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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics  (38)
  • American Geophysical Union  (25)
  • AGU  (13)
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  • 1
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    Neotectonics and long-term seismicity in Europe and the Mediterranean region (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-04
    Description: We present a neotectonic model of ongoing lithosphere deformation and a corresponding estimate of long-term shallow seismicity across the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary, including the eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean region, and continental Europe. GPS and stress data are absent or inadequate for the part of the study area covered by water. Thus, we opt for a dynamic model based on the stress-equilibrium equation; this approach allows us to estimate the long-term behavior of the lithosphere (given certain assumptions about its structure and physics) for both land and sea areas. We first update the existing plate model by adding five quasi-rigid plates (the Ionian Sea, Adria, Northern Greece, Central Greece, and Marmara) to constrain the deformation pattern of the study area. We use the most recent datasets to estimate the lithospheric structure. The models are evaluated in comparison with updated datasets of geodetic velocities and the most compressive horizontal principal stress azimuths. We find that the side and basal strengths drive the present-day motion of the Adria and Aegean Sea plates, whereas lithostatic pressure plays a key role in driving Anatolia. These findings provide new insights into the neotectonics of the greater Mediterranean region. Finally, the preferred model is used to estimate long-term shallow seismicity, which we retrospectively test against historical seismicity. As an alternative to reliance on incomplete geologic data or historical seismic catalogs, these neotectonic models help to forecast long-term seismicity, although requiring additional tuning before seismicity rates are used for seismic hazard purposes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5311–5342
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Earthquake rates ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.03. Heat flow ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.01. Continents ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Tectonics and seismicity of the Tindari Fault System, southern Italy: Crustal deformations at the transition between ongoing contractional and extensional domains located above the edge of a subducting slab (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-26
    Description: The Tindari Fault System (southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) is a regional zone of brittle deformation located at the transition between ongoing contractional and extensional crustal compartments and lying above the western edge of a narrow subducting slab. Onshore structural data, an offshore seismic reflection profile, and earthquake data are analyzed to constrain the present geometry of the Tindari Fault System and its tectonic evolution since Neogene, including the present seismicity. Results show that this zone of deformation consists of a broad NNW trending system of faults including sets of right-lateral, left-lateral, and extensional faults as well as early strike-slip faults reworked under late extension. Earthquakes and other neotectonic data provide evidence that the Tindari Fault System is still active in the central and northern sectors and mostly accommodates extensional or rightlateral transtensional displacements on a diffuse array of faults. From these data, a multiphase tectonic history is inferred, including an early phase as a right-lateral strike-slip fault and a late extensional reworking under the influence of the subductionrelated processes, which have led to the formation of the Tyrrhenian back-arc basin. Within the present, regional, geodynamic context, the Tindari Fault System is interpreted as an ongoing accommodation zone between the adjacent contractional and extensional crustal compartments, these tectonic compartments relating to the complex processes of plate convergence occurring in the region. The Tindari Fault System might also be included in an incipient, oblique-extensional, transfer zone linking the ongoing contractional belts in the Calabrian-Ionian and southern Tyrrhenian compartments.
    Description: Published
    Description: TC2006
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: NONE ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Seismotectonics of the Southern Apennines and Adriatic foreland: insights on active regional E-W shear zones from analogue modeling (2006)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The active tectonics at the front of the Southern Apennines and in the Adriatic foreland is characterized by E-W striking, right-lateral seismogenic faults, interpreted as reactivated inherited discontinuities. The best studied among these is the Molise-Gondola shear zone (MGsz). The interaction of these shear zones with the Apennines chain is not yet clear. To address this open question we developed a set of scaled analogue experiments, aimed at analyzing: 1) how dextral strike-slip motion along a pre-existing zone of weakness within the foreland propagates toward the surface and affects the orogenic wedge; 2) the propagation of deformation as a function of displacement; 3) any insights on the active tectonics of Southern Italy. Our results stress the primary role played by these inherited structures when reactivated, and confirm that regional E-W dextral shear zones are a plausible way of explaining the seismotectonic setting of the external areas of the Southern Apennines.
    Description: INGV, Università degli Studi di Pavia
    Description: Published
    Description: 21
    Description: open
    Keywords: Active strike-slip fault ; sandbox model ; southern Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    A study of regional waveform calibration in the eastern Mediterranean (2006)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We modeled Pnl phases from several moderate magnitude earthquakes in the eastern Mediterranean to test methods and develop path calibrations for determining source parameters. The study region, which extends from the eastern part of the Hellenic arc to the eastern Anatolian fault, is dominated by moderate earthquakes that can produce significant damage. Our results are useful for analyzing regional seismicity as well as seismic hazard, because very few broadband seismic stations are available in the selected area. For the whole region we have obtained a single velocity model characterized by a 30 km thick crust, low upper mantle velocities and a very thin lid overlaying a distinct low velocity layer. Our preferred model proved quite reliable for determining focal mechanism and seismic moment across the entire range of selected paths. The source depth is also well constrained, especially for moderate earthquakes.
