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Youngest Cretaceous dinosaur tracksite from the Middle East (Maastrichtian, Farrokhi Formation, Central Iran) (2021)

Wilmsen, Markus ; Fürsich, Franz Theodor ; Majidifard, Mahmoud Reza ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-19

Beschreibung: A late early Maastrichtian dinosaur trampling site is reported from the Farrokhi Formation of the Khur area, Central Iran. The largely indeterminate footprints, some of which may represent undertracks, can be classified as natural moulds (i.e. concave epireliefs) bordered by a raised rim of displaced sediment. They reach diameters of up to 0.5 m and were impressed under very shallow to subaerial conditions in an inter- to supratidal environment. Two generations of traces have been imprinted, initially into a soft, fine-grained carbonate sand and afterwards into a superficially hardened substrate that was still plastic underneath; the change in substrate consistency is supported by a conspicuous cracking pattern around the footprints. As a result, hardly any details of the foot morphology of the trackmakers are recorded. Nevertheless, the occurrence improves our knowledge about dinoturbation and its preservation in different kinds of substrates. Furthermore, it is the youngest record (ca. 70 Ma) of dinosaur locomotion traces from Iran and, in all probability, the entire Middle East.

Beschreibung: Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden (3507)

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Late Cretaceous ; Yazd Block ; Tidal flats ; Dinoturbation ; Emersion ; Composite surface

Sprache: Englisch

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Review of Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary sections in the Rhenish Slate Mountains (Germany) (2021)

Becker, R. Thomas ; Hartenfels, Sven ; Kaiser, Sandra I. ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-20

Beschreibung: Thirty Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary sections of the Rhenish Slate Mountains and adjacent subsurface areas are reviewed with respect to litho-, event, conodont, ammonoid, sequence, and chemostratigraphy. In the interval from the base of the uppermost Famennian (Wocklum Beds, Wocklumian) to the base of the middle Tournaisian (base Lower Alum Shale), 11 conodont and 16 ammonoid (sub)zones are distinguished. The terminology of the Hangenberg Crisis Interval is refined, with an overall regressive Crisis Prelude below the main Hangenberg Extinction, which defines the base of the transgressive Lower Crisis Interval (Hangenberg Black Shale). The glacigenic and regressive Middle Crisis Interval (Hangenberg Shale/Sandstone) is followed by the overall transgressive Upper Crisis Interval that can be subdivided into three parts (I to III) with the help of conodont stratigraphy (upper costatus-kockeli Interregnum = upper ckI, Protognathodus kockeli Zone, and lower part of Siphonodella (Eosiphonodella) sulcata s.l./Pr. kuehni Zone). Protognathodus kockeli includes currently a wide range of forms, which variabilities and precise ranges need to be established before a precise GSSP level should be selected. Returning to its original definition, the former Upper duplicata Zone is re-named as Siphonodella (S.) mehli Zone. It replaces the S. (S.) jii Zone, which is hampered by taxonomic complications. The S. (S.) quadruplicata Zone of Ji (1985) is hardly supported by Rhenish data. The entry of typical S. (S.) lobata (M1) characterises an upper subdivision (subzone) of the S. (S.) sandbergi Zone; the new S. (S.) lobata M2 enters much earlier within the S. (S.) mehli Zone. The ammonoid-defined base of the Wocklum-Stufe (Upper Devonian = UD VI) begins with the Linguaclymenia similis Zone (UD VI-A1). The oldest S. (Eosiphonodella) enter within the Muessenbiaergia bisulcata Zone (UD VI-A2). The traditional Parawocklumeria paradoxa Zone of Schindewolf (1937) is divided into successive P. paprothae (VI-C1), P. paradoxa (VI-C2), and Mayneoceras nucleus (VI-C3) Subzones. In the lower Tournaisian (Lower Carboniferous = LC I), the Gattendorfia subinvoluta Zone is subdivided into G. subinvoluta (LC I-A2) and “Eocanites” nodosus (LC I-A3) Subzones. The Paprothites dorsoplanus Zone (LC I-B) can be divided into Pap. dorsoplanus (LC I-B1) and Paragattendorfia sphaeroides (LC I-B2) Subzones. Potential subdivisions of the Pseudarietites westfalicus (LC I-C) and Parag. patens Zones (LC I-D) are less distinctive. The unfossiliferous or argillaceous upper part of the Hangenberg Limestone and the overlying Lower Alum Shale Event Interval remain regionally unzoned for ammonoids.

