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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations  (12)
  • Plate tectonics  (12)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry  (11)
  • ddc:551.9
  • AGU  (29)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (8)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Physical Society
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  • 1
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    Large scale ground deformation of Etna observed by GPS between 1994 and 2001 (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-21
    Description: We have processed thirty Global Positioning System (GPS) campaigns carried out at Etna from 1994 to early 2001 between the last two main flank eruptions of the Mt. Etna (Sicily, Italy). This rest period allowed us to investigate the deep magma plumbing system of the Mt. Etna. The temporal dynamics of twenty-three points observed three times or more were analyzed. All the time series show a first-order linear trend during the five years period. It suggests that the volcano was continuously deformed by the action of a deep source while a discrete activity of the volcano was observed at the summit. We have interpreted the residual deformation field as the result of an major eastward motion of the eastern flank of the volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: L02309
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: NONE ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Soil CO2 emissions at Furnas volcano (São Miguel Island, Azores archipelago) - volcano monitoring perspectives, geomorphologic studies and land-use planning application (2011)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-12
    Description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Geophysical Research. Copyright (2010) American Geophysical Union.
    Description: Carbon dioxide (CO2) diffuse degassing structures (DDS) at Furnas Volcano (São Miguel Island, Azores) are mostly associated with the main fumarolic fields, evidence that CO2 soil degassing is the surface expression of rising steam from the hydrothermal system. Locations with anomalous CO2 flux are mainly controlled by tectonic structures oriented WNW-ESE and NW-SE and by the geomorphology of the volcano, as evidenced by several DDS located in depressed areas associated with crater margins. Hydrothermal soil CO2 emissions in Furnas volcano are estimated to be ~ 968 t d-1. Discrimination between biogenic and hydrothermal CO2 was determined using a 1 statistical approach and the carbon isotope composition of the CO2 efflux. Different sampling densities were used to evaluate uncertainty in the estimation of the total CO2 flux, and showed that a low density of points may not be adequate to quantify soil emanations from a relatively small DDS. Thermal energy release associated to diffuse degassing at Furnas caldera is about 118 MW (from an area of ~ 4.8 km2) based on the H2O/CO2 ratio in fumarolic gas. The DDS affect also Furnas and Ribeira Quente villages, which are located inside the caldera and in the south flank of the volcano, respectively. At these sites, 58% and 98% of the houses are built over hydrothermal CO2 emanations, and the populations are at risk due to potential high concentrations of CO2 accumulating inside the dwellings. Keywords: Soil diffuse degassing; soil CO2 flux; emission rates; Azores archipelago 2
    Description: Published
    Description: B12208
    Description: 3V. Proprietà chimico-fisiche dei magmi e dei prodotti vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Soil CO2 emissions ; Furnas volcano ; volcano monitoring. ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 3
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    Anomalies of mantle-derived helium during the 1997-1998 seismic swarm of Umbria-Marche, Italy (2009)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: More than 100 3 ~ e / 4i~soeto pe ratios were measured in CO,-dominated gas samples collected during the 1997-1 998 seismic crisis that shook the Umbria-Marche, Central Apennines, Italy. Although the gas emissions were located in a typical "crustal" environment the measured values delineate variable mixing proportions between mantle-derived and crustal helium. During the monitoring period anomalous 3 ~ e P r~atieos were observed, together with a significant increase of fluid outflows. The observed 3 ~ e Pa~noema lies appear to be driven by stress-induced crustal deformations affecting micro-fracturing and bulk permeability and, in turn, by a seismogenic-induced modification of the crustal permeability of rocks. Since crustal deformations can also occur aseismically, the geochemical anomalies must be considered indicators of processes occurring below the surface, which could eventually help to estimate the probability increase of an impending earthquake, instead of pure empirical precursors.
    Description: Published
    Description: 839-842
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: helium ; earthquakes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Tectonic features of the Lipari–Vulcano complex (Aeolian archipelago, Italy) from 10 years (1996–2006) of GPS data (2008)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The tectonic deformation of the Lipari-Vulcano complex, one of the most important active volcanic areas of Mediterranean region, is studied here through the analysis of ten years (1996-2006) of GPS data from both 3 permanent and 13 non-permanent stations. This area can be considered crucial for the understanding of the Eurasia-Africa plates interaction in the Mediterranean area, and, in general, this work emphasize a methodological approach, already applied in other areas worldwide (e.g. Shen et al., 1996, El-Fiki and Kato, 1999) where geodetic data and strain parameters maps of critical areas can help to improve our understanding of their geodynamical aspects. In this framework, this study is aimed at providing a kinematic deformation model on the basis of the dense geodetically estimated velocities of the Lipari-Vulcano complex. In particular, the observed deformation pattern can be described by a mix between 1) the main N-S regional compression and 2) a NNE-SSW compression with a small right-lateral strike slip component acting along a tectonic structure N°40W trending located between the two islands. This pattern was inspected through a simplified synthetic model.
