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  • 1
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    Genetic improvement of tilapia: challenges and prospects in Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Akure (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/23373 | 19325 | 2018-04-10 16:09:38 | 23373 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: The contribution of tilapia aquaculture in Nigeria to world output is negligible due to stunting, poor market value among others. This paper evaluates the aquacultural credentials of tilapia, some genetic improvement technology in cultured tilapia, namely, ploidy, hormonal sex reversal. transgenic, hybridization, and the necessity of Genetic Improvement in accelerating tilapia production in Nigeria. Investigation reveals the presence of O. niloticus with the highest growth perfermancc index (~h1=3.11) for Lake Kanji which indicates high growth potential in suitable culture environment and could serve as a good starting point for genetic development. The presence of ”wesafu”, an ecotype cichlid, endemic to Epe lagoon, Lagos, which grows to 1500g in the wild, appears to be an excellent candidate for genetic improvement of a commercial strain for the growing aquaculture industry. Tilapia Genetic improvement in Nigeria is faced with a number of setbacks. This includes short- term, scattered and disjointed funding, inadequate genetic research facilities, ecological risk, inadequate skilled manpower and poor documentation of tilapia genetic resources among others. Considering the growing importance of tilapia culture, the need to document, conserve, evaluate and utilize tilapia genetic resources is highlighted to enhance the success of food security in Nigeria.
    Description: Includes:- 3 tables.;26 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Oreochromis niloticus ; Nigeria ; Kainji L. ; freshwater environment ; Fish culture ; Genetics ; Selective breeding
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 23-28
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  • 2
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    Comparison of diploid and triploid Heterobranchus bidorsalis using Polyacryl Amide Gel Electrophoresis (N-PAGE) (2021)
    FISON | Akure (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/23409 | 19325 | 2018-04-12 09:02:51 | 23409 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: A comparative analysis on biochemistry and Polyacryl Amide Gel Electrophresis was carried out to determine the genetic diversity of diploid and triploid Heterobranchus bidorsalis. Sixteen samples of diploid and triploid farm-raised (mean weight; 512.6g and mean length; 41.6cm) were collected and the electrophoresis analysis was conducted using 5.5% Polyacryl Amide Gel and serum protein obtained from the blood of the live samples. 0.06% Coomassie blue was used for staining the gel while a mixture of ratio 1:2 of glacial acetic acid, meethanol and distilled water was used for de-staining the gel. The diploid and triploid possessed an equal total number of 23 electrophoretic protein bands. The molecular phylogenetics of both samples revealed low genetic variability. Results of this study will serve as a baseline analysis on the current genetic diversity of H. bidorsalis in Nigeria.
    Description: Includes:- 2 figs.;8 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Heterobranchus bidorsalis ; Nigeria ; Kontagora L. ; freshwater environment ; Genetics ; Diploids ; Experimental culture ; Nutritional requirements ; Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 168-169
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosome constitution of highly motile mouse sperm (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 27 (1990), S. 168-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Motility ; Genetics ; Sex chromosome ratio ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In this study, we address the relationship between motility and genetic content of mouse sperm. The chromosome complements of highly motile mouse sperm, selected using the swim-up technique, were analyzed after in vitro fertilization, at the first cleavage state. They were compared to those of unselected sperm. Identification of male and female chromosome sets was possible because of their differential condensation at the first mitotic division. In vitro fertilization, swim-up separation, chromosome preparation, and staining were carried out using standard techniques. The results indicate that highly motile mouse sperm did not differ in types and frequencies of chromosomal abnormalities from those not selected for motility. Moreover, separation of motile sperm does not deviate the sex ratio from the theoretical 1:1.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080270213
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene and genome scanning by two-dimensional DNA typing (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 16 (1995), S. 186-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Genetics ; Two-dimensional electrophoresis ; Denaturing gradient electrophoresis ; Cystic fibrosis ; Mutation ; Breast cancer ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A major effort in the analysis of DNA currently focuses on identifying genes and their pathological variants underlying disease. Once such disease genes have been isolated a major task of molecular medicine is to identify the spectrum of DNA sequence variations responsible for the aberrant function of such genes. These efforts, however, are hindered by the vast amount of genetic information to scan for variations and the limited capacity of analytical techniques in terms of accuracy and speed. Recently, a number of techniques were developed, so-called “genome scanning” techniques, which allow complete genomes to be analyzed for sequence variation in parallel, i.e., at multiple sites or loci simultaneously rather than serially at predefined loci. Here we present the background and applications of a particular electrophoretic parallel processing approach, generically termed two-dimensional DNA typing. The approach is based on separating DNA fragments by two-dimensional electrophoresis [1], including denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, thus allowing hundreds of fragments to be simultaneously assessed by comparative analysis for variations in size and sequence. The method is suitable for hybridization analysis with locus-specific and multilocus probes of genomic DNA restriction fragments derived from human and other DNA, and for analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragments derived from large genes. Two-dimensional DNA typing has been applied, e.g., in linkage analysis of pedigrees, analysis of tumor genomes for rearrangements, and to scan the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene for sequence variations such as point mutations.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150160133
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Developmental genetics”  -  an introduction (1979)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 1-1 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020010102