Beschreibung: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (1056)

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Rhenish Massif ; Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary ; Lithostratigraphy ; Biostratigraphy ; Hangenberg Crisis ; Carbon isotopes

Sprache: Englisch

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The early Cenomanian crippsi Event at Lüneburg (Germany): palaeontological and stratigraphical significance of a widespread Late Cretaceous bioevent (2021)

Wilmsen, Markus ; Schumacher, Detlef ; Niebuhr, Birgit ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-20

Beschreibung: The early Cenomanian crippsi Event comprises a 1–3-m-thick interval characterised by mass occurrences of the early Cenomanian inoceramid Gnesioceramus crippsi, identified in the uppermost Sharpeiceras schlueteri Subzone (lower lower Cenomanian Mantelliceras mantelli Zone), below an interregional sequence boundary (SB Ce 1). At Lüneburg, the event is characterised by densely packed, very large, disc-like valves of G. crippsi. Taphonomy as well as bio- and microfacies suggest an event formation in a deeper shelf setting below the storm-wave base as primary biogenic concentration, the inoceramids living as recumbent forms on a soft substrate in dense populations. When tracked between basins, the stratigraphic pattern of the crippsi Event suggests a moderately prolonged phase (〈 100 kyr) of increased shell production with rapid deposition aiding in preserving the shell-rich event strata. Towards the basin margins, it grades into storm wave-reworked bioclastic concentrations. The crippsi Event formed by an interregional population bloom and provides, as an proliferation epibole, an important marker for intra- and interbasinal correlation. The first record of G. mowriensis within the crippsi Event at Lüneburg, hitherto endemic to the US Western Interior Seaway, and the occurrence of the ammonite Metengonoceras teigenense, likewise an endemic North American faunal element, from the level of the crippsi Event in northern France indicate faunal exchange between the New and Old worlds during the early Cenomanian. This faunal dispersal and contemporaneous occurrence of warm-water biofacies in Western Europe during the early Cenomanian is explained by the existence of a perpetual NE-directed current transporting warm surface waters from the Gulf of Mexico towards Europe. The occurrence of short-lived M. teigenense in France allows for the calibration of the uppermost schlueteri Subzone of the mantelli Zone in Europe to the lowermost Neogastroplites muelleri Zone in North America and to assign an age of ~ 98.6–98.7 Ma to the crippsi Event.

Beschreibung: Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden (3507)

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Upper Cretaceous ; Proliferation epibole ; Taphonomy ; Palaeo(bio)geography ; Correlation

Sprache: Englisch

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Palaeoecological analysis of maximum flooding zones from the Tithonian (Upper Jurassic) of the Kachchh Basin, western India (2020)

Fürsich, Franz T. ; Alberti, Matthias ; Pandey, Dhirendra K. ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-16

Beschreibung: The siliciclastic Jhuran Formation of the Kachchh Basin, a rift basin bordering the Malagasy Seaway, documents the filling of the basin during the late syn-rift stage. The marine, more than 700-m-thick Tithonian part of the succession in the western part of the basin is composed of highly asymmetric transgressive–regressive cycles and is nearly unfossiliferous except for two intervals, the Lower Tithonian Hildoglochiceras Bed (HB) and the upper Lower Tithonian to lowermost Cretaceous Green Ammonite Beds (GAB). Both horizons represent maximum flooding zones (MFZ) and contain a rich fauna composed of ammonites and benthic macroinvertebrates. Within the HB the benthic assemblages change, concomitant with an increase in the carbonate content, from the predominantly infaunal “Lucina” rotundata to the epifaunal Actinostreon marshii and finally to the partly epifaunal, partly infaunal Eoseebachia sowerbyana assemblage. The Green Ammonite Beds are composed of three highly ferruginous beds, which are the MFZ of transgressive–regressive cycles forming the MFZ of a 3rd-order depositional sequence. The GAB are highly ferruginous, containing berthieroid ooids and grains. GAB I is characterized by the reworked Gryphaea moondanensis assemblage, GAB II by an autochthonous high-diversity assemblage dominated by the brachiopods Acanthorhynchia multistriata and Somalithyris lakhaparensis, whereas GAB III is devoid of fossils except for scarce ammonites. The GAB are interpreted to occupy different positions along an onshore–offshore transect with increasing condensation offshore. Integrated analyses of sedimentological, taphonomic, and palaeoecological data allow to reconstruct, in detail, the sequence stratigraphic architecture of sedimentary successions and to evaluate their degree of faunal condensation.

Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

Beschreibung: Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001409

Beschreibung: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (1041)

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Shell concentration ; Sequence stratigraphy ; Faunal condensation ; Benthic macrofauna ; Palaeoecology

Sprache: Englisch

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The Mandalovoo–Gurvansayhan terranes in the southern Gobi of Mongolia: new insights from the Bayankhoshuu Ruins section (2021)

Munkhjargal, A. ; Königshof, P. ; Waters, J. A. ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-08-25

Beschreibung: The Bayankhoshuu Ruins section in southern Mongolia is characterized by strongly thrusted and folded sequences. Overall, three sections ranging from Ordovician to Carboniferous rocks were studied. Facies analysis combined with stratigraphic data provide improved lithostratigraphic descriptions of Palaeozoic successions in the Mushgai region. The overall marine sedimentary sequence is punctuated by volcanic rocks–basaltic lava of Silurian and Middle Devonian age and volcaniclastic bentonite and tuff in the Middle to Late Devonian and Mississippian suggesting an island arc setting. The Minjin Member of the Botuulkhudag Formation (Middle Devonian to Late Devonian) is primarily composed of thick basaltic and subaerial volcanic rocks with minor silicified siltstone and chert inclusions. Thicker successions of limestone occur in the Ordovician/Silurian, Early Devonian, and the Mississippian. The macrofauna is scarce, except distinct limestone horizons where different fossil groups were recognized. Microfossils, such as radiolarians and conodonts, are scarce and generally poorly preserved. However, based on the re-study of collections from earlier publications and new conodont data, a more detailed biostratigraphic record of the Khoyormod, Botuulkhudag, and Arynshand formations of the Bayankhoshuu Ruins section can be developed. For instance, the Arynshand Formation likely ranges from the late Bispathodus ultimus conodont biozone to the Scaliognathus anchoralis–Doliognathus latus conodont biozone. A tectonic breccia occurs in the early Mississippian and is overlain by a red shale of remarkable thickness at the top of this formation which points to subaerial exposure in the early Mississippian (near the Tournaisian/Visean transition). Due to strong tectonic overprint and/or facies, some unconformities/hiatuses occur. Most strata are intensively folded and faulted, ranging from centimeter to meter scale. Overall, deposition likely occurred on either the Mandalovoo or Gurvansayhan Terrane.

Beschreibung: Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung (SGN) (3507)

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) ; Mongolia ; Palaeozoic biostratigraphy ; Volcanism ; Hemipelagic/pelagic facies ; Island arc

Sprache: Englisch

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Life at the continental–marine interface: palaeoenvironments and biota of the Alcobaça Formation (Late Jurassic, Central Portugal), with a formal definition of the unit appended (2021)

Fürsich, Franz T. ; Schneider, Simon ; Werner, Winfried ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-08-25

Beschreibung: The Kimmeridgian Alcobaça Formation of the Lusitanian Basin forms a mixed carbonate–siliciclastic unit between basinal deposits of the Abadia Formation, and fluvial–terrestrial strata of the Lourinhã Formation. This study presents 〉2.5 km of detailed logs of nine outcrop sections of the Alcobaça Formation in its type region. Eight of these sections encircle the Caldas da Rainha Diapir, which was a prominent, emergent, passive salt diapir during the time of deposition. Palaeoenvironments of the unit form a complex mosaic of low- to high-energy, carbonate- or siliciclastic-dominated shallow shelf settings; coastal embayments and lagoons; and coastal plains with rivers, lakes and playas. In the strata, abundant microfauna is often joined by a rich macrofauna, usually dominated by bivalves. Locally, corals, calcareous sponges or oysters form meadows or patch reefs. These autochthonous to parautochthonous remnants of former communities are assigned to 35 benthic macrofaunal associations. The integration of palaeoecological analysis of these associations with microfaunal and sedimentological data provides constraint on their salinity ranges, which range from slightly hypersaline to freshwater. Frequent temporal and spatial salinity fluctuations are attributed to variations in relative sea-level, salt tectonics or climate. The NNE-trending Caldas da Rainha Diapir induced pronounced facies differentiation. Predominantly, non-marine siliciclastic facies in the northwest and carbonate to siliciclastic, marine to brackish facies in the southwest are contrasted by shallow-marine carbonate facies east of the diapir. Comprehensive exposure and well-preserved fossils make the Alcobaça Formation an excellent showcase to demonstrate how biofacies analysis can help to disentangle the interplay of climate changes, sea-level fluctuations and salt tectonics. Based on the improved characterisation of the unit, the Alcobaça Formation is formally defined, and seven members are established.

Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Kimmeridgian ; Macrofaunal associations ; Biofacies ; Salinity ; Diapirism

Sprache: Englisch

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Devonian-Carboniferous boundary sections in Iran (2020)

Königshof, Peter ; Bahrami, Ali ; Kaiser, Sandra I. ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-08

Beschreibung: Many sections are known from Iran which exhibit sediments across the Devonian-Carboniferous (D-C) boundary. In contrast to the majority of published D-C sections worldwide from pelagic/hemipelagic environments, successions in Iran are mainly composed of shallow-water sediments. Correlation with hemipelagic or pelagic palaeoenvironments remains difficult due to biostratigraphic uncertainties in most sections and/or hiatuses. On the other hand, a limited number of sections dealing with shallow-water facies settings in Iran at this particular time period are known and further research is necessary. Several sections in the Alborz Mountains provide an excellent opportunity to study successions across the D-C boundary in shallow-water facies. In Iran, protognathoids are represented by Protognathodus meischneri and Protognathodus collinsoni. The two biostratigraphically important protognathoids (Protognathodus kuehni and Protognathodus kockeli) were not reported or did not occur for the first time in the Late Tournaisian. Early siphonodellids were described instead. In the frame of an Iranian/German research project, we study different palaeoenvironments to reduce serious palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographical sampling bias which may limit our knowledge on the Hangenberg Event particularly in shallow-water facies. We present a summary on published D-C sections in Iran (Ghale-Kalaghu, Howz-e-Dorah 1, Howz-e-Dorah 2 and Shahmirzad) and sections which are under study (Mighan, Chelcheli and Khoshyeilagh) at the time of this writing.

Beschreibung: Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Frankfurt (3507)

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Hangenberg Crisis ; Shallow-water palaeoenvironments ; Conodonts ; Alborz Mountains ; Shotori Range

Sprache: Englisch

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Diversity patterns and palaeoecology of benthic communities of the Kanosh Formation (Pogonip Group, Utah, western USA) (2020)

Hofmann, Richard ; Kehl, Jan Philipp ; Hofmann, Richard; Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-08

Beschreibung: The Dapingian to Darriwilian Kanosh Formation is one of the most fossiliferous units of the Pogonip Group (Great Basin, western US). It records a critical phase of the so-called Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE) during which many marine clades diversified on lower systematic levels. However, a comprehensive palaeoecological analysis has not been presented for this unit so far. Based on newly collected material from three sections in the type area at Ibex, we reconstruct benthic marine communities, analyse diversity patterns, and discuss its significance for the GOBE. We find no differences in species’ composition across the formation with respect to brachiopods. Benthic assemblages are dominated by Shoshonorthis michaelis, alongside the presence of Anomalorthis lonensis and Anomalorthis utahensis across the whole unit. Trilobites show a more pronounced facies restriction with species of Kanoshia and Pseudomera being observed in more proximal limestone whereas Bathyurellus and Pseudoolenoides occur in fine-grained, low-energy deposits. The skeletal limestone also records abundant bioclasts of bryozoans, echinoderms, and receptaculitids, suggesting an ecologically diverse and tiered community being present in the inner shelf zone. However, most of these groups are not particularly diverse in terms of species richness. This implies that principle establishment of typical members of the “Palaeozoic Fauna” is not associated with a local diversification of clades. The comparably low habitat diversity of the Kanosh Fauna likely reflects environmental constraints such as high rates of siliclastic input. Additionally, these mainly Dapingian communities still represent a base-line fauna before the principal diversification took place.