    Description: This research has benefited from funding provided by the Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri – Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC).
    Description: Published
    Description: 370–377
    Description: 1.9. TTC - Rete GPS nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: GPS ; Aeolian Islands ; strain ; modelling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    HELIUM ISOTOPES AND TECTONICS IN SOUTHERN ITALY (2009)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Geodynamic evolution of southern Italy can be understood within the framework of the Mediterranean- Alpine System. Subduction of a plate along the Sicily- Calabrian forearc under the Tyrrhenian Sea has been suggested by many geophysicists, although it is not yet confirmed and remains somewhat controversial. Helium isotope ratios provide useful information on the geotectonic structure of the region. We report here the 3He/4He ratios of terrestrial gas samples from southern Italy. The observed 3He/4He ratios are relatively high in the Eolian volcanic arc region and low in the other areas. Dichotomous explanations are presented. Firstly volcanic arc-forearc hypothesis suggests the subduction along the Sicily-Calabrian forearc. Secondly horizontal transport hypothesis is described based on the relationship between the ratios and radial distance from the recent spreading basin in Southern Tyrrhenian Sea.
    Description: Published
    Description: 511-514
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: helium isotopes ; tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Dynamics of Mount Etna Volcano inferred from static and kinematic GPS measurements (2005)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Ground deformations measured on Mount Etna from late 1995 to mid-1998 using GPS observations are analyzed. Four GPS surveys were carried out during the considered period. In 1995 the GPS network consisted of 18 stations on the volcanic edifice and 6 stations around it. During the 1996 survey, 22 new monuments were added along a N-S profile crossing the summit craters area. This profile was surveyed by a semikinematic method, allowing greater spatial detail to be achieved on the uppermost part of the volcano. The comparisons between the GPS surveys are reported here in terms of horizontal and vertical displacements for each station and also in terms of areal dilatation and strain distribution. This last parameter continues its ascending trend, at a rate of ~5 μstrain yr−1, already shown in the previous period, after the end of the 1991–1993 flank eruption. Inversion of the ground deformation patterns permits investigation of the evolution of both the position and dynamics of magma reservoirs beneath the volcano, consistently associated with a general eastward sliding of its eastern sector. This study allows us to define the nonuniqueness of ground deformation sources through the investigated period, suggesting that the plumbing system of the volcano is made up of a complex system of single intrusions occurring at different times.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-15
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Mount Etna ; ground deformation ; GPS ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.05. Gravity variations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    Crustal dynamics of Mount Vesuvius from 1998 to 2005: Effects on seismicity and fluid circulation (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This paper presents the results of hydrogeochemical and seismological studies carried out at Mt. Vesuvius during the period June 1998 – December 2005. Hydrogeochemical data show the occurrence of slowly varying long-term variations in the total dissolved salts and bicarbonate contents of the groundwaters, accompanied by a general decline in water temperatures. The temporal distributions of air temperature and rainfall in the Vesuvius area suggest that these variations do not depend on changes in the hydrological regime. The changes in the geochemical parameters are accompanied by slight variations in both the seismicity rate and energy release. A further relationship between seismic activity and fluid discharge rate is highlighted by a particular episode that occurred in August 2005, when a soil thermal anomaly was observed a few weeks before the occurrence of a very shallow earthquake. Moment-tensor analysis of this earthquake suggests that the most plausible source mechanism is a shear faulting combined with the opening of tensile crack. This feature is often observed in volcanic areas and it is usually related to fluid-/gas-driven rock fracturing. The observed seismological, hydrological, and geochemical temporal changes are interpreted not as changes of the volcanic system, but in terms of an external forcing as identified in the variation of the regional and local stress field acting on the volcano. This study has inferences onto the evaluation of the state of activity of volcanic systems and the eventual detection of unrest phenomena.