    Description: Published
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Body wave propagation ; earthquake parameters ; lithosphere ; upper-mantle ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Multidisciplinary study of flank instability phenomena at Stromboli volcano, Italy (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This study concerns the unstable scarp named Sciara del Fuoco (SDF) at Stromboli volcano, merging geostructural observations, live-cam records in the visible and IR bands, analysis of vertical aerial photographs, and seismic records. These are used to assess morpho-structural changes between 2002 and 2004. The onset of the lava effusion on 28 December, 2002 preceded a gravitational collapse by two days, affecting a wide area of the SDF above and below sea level. We surmise that the collapse enhanced latent instability of the scarp. The 2002–2003 lava flows had a remarkable stabilizing effect on wide portions (〉50%) of the SDF, whilst erosive phenomena continued in the zone not covered by lava. This caused unrelenting regression of the upper landslide scarp toward the summit craters in the form of rockfalls and debris flows. If the crater conduit were involved in the sliding, then a change in eruptive behavior cannot be excluded.
    Description: Published
    Description: L09304
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: NONE ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Continuous monitoring of soil CO2 flux on Mt. Etna:The 2004–2005 eruption and the role of regional tectonics and volcano tectonics. (2008)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The soil CO2 flux on Mt. Etna as recorded by the ETNAGAS network (an automatic system for measuring soil CO2 flux and meteorological parameters) started to increase strongly about 5 months prior to the onset of the 2004–2005 eruption and decreased a few months before the end of the eruption. Time delays in the occurrences of anomalies in soil CO2 flux at different sites in the geochemical network constrain the relationship between soil CO2 flux distributions and the tectonic framework of Etna volcano. The anomalies observed before the 2004–2005 eruption support the intrusion of new undegassed magma into the upper feeding system of the volcano (〈20 km below sea level). Magma subsequently rose slowly in the volcano conduits, thereby triggering the onset of the 2004–2005 eruption. The time delays in the occurrences of anomalies in combination with spectral analysis indicate the importance of tectonic and volcanotectonic structures in driving the ascent of deep gases within the crust. Moreover, greatest amplitude pulsations of the low-frequency components of the CO2 flux signals were correlated with the paroxystic activities of the 2004–2005 eruption. This study confirms that CO2 flux variation is a useful indicator for volcanic activity in the surveillance of the Mt. Etna and similar basaltic volcanoes.
    Description: Dipartimento Protezione Civile Ministero degli Interni
    Description: Published
    Description: B09206
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: CO2 flux ; Continuous monitoring of soil CO2 flux ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Thick-skinned tectonics in the external Apennines, Italy: New evidence from magnetic anomaly analysis (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We discuss the tectonic implications of a new residual magnetic map of the Apennine belt/Adriatic-Apulian foreland obtained by integrating ground and offshore data sets [Chiappini et al., 2000a]. Negative anomalies are documented over the Adriatic-Apulian foreland areas, whereas the external Apennine belt is characterized by a ubiquitous lowamplitude (〈30 nT), long-wavelength positive anomaly. In the central northern Apennines, three 100 km wide more intense (100–200 nT) round-shaped anomalies are superimposed to the long-wavelength feature. Finally, in the Tyrrhenian Sea and margins, high-intensity, short-wavelength positive-negative couplets coincide with magmatic outcrops or bodies at shallow depth. The low-amplitude anomaly pattern over Italy suggests that the magnetic basement beneath the Triassic evaporites is ubiquitously incorporated in the external belt compressive fronts, implying a thick-skinned tectonic style for the external Apennines. The new residual magnetic map resolves the inconsistency between previous aeromagnetic data [AGIP SpA. Italia, 1981], which suggested a lack of basement involvement in the Apennine belt, and recent seismic data, which imaged deep reflectors penetrating the basement. Two magnetic models along NE-SW transects in the northern and southern Apennines suggest consistent structural styles. In the northern Apennines, positive anomalies roughly coincide with the external compressive fronts, although there are local second-order differences between the belt front and the edges of the anomaly. Here the magnetic data show that the basement rises southwestward along the thrust fronts from 6–7 km depth in the Adriatic foreland to 2–3 km depth in the axial belt, where some exploration wells have penetrated basement. Within the belt front, basement exhumation is inferred to occur along high-angle, low-displacement thrust faults inverting preexisting normal faults. In the southern Apennines, a remarkable positive magnetic anomaly is parallel with and tens of kilometers southwest of the belt front. Seismic data and oil wells show that the basement surface cannot be shallower in the belt than in the foreland. Therefore the observed magnetic anomaly is produced by strongly magnetic basement beneath the belt, likely an internal crustal wedge tectonically interposed between the Apulian carbonate sequences and basement.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2290
