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  • 1
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    River Lynher SAP Final Plan (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11109 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:11:25 | 11109 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Lynher Salmon Action Plan Final document produced by the Environment Agency in 1999. This final Salmon Action Plan (SAP) for the River Lynher catchment has been produced after consideration of feedback from external consultation. It provides a list of the agreed issues and actions for the next five years to maintain and improve the River Lynher salmon stock. The actions presented within this final Salmon Action Plan clarify the important issues and factors currently limiting the salmon stock on the river. The resolution of these issues should ensure that a sustainable salmon population will be maintained for future generations. The River Lynher salmon stock has suffered two periods of spawning target failure within the past ten years. This assessment can only be estimated and in this case is likely to be dependent on river flow and the availability of salmon to the rods as only rod catch is used in the compliance assessment.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Lynher ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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    Format: 12
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  • 2
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    River Tavy SAP Final Plan (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11114 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:10:41 | 11114 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Tavy Salmon Action Plan Final document produced by the Environment Agency in 2000. This final Salmon Action Plan (SAP) for the River Tavy catchment has been produced after consideration of feedback from external consultation. It provides a list of the agreed issues and actions for the next five years to maintain and improve the River Tavy salmon stock. The actions presented within this Salmon Action Plan clarify the important issues and factors currently limiting the salmon stock on the river. The resolution of these issues should ensure that a sustainable salmon population will be maintained for future generations. An attempt has been made to cost these actions, identify possible sources of funding and to provide a timescale for action. This Action Plan aims to promote long term collaboration and co-operation between the Agency and other interested parties to effectively and efficiently manage the stock of salmon on the River Tavy.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Tavy ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    River Plym SAP Final Plan (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11111 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:11:08 | 11111 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Plym Salmon Action Plan Final document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. This final Salmon Action Plan (SAP) for the River Plym catchment has been produced after consideration of feedback from external consultation. It provides a list of the agreed issues and actions for the next five years to maintain and improve the River Lynher salmon stock. These issues and actions follow on from the detailed analysis of the catchment, which is presented in the River Plym SAP Consultation document.The actions presented within this final Salmon Action Plan clarify the important issues and factors currently limiting the salmon stock on the river. The resolution of these issues should ensure that a sustainable salmon population will be maintained for future generations. The main objective of the River Plym SAP therefore, is to maintain, improve and develop the River Plym salmon stocks to a sustainable level that, on the basis of historic catch records, the catchment can clearly support. The River Plym has failed to pass its conservation limit since 1996, and the consultees felt very strongly that there were three major factors limiting the salmon stock of the River Plym.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Plym ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning target
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    The Cheshire Meres: a water quality enigma (2021)
    Institute of Freshwater Ecology | Ambleside, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10997 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:47:47 | 10997 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: This is the report on the Cheshire Meres: a Water Quality Enigma by the Institute of Freshwater Ecology from June 1993. The aim of the proposal is to use a well-tested condition-check on key Cheshire Meres, looking at the present nutrient-state and the seasonal structure and relative species-abundances of the phytoplankton. This information will enable the NRA to make some overall appraisal of the advance or otherwise, in trophic condition and its impact upon the perception, use and management of these nationally important sites. The report contains section on the objectives, strategy, timescale, staff and financial of the proposal, plus an appendix with information about the Windermere Profiler and the CV of the Project Leader.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Description: +2 appendices
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cheshire Meres ; Survey ; Sampling methodology ; Nutrient state ; Seasonal Structure ; Phytoplankton
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 5
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    River Camel SAP Consultation (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11104 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:13:29 | 11104 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Camel Salmon Action Plan produced by the Environment Agency in 2002. The report focuses on the River Camel Salmon Action Plan (SAP). The River Camel SAP follows the format of those completed for the Rivers Tamar, Lynher and Tavy. It is the 4th of 7 action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers managed by the Cornwall Area Fisheries, Recreation and Biodiversity Team. This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. In addition, for the first time, Salmon Action Plans have attempted to evaluate in economic terms, all of the contributory components of the salmon fishery. The River Camel Salmon Action Plan contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and associated fishery.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Camel ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 52
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  • 6
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    River Fowey SAP Consultation (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11106 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:11:53 | 11106 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Fowey Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Fowey Salmon Action Plan (SAP). The River Fowey SAP follows the format of those completed for the Rivers Tamar, Lynher, Tavy and Camel. It is the 5th of 7 action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers managed by the Cornwall Area Fisheries, Recreation and Biodiversity Team. This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. The River Fowey SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. Notably, there are historic workings for copper and china clay and two significant potable supply reservoirs (Siblyback and Colliford) which have been constructed within the catchment during the past 35 years. The whole of the Fowey catchment is set at the highest water quality grading of RE1 and this standard is met in all reaches of the River Fowey and its tributaries.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Fowey ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 64
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  • 7
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    River Tamar SAP Consultation (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11112 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:10:59 | 11112 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Tamar Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 1998. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Tamar Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. The River Tamar was one of the premier salmon rivers in the West Country, supporting fifteen licensed estuary nets, and the second highest rod catch behind the River Exe. The River Tamar SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Tamar ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fish catch statistics ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/msword
    Format: application/msword
    Format: 51
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  • 8
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    River Camel SAP Final Plan (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11105 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:12:01 | 11105 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Camel Salmon Action Plan Final document produced by the Environment Agency in 2002. This final Salmon Action Plan (SAP) for the River Camel catchment has been produced after consideration of feedback from external consultation. It provides a list of the agreed issues and actions for the next five years to maintain and improve the River Camel salmon stock. The actions presented within this Salmon Action Plan clarify the important issues and factors currently limiting the salmon stock on the river. The resolution of these issues should ensure that a sustainable salmon population will be maintained for future generations. An attempt has been made to cost these actions, identify possible sources of funding and to provide a timescale for action. This Action Plan aims to promote long term collaboration and co-operation between the Agency and other interested parties to effectively and efficiently manage the stock of salmon on the River Camel.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Camel ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 11
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  • 9
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    Gunnislake Fish Counter. Annual Report 1999 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10904 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:40:38 | 10904 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This is the Gunnislake Fish Counter, Annual Report 1999 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2000. The report presents the daily upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded at Gunnislake Weir fish counting station (SX 435 713) situated on the River Tamar in 1999. The counter data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the implementation of the National Spring Salmon Byelaws. The fish counter at Gunnislake is a resistivity based system (Logie 2100A – Aquantic limited) and is installed in the fish pass on the Cornish bank of the River Tamar at the head of the tide. The minimum salmon count for 1999 was 2691. The run pattern observed for salmon and sea trout in 1999 was generally consistent with that of previous years. However, the total combined annual count of salmon and sea trout migrating upstream on the River Tamar in 1999 was 25% higher than the 5 year average (1994 - 1998).
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Tamar ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 31
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  • 10
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    Restormel Annual Report 2001 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10908 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:38:29 | 10908 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2001 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2002. The report presents the daily upstream counts of migratory salmonids on the River Fowey at Restormel Weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) in 2001. The counter data covers the period of the commercial salmonid net buy back scheme and the national spring salmon byelaws. These reduce the commercial netting season for salmon and sea trout to between 16 June and 31 August. The fish counter at Restormel is installed on a crump sectioned weir on the River Fowey. The fish counter is a resistivity based system and operates over all three channels of the weir. 2001 was a good year for large sea trout. The number of returning large sea trout was above average in April, May, June and July and equal to or higher than the previous recorded maximum in those months. The main run of small sea trout occurred at a similar time to previous years with the highest numbers of fish entering the Fowey during June and July.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 41
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  • 11
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 2007 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10928 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:32:54 | 10928 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2007 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2008. The report presents the upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Fowey at Restormel Weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) over the period March 2007 to February 2008 inclusive. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Byelaws (2 March- 15 June). The minimum upstream salmon estimate for 2007, over the period July 2007 to February 2008, was 796, which is the fifth highest recorded count over the past 13 years. The number of returning salmon in 2007 suggests a downward trend in numbers since 2004. The 2007 large sea trout count is similar to 2006. Overall, the number of fish returning is still low in comparison with the 10-year average. There was a noticeable decrease in the number of small sea trout returning compared to 2006 and the 10-year average. The Fish counter at Restormel suffered several faults.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 37
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  • 12
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 2006 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10927 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:33:18 | 10927 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2006 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2007. The report presents the upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Fowey at Restormel weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) over the period March 2006 to February 2007 inclusive. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Byelaws (2 March- 15 June inclusive). The minimum upstream salmon estimate for 2005 (1046), over the period July 2005 to February 2006, was 20% lower than that recorded over the same period in 2004 (1301). However, this is the second highest count recorded over the past 11 years. The total sea trout count (10448) was 8% higher than 2004 (9608). The number of salmon and large sea trout was lower than average in 2005. However, the overall numbers of adult salmon and sea trout returning have been increasing year on year since 1997. This overall increase in the salmon and sea trout counts, together with the consistency of the numbers of fish returning over recent years suggests that measures designed to protect salmonid stocks in the River Fowey are working.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 13
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 2003 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10925 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:33:41 | 10925 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2003 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2004. The report presents the daily upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Fowey at Restormel weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) in 2003. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Bylaws. The run pattern observed for salmon and sea trout in 2003 was generally consistent with that of previous years. The upstream salmon / large sea trout count for 2003 was 1777, 2% lower than that recorded in 2002. The overall increase in the salmon and sea trout counts, together with the consistency of the numbers over recent years suggests that measures designed to protect salmonid stocks were working.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 14
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 2008 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10929 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:32:35 | 10929 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2008 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on April 2009. The report presents the upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Fowey at Restormel Weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) over the period March 2008 to February 2009 inclusive. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Byelaws. The minimum upstream salmon estimate for 2008, over the period July 2008 to February 2009, was 938 and is the third highest recorded count over the past 14 years. The 2008 large sea trout count (482) shows a marked improvement in the number of returning fish when compared to 2007 (241). There was a significant decrease in the number of small sea trout returning in 2008 when compared to 2007 and the 10-year average.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 15
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 2002 (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10923 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:33:59 | 10923 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2002 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2003. The report presents the daily upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Fowey at Restormel Weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) in 2002. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Bylaws. The fish counter at Restormel is a resistivity based system (Logie 2100A - Aquantic limited) and is installed on the weir at Restormel approximately 2 km upstream of the tidal limit. The run pattern observed for salmon and sea trout in 2002 was generally consistent with that of previous years. The upstream salmon / large sea trout count for 2002 was 1804.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 16
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    The Cheshire Meres an analysis of data and a prioritisation of sites (2021)
    Institute of Freshwater Ecology | Ambleside, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10996 | 1256 | 2013-10-27 12:00:31 | 10996 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: This is a report on the Analysis of Data and a Prioritisation of Sites at the Cheshire Meres by the Institute of Freshwater Ecology.The report addresses data collected by the Agency for 24 basin sites in Cheshire. At least two samples were collected from each site, though not simultaneously. Sites were visited in May/June and in November. The determinands are standard and they included: water, temperature, conductivity, pH, DO, fractional white light penetration, TSS, chlorophyll, TP, ortho-phosphate, nitrate-, nitrite-, ammonium and silicate. Though concentrations were often higher than for other lakes in the region, rather exceeding criteria for classification as eutrophic lakes, the results confirmed that the series of lakes is, naturally, highly eutrophic and nothing in the present data differs so far from expectation that is persuasive that the ecosystems are reacting adversely to environmental stress. The data set is review and summarised, site-by-site, in an appendix. The grounds for prioritisation are discussed. Whether or not this preferred prioritised option is adopted, the Agency is recommended to review the way it carries out monitoring. The determinands and the sampling frequency need to be geared to the information that is required.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cheshire Meres ; Ecological monitoring ; Eutrophic lake ; Prioritisation ; Strategies ; Water quality ; Environmental stress
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 17
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    Effects of water quality in Bassenthwaite Lake on anglers' catches of salmon and sea-trout in the River Derwent (2021)
    Institute of Freshwater Ecology | Ambleside, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10970 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:54:01 | 10970 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This is the report on the Effects of Water Quality in the Bassenthwaite Lake on Anglers Catches of Salmon and Sea-trout in the River Derwent April 1993 by the Institute of Freshwater Ecology. An analysis of the catch statistics for salmon and sea-trout in the Rivers Derwent and Cocker was undertaken in relation to available information on the algal water quality in Bassenthwaite Lake to test the hypothesis that poor catch returns were associated with a deterioration of water quality within the lake. Analysis of the catch statistics failed to reveal any correlation between water quality and catch returns for either species of fish and it is concluded that any water deterioration in Bassenthwaite Lake has not caused any major damage to the salmon and sea trout fisheries of the Derwent/Cocker system. This conclusion is supported by the analysis of the Windermere/Leven and Crake system, where no correlation could be found between lake water quality and downstream catches of migratory salmonid fish. However, the possibility still exists and such an effect might be detected by further field work on the macroinvertebrates and on the composition of potential salmonid spawning in the area.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Bassenthwaite Lake ; River Derwent ; River Cocker ; Water quality ; Fish catch statistics ; Pollution effects ; Environmental monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 18
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    River Fowey SAP Final Plan (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11107 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:11:45 | 11107 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Fowey Salmon Action Plan Final document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. This final Salmon Action Plan (SAP) for the River Fowey catchment has been produced after consideration of feedback from external consultation. It provides a list of the agreed issues and actions for the next five years to maintain and improve the River Fowey salmon stock. The actions presented within this final Salmon Action Plan clarify the important issues and factors currently limiting the salmon stock on the river. The resolution of these issues should ensure that a sustainable salmon population will be maintained for future generations. The main objective of the Fowey SAP therefore, is to maintain, improve and develop the Fowey salmon stocks to a sustainable level that, on the basis of historic catch records, the catchment can clearly support. Although the Fowey is passing its conservation limit, the consultees felt very strongly that there were two major factors limiting the salmon stock of the River Fowey- the overgrazing of Bodmin Moor and the use of the catchment for water supply by South West Water.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Fowey ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Conservation limit ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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    River Lynher SAP Consultation (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11108 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:13:04 | 11108 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Lynher Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 1998. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Lynher Salmon Action Plan (SAP). The River Lynher SAP follows that for the River Tamar and is the second of seven action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers managed by the Cornwall area fisheries department. This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. The River Lynher SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. The analysis of recent and historical catches of salmon on the River Lynher from both the rod and net fisheries indicated the fishery's reliance upon post 1 June salmon. Historically, annual salmon catches (both rod and net) on the River Lynher have been found to consist of a much higher proportion of pre 1 June (spring) salmon. Evidence is provided that illustrates the extent of the decline within this stock component since the early 1980s.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Lynher ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fish catch statistics ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 1999 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10905 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:39:13 | 10905 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 1999 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2000. The report presents the daily upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded at Restormel Weir counting station (SX 107 613) River Fowey in 1999. The counter data covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme, which was in operation between March and June 1999. The fish counter is a resistivity based system (Logie 2100 A - Aquantic limited) and operates over all three channels of the weir at Restormel. The minimum salmon count estimate was 497, and the 1999 upstream count for sea trout was 6590. The run pattern observed for salmon and sea trout in 1999 was generally consistent with that of previous years. Flows on average were half those of 1998 during September, October, and November.
    Description: : Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Gunnislake Annual Report 2001 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10907 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:39:40 | 10907 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This is the Gunnislake Fish Counter, Annual Report 2001 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2002. The report presents the daily upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Tamar at Gunnislake Weir fish counting station (SX 435 713) situated in 2001. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Byelaws. The fish counter at Gunnislake is a resistivity based system (Logie 2100A – Aquantic limited) and is installed in the fish pass on the Cornish bank of the River Tamar at the head of the tide. The minimum salmon count for 2001 was 3138. The 2001 upstream count for sea trout was 7503. The run pattern observed for salmon and sea trout in 2001 was generally consistent with that of previous years.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Tamar ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Aspects of the washout of salmonid eggs. 2. Effects of drifting on development and survival of eggs of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5096 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:24:47 | 5096 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: At high stream discharges salmonid eggs can he displaced from the gravel and may drift downstream. It has been suggested that developing salmonid eggs may be killed by ”physical shock”, especially during the period before ”eyeing”. Similarly, a progress report by the International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission (1966) states that salmonid eggs are most sensitive during the period between fertilisation and blastopore closure. However, it would seem unlikely that this sensitivity actually begins at the time of fertilisation because, in nature, a period, perhaps measured in hours, must occur during which the newly-fertilised eggs are exposed to physical shock during the deposition of gravel over them as a result of the cutting activity of the female fish. The present report describes simple channel experiments designed to answer the two questions: 1. After release of eggs from the gravel, does the process of drifting downstream, which implies some physical shock through movement and impact, decrease the survival of salmonid eggs? 2. Is the survival rate-influenced by the stage of development of the eggs?
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Freshwater ecology ; Rivers ; Freshwater fish ; Life cycle ; Channels ; Experimental research ; Fish eggs ; England ; Grassholme
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Advisory report on nutrient levels and related ecology of Malham Tarn (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5092 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:25:26 | 5092 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Aspects of reported nutrient levels and their ecological implications for Malham Tarn are discussed. Discussion centres upon the data given here as appendices, involving possible evidence of a long-term increase in the concentrations of some nutrients (especially nitrate) of significance for the Tarn's ecology and conservation. Further comparative tests of some methods of chemical analysis employed in obtaining those data are reported.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater ecology ; Freshwater lakes ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Nitrates ; Phosphorus ; Alkalinity ; Methodology ; Ultraviolet radiation ; Hydrology ; England ; Malham Tarn
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 42
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    Aspects of the washout of salmonid eggs. 3. Observations on the settlement of artifical eggs in a section of natural stream channel at several different discharges (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5097 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:24:43 | 5097 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: It is of value to know the approximate distance of travel at different stream discharges and/or water velocities, of salmonid eggs which have been displaced from redds by spates. This report describes studies in 20 m of stream channel upstream of the fish trap in Dubby Sike. Observations were made on the relation- ships between discharge and water depth and velocity and also on the relationships between water velocity and the settlement of artificial trout eggs. The main aim was to test the hypothesis that, at any given water velocity, eggs would drift smaller distances in a natural stream than in the experimental channels.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Freshwater ecology ; Rivers ; Freshwater fish ; Channels ; Experimental research ; Fish eggs ; England ; Grassholme
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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    Invertebrate animals of the Lake District (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5109 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:23:53 | 5109 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater molluscs ; Aquatic insects ; Invertebrate larvae ; Aquatic organisms ; Annual reports ; Corixidae ; Coleoptera ; England ; Lake District
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    Strategic ecosystem studies of large slow flowing lowland rivers. Progress report: April - October 1989 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5237 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:13:37 | 5237 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This report covers the period April to September, 1989. During this period sampling of invertebrates has concentrated on planktonic animals and those associated with one of the dominant macrophytes in the system, Nuphar lutea, the yellow water lily, since these are particularly important in the diets of larval and juvenile cyprinid fish. A proportion of samples has been partly analysed and some preliminary data are presented here.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Environment ; Limnology ; Aquatic plants ; Plankton ; Biological sampling ; Invertebrate larvae ; Pesticides ; England ; Godmanchester
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
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    Final report on the updating service on environmental chemicals in freshwater for the period 9.1.89 to 9.7.89 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5238 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:13:42 | 5238 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This report presents five batches of data which have been despatched to the Joint Research Centre, Ispra. The data as been allocated to various ECDIN (Environmental Chemicals Data and Information Network) files. The data comprises environmental chemicals in the freshwater environment, taking in paricular consideration: aquatic toxicity, bioaccumulation, metabolism and elimination biodegradation.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Data ; Data processing ; Data collections ; Chemical compounds ; Toxicity ; Bioaccumulation ; Biodegradation ; Metabolism
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    Format: application/pdf
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    Natural habitat and population control mechanism of Crassula helmsii (Australian Swamp Stonecrop) in Australia (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5236 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:13:22 | 5236 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The plant Crassula helmsii (Kirk) Cochayne, was likely to become widely distributed and to dominate many damp and wet areas of nature reserves, recreational waters and agricultural drainage of Britain. The aim of this report was to study Australian Swamp Stonecrop in its natural habitat where it is in balance with its environment. This contrasts with its rapid and widespread distribution in the U.K. where its growth interferes with the use of fisheries and amenity lakes but also reduces the value of nature reserves and sites of special scientific interest by suppressing native flora. It was proposed to observe its growth at a variety of sites over its natural distribution and to include some environmental factors, e.g. water-level, water-chemistry (nutrients, acidity and alkalinity), frost-tolerance, salinity, with the help of portable sensors, locally-available services or data. 8 weeks of travel in Australia allowed time to study the plant in its natural habitat including the coastal areas of the southern half of the continent i.e . Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and southern Queensland. The overall objective was to determine the environmental range by visits to selected sites of Crassula helmsii over its geographic range.
    Keywords: Conservation ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Plant control ; Plant populations ; Aquatic plants ; Introduced species ; Australia ; Crassula helmsii
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    Corroborative studies on the effects of sample variation on three macroinvertebrate biological assessment methods at different water quality states (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5259 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:27 | 5259 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In recent collaborative biological sampling exercises organised by the Nottingham Regional Laboratory of the Severn-Trent Water Authority, the effect of handnet sampling variation on the quality and usefulness of the data obtained has been questioned, especially when this data is transcribed into one or more of the commonly used biological methods of water quality assessment. This study investigates if this effect is constant at sites with similar typography but differing water quality states when the sampling method is standardized and carried out by a single operator. An argument is made for the use of a lowest common denominator approach to give a more consistent result and obviate the effect of sampling variation on these biological assessment methods.
    Description: Bilateral study of methods 2 - Pollution Report No.8
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Sampling ; Samplers ; Methodology ; Standardization ; Rivers ; Invertebrate larvae ; England ; Trent River
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    Investigations on phytoplankton with special reference to water usage (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5281 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:31 | 5281 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Experiments and observations on the phytoplankton of certain lakes in the English Lake District were made from early 1973 to the end of March, 1974. They included laboratory and lake bioassays and observations on the quantity and quality of the phytoplankton in six lakes. The introductory sections of the report are about algae, the ecology of phytoplankton and the scope of the contracted work. Laboratory bioassays on water from one lake, Blelham Tarn, showed that phosphorus, silicon (for diatoms) and organic substances forming complexes with iron were the major substances limiting the growth of the algae tested. The growth of the test algae was limited to different degrees by those substances and, to some extent, to a greater or lesser degree at different times of year. It is suggested that a relatively simple form of bioassay could give valuable information to water undertakings. Lake bioassays and other experiments were carried out by using large in situ tubular plastic enclosures. Two such investigations are described. The effects of a change in sewerage in two drainage basins on the phytoplankton of three lakes is described and some data given about changes since 1945 in three other lakes in the same overall drainage basin. These latter lakes have been affected too by changes in sewerage and by increasing inputs of domestic and agricultural wastes. Throughout, the relevance of the work done to practical problems of water usage is kept in mind and discussed. In the last section special reference is made to the largely unpredictable results of water transfers. The report ends with a note on river phytoplankton.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Management ; Phytoplankton ; Water use ; Water supply ; Freshwater lakes ; Bioassays ; Tests ; Controlled conditions ; Thermal stratification ; Tubing ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Diatoms ; England ; English Lake District
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    A bibliography of samplers for benthic invertebrates (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5275 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:37 | 5275 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This annotated bibliography covers literature to the end of November 1977, and includes references to samplers that could be used for the rapid removal of benthic invertebrates from natural substrata of rivers and streams. Marine samplers which have been, or could be, used in freshwater. Coverage of Russian literature is incomplete, although a selection of recent and important references are included. The references are arranged under the following headings, Reviews; Nets and quadrat samplers; Scoops, shovels and dredges; Grabs; Corers; Suction and air-lift samplers; Electroshocking samplers; Efficiencies and comparisons; and Samplers from catalogues. There is an index to samplers (by the common name) and an author index.
    Description: Supplement to this Bibliography held as http://aquaticcommons.org/5410/
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Samplers ; Invertebrates ; Bibliographies
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Provisional atlas of the freshwater leeches of the British Isles (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5282 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:34 | 5282 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Distribution maps were included in the second edition of the F.B.A. Scientific Publication on British freshwater leeches (Mann 1964). When that publication was extensively revised and enlarged to include a review of the literature on the ecology of leeches (Elliott & Mann 1979), it was decided that new maps should be published separately. The original maps were based on 1097 records whereas 4198 records were used for the new maps. The total British Isles list comprises sixteen species, thirteen genera and four families of leeches.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Distribution records ; Ecological distribution ; Maps ; Freshwater organisms ; Hirudinea
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    Ecological indicators of water quality in small rivers (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5270 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:29 | 5270 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: At the present time hydrobiological indicators are widely used for the control of surface water quality. Results of the applying of methods suggested at the 1st Soviet-American seminar (1975), development of improved methods and estimation of their usefulness for various conditions are presented in this report. Among the criteria permitting an estimation of the degree and character of changes in water quality and their connection with the functioning of river ecosystems in general, the biological tests of natural waters appears to be the most universal one and is being carried out in two main directions — ecological and physiological. This study summarises approaches in both directions.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; River water ; Rivers ; Water quality ; Water quality control ; Indicators
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    Published work on freshwater science from the FBA, IFE and CEH, 1929-2006 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5284 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:41 | 5284 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: A new listing of published scientific contributions from the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) and its later Research Council associates – the Institute of Freshwater Ecology (1989–2000) and the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (2000+) is provided. The period 1929–2006 is covered. The compilation extends an earlier list assembled by in 1979.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Bibliographies ; Freshwater sciences ; Hydrobiology ; Hydrology ; Limnology
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    The predicting power of models for eutrophication (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5287 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:00 | 5287 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Restoration of water-bodies from eutrophication has proved to be extremely difficult. Mathematical models have been used extensively to provide guidance for management decisions. The aim of this paper is to elucidate important problems of using models for predicting environmental changes. First, the necessity for a proper uncertainty assessment of the model, upon calibration, has not been widely recognized. Predictions must not be a single time trajectory; they should be a band, expressing system uncertainty and natural variability. Availability of this information may alter the decision to be taken. Second, even with well-calibrated models, there is no guarantee they will give correct projections in situations where the model is used to predict the effects of measures designed to bring the system into an entirely different ”operating point”, as is typically the case in eutrophication abatement. The concept of educated speculation is introduced to partially overcome this difficulty. Lake Veluwe is used as a case to illustrate the point. Third, as questions become more detailed, such as ”what about expected algal composition”, there is a greater probability of running into fundamental problems that are associated with predicting the behaviour of complex non-linear systems. Some of these systems show extreme initial condition sensitivity and even, perhaps, chaotic behaviour, and are therefore fundamentally unpredictable.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Phytoplankton ; Freshwater lakes ; Models ; Growth ; Modelling ; Equations ; Bacteria ; Prediction ; Netherlands ; Veluwemeer Lake
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    Eutrophication and the management of planktonic algae: What Vollenweider couldn't tell us (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5285 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:44 | 5285 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The ”Vollenweider model” is a sophisticated mathematical statement about the long-range behaviour of (mainly temperate) lakes and their ability to support phytoplankton chlorophyll. Misapplication of the model, against which Vollenweider himself warned, has led to many misconceptions about the dynamics of plankton in lakes and reservoirs and about how best to manage systems subject to eutrophication. This contribution intends to frame the most important issues in context of the phosphorus- loading and phosphorus-limitation concepts. Emphasis is placed on the need to distinguish rate-limitation from capacity-limitation, to understand which is more manageable and why, to discern the mechanisms of internal recycling and their importance, and to appreciate the respective roles of physical and biotic components in local control of algal dynamics. Some general approaches to the management of water quality in lakes and reservoirs to eutrophication are outlined.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Phytoplankton ; Models ; Phosphorus ; Ecosystem management ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Plant growth ; Growth regulators ; Freshwater lakes
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    The control of indirect effects of biomanipulation (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5289 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:12 | 5289 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Results from long-term investigations on biomanipulation show that indirect effects are at least as important as direct effects are for the stability of biomanipulation. Three types of indirect effects can be distinguished: (1) a change in quantity or quality of the resource base, (2) behavioural change of the prey, and (3) development of anti-predator traits. Although indirect effects of type (2), (e.g. a change in the pattern of vertical migration of zooplankton), and type (3), (e.g. development of helmets and neck teeth in Daphnia), are important mechanisms, the most essential indirect effects regarding biomanipulation belong to type (1). An example of the latter will be demonstrated: the complex of indirect effects of enhanced grazing by large herbivores on the phosphorus metabolism of the lake. It is concluded that control of the indirect effects is absolutely necessary to stabilize biomanipulation measures, but this is much more difficult than the control of direct effects and needs deeper insights into the structuring mechanisms of food webs. Proper management of fish stocks, in combination with the control of phosphorus load and/or the physical conditions, seems to be the most promising way of controlling the indirect effects of biomanipulation.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Biomanipulation ; Water quality control ; Food webs ; Phosphorus
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    The significance of sedimentation and sediments to phytoplankton growth in drinking-water reservoirs (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5290 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:14 | 5290 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In the mesotrophic-eutrophic Saidenbach Reservoir in Saxony, the nanoplankton and cyanobacteria have increased at the expense of diatom dominance, due to a doubling of the external phosphorus load in the last 15 years. However, the phosphorus sedimentation flux is still very high (up to 80% of the input), corresponding to more than 2 g m2 d-1 in terms of dry weight. There is a strong correlation between the abundance of diatoms in the euphotic zone and their sedimentation flux (with a delay of about 2 weeks). Only about 25% of the deposited material could be clearly attributed to plankton biomass; the remainder resulted from flocculation and precipitation processes or directly from the inflow of clay minerals. The ash content of the deposited material was high (73%). Thus the sedimentation flux can be considered to operate as an internal water-treatment/oligotrophication process within the lake. The neighbouring Neunzehnhain Reservoir still has a very clear water with a transparency up to 18 m depth. Though the sediment was not much lower than Saidenbach sediment in total phosphorus and total numbers of bacteria, sulphide was always absent and the ratio of Fe 2+ to Fe 3+ was very low in the upper (0- 5 cm) layer. Thus the external and internal phosphorus loads do not attain the critical level necessary to induce a ”phosphorus - phytoplankton” feedback loop.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Water quality control ; Phosphorus ; Water reservoirs ; Phytoplankton ; Growth ; Sedimentation ; Sediment composition ; Germany
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    Physical measures to inhibit planktonic cyanobacteriae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5295 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:49 | 5295 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In a small lake, intermittent destratification was installed after several other physico-chemical and physical in-lake therapy measures (phosphorus immobilization, permanent destratification) had been tested without great success. If an aerobic sediment-water interface can be maintained, intermittent destratification removes cyanobacteria and prevents optimal development of other members of the photoautotrophic plankton. During growing seasons, increasing abundances of small-bodied herbivores (Bosmina) and Daphnia may have accounted for relatively low phytoplankton biomass as well. Intermittent destratification is a very fast-working in-lake measure and seems to be applicable even in relatively shallow lakes (〈 15 m), in which permanent destratification seems to be risky.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Destratification ; Ecosystem management ; Water quality control ; Phosphorus ; Eutrophic lakes ; Inhibitors ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Biomass ; Germany ; Fischkaltersee
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    Summary and concluding remarks (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5298 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:47 | 5298 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This chapter summarises the meeting, entitled ”Eutrophication: Research and Application to Water Supply”. The general feeling was that academic research on the process of eutrophication had progressed significantly over the past decade, but there had been little contact with the water managers, i.e. those whose work was at the sharp end of dealing with the associated problems. This chapter summarises the sessions held by experts in the field.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Inland waters ; Water management ; Phytoplankton ; Conferences
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    Development of trophic state and phytoplankton in an oligo-mesotrophic reservoir (Kleine Kinzig) in Black Forest, Germany (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5292 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:07 | 5292 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Since 1989, intensive studies have been made on a relatively new (1983-84) oligotrophic reservoir and its pre-reservoir in the Black Forest. This paper briefly reports on the hydrochemistry, especially annual variations in phosphorus loadings, and the seasonal development of phytoplankton in 1989 and 1990.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Water reservoirs ; Limnological surveys ; Phosphorus ; Biomass ; Phytoplankton ; Oligotrophic lakes ; Germany ; Kleine Kinzig Reservoir
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    Calcite covering of sediment as a possible way of curbing blue-green algae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5291 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:52 | 5291 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Natural calcite precipitation in lakes is a well-known control mechanism of eutrophication. In hard-water lakes, calcite deposits on the flat bottoms of shallow lakes and near the shores of deeper lakes resulted from biogenic decalcification during the millenia after the last glacial period. The objective of a new restoration technology is to intensify the natural process of precipitation by utilizing the different qualities of calcareous mud layers. In a pilot experiment in Lake Rudower See, East Germany, phosphorus-poor deeper layers of the sediments were flushed out and spread over the phosphorus-rich uppermost sediments, to promote the co- precipitation of calcite with phosphorus from the water-column.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Phosphorus ; Calcitization ; Algal blooms ; Calcite ; Sedimentation ; Germany
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    A control of gas-vacuolate cyanobacteria (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5301 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:11 | 5301 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The cyanobacteria that cause problems in water supply are principally the colonial forms that are buoyed up by gas vesicles. The success of these organisms is due, in part, to their gas vesicles, which enable them to perform vertical migrations or to maintain themselves in the euphotic zone. The gas vesicles are also the root cause of the problems. In calm periods they cause the cyanobacteria to float to the water surface forming noxious scums, and they may prevent the colonies from sedimenting in water treatment plants. Gas vesicles are hollow, gas-filled structures; they are rigid but can be collapsed by the application of pressure. Their critical collapse pressure is influenced by their dimensions, which vary in different organisms. Gas vesicles are formed by the assembly of two types of protein, which determine their mechanical and physical properties. Methods for collapsing gas vesicles in natural populations of cyanobacteria will be considered. They may have application to the control of cyanobacteria in water supply.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Gases ; Buoyancy ; Algae ; Bacteria ; Photosynthesis ; Growth ; Competition
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    Changes of water quality and sediment phosphorus of a small productive lake following decreased phosphorus loading (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5293 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:09 | 5293 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Esthwaite Water is the most productive or eutrophic lake in the English Lake District. Since 1945 its water quality has been determined from weekly or biweekly measurements of temperature, oxygen, plant nutrients and phytoplankton abundance. The lake receives phosphorus from its largely lowland-pasture catchment, sewage effluent from the villages of Hawkshead and Near Sawrey, and from a cage-culture fish farm. From 1986 phosphorus has been removed from the sewage effluent of Hawkshead which was considered to contribute between 47% and 67% of the total phosphorus loading to the lake. At the commencement of phosphorus removal regular measurements of phosphorus in the superficial 0-4 cm layer of lake sediment were made from cores collected at random sites. Since 1986 the mean annual concentration of alkali-extractable sediment phosphorus has decreased by 23%. This change is not significant at the 5% level but nearly so. There has been no marked change in water quality over this period. Summer dominance of blue-green algae which arose in the early 1980s after decline of the previous summer forms, Ceratium spp., has been maintained. Improvement in water quality is unlikely to be achieved at the present phosphorus loading.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Limnological surveys ; Phosphorus ; Phytoplankton ; Primary production ; Sediment analysis ; Water quality ; England ; Esthwaite Water
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    The scope for biomanipulation in improving water quality (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5288 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:15 | 5288 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Biomanipulation is a form of biological engineering in which organisms are selectively removed or encouraged to alleviate the symptoms of eutrophication. Most examples involve fish and grazer zooplankton though mussels have also been used. The technique involves continuous management in many deeper lakes and is not a substitute for nutrient control. In some lakes, alterations to the lake environment have given longer-term positive effects. And in some shallow lakes, biomanipulation may be essential, alongside nutrient control, in re- establishing former aquatic-plant-dominated ecosystems which have been lost through severe eutrophication. The emergence of biomanipulation techniques emphasises that lake systems are not simply chemical reactors which respond simply to engineered chemical changes, but very complex and still very imperfectly understood ecosystems which require a yet profounder understanding before they can be restored with certainty.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Freshwater lakes ; Biomanipulation ; Water quality control
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    Structural dynamic eutrophication models (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5299 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:19 | 5299 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This article discusses problems of modelling the seasonal succession of algal species in lakes and reservoirs, and the adaptive selection of certain groups of algae in response to changes in the inputs and relative concentrations of nutrients and other environmental variables. A new generation of quantitative models is being developed which attempts to translate some important biological properties of species (survival, variation, inheritance, reproductive rates and population growth) into predictions about the survival of the fittest, where ”fitness” is measured or estimated in thermodynamic terms. The concept of ”exergy” and its calculation is explored to examine maximal exergy as a measure of fitness in ecosystems, and its use for calculating changes in species composition by means of structural dynamic models. These models accomodate short-term changes in parameters that affect the adaptive responses (species selection) of algae.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Phytoplankton ; Freshwater lakes ; Models ; Growth ; Modelling ; Energy ; Inland water environment ; Thermodynamics
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    A tool for better management of water quality during periods of algal blooms: the case of the River Oise (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5300 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:17 | 5300 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Like other rivers in the Paris area, the Oise is subject to important seasonal algal blooms. This eutrophication generates notable problems for the production of drinking-water from a treatment plant on the river at Méry. A mathematical model has been developed to simulate variation in water quality in a pre-treatment storage basin, and another model is currently being adapted to model the River Oise. Integration of the two models should provide a comprehensive tool for predicting variations of phytoplankton and water-quality parameters associated with algal blooms. This will be a decision-aid for optimizing control of the treatment process for providing potable water.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Water treatment ; Water supply ; Modelling ; Models ; Phytoplankton ; Water management ; France ; Oise River
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    The ecological impact of different mechanisms of chronic sub-lethal toxicity on feeding and respiratory physiology (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5307 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:39 | 5307 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Sub-lethal toxicity tests, such as the scope-for-growth test, reveal simple relationships between measures of contaminant concentration and effect on respiratory and feeding physiology. Simple models are presented to investigate the potential impact of different mechanisms of chronic sub-lethal toxicity on these physiological processes. Since environmental quality is variable, even in unimpacted environments, toxicants may have differentially greater impacts in poor compared to higher quality environments. The models illustrate the implications of different degrees and mechanisms of toxicity in response to variability in the quality of the feeding environment, and variability in standard metabolic rate. The models suggest that the relationships between measured degrees of toxic stress, and the maintenance ration required to maintain zero scope-for-growth, may be highly nonlinear. In addition it may be possible to define critical levels of sub-lethal toxic effect above which no environment is of sufficient quality to permit prolonged survival.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Toxicity ; Sublethal effects ; Toxicity tests ; Models ; Metabolism ; Narcosis ; Animal physiology ; Risk management ; Respiration
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    The connection between single species and ecosystems (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5306 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:38 | 5306 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Ecosystem level models are motivated by some combination of scientific and practical concerns. Those models motivated by practical concerns are likely to bear little historical relation to previous models. Mechanisms of interaction between particular species and their ecosystems vary enormously. Some species literally construct their own ecosystems. Others have more or less complex and important interactions with other species so that their presence or absence may alter the ecosystem. Prior information about the natural history of particular species can make ecosystem investigations quicker, cheaper, and more effective. The optimal resource for preparing to deal with the unlimited diversity of questions asked of ecologists would be a large' computerized databank of natural history observations for as many species as possible.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Oceanography ; Ecosystems ; Aquatic environment ; Species ; Interspecific relationships ; Biology ; Models
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    Effects of stress on the immune system of fish (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5309 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:43 | 5309 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The effects of stress on the immune system of various fish species including dab Limanda limanda, flounder Platichthys flesus, sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax and gobies Zosterisessor ophiocephalus, were investigated from laboratory and field experiments, using various assays to measure immunocompetence, correlated with histological and ultrastructural observations. Modulation of the immune system was demonstrated at tissue, cellular and biochemical levels following exposure to various stressors. The spleen somatic index was depressed in dab stressed in the laboratory and gobies collected from polluted sites in the Venice Lagoon. Differential blood cell counts consistently showed an increase in phagocytes and decrease in thrombocytes in fish exposed to various stressors. Phagocytic activity from spleen and kidney adherent cells was stimulated in dab stressed by transportation but depressed in fish exposed to chemical pollutants. Respiratory burst activity in phagocytic cells was also stimulated in stressed dab but depressed in sea bass exposed to cadmium. The results are discussed in relation to current concepts on stress in fish and the regulation of the immune system.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Bioassays ; Nervous system ; Immunity ; Biological stress ; Marine fish ; Pollution effects ; Kidneys ; Phagocytosis ; Italy ; Porto Marghera
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    Viruses and drinking water (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5320 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:44 | 5320 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: There is no evidence to indicate that there is a risk of acquiring a virus infection through the consumption of properly treated drinking water, provided the integrity of the distribution system is maintained and there is no post-treatment contamination. The consumption of inadequately treated, untreated or post-treatment contaminated water is, however, associated with a risk of hepatitis A, hepatitis E and viral gastroenteritis. The use of the standard bacterial indicators for water monitoring provides an adequate safeguard against viral contamination.
    Keywords: Health ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Viral diseases ; Viruses ; Water treatment ; Pollution indicators
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    Cultural methods of detection for microorganisms: recent advances and successes (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5317 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:35 | 5317 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Most microbiological methods require culture to allow organisms to recover or to selectively increase, and target organisms are identified by growth on specific agar media. Many cultural methods take several days to complete and even then the results require confirmation. Alternative techniques include the use of chromogenic and fluorogenic substances to identify bacteria as they are growing, selective capture using antibodies after short periods of growth, molecular techniques, and direct staining with or without flow cytometry for enumeration and identification. Future microbiologists may not use culture but depend on the use of specific probes and sophisticated detection systems.
    Keywords: Engineering ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Water quality ; Microorganisms ; Methodology ; Detection ; Bacteria ; Cultured organisms ; Enzymes ; Immunofluorescence ; Flow cytometry ; Microbiological culture
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    The microbiological quality of water: the nature of the problem (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5315 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:22 | 5315 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Improvements in methods for the detection and enumeration of microbes in water, particularly the application of techniques of molecular biology, have highlighted shortcomings in the ”standard methods” for assessing water quality. Higher expectations from the consumer and increased publicity associated with pollution incidents can lead to an uncoupling of the cycle which links methodological development with standard-setting and legislation. The new methodology has also highlighted problems within the water cycle, related to the introduction, growth and metabolism of microbes. A greater understanding of the true diversity of the microbial community and the ability to transmit genetic information within aquatic systems ensures that the subject of this symposium and volume provides an ideal forum to discuss the problems encountered by both researcher and practitioner.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Water quality ; Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; Hydrologic cycle ; Methodology ; Bacteria ; Bacterial counters ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Primary production ; Fungi ; Cryptosporidium
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    Detection of specific bacteria in water: implications of survival strategy (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5318 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:37 | 5318 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: It is widely recognised that conventional culture techniques may underestimate true viable bacterial numbers by several orders of magnitude. The basis of this discrepancy is that a culture in or on media of high nutrient concentration is highly selective (either through ”nutrient shock” or failure to provide vital co-factors) and decreases apparent diversity; thus it is unrepresentative of the natural community. In addition, the non-culturable but viable state (NCBV) is a strategy adopted by some bacteria as a response to environmental stress. The basis for the non-culturable state is that cells placed in conditions present in the environment cannot be recultured but can be shown to maintain their viability. Consequently, these cells would not be detected by standard water quality techniques that are based on culture. In the case of pathogens, it may explain outbreaks of disease in populations that have not come into contact with the pathogen. However, the NCBV state is difficult to attribute, due to the failure to distinguish between NCBV and non-viable cells. This article will describe experiences with the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and the application of molecular techniques for its detection and physiological analysis.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Bacteria ; Bacterial diseases ; Detection ; Methodology ; Molecular biology ; Microbiological culture
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    The impact of molecular biology on assessment of water quality: advantages and limitations of current techniques (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5316 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:33 | 5316 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The advent of molecular biology has had a dramatic impact on all aspects of biology, not least applied microbial ecology. Microbiological testing of water has traditionally depended largely on culture techniques. Growing understanding that only a small proportion of microbial species are culturable, and that many microorganisms may attain a viable but non-culturable state, has promoted the development of novel approaches to monitoring pathogens in the environment. This has been paralleled by an increased awareness of the surprising genetic diversity of natural microbial populations. By targeting gene sequences that are specific for particular microorganisms, for example genes that encode diagnostic enzymes, or species-specific domains of conserved genes such as 16S ribosomal RNA coding sequences (rrn genes), the problems of culture can be avoided. Technical developments, notably in the area of in vitro amplification of DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), now permit routine detection and identification of specific microorganisms, even when present in very low numbers. Although the techniques of molecular biology have provided some very powerful tools for environmental microbiology, it should not be forgotten that these have their own drawbacks and biases in sampling. For example, molecular techniques are dependent on efficient lysis and recovery of nucleic acids from both vegetative forms and spores of microbial species that may differ radically when growing in the laboratory compared with the natural environment. Furthermore, PCR amplification can introduce its own bias depending on the nature of the oligonucleotide primers utilised. However, despite these potential caveats, it seems likely that a molecular biological approach, particularly with its potential for automation, will provide the mainstay of diagnostic technology for the foreseeable future.
    Keywords: Engineering ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Water quality ; Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; Methodology ; Molecular biology ; DNA ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Detection ; RNA ; Bacteria ; Bacterial diseases
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    Zooplankton patchiness (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5312 | 3949 | 2020-08-23 05:42:57 | 5312 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This review considers three general aspects of research on zooplankton patchiness: the detection of patchiness, the description of patchiness and the causes of patchiness.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater lakes ; Horizontal distribution ; Annual report
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    Production of positive controls for calcivirus-specific PCR using recombinant baculiovirus technology (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5321 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:11 | 5321 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Recent advances in our knowledge of the genetic structure of human caliciviruses (HuCVs) and small round-structured viruses (SRSVs) have led to the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular tests specific for these viruses. These methods have been developed to detect a number of human pathogenic viruses in environmental samples including water, sewage and shellfish. HuCVs and SRSVs are not culturable, and no animal model is currently available. Therefore there is no convenient method of preparing viruses for study or for reagent production. One problem facing those attempting to use PCR-based methods for the detection of HuCVs and SRSVs is the lack of a suitable positive control substrate. This is particularly important when screening complex samples in which the levels of inhibitors present may significantly interfere with amplificiation. Regions within the RNA polymerase regions of two genetically distinct human caliciviruses have been amplified and used to produce recombinant baculoviruses which express RNA corresponding to the calicivirus polymerase. This RNA is being investigated as a positive control substrate for PCR testing, using current diagnostic primer sets. Recombinant baculovirus technology will enable efficient and cost-effective production of large quantities of positive control RNA with a specific known genotype. We consider the development of these systems as essential for successful screening and monitoring applications.
    Keywords: Health ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Viruses ; Viral diseases ; RNA ; Primers ; Cloning ; Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning ; Public health ; Sewages
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    Biodiversity in drinking water distribution systems:a brief review (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5323 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:12 | 5323 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In drinking water distribution systems, three groups of living organisms are usually found in the biofilm and circulating water: heterotrophic bacteria, free-living protozoa, and macro-invertebrates. Indirect evidence suggests that protozoa grazing in distribution systems can partially eliminate biomass production and accidental microbiological pollution. This paper examines the biodiversit in drinking water distribution systems.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Water supply ; Biodiversity ; Food chains ; Bacteria ; Invertebrate larvae ; Escherichia coli
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    Persistence of viable but non-culturable bacteria during the production and distribution of drinking water (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5322 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:32 | 5322 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The direct measurement of in situ respiring bacteria using 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC) shows that, especially for Gram-negative bacteria, large numbers of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria are present in finished water from a conventional water treatment plant, and the regrowth of bacteria along distribution networks can be seen rapidly by using this very sensitive technique. The level of bacterial inactivation with chlorine is much less important than has been previously supposed (based on experiments with non-injured laboratory strains of bacteria and classical culture techniques). Threshold values of VBNC bacteria leaving water treatment plants or regrowing along distribution systems have to be determined for better control of coliform regrowth and health- risks associated with the consumption of drinking water.
    Keywords: Biology ; Health ; Limnology ; Water supply ; Water treatment ; Bacteria ; Microbiological culture ; Bacterial counters ; Staining ; Growth curves ; France
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    Tastes and odours in potable water:perception versus reality (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5324 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:13 | 5324 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Tastes and odours are amongst the few water quality standards immediately apparent to a consumer and, as a result, account for most consumer complaints about water quality. Although taste and odour problems can arise from a great many sources, from an operational point of view they are either ”predictable” or ”unpredictable”. The former - which include problems related to actinomycete and algal growth - have a tendency to occur in certain types of water under certain combinations of conditions, whereas the latter - typically chemical spills - can occur anywhere. Long-term control is one option for predictable problems, although biomanipulation on a large scale has had utile success. Detection and avoidance is a more practicable option for both predictable and unpredictable problems, particularly if the distribution network can be serviced from other sources. Where these are not feasible, then water treatment, typically using activated carbon, is possible. In general there is a reasonable understanding of what compounds cause taste and odour problems, and how to treat these. An efficient taste and odour control programme therefore relies ultimately on good management of existing resources. However, a number of problems lie outside the remit of water supply companies and will require more fundamental regulation of activities in the catchment.
    Keywords: Limnology ; Sociology ; Water supply ; Taste ; Odour ; Water treatment ; Fresh water ; Monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Immunodetection of planktonic algae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5333 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:04:52 | 5333 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Interest in the identification and characterisation of cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates in aquatic environments is increasing rapidly due to the perceived roles of these organisms in primary production and nuisance aspects in terms of water treatment and public health. Techniques for the identification and quantification of these organisms currently are limited, and the application of molecular approaches provides fundamental taxonomic information and techniques of practical value. Antigenic properties of algal cells may be useful taxonomic markers. Immunodetection techniques utilise the specificity of the antibody/antigen association as a probe for recognising and distinguishing between microorganisms according to their cell- surface chemistry. Immunofluorescent detection of unicellular cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates has been studied with success in marine and freshwater ecosystems and a range of techniques and results are presented and discussed. The most recent advances in the study of planktonic algae have come with the application of continuous flow cytometric methods (CFC). Flow cytometry makes use of the autofluorescence properties of the algal cells, which alone can be used to demonstrate their presence and permit their quantification in natural water samples. When used in conjunction with immunolabelling techniques, the potential of CFC analysis is broadened to study the serological/strain composition of plankters in natural populations. Changes in algal strains represented within and between waters over periods of time are reported and discussed, along with the ecological issues thus raised.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Bacteria ; Methodology ; Algae ; Plankton ; Immunology ; Detection ; Toxicity tests ; Immunofluorescence ; Synechococcus ; Alexandrium tamarens ; Prorocentrum micans
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    The diversity and ecological role of protozoa in fresh waters (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5338 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:04:07 | 5338 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Protozoa feed on and regulate the abundance of most types of aquatic microorganisms, and they are an integral part of all aquatic microbial food webs. Being so small, aerobic protozoa thrive at low oxygen tensions, where they feed (largely unaffected by metazoan grazing) on the abundance of other microorganisms. In anaerobic environments, they are the only phagotrophic organisms, and they live in unique symbiotic consortia with methanogens, sulphate reducers and non-sulphur purple bacteria. The number of extant species of protozoa may be quite modest (the global number of ciliate species is estimated at 3000), and most of them probably have cosmopolitan distributions. This will undoubtedly make it easier to carry out further tasks, e.g. understanding the role of protozoan species diversity in the natural environment.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Oxygen depletion ; Distribution ; Species diversity ; Inland water environment ; Freshwater ecology ; Food webs ; Filter feeders ; Metabolism ; Protists
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    The food of coarse fish (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5344 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:02:55 | 5344 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: Remarkably little has been published on the feeding habits of the non-salmonid fishes of British fresh waters. The following report briefly summarizes the results obtained from the examination of the stomach contents of some 2,700 fish, belonging to 19 species, which were obtained during 1939. The results of all examinations of gut contents were analysed, species by species, upon a simple basis of the presence of different types of food. Foodstuffs were divided up into six main categories— fish, molluscs, insects, crustaceans, higher plants together with filamentous algae, and diatoms—and the occurrence of members of any of these categories was recorded for each fish.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Coarse fish ; Feeding ; Feeding behaviour ; Fishery surveys ; Food organisms ; Gutting ; England
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 315-322
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    Using RIVPACS for studies on conservation and biodiversity (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5343 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:02:34 | 5343 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: Invertebrate conservation relies not only on public support and political will, but also on possessing an adequate understanding of the distribution and ecology of invertebrate species and communities. In the UK, RIVPACS is making an important contribution to assessing the conservation importance of river invertebrate assemblages. So far, work has largely centred on using RIVPACS as an integral part of SERCON (System for Evaluating Rivers for Conservation), in which data collected using the standard RIVPACS method are interpreted with reference to conservation criteria such as species richness and representativeness. Applications of RIVPACS to other areas of conservation - whether providing information on the ecological requirements of rare species, monitoring the success of river restoration projects, or making broader assessments of sustainability - are probably more limited, but merit further examination. It is important to develop closer links between RIVPACS and techniques such as SERCON and RHS (River Habitat Survey) in order to maximise the benefit each can bring tostudies on conservation and biodiversity. It should also be recognised that there are limitations in transferring such systems to other countries where approaches to nature conservation may be very different.
    Keywords: Conservation ; Environment ; Limnology ; Classification systems ; Invertebrate larvae ; Rivers ; Computer programs ; Nature conservation ; Biodiversity ; Sustainability ; England
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    A supplement to a bibliography of samplers for benthic invertebrates (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5410 | 9 | 2011-09-29 14:59:49 | 5410 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: A supplement to the earlier bibliography compiled by Elliott and Tullett 1978 (FBA Occas. Publ. No. 4) covering literature from December 1977 - December 1982 on samplers that could be used for the rapid removal of benthic intertebrates from the natural substrata of rivers and streams. In addition it includes papers on marine samplers that have been or could be used in freshwater.
    Description: Original bibliography held as http://aquaticcommons.org/5275/
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Benthos collecting devices ; Biological sampling ; Limnological equipment ; Samplers ; Invertebrate larvae ; Benthos ; Bibliographies
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
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    Freshwater Biological Association 1929-1979. The first fifty years (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/9627 | 1256 | 2013-10-27 12:24:04 | 9627 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: Booklet telling the story of the FBA from its founding in 1929 until its Golden Jubilee in 1979. The booklet aimed to produce a readable account of those aspects of freshwater biology that have been among the main themes of the Association's research, as well as some aspects of its history and the philosophy guiding its foundation. The publication includes many images of the FBA's work and history as well as images and illustrations on lake ecology and applied science.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater scientists ; Freshwater sciences ; Limnology ; Organisations
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 39
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    River Plym SAP Consultation (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11110 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:11:17 | 11110 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Plym Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Plym Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. The River Plym SAP follows the format of those completed for the rivers Tamar, Lynher, Tavy, Camel and Fowey. It is the sixth of seven action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers managed by Cornwall Area. The River Plym SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. Notably, there are historic workings for china clay and a significant potable water supply at Burrator Reservoir. The main River Plym has been designated as River Ecosystem class 1 for its water quality objectives. This is the highest water quality target set for rivers. This standard has been met in all reaches of the main River Plym and River Meavy.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Plym ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fish catch statistics ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    Format: application/pdf
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    River Tavy SAP Consultation (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11113 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:10:50 | 11113 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Tavy Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 1999. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Tavy Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. In addition, salmon action plans have for the first time, attempted to evaluate in economic terms, all of the contributory components of the salmon fishery. The River Tavy Salmon Action Plan follows that for the River Tamar and River Lynher and is the third of seven action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers managed by the Cornwall Area FER department. The River Tavy SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Tavy ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fish catch statistics ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    River Yealm SAP Final Plan (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11115 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:10:33 | 11115 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Yealm Salmon Action Plan Final document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. This final Salmon Action Plan (SAP) for the River Yealm catchment has been produced after consideration of feedback from external consultation. It provides a list of the agreed issues and actions for the next five years to maintain and improve the River Yealm salmon stock. The actions presented within this Salmon Action Plan clarify the important issues and factors currently limiting the salmon stock on the river. The resolution of these issues should ensure that a sustainable salmon population will be maintained for future generations. An attempt has been made to cost these actions, identify possible sources of funding and to provide a timescale for action. The main objective of the River Yealm SAP is to maintain, improve and develop the River Yealm salmon stocks to a sustainable level that, on the basis of historic catch records, the catchment can clearly support.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Yealm ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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    River Yealm SAP Consultation (2021)
    Environment Agency | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11116 | 1256 | 2013-04-06 16:10:23 | 11116 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This is the River Yealm Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Yealm Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. The River Yealm Salmon Action Plan follows the format of those completed for the rivers Tamar, Lynher, Tavy, Camel, Fowey and Plym. It is the final one of seven action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers managed by Cornwall Area. The River Yealm SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. Notably there are potable water abstractions in the headwaters, workings for china clay on the main tributary, two inert waste landfill sites and an aggregate quarry adjacent to the main river and inputs from several Sewage Treatment Works (STW) and two industrial estates. The main River Yealm has been designated as River Ecosystem Class 1 for its water quality objectives. This is the highest water quality target set for rivers.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cornwall ; River Yealm ; Inland waters ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon Action Plan ; Fish catch statistics ; Fishery data ; Fishery management ; Fishery regulations ; Nature conservation ; Water quality ; Spawning targets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Gunnislake Fish Counter Annual Report 2000 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10906 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:40:07 | 10906 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This is the Gunnislake Fish Counter, Annual Report 2000 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2001. The report presents the daily upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Tamar at Gunnislake Weir fish counting station (SX 435 713) situated in 2000. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Byelaws. The fish counter at Gunnislake is a resistivity based system (Logie 2100A – Aquantic limited) and is installed in the fish pass on the Cornish bank of the River Tamar at the head of the tide. The minimum salmon count for 2000 was 2654. The 2000 upstream count for sea trout was 6417. The run pattern observed for salmon and sea trout in 2000 was generally consistent with that of previous years.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Tamar ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Gunnislake Fish Counter Annual Report 2003 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10924 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:37:09 | 10924 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Gunnislake Fish Counter, Annual Report 2003 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2004. The report presents the daily upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded at Gunnislake weir fish counting station and trap (River Tamar SX 435 713) in 2003. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Bylaws. The total combined annual count of upstream migrating salmon and sea trout on the River Tamar in 2003 was 7% higher than the 9-year average. The minimum salmon count for 2003 was 3626. The 2003 upstream count for sea trout was 9913. Trap data for 2003 is consistent with historic trapping and net data in terms of the size split between salmon and sea trout stocks.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Tamar ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    Gunnislake Fish Counter Annual Report 2002 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10922 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:36:12 | 10922 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Gunnislake Fish Counter Annual Report 2002 from the Environment Agency South West Region, which was held on March 2002. It presents the daily upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Tamar at Gunnislake Weir fish counting station in 2002. The data within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Bylaws. The report contains section on Net Buy-Back; Species Apportionment; Validation of counter efficiency; results as total number of migratory salmonid (salmon and Sea Trout) counted moving upstream in 2002 at Gunnislake; video validation and Counter Efficiency; and Discussion. The section Discussion includes Salmon and Sea Trout counts recorded on the River Tamar 1995-2002, other fish species observed as sea lamprey and Environmental Factors (river flows, water temperature, and barometric pressure).
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Tamar ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 2005 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10926 | 1256 | 2013-03-22 13:33:29 | 10926 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2005 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on March 2006. The report presents the upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Fowey at Restormel weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) over the period March 2005 to February 2006 inclusive. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Byelaws (from 2 March to 15 June Inclusive). The minimum upstream salmon estimate for 2005 was 1046, this is the second highest count recorded over the past 11 years. The total sea trout count (10448) was 8% higher than 2004 (9608). This overall increase in the salmon and sea trout counts, together with the consistency of the numbers of fish returning over recent years suggests that measures designed to protect salmonid stocks in the River Fowey are working.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 2008 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10930 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 14:02:51 | 10930 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2008 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on April 2009. The report presents the upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Fowey at Restormel Weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) over the period March 2008 to February 2009 inclusive. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Byelaws. The minimum upstream salmon estimate for 2008, over the period July 2008 to February 2009, was 938, which is the third highest recorded count over the past 14 years. The 2008 large sea trout count (482) shows a marked improvement in the number of returning fish when compared to 2007 (241). There was a significant decrease in the number of small sea trout returning in 2008 when compared to 2007 and the 10-year average. The fish counter suffered several faults equated to 12.5 days during this period.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 2010 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10931 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 14:02:00 | 10931 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2010 produced by the Environment Agency South West Region on June 2011. The report presents the upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Fowey at Restormel Weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) over the period March 2010 to February 2011 inclusive. Data contained within this report covers the period of the commercial migratory salmonid net buy-back scheme and the National Spring Salmon Byelaws. The minimum upstream salmon estimate for 2010, over the period July 2010 to February 2010, was 1220. The fish counter at Restormel suffered from only one major period of unscheduled downtime during 2010/2011. This was due to a counter fault over the period 21 to 30 August 2010 and equated to 10 days of downtime.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    Restormel Fish Counter Annual Report 2011 (2021)
    Environment Agency South West Region | Cornwall, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10932 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 14:01:47 | 10932 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Restormel Fish Counter, Annual Report 2011 produced by the Environment Agency, Environmental Monitoring Team on May 2012. The report presents the upstream counts of migratory salmonids recorded on the River Fowey at Restormel Weir fish counting station (SX 107 613) over the period March 2011 to February 2012 inclusive. The minimum upstream salmon estimate for 2011, over the period July 2011 to February 2012, was 675. The minimum upstream sea trout estimate for 2011 was 10,022, which is the fifth highest count recorded in the last 17 years. The fish counter at Restormel had six periods of downtime due to counter faults which equated to 19 days of downtime overall. Fish counts were estimated for downtime caused by counter faults but not for weir cleaning due to the small numbers of fish involved.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Fowey ; Migratory species ; Fish counters ; Population dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Year class strengths of perch and pike in Windermere (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5158 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:19:31 | 5158 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: The pike (Esox lucius) year classes are more stable than those of the perch (Perca fluviatilis), and have been shown to be closely correlated with temp conditions during the first few months of life. The perch year class strengths have been more variable; for success they require the presence of several positive conditions and the absence of many adverse conditions which could cause failure, a favourable combination of circumstances rarely occurs. The conclusions refer only to Windermere from 1941-1964.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Age composition ; Esox lucius ; Perca fluviatilis ; England ; Lake District ; Annual report
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    The ecology of phytoplankton in Shropshire and Cheshire meres (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5159 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:19:33 | 5159 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: This review summarizes the findings of 5 years' research (June 1970-June 1975) on the meres of the Shropshire-Cheshire Plain. A mere is a small, shallow lake; supplied principally by ground water, whose chemical composition is infkuenced by the glacial frift through which it is percolating. The seasonal periodicity of the phytoplankton in the meres involved work mainly in the Grose Mere. Here diatoms were typically dominant in Feb & March, green algae in April & May, blue-green algae in early summer and dinoflagellates in late summer. This pattern is broadly similar from year to year, and has been suggested to be representative of a 'regional type'; it is also similar to that described for many of the world's mildly eutrophic temperate lakes. Vertical distribution of phytoplankton is influenced by their buoyancy (or lack of it) of by their ability to swim. A stylized depth-time distribution of 4 major phytoplankton components in Crose Mere is given diagrammatically.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Environment ; Limnology ; Freshwater ecology ; phytoplankton ; England ; Cheshire ; Shropshire ; Annual Report
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    Limnetic crustaceans in Esthwaite water and adjacent lakes (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5175 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:19:19 | 5175 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Limnetic crustaceans (i.e. those which live in the open water of lakes and ponds) were investigated in Esthwaite water and adjacent lakes. These are represented by two groups, Copepoda and Cladocera.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater crustaceans ; Zooplankton ; Lakes ; Cladocera ; England ; Esthwaite Water ; Annual report
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  • 81
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    Bacterial production of nitrate in aquatic systems: progress report. Nitrate-loss processes in raw water (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5126 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:23:16 | 5126 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: This short interim progress report builds on previous progress reports which have described the quantification of the process both within and between lakes of different degrees of eutrophication. These data indicated that slight changes in methodology, particularly when investigating sediment deposits, could grossly affect the measured activity. The aim of the present research was an attempt to rationalize these differences. If this could be achieved it would enable meaningful interpretation of published data obtained using different methods and therefore enlarge the available database. In addition some observations have been made on the production of nitrite by Grasmere profundal sediment slurries sampled during the circulation period.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater lakes ; Nitrification ; Sedimentation ; Ammonia ; Slurries ; England ; Grasmere Lake
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    Monitoring the trophic status of reservoirs (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5206 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:16:23 | 5206 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The current situation of regional, rather' than national, problems of eutrophication in standing waters has been widely aired in recent reports. A reliable, quantitative data base is a prerequisite to future trend monitoring, a concensus view of those reports. The objective of this report is to establish requirements, methodology and a minimal data set for nutrient and algae status in water supply reservoirs in England which may be used as a protocol for future trend monitoring.A pilot study has been carried out to assess the relative merits of different sampling strategies, the choice of which has major implications for the cost of sample collection. This short report suggests that consider the possibility of designating a few sites as ”baseline sites” at which detailed changes in trophic status as monitored by the more labour-intensive parameters would be collected on a regular, long term basis to help in the interpretation of the low cost survey results.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater lakes ; Eutrophication ; Monitoring ; Surveying ; England ; Grasmere Lake
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  • 83
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    Nitrates - loss processes in raw water (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5208 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:16:34 | 5208 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This project investigated the production of nitrate (nitrification) by bacteria in lakes. The work was undertaken as nitrification is a key process in the nitrogen cycle and previous estimates of rates of nitrification were unreliable. When different methods were used to estimate rates of nitrification within sediment deposits different results were obtained. Investigation' of specific aspects of these methodologies has allowed some rationalization of these observations and also enabled comparisons of previously published data which, beforehand, was not possible. However, it was not clear which methods gave the most reliable rate estimates. Calculation of a nitrate budget for Grasmere lake indicated that the use of methods which involved the mixing of surface sediments (and therefore disrupted preformed nutrient gradients) overestimated the rate of nitrification. The study concludes that slight changes in the method used to prepare sediment slurries can result in large changes, in the measured nitrifying activity. This makes comparisons between studies, using different methods, extremely difficult. Methods to study sediment nitrification processes which do not disrupt preformed substrate gradients within the sediment provide the most reliable rate estimates.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Bacteria ; Nitrification ; Freshwater lakes ; Sediment samples ; Slurries ; Seasonal variations ; Methodology ; England ; Grasmere Lake
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  • 84
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    Impact of watercress cultivation on river water quality: progress report for the period, January - December 1987 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5210 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:16:44 | 5210 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The objective of this short project progress report is to investigate the possible water quality implications of modern watercress growing practices. Chalk receiving watercourses are usually of high supply, amenity, game fishing and fish farming value. Any headwater pollution load, therefore, needs characterising and quantifying. Two sites of watercress farming were studied in 1986-87 and nutrient levels examined. Different approaches of watercress farmers in Dorset and Hampshire are summarised.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Rivers ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture enterprises ; Aquaculture techniques ; Nutrients (mineral) ; England
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    Nitrates in surface waters, inputs and seasonality: Phase 2 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5212 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:35 | 5212 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Changes in management practices and agricultural productivity over the past twenty years have lead to nitrate pollution and eutrophication of lakes and rivers. Information on nitrate concentrations and discharge has been collected on the River Frome at East Stoke since 1965, using the same analytical nitrate method so that the results are comparable. These records of weekly spot values of nitrate concentration and daily mean discharges have been analysed for trends and seasonal patterns in both concentration and nitrate loadings. In this extension of our nitrate contract, a new automated method of intensive sampling has been used to monitor short-term variability and to assess how well similar routine (weekly) sampling schemes can represent the true nitrate record.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; River discharge ; Rivers ; Automated recording ; Nitrates ; Modelling ; England ; Frome River
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  • 86
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    Freshwater survey of the ditches around Hinkley Point Power Station, 20 June 1985 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5213 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:36 | 5213 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Sampling was concentrated on the North Moor region and the series of ditches which drained this area to the Bristol Channel. Although most ditches were not deep the mud substratum precluded sampling from within the habitat. All samples were taken with a pond net from the banks. Efforts were made to sample each part of the habitat although in some ditches the macrophyte growth was so intense as to make sampling difficult particularly of the sediments. Organisms were identified on the 10 sampling sites.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Trenching ; Biological sampling ; Identification ; Biological surveys ; England ; Somerset
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  • 87
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    Nitrates in surface waters, inputs and seasonality: Progress report for the period April - December 1987 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5209 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:16:40 | 5209 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The objective of this short project progress report is to investigate, in a catchment on which earlier nitrate data are available for comparison, seasonality and budgets, in relation to land use, of nitrate inputs, concentrations and loads. Sampling was undertaken from 1984-87 in the River Frome catchment and data on nitrate concentrations analysed.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Rivers ; Catchment area ; Nitrates ; Nitrification ; Nitrites ; Environmental monitoring ; England ; Frome Lake
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  • 88
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    Automatic identification and enumeration of algae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5207 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:16:29 | 5207 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: A good understanding of the population dynamics of algal communities is vital in many ecological and pollution studies of freshwater and oceanic systems. Present methods require manual counting and identification of algae and can take up to 90 min to obtain a statistically reliable count on a complex population. Several alternative techniques to accelerate the process have been tried on marine samples but none have been completely successful because insufficient effort has been put into verifying the technique before field trials. The objective of the present study has been to assess the potential of in vivo fluorescence of algal pigments as a means of automatically identifying algae. For this work total fluorescence spectroscopy was chosen as the observation technique.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Algae ; Identification ; Methodology ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescence spectroscopy ; England
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    Aspects of the washout of salmonid eggs. 5. Attempts to assess the importance of washout as a cause of mortailty (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5215 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:31 | 5215 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The paper reviews the methodology of attempts to assess the importance of washout as a cause of loss of salmonid eggs and alevins. The results of this study are presented of various small-scale field trials using buried artificial salmonid eggs and tethered table tennis balls. The results suggested that, even when few eggs were actually lost by washout, some downstream movement of the upper layers of gravel and of artificial eggs might have taken place.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Fish eggs ; Spawning ; Gravel ; Freshwater fish ; Biological drift ; Redds ; Induced breeding ; England ; Great Eggleshope Beck
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  • 90
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    Aspects of the washout of salmonid eggs. 6. Information on gravel composition , redd sites, the dimensions of redds and the depth of egg burial (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5214 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:29 | 5214 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Sampling was concentrated on the North Moor region and the series of ditches which drained this area to the Bristol Channel. Although most ditches were not deep the mud substratum precluded sampling from within the habitat. All samples were taken with a pond net from the banks. Efforts were made to sample each part of the habitat although in some ditches the macrophyte growth was so intense as to make sampling difficult particularly of the sediments. Organisms were identified on the 10 sampling sites.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Redds ; Spawning grounds ; Rivers ; Fish eggs ; Spawning ; Gravel ; Freshwater fish ; England
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    The effects of environmental stress on the physiology of growth in rainbow trout, Salmo gairderi Richardson (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5211 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:56 | 5211 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: There is little doubt that both mammalian and teleost growth hormones can accelerate growth and increase food conversion efficiency in all commonly-reared species of salmonid fish. In those vertebrates that have been closely studied (predominantly mammals), the pituitary hormone somatotropin (GH or growth hormone) is a prime determinant of somatic growth. The hormone stimulates protein biosynthesis and tissue growth, enhances lipid utilization and lipid release from the adipose tissues (a protein-sparing effect) and suppresses the peripheral utilization of glucose. The present study is a prerequisite for future work on growth hormone physiology in salmonids and should contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of growth suppression in stressed fish. Plasma growth hormone (GH) levels were measured in rainbow trout using a radioimmunoassay developed against chinook salmon growth hormone.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Salmon fisheries ; Freshwater fish ; Hormones ; Blood ; Growth ; England ; Oncorhynchus mykiss
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    Effects of flow regime on the young stages of salmonid fishes. Summary and conclusions based on results for 1981-1985 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5217 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:13 | 5217 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The main British salmonid species spawn in clean gravel in streams and rivers, many of them in the upland areas of Britain. The earliest stages of the life cycle (eggs and alevins) spend some months within the gravel of the river bed. During this period their survival rate can be strongly influenced by flow regime and by related phenomena such as movement of coarse river bed material, changes in water level and the deposition of silt. In recent years human influence upon the flow regimes of upland water courses and upon the sediment inputs to them has increased. In order to conserve and, if possible, enhance the populations of salmonid fishes a deeper understanding of the interrelationships between survival of young salmonids and flow-related phenomena is needed. The acquisition of appropriate information is the main aim of the present project, which included: Studies on silt movement and the infilling of gravel voids by fine sediments, together with initial studies on the relationship between intragravel oxygen supply rate and the survival of intragravel stages of salmonids; studies in the general field of egg washout. The latter investigated the physical background to gravel bed disruption, the examination of the physical characteristics of sites chosen for redds, dimensions of redds and burial depth of eggs relative to the size of the fish constructing the redd and a series of smaller studies on other aspects of egg washout.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Fish eggs ; Freshwater fish ; Experimental data ; Silting ; Gravel ; Survival ; England ; Grassholme Reservoir
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    Aspects of the washout of salmonid eggs. 4. Effects of a standard mechanical shock, applied at different stage of development, upon survival and development of eggs of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5216 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:33 | 5216 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: It is generally accepted by fish culturists that salmonid eggs are sensitive to mechanical shock and that the sensitivity varies with the stage of development of the eggs. In general, the period of greatest sensitivity is thought to occur between fertilization and ”eyeing”. However, it is reasonable to expect that, during a period (perhaps of several hours) following fertilization, sensitivity will be low because in nature during this period the eggs may be subject to some mechanical shock caused by the parent fish covering them with gravel. In 1983-4 and 1984-5 experiments were performed on brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) eggs to examine the effect of a standard mechanical shock (c. 2,500 eggs in 1983-4 and c. 8,400 eggs in 1984-5) at various stages of development upon survival to hatching and time of hatching.The results of these experiments are reported in this study.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Fish eggs ; Spawning ; Freshwater fish ; Experimental data ; Survival ; Mechanical stimuli ; England ; Cow Green Reservoir
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    Oxygen flux through salmonid spawning gravels (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5220 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:05 | 5220 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Laboratory and field studies have shown that the survival of salmonid fish eggs and alevins is dependent upon the supply rate or flux of dissolved oxygen through gravel beds used for spawning. Although there have been a number of studies concerned with North American species there are few data for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and the brown trout (S. trutta). For this study intragravel seepage velocities and dissolved oxygen concentrations have been measured throughout the incubation period in spawning gravels utilized by brown trout (Salmo trutta). Variation in the hatching success of batches of trout and salmon (Salmo salar) can, in part, be attributed to a critical threshold of oxygen flux through the gravels.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Freshwater fish ; Gravel ; River beds ; Rivers ; Dissolved oxygen ; Survival ; Fish eggs ; England ; Black Brows Beck
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  • 95
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    Discharge and turbidity of the regulated River Tees. Variance spectrum analysis (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5219 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:03 | 5219 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: High suspended sediment loads may be deleterious to adult salmonids and invertebrates in gravel-bedded streams. Further, the accumulation of fine material in the interstices of the gravel may have an adverse impact on the recruitment of the young stages of salmonids. It is important therefore not only to quantify the rates and degrees of silting but also to identify sediment sources and to determine both, the frequency of sediment inputs to the system and the duration of high sediment concentrations. This report explores the application of variance spectrum analysis to the isolation of sediment periodicities. For the particular river chosen for examination the method demonstrated the essentially undisturbed nature of the catchment. The regulated river chosen for examination is the River Tees in Northern England. Variance spectrum analysis was applied to a series of over 4000 paired daily turbidity and discharge readings.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater fish ; Resuspended sediments ; River beds ; River discharge ; Rivers ; Variance analysis ; Turbidity ; England ; Tees River
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  • 96
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    Experiments on downstream movement of recently emerged trout and salmon parr in Grassholme channels, 1983-1985 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5218 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:02 | 5218 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: A number of authors have described the manner in which young salmonids, soon after emergence from the gravel, set up and defend territories. This leads to mortality or downstream displacement of the individuals which are unable to acquire territories and is widely accepted as the main method of population regulation amongst young salmonids. In some field experiments the fish were constrained in screened reaches and the option of downstream dispersal for the surplus fry was thus excluded. In order to explore some aspects of downstream dispersal more closely under conditions which gave more control than is obtained in a natural stream, four experimental channels were set up at Grassholme reservoir in Teesdale. The report describes the results of investigations on the timing and rate of downstream movement of young brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) out of experimental channels, with special reference to the effect of water velocity on the rate of ”emigration”.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Freshwater fish ; Experimental data ; Survival ; Juveniles ; Territoriality ; Catadromous migrations ; Current velocity ; England ; Grassholme Reservoir
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    Pollution and water quality control of the River Tejo. Report on a visit to Portugal, Sep 27th - October 10th, 1987 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5221 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:07 | 5221 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Fundamental changes in the management of water resources in Portugal are now evolving. Five regional organisations termed Administracaos de Regiao Hidrographic (ARH), will be created to manage water resources within their respective geographical areas. These areas will be catchment based. As a fore-runner to the implementation of the five ARH's a foundation project has been established within the Direcao-Geral do Recursos Naturais to examine the practical implications of the new system. This project has been divided into a number of sub-projects and complementary projects to include the Tejo complementary project. The Tejo complementary project is the focus of this report. The report is to advise on the role of biology in the proposed ARH, to establish priorities for biological studies within the present Projecto de Gestao Integrada dos Recursos Hidricos da Bacia Hidrografica do Rio Tejo (PGIRH/T) and to assist with the planning of laboratory facilities for biology at the new PGIRH/T laboratory at Alges, Lisboa.
    Keywords: Law ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Rivers ; Ecosystem management ; Water management ; Water authorities ; Laboratories ; Environmental monitoring ; Fishery management ; Water policy ; Portugal ; Tagus River
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    Nitrates in surface water, inputs and seasonality (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5222 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:09 | 5222 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Because of the widespread concern over increasing nitrate concentrations in river water , the Freshwater Biological Association has undertaken a study to investigate seasonality, nitrate concentrations and loads in the River Frome catchment in relation to land use and compare the results for 1984/86 with data obtained in 1970/71. Information on land use changes and fertiliser applications were obtained both from MAFF and individual farmers. The study concludes that input of nitrogen from rainfall to the River Frome catchment had not significantly changed between 1970/71 and 1984/86.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Rivers ; Nitrogen ; Rain ; River discharge ; Monitoring ; Sewage ; Nitrates ; Fertilizers ; England ; Frome River
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  • 99
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    The effects of a sand layer upon swim-up success in UK salmonids (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5223 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:10 | 5223 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: There are two main ways in which gravel composition and changes therein arising from siltation, can influence the survival of young salmonids. First, the composition of the gravel will affect its permeability and, hence, may influence the survival of eggs and alevins through its effect upon the rate of supply of oxygen and the rate of removal of metabolic products. Second, the composition of the gravel may affect the ease, or otherwise, of emergence at the time of swim-up and alevins may become trapped in the gravel and perish. This aspect is the main concern of the present report. Experiments were conducted to examine the effects upon fry emergence of a sand layer deposited on the gravel surface. The study concludes that fry of brown trout and Atlantic salmon emerged through layers of sand up to 8 cm thick but the percentage emergence, even from the controls with no sand, was relatively low (5 - 68%). There was no firm evidence that the experimental treatments influenced percentage emergence, timing of emergence or weight of fry at the time of emergence.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Rivers ; Fry ; Experimental data ; Water currents ; Fish ; Developmental stages ; Dissolved oxygen ; England ; Kielder Water Reservoir ; Salmo trutta ; Salmo salar
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    Joint research project on the aquatic ecotoxicity of organo-aluminium: Chemical reactions. First interim report (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5225 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:36 | 5225 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The overall goal of the joint research project is to relate the chemical reactions involved in the formation of organo-aluminium complexes under acid conditions to their toxic effects on the physiology of aquatic organisms. Finally, this research is intended to predict toxic effects arising from acidity and aluminium under varying environmental conditions. This interim report examines the chemical modelling of ion-binding by humic substances where a computer model has been developed and is being tested using field data, and conditions required for the precipitation of aluminium in surface waters.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Modelling ; Models ; Humic acids ; Surface water ; Aluminium compounds ; Aluminium ; Ions ; Toxicity ; England ; Duddon River
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 26
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