    Description: Published
    Description: B05206
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Vesuvius ; seismicity ; fluid circulation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 8
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    Clues of postseismic relaxation for the 1915 Fucino earthquake (central Italy) from modeling of leveling data (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We study five high precision leveling lines located around the epicentral area of 13 January 1915, Mw = 6.7 Fucino earthquake (Italy), that possibly recorded late stage postseismic relaxation movements. The geodetic signal is expected to comprise both large-scale uplift of the Apennines and postseismic relaxation effects. In order to verify this hypothesis and to estimate the amount of each contribution, we compute gravitational visco-elastic postseismic relaxation by inverting leveling data. Results indicate that the elastic upper crust is relatively thin (about 10 km) and post-seismic contribution could be set at 30% of the geodetic signal. Model parameters are consistent with previous knowledge of the 1915 Fucino earthquake source, local seismic hypocentral determinations and crustal models derived from surface waves.
    Description: Published
    Description: L22307
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: postseismic slip ; leveling data ; 1915 Fucino earthquake ; modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Pre-seismic slip on the 26 September 1997, Umbria-Marche earthquake fault? Unexpected clues from the analysis of 1951-1992 elevation changes (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We studied 1951-1992 elevation changes recorded by a first order leveling line that intercepts the surface projection of the 26 Sep. 1997, Mw 6.0, Umbria-Marche earthquake causative fault. The line documents 1951-1992 localized subsidence along a 12 km section above the fault. We calculated the expected 1997 coseismic elevation changes along the line using standard dislocation modeling and found that their trend has an amplitude three times larger than the trend of the observed pre-1997 signal but with a similar shape. We suggest that this signal is the result of 10 cm of pre-1992 slip along the northernmost 5 km of the 1997 earthquake fault, where coseismic slip was found to be less than the average estimated for the entire fault. This result implies unusually fast slip along this section of the fault and may suggest slip acceleration in preparation for the impending failure.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1953-1956
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: pre-seismic slip ; leveling ; 1997 Umbria-Marche earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Mercury and halogen emissions from Masaya and Telica volcanoes, Nicaragua (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We report measurements of Hg, SO2, and halogens (HCl, HBr, HI) in volcanic gases from Masaya volcano, Nicaragua, and gaseous SO2 and halogens from Telica volcano, Nicaragua. Mercury measurements were made with a Lumex 915+ portable mercury vapor analyzer and gold traps, while halogens, CO2 and S species were monitored with a portable multi gas sensor and filter packs. Lumex Hg concentrations in the plume were consistently above background and ranged up to 350 ng/m3. Hg/SO2 mass ratios measured with the real-time instruments ranged from 1.1*10-7 to 3.5*10-5 (mean 2*10-5). Total gaseous mercury TGM)concentrations measured by gold trap ranged from 100 to 225 ng/m3. Reactive gaseous mercury accounted for 1% of TGM, while particulate mercury was 5% of the TGM. Field measurements of Masaya’s SO2 flux, combined with the Hg/SO2 ratio, indicate a Hg flux from Masaya of 7.2 Mg/a-1. At Masaya’s low temperature fumaroles, Hg/CO2 mass ratios were consistently around 2*10-8, lower than observed in the main vent (Hg/CO2 10-7). Low-temperature fumarole Hg fluxes from Masaya are insignificant (150 g a-1). Ratios of S, C and halogen species were also measured at Masaya and Telica volcanoes. CO2/SO2 ratios at Masaya ranged from 2.8 to 3.9, comparable to previously published values. At Masaya molar Br/SO2 was 3*10-4 and I/SO2 was 2*10-5, suggesting fluxes of 0.2–0.5 Mg HBr d-1 and 0.02–0.05 Mg HI d-1. At Telica the Br/SO2 ratio was also 3*10-4 and the I/SO2 ratio was 5.8*10-5, with corresponding fluxes of 0.2 Mg HBr d-1 and 0.06 Mg HI d-1. Gases at both volcanoes are enriched in I relative to Br and Cl, compared to gases from volcanoes elsewhere.
    Description: This work was funded by NERC grant NE/ C511180/1/.
    Description: Published
    Description: B06203
    Description: 4.5. Degassamento naturale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Mercury ; Halogen ; Volcanic emissions ; Masaya volcano ; Telica volcano ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 11
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    Strain accumulation in the southern Alps (NE Italy) and deformation (2006)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We use continuous GPS observations to investigate the rate of strain accumulation in the area affected by the 1976 Friuli earthquakes. Comparison between the motion predicted by the rigid-rotation of Adria and the shortening observed across the study area suggests that the 2.0 ± 0.2 mm/yr motion of Adria is entirely absorbed in the southern Alps through thrusting and crustal thickening with very little or no motion transferred to the north.We use elastic dislocation modelling to investigate the rate of interseismic loading and the geometry of the shear zone at depth. The best-fit solution indicates that a northward-dipping creeping dislocation, whose edge is located within a 50 km wide area beneath the southern Alps, accomodates 2.1 ± 0.5 mm/yr of the Adria motion. Limited resolution on locking depth (acceptable values between 0 and 25 km) and trade-off between dip and slip do not allow a precise reconstruction of the dislocation geometry. The range of acceptable model parameters is consistent with a 20 -dipping dislocation, locked above 10 km depth and slipping at 2.4 mm/yr, whose geometry is suggested by seismological informations.