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutations affecting the initiation of plasmodial development in Physarum polycephalum (1979)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 47-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: developmental mutants of Physarum ; apogamic mutants ; the amoebal-plasmodial transition ; myxomycete genetics ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In the heterothallic myxomycete Physarum polycephalum, uninucleate amoebae normally differentiate into syncytial plasmodia following heterotypic mating. In order to study the genetic control of this developmental process, mutations affecting the amoebal-plasmodial transition have been sought. Numerous mutants characterized by self-fertility have been isolated. The use of alkylating mutagens increases the mutant frequency over the spontaneous level but does not alter the mutant spectrum. Three spontaneous and 14 induced mutants have been analyzed genetically. In each, the mutation appears to be linked to the mating type locus. In three randomly selected mutants, the nuclear DNA content is the same in amoebae and plasmodia, indicating that amoebal syngamy does not precede plasmodium development in these strains. These results indicate that a highly specific type of mutational event, occurring close to or within the mating type locus, can abolish the requirement for syngamy normally associated with plasmodial differentiation. These mutations help define a genomic region regulating the switch from amoebal to plasmodial growth.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020010106
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of protein synthesis following heat shock in pupae of Drosophila melanogaster (1979)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 77-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; pupae ; heat shock ; protein synthesis ; phenocopies ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pupae of Drosophila melanogaster were heat-shocked under conditions required to induce phenocopies in more than 90% of the flies that subsequently emerge. The effects of these treatments on protein synthesis in two tissues (thoracic epithelium and brain) were followed for several hours after the heat treatments. Results from pulse-labeling and protein separations on sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) acrylamide gels showed a virtually complete cessation of protein synthesis immediately after the shock, followed by a noncoordinate resumption of the starting pattern. Similar experiments following double heat shocks demonstrated a more rapid resumption of synthesis of heat shock proteins after two successive heat treatments than after a single one.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020010109
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pink-eyed dilution alleles affect negative surface charges of mouse spermatozoa (1979)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 61-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: pink-eyed dilution locus ; spermatozoa ; sialic acid residues ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abnormal spermiogenesis in sterile pink-eyed dilution mutants results in spermatozoa with bizarre sperm heads. The spermatozoa of normal mice bind colloidal iron hydroxide (CIH) along the length of the tail, yet the spermatozoa of pink-eyed sterile mice show a great reduction in ability to bind CIH. This implies a loss of negative surface charges. The group(s) responsible for the charges are sensitive to methylation but resistant to neuraminidase treatment, even after deacetylation with alkaline treatment. The membrane components containing the negatively charged groups may be neuraminidase-resistant forms of gangliosides.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020010107
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genetic system for alternative stable characteristics in genomically identical homozygous clones (1979)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 21-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Paramecium tetraurelia ; trichocysts ; nuclear differentiation ; cellular differentiation ; cytoplasmic inheritance ; developmental genetics ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Paramecium tetraurelia, stock d113, although completely homozygous, produces two kinds of genomically identical clones: N (nondischarge) clones incapable of trichocyst exocytosis (discharge) from intact cells in response to picric acid; and D (discharge) clones that do respond. These alternatives are irreversibly determined (at 27°C) during a determination sensitive period the first day after fertilization (autogamy, conjugation, or cytogamy): D parents are always determined to produce D progeny; N parents produce mostly N progeny if kept in exhausted medium, but mostly D progeny if kept in bacterized nutrient medium, throughout the sensitive period. If connecting bridges between mates persist long after the time for pair separation, the N member of N×D conjugant and cytogamous pairs produces D progeny even if exposed to exhausted medium throughout the sensitive period, thus indicating the presence in D mates of a D-determining cytoplasmic factor, δ, which overrides effects of external conditions. N and D determinations are brought about on newly developing somatic nuclei (macronuclear anlagen). After macronuclear development has been completed, determination is irreversible in it and its descendant macronuclei. M (mixed) clones produce N, D, and partial D cells; within these clones, diverse subclones can be selected. Crosses of d113 (N)×standard wild stock 51 (D) yield no segregation in F2, indicating no genomic difference between d113 (N) and wild type (D), δ may be a genic product regulating its own production. This results in “cytoplasmic inheritance” of D vs N in crosses of D×N followed by exhausted medium during the sensitive period. As with the only other well-analyzed comparable example, mating types, neither a genetic nor an epigenetic interpretation has yet been excluded for this system of developmental differentiation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020010105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical and genetic analysis of a mutant with altered alkaline phosphatase activity in Dictyostelium discoideum (1979)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 109-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Dictyostelium discoideum ; alkaline phosphatase mutant ; linkage analysis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Alkaline phosphatase is one of several enzymes that accumulate in a temporally regulated sequence during the development of Dictyostelium discoideum. These enzymes can be used to monitor specific gene expression; moreover, isolation and analysis of mutations in the structural gene(s) can serve to indicate some of the essential steps in programmed synthesis and morphogenesis. A mutation (alpA) which affects the activity and substrate affinity of alkaline phosphatase was isolated in D discoideum using a procedure for screening large numbers of clones. Alkaline phosphatase activity at all stages of vegetative growth and development was altered by the mutation. Several physical properties of the enzyme from growing cells and developed cells were compared and found to be indistinguishable. It is likely that a single enzyme is responsible for the majority of alkaline phosphatase activity in growth and development. The mutation is coexpressed in diploids heterozygous for alpA and maps to linkage group III. One of the haploid segregants isolated from these diploids carries convenient markers on each of the six defined linkage groups and can be used for linkage analysis of other genetic loci.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020010111
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