Beschreibung: Museum für Naturkunde – Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung (3498)

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Palaeoecology ; Middle Ordovician ; Diversification ; Benthos

Sprache: Englisch

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100 years of Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments (2020)

Königshof, P. ; Königshof, P.; Senckenberg – Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-08

Beschreibung: 100 years of evolution of the journals’ scientific focus from Senckenbergiana to Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments are described.

Beschreibung: Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung (SGN) (3507)

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Paleontology ; Biodiversity ; Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography ; Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography ; Freshwater & Marine Ecology

Sprache: Englisch

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The Hushoot Shiveetiin gol section (Baruunhuurai Terrane, Mongolia): sedimentology and facies from a Late Devonian island arc setting (2020)

Munkhjargal, A. ; Königshof, P. ; Hartenfels, S. ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-08

Beschreibung: A Late Devonian to (?)Early Mississippian section at Hushoot Shiveetiin gol in the Baruunhuurai Terrane of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) exposes large parts of cyclic Famennian shallow-water siliciclastic shelf deposits composed of siltstones, sandstones, shales, volcaniclastics, and intercalated autochthonous carbonates. The youngest part of the section, possibly Early Mississippian, is represented by arkosic sandstones with large plant remains. The facies reflects a range from shallow-intertidal to outer ramp settings. In terms of conodont stratigraphy, the Hushoot Shiveetiin gol section ranges from the Palmatolepis minuta minuta Biozone to at least the Palmatolepis rugosa trachytera Biozone. Hiatuses of several conodont biozones occur due to the facies setting (erosion and reworked sediments which are recognized by reworked conodonts) rather than thrusting or folding. The environmental setting was characterized by coeval subaerial volcanism resulting in numerous pyroclastic deposits. The depositional environments and intense volcanic activity at the Hushoot Shiveetiin gol section limited the stratigraphic distribution, abundance, and diversity of many elements of the fauna such as brachiopods. Ostracods were very abundant and diverse through many parts of the section. Although limited in stratigraphic distribution, the crinoid fauna is the most diverse Palaeozoic fauna collected from Mongolia to date and supports the hypothesis that the CAOB was a biodiversity hotspot in the aftermath of the Frasnian–Famennian extinction event.

Beschreibung: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001655

Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

Beschreibung: National Geographic Society http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100006363

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) ; Facies ; Biostratigraphy ; Volcanism ; Biodiversity hotspot ; Hangenberg Crisis

Sprache: Englisch

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Facies, magnetic susceptibility and timing of the Late Devonian Frasnian/Famennian boundary interval (Xom Nha Formation, Central Vietnam) (2021)

Ta, Hoa Phuong ; Königshof, Peter ; Ellwood, Brooks B. ; [weitere]

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-09-13

Beschreibung: Upper Devonian carbonates deposited through the Frasnian/Famennian (F/F) stage boundary in the Xom Nha Formation, Central Vietnam, were studied. The section is mainly composed of fossiliferous, brecciated, and laminated limestone beds, while shale beds occur in a subordinate number. Microfacies generally suggests a hemipelagic setting on an outer shelf environment with low sedimentation rates. A sediment accumulation rate of 0.217 cm/kyrs for this section is calculated. The Xom Nha section does not exhibit characteristic black shales or black limestones through the F/F boundary, but instead shows a similar lithology in comparison to other F/F sections in Southeast Asia. The carbonates yielded abundant conodonts, which represent mainly cosmopolitan species but the section differs from most sections in Europe in showing relatively high numbers of Palmatolepis linguiformis species. Deposition through the F/F boundary interval reported here for the Xom Nha section appears to have occurred during a ~1.2 Ma, and shows well-defined climate cyclicity.

Beschreibung: NAFOSTED

Beschreibung: German Science Foundation

Beschreibung: Project for Collecting Paleontological Specimens in Vietnam

Schlagwort(e): ddc:560 ; Microfacies ; Conodonts ; Magnetic susceptibility ; Late Devonian events ; Milankovitch cycles

Sprache: Englisch

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