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Magnetic anomalies ; Potential fields ; Apennines ; Crustal modelling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.02. Gravity methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    Tectonics of the Umbria-Marche-Romagna Arc (central northern Apennines, Italy): New paleomagnetic constraints (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present the results of a paleomagnetic study carried out on 32 sites from mainly Messinian clayey sediments distributed throughout the external Umbria-Marche-Romagna Arc (UMRA). These data, together with published results from coeval sediments, demonstrate that this arc is an orocline in its central northern sector. Bending, not well constrained in time, was due to about 15° clockwise rotations of the central part of this arc and to counterclockwise rotations farther north. In this latter area, post-Messinian counterclockwise rotations are of the same amplitude as those calculated for some classic Mesozoic paleomagnestic sections in northern Umbria, suggesting a Plio-Pleistocene age for the rotations reported from the older sequences.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3153-3166
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: paleomagnetism ; tectonic rotations ; arcuate belt ; northern Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Deformation and eruptions at Mt. Etna (Italy): A lesson from 15 years of observations (2009)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Volcanoes deform as a consequence of the rise and storage of magma; once magma reaches a critical pressure, an eruption occurs. However, how the edifice deformation relates to its eruptive behavior is poorly known. Here, we produce a joint interpretation of spaceborne InSAR deformation measurements and volcanic activity at Mt. Etna (Italy), between 1992 and 2006. We distinguish two volcano-tectonic behaviors. Between 1993 and 2000, Etna inflated with a starting deformation rate of 1 cm yr 1 that progressively reduced with time, nearly vanishing between 1998 and 2000; moreover, low-eruptive rate summit eruptions occurred, punctuated by lava fountains. Between 2001 and 2005, Etna deflated, feeding higher-eruptive rate flank eruptions, along with large displacements of the entire East-flank. These two behaviors, we suggest, result from the higher rate of magma stored between 1993 and June 2001, which triggered the emplacement of the dike responsible for the 2001 and 2002–2003 eruptions. Our results clearly show that the joint interpretation of volcano deformation and stored magma rates may be crucial in identifying impending volcanic eruptions.
    Description: This work was partly funded by INGV and the Italian DPC and was supported by ASI, the Preview Project and CRdC-AMRA. DPC-INGV Flank project providing the funds for the publication fees.
    Description: Published
    Description: L02309
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: 4.5. Degassamento naturale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: deformation ; eruptions ; Mt. Etna ; eruptive cycle ; InSAR ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Relative roles of rifting tectonics and magma ascent processes: Inferences from geophysical, structural, volcanological, and geochemical data for the Neapolitan volcanic region (southern Italy) (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Neapolitan volcanic region is located within the graben structure of the Campanian Plain (CP), which developed between the western sector of the Appenine Chain and the eastern margin of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Two volcanic areas, spaced less than 10 km apart, are situated within the CP: the Somma-Vesuvius Volcano (SVV) and the Phlegraean Volcanic District (PVD). SVV is a typical stratovolcano, whereas PVD, including Campi Flegrei, Procida, and Ischia, is composed mostly of monogenetic centers. This contrast is due to different magma supply systems: a widespread fissure-type system beneath the PVD and a central-type magma supply system for the SVV. Volcanological, geophysical, and geochemical data show that magma viscosity, magma supply rate, and depth of magma storage are comparable at PVD and SVV, whereas different structural arrangements characterize the two areas. On the basis of geophysical data and magma geochemistry, an oblique-extensional tectonic regime is proposed within the PVD, whereas in the SVVarea a compressive stress regime dominates over extension. Geophysical data suggest that the area with the maximum deformation rate extends between the EW-running 41st parallel and the NE-running Magnaghi-Sebeto fault systems. The PVD extensional area is a consequence of the Tyrrhenian Sea opening and is decoupled from the surrounding areas (Roccamonfina and Somma-Vesuvius) which are still dominated by Adriatic slab dynamics. Spatially, we argue that the contribution of the asthenospheric wedge become much less important from W-NW to E-SE in the CP. The development of the two styles of volcanism in the CP reflects the different tectonic regimes acting in the area.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-25
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Volcanic styles ; Tectonic setting ; Neapolitan volcanic region ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    Format: 1655376 bytes
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