic funding or short-term projects/studies. Managers and scientists working on the AGL thus often lack critical long-term data to evaluate and gauge ongoing changes. Hence, we propose a multi-lake approach to harmonize data collection modalities for better understanding of regional and global environmental impacts on AGL. Climate variability has had strong impacts on all AGL in the recent past. Although these lakes have specific characteristics, their limnological cycles show many similarities. Because different anthropogenic pressures take place at the different AGL, harmonized multilake monitoring will provide comparable data to address the main drivers of concern (climate versus regional anthropogenic impact). To realize harmonized long-term multi-lake monitoring, the approach will need: (1) support of a wide community of researchers and managers; (2) political goodwill towards a common goal for such monitoring; and (3) sufficient capacity (e.g., institutional, financial, human and logistic resources) for its implementation. This paper presents an assessment of the state of monitoring the AGL and possible approaches to realize a long-term, multi-lake harmonized monitoring strategy. Key parameters are proposed. The support of national and regional authorities is necessary as each AGL crosses international boundaries.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 101988
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Fisheries ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Biodiversity ; Climate change ; Erosion
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-18
    Beschreibung: Climate change and land cover change often interactively affect plant species distributions. This study addresses the vulnerability of lowland and upland orchids to climate change and land cover change. Endemic orchids of New Guinea were grouped into four classes (lowland epiphyte, lowland terrestrial, upland epiphyte, upland terrestrial) based on their life form and elevation range. Forty occurrence records of endemic orchids were selected for each class, totaling 160 occurrence records. Ensemble modelling combining two machine learning algorithms was used to generate predictive current and future suitable areas for orchid classes. Model performance was evaluated using the AUC and TSS metrics. Suitable areas for both lowland and upland orchids (epiphyte and terrestrial) were predicted decrease in the future due to climate change and land cover change. The loss of suitable areas for upland terrestrial orchids was predicted to be most significant in the worst-case climate change scenario (SSP 5–8.5). Both lowland and upland orchids (epiphyte and terrestrial) tend to shift to higher elevation ranges from the present distributions. The predictive models have AUC values 〉0.90 and TSS value 〉0.80, indicating the models have excellent potential for predicting the impact of climate change and land cover change on orchid distributions.
    Schlagwort(e): Ensemble model ; Climate change ; Species distribution model ; Orchids ; Lowland ; Upland ; New Guinea
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-11
    Beschreibung: La salud de los corales es un tema de gran importancia en el Caribe y en Cuba, ya que estos ecosistemas marinos son vitales para la biodiversidad y la economía de la región. Los arrecifes de coral albergan una gran variedad de especies. Sin embargo, constituyen un ecosistema bajo amenaza debido a la combinación de diferentes factores, como el cambio climático, la contaminación, la sobrepesca y la acidificación del océano. El Caribe es considerado un “punto caliente” para las enfermedades, debido a la rápida aparición y virulencia de nuevos síndromes en la región en las últimas décadas. Cuba no se encuentra exenta de este panorama. Aun así, los estudios realizados han demostrado que los porcentajes de afectación por enfermedades son bajos y el número de enfermedades reportado para sus arrecifes también es bajo, en comparación a lo reportado para otros sitios del Caribe. Es por lo que este trabajo tiene como objetivo recopilar información actualizada sobre el estado de salud de los corales en el Caribe y en Cuba. La sistematicidad y la constancia en el monitoreo de los arrecifes constituye una urgencia en aras de conocer el estado de salud en que se encuentran, manejarlos de manera sostenible y así evitar daños irreparables que conlleven a su pérdida definitiva. Planes de conservación que combinen un manejo efectivo con iniciativas de ciencia ciudadana han demostrado ser sostenibles y beneficiosos, tanto para los arrecifes como para la sociedad.
    Beschreibung: The health of corals is a topic of great importance in the Caribbean and in Cuba since these marine ecosystems are vital for biodiversity and the economy of the region. Coral reefs house a wide variety of species. However, they constitute an ecosystem under threat due to the combination of different factors, such as climate change, pollution, overfishing and ocean acidification. The Caribbean is considered a "hotspot" for diseases, due to the rapid appearance and virulence of new syndromes in the region in recent decades. Cuba is not exempt from this panorama, even so, studies have shown that the percentages of disease affectation are low, and the number of diseases reported for its reefs is also low compared to what is reported for other Caribbean sites. This is why this work aims to collect updated information on the health status of the corals in the Caribbean and in Cuba. The systematicity and constancy in the monitoring of the reefs constitutes an urgency to know the state of health in which they are, manage them sustainably and thus avoid irreparable damage that leads to their definitive loss. Conservation plans that combine effective management with citizen science initiatives, have proven to be sustainable and beneficial for both reefs and society.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Refereed
    Schlagwort(e): Arrecife de coral ; Blanqueamiento ; Cambio climático ; Enfermedades ; Bleaching ; Climate change ; Diseases ; Coral reef
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
    Format: 18-46pp.
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Unbekannt
    IOC-UNESCO | Paris, France
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-06
    Beschreibung: The global ocean acidification research community responded to the Decade call by co-designing a pioneering UN Decade programme entitled “Ocean Acidification Research for Sustainability” (OARS). The programme is led by three partners: Plymouth Marine Laboratory (UK), University of Washington (USA), and IOC-UNESCO. OARS provides the blueprint to foster cooperation of ocean acidification research, improve understanding of the impacts of the phenomenon and, ultimately, develop approaches for mitigating its effects by acting on sources and identify adaptation approaches. The OARS white papers in this publication summarize where the global community currently is on this path and what should be done in the future to include the ocean acidification dimension for combatting the degradation of ocean health under various anthropogenic stressors including the changing climate.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Refereed
    Schlagwort(e): OARS ; Ocean acidification ; Climate change
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Report
    Format: 70pp.
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-13
    Beschreibung: In this work, we analyze 12 meteorological events that occurred in the Mediterranean Sea during the period November 2011-November 2021 from a seismic point of view. In particular, we consider 8 Medicanes and 4 more common storms. Each of these events, in spite of the marked differences between them, caused heavy rainfall, strong wind gusts and violent storm surge with significant wave heights usually 〉3 m. We deal with the relationships between these meteorological events and the features of microseism (the most continuous and widespread seismic signal on Earth) in terms of spectral content, space-time variation of the amplitude and source locations tracked employing two different methods (amplitude decay-based grid search and array techniques). By comparing the positions of the microseism sources with the areas of significant storm surges, we observe that the microseism locations align with the actual locations of the storm surges for 10 out of 12 events analyzed (two Medicanes present very low intensity in terms of meteorological parameters and the microseism amplitude does not show significant variations during these two events). We also perform two analyses that allowed us to obtain both the seismic signature of these events, by using a method that exploits the coherence of continuous seismic noise, and their strength from a seismic point of view, called Microseism Reduced Amplitude. In addition, by integrating the results obtained from these two methods, we are able to "seismically" distinguish Medicanes and common storms. Consequently, we demonstrate the possibility of creating a novel monitoring system for Mediterranean meteorological events by incorporating microseism information alongside with other commonly employed techniques for studying meteorological phenomena. The integration of microseism with the data provided by routinely used techniques in sea state monitoring (e.g., wave buoy and HF radar) has the potential to offer valuable insights into the examination of historical extreme weather events within the context of climate change.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 169989
    Beschreibung: OSA4: Ambiente marino, fascia costiera ed Oceanografia operativa
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Climate change ; Common storms ; Hindcast maps ; Medicanes ; Mediterranean Sea ; Microseism ; Monitoring sea state ; Wave buoys
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    Unbekannt
    European Invertebrate Survey - the Netherlands, Leiden
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Global warming and the change of butterfly distributions: a new opportunity for species diversity or a severe threat (Lepidoptera)? \nIn order to assess the influence of climatic changes on the distribution of insects, the ranges of nonmigratory European butterfly species have been studied. This study revealed that the northern limits of 32 (64%) of 52 species have expanded northwards during the 20th century. The southern limits of ten (25%) of 40 species have retracted northwards. The example of the Peacock butterfly (Inachis io) is given to illustrate the response to climatic changes of a species of which the range is not restricted by habitat choice. The northern limit of its range shows a considerable shift to the north during warm periods, and a southward retraction during cooler periods. Several other species showed the same pattern. These results are followed by a discussion of the impact of climate change on species diversity.
    Schlagwort(e): Lepidoptera ; Europe ; Changes in ranges ; Climate change ; Inachis io
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The rate of climate warming in the Arctic nearly doubles warming in the temperate regions. In the arctic tundra, this warming has already altered vegetation, with strong declines in lichens and mosses and expansion of shrubs. This process called \xe2\x80\x9cthe greening of the Arctic\xe2\x80\x9d has important consequences for the global nutrient cycling and emission of green-house gases to the atmosphere. Even though, plant community dynamics has been monitored in tundra, the effect of climate warming on belowground fungi remained largely unknown, despite the known key roles that fungi play providing the plants with water and nutrients in nutrient-poor arctic soils. This thesis addresses the effect of climate warming on arctic soil fungal communities by DNA-metabarcoding. Climate warming had a strong effect on fungal community composition leading to a strong decline in diversity of lichenized, moss-associated, and ectomycorrhizal fungi. Instead, many species of saprotrophic and parasitic fungi took over. These changes are expected to alter nutrient turnover in tundra soils (including decomposition and CO2 flux) and affect populations of plants and animals (for example, caribous that are feeding on lichenized fungi in winter).
    Schlagwort(e): DNA-metabarcoding ; Fungal diversity ; OTC ; Snow fence ; Arctic tundra ; Climate change
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Schlagwort(e): Distribution ; Range ; Climate change ; Expansion
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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