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  • Books  (8)
  • Journals
  • Meteorologie
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
  • ANU Press  (4)
  • Collège de France  (4)
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  • Books  (8)
  • Journals
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  • 1
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    Collège de France
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Dans les années 1920, une théorie mathématique (la diagonalisation des matrices) et une question physique (la détermination du spectre des atomes), nées indépendamment, se sont rejointes pour donner naissance à la mécanique quantique et à la branche des mathématiques appelée « théorie spectrale ». Celle-ci intervient dans toute équation d’évolution linéaire, dont elle décompose les solutions en une superposition de solutions stationnaires dites « modes propres », qui vibrent à des « fréquences propres » : ces fréquences constituent le « spectre ». Située à l’intersection de plusieurs communautés mathématiques, la géométrie spectrale vise à comprendre le lien entre la géométrie initiale d’un objet et son spectre de vibration. L’auteure entreprend de retracer l’histoire de ce domaine très actif à travers quelques grands thèmes de recherche passés et actuels.
    Keywords: mathématiques ; géométrie spectrale ; physique quantique ; sciences ; spectre ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHQ Quantum physics (quantum mechanics and quantum field theory)
    Language: French
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  • 2
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    ANU Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This book provides collaborative research teams with a systematic approach for addressing complex real-world problems like widespread poverty, global climate change, organised crime, and escalating health care costs. The three core domains are 1. Synthesising disciplinary and stakeholder knowledge, 2. Understanding and managing diverse unknowns, and 3.Providing integrated research support for policy and practice change. Each of these three domains is organised around five questions 1. For what and for whom? 2. Which knowledge, unknowns and aspects of policy or practice? 3. How? 4. Context? 5. Outcome? This simple framework lays the foundations for developing compilations of concepts, methods and case studies about applying systems thinking, scoping and boundary setting, framing, dealing with values, harnessing and managing differences, undertaking dialogue, building models, applying common metrics, accepting unknowns, advocacy, end-user engagement, understanding authorisation, dealing with organisational facilitators and barriers, and much more. The book makes a case for a new research style—integrative applied research—and a new discipline of Integration and Implementation Sciences or I2S. It advocates for progressing these through an I2S Development Drive. It builds on theory and practice-based research in multi-, inter- and transdisciplinarity, post-normal science, systemic intervention, integrated assessment, sustainability science, team science, mode 2, action research and other approaches. The book concludes with 24 commentaries by Simon Bronitt; L. David Brown; Marcel Bursztyn and Maria Beatriz Maury; Lawrence Cram; Ian Elsum; Holly J. Falk-Krzesinski; Fasihuddin; Howard Gadlin and L. Michelle Bennett; Budi Haryanto; Julie Thompson Klein; Ted Lefroy; Catherine Lyall; M. Duane Nellis; Linda Neuhauser; Deborah O’Connell with Damien Farine, Michael O’Connor and Michael Dunlop; Michael O’Rourke; Christian Pohl; Merritt Polk; Alison Ritter; Alice Roughley; Michael Smithson; Daniel Walker; Michael Wesley; and Glenn Withers. These begin a process of appraisal, discussion and debate across diverse networks.
    Keywords: General Science ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general::GPS Research methods: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Collège de France
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: “Ma grande église et ma petite chapelle”: this is how, in 1894, the eminent medievalist Gaston Paris referred to the two institutions at which he taught: the Collège de France and the École pratique des hautes études (EPHE). Founded respectively in 1530 and 1868, these two places of “science in the making” (Ernest Renan) have maintained almost symbiotic ties, as many scholars and professors have moved from one to the other or have worked simultaneously in both. It is on these elective affinities that this book, the product of a symposium organized at the Collège de France on the occasion of the EPHE’s 150th anniversary, sheds light through studies on the history of these two institutions, reviews by discipline (comparative grammar, history of religions, anthropology, Sinology, Assyriology, Egyptology) and portraits of some key personalities (Ernest Renan, Gaston Paris, Abel Lefranc, Sylvain Lévi, Louis Robert). Beyond the anecdotal, prosopography or fortuitous institutional crossovers, these studies afford an opportunity to reflect on the joint role of these two institutions in the history of knowledge.
    Keywords: enseignement supérieur ; recherche ; histoire des savoirs ; histoire ; institutions académiques ; Collège de France ; École pratique des hautes études ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher education, tertiary education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: French
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  • 4
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    Collège de France
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Partie de sa niche éco-géographique africaine, l’espèce Homo sapiens a étendu son emprise sur l’ensemble de la planète au cours de son expansion, entraînant une perte de la biodiversité et la disparition d’autres espèces humaines, comme les Néandertaliens, avec lesquelles elle a parfois coexisté. Comment notre espèce s’est-elle ainsi imposée ? Était-elle réellement plus avancée que les autres formes d’humanité qui ont évolué parallèlement à elle ? Cette leçon inaugurale tente de définir Homo sapiens, de l’évolution de ses traits morphologiques et physiques à ses capacités cognitives, en passant par la maîtrise de certaines technologies.
    Keywords: Homo sapiens ; paléoanthropologie ; espèce humaine ; environnement ; adaptation ; évolution ; origine ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDG Industrial applications of scientific research and technological innovation ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBX Palaeontology
    Language: French
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: During the 1980’s there were many developments regarding the nonequilibrium statistical mechanics of dense classical atomic fluids. These developments have had a major impact on the computer simulation methods used to model nonequilibrium fluids. The present volume is, in part, an attempt to provide a pedagogical discussion of the statistical mechanical justification of these algorithms. There is a symbiotic relationship between theoretical nonequilibrium statistical mechanics on the one hand and the theory and practice of computer simulation on the other. Sometimes, the initiative for progress has been with the pragmatic requirements of computer simulation and at other times, the initiative has been with the fundamental theory of nonequilibrium processes. This book summarises progress in this field up to 1990.
    Keywords: computer simulation ; statistical mechanics ; liquids ; nonequilibrium fluids ; Cross-correlation matrix ; Equations of motion ; Phase space ; Strain rate ; Thermodynamic equilibrium ; Viscosity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    ANU Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: By definition scientists are an inquisitive lot. But what are the scientific curiosities and concerns on the minds of Australians? What worries them, baffles them, and sets their curiosity meter to 10 out of 10? To find out, the Office of the Chief Scientist (OCS) took the nation’s intellectual temperature, surveying 1186 Australians: men and women aged 18 to 65, from all education levels and locations around Australia. The results frame this book: a collection of essays covering the diverse areas of science Australians are curious about. Edited by eminent science writer Leigh Dayton and including a foreword from Australia’s Chief Scientist, Ian Chubb. The collection covers a range of issues, including food and farming technology, environmental upheaval, health, fuel and energy technology and space exploration.
    Keywords: science--social aspects--australia ; technology--social aspects--australia ; Australia ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: undefined
    Keywords: génétique ; génétique des populations ; génomique ; génomique humaine ; diversité biologique ; immunologie ; diversité ; épidémiologie ; évolution ; diversité phénotypique ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
    Language: French
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This book is the only account of what the bee, as an example of an insect, actually detects with its eyes. Bees detect some visual features such as edges and colours, but there is no sign that they reconstruct patterns or put together features to form objects. Bees detect motion but have no perception of what it is that moves, and certainly they do not recognize “things” by their shapes. Yet they clearly see well enough to fly and find food with a minute brain. Bee vision is therefore relevant to the construction of simple artificial visual systems, for example for mobile robots. The surprising conclusion is that bee vision is adapted to the recognition of places, not things. In this volume, Adrian Horridge also sets out the curious and contentious history of how bee vision came to be understood, with an account of a century of neglect of old experimental results, errors of interpretation, sharp disagreements, and failures of the scientific method. The design of the experiments and the methods of making inferences from observations are also critically examined, with the conclusion that scientists are often hesitant, imperfect and misleading, ignore the work of others, and fail to consider alternative explanations. The erratic path to understanding makes interesting reading for anyone with an analytical mind who thinks about the methods of science or the engineering of seeing machines.
    Keywords: vision ; robot vision ; bee ; insects ; Angular velocity ; Discrimination ; Feature detection (computer vision) ; Honey bee ; Neuron ; Ommatidium ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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