    Description: Published
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: crustal deformation ; 1976 Friuli earthquakes ; Alps ; interseismic ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 12
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    Stromboli 2007 eruption: Deflation modeling to infer shallow-intermediate plumbing system. (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: During the effusive phase of the Stromboli 2007 eruption, the GPS and tilt stations recorded small but significant changes which, for the first time at this volcano, clearly indicated a deflation. We modeled the deflation, inferring a depressurizing vertically elongated source with centre under the volcano edifice about 2.8 km below sea level. The model, whose position is above the magma source region inferred by petrological studies, and the associated rapid deflation suggest a near free pathway for magma ascent from this source to the upper shallow conduit.
    Description: Published
    Description: L06311
    Description: 1.3. TTC - Sorveglianza geodetica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Stromboli ; 2007 eruption ; ground deformation ; modelling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
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  • 13
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    Paleoseismicity of the 1981 Corinth earthquake fault: Seismic contribution to extensional strain in central Greece and implications for seismic hazard (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present paleoseismological trenching results for the active Skinos Fault, which ruptured the surface on the Alkyonides Gulf basin margin in the 1981 Gulf of Corinth earthquake sequence. Three trenches expose evidence of up to six previous events which are comparable to the 1981 deformation in terms of size and geometry. Vertical displacement produced by the 1981 earthquake ranged from 0.45 to 1.3 m at the Bambakies Fan trench sites, decreasing towards the eastern fault tip east of the trenches. Trench 1 reveals two previous events with vertical displacements between 0.5 and 1.2 m since 390 A.D. Trench 2 reveals five or six previous events, but these are not dated. Trench 3 reveals four previous events since 670 A.D. Vertical displacements associated with interpreted paleoearthquakes at the trench sites are ≤1.2 m. The recurrence interval on the Skinos Fault is estimated to average 330 years. However, significant variation in recurrence interval is allowed by the available radiometric dates. Average vertical displacement rates derived from the trenches are in the range 0.7-2.5 mm/yr. A similar long-term average vertical displacement rate of 1.2-2.3 mm/yr is estimated for the lifespan of the basin-bounding fault. This equates to a horizontal seismic strain contribution of ≤2.5 mm/yr from the Skinos Fault. This local seismic strain rate overlaps, within error, with geodetically determined velocities across the Alkyonides Gulf assumed to represent uniform deep-crustal strain. Thus seismic deformation on the basin-bounding fault system may take up the major part of extension across the basin, and aseismic strain is not necessitated by the data. If correct, this would imply that geodetically determined strain rates may be used as a proxy for potential seismic moment release in seismic hazard analyses for this region.
    Description: Published
    Description: 30,001-30,019
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: palaeoseismology ; 1981 Corinth earthquake ; extensional strain ; Greece ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology
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  • 14
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    Geochemical Evidence of Melt Intrusions Along Lithospheric Faults of the Southern Apennines (Italy): Geodynamic and Seismogenic Implications (2010)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Several gas emissions, distributed along 200 km of the Southern Apennine axial zone, have been investigated. This portion of the sedimentary chain, which constitutes the accretionary prism of the westward subduction of the Adriatic plate, is subjected to a tensile stress field responsible of high-magnitude earthquakes. The studied emissions are generally CO2-dominated, have 3He/4He ratios in the range of 0.09-2.84 Ra, and display both 3He and 4He outputs in the range of those reported for the Italian active volcanoes Phlegrean Fields and Vulcano. The helium isotope ratios, together with the amount of released gas, indicate that a huge amount of mantle-derived helium is released over all the investigated area. Our geochemical data and the geophysical peculiarities of the region, such as the high heat flow and the low resistivity of rocks below a depth of 15 km, coherently indicate the presence of melt intruded into the crust along lithospheric faults. Magma intrusions along the axial part of the Southern Apennine sedimentary chain are certainly unusual, since volcanism in Central and Southern Italy is concentrated along the perityrrhenian margin of the peninsula. We suggest that melt is promoted by adiabatic uprise of the asthenosphere in the mantle wedge beneath the Apennines and it is subsequently intruded along tensile lithospheric faults, strongly affecting the thermal state of the lower crust. An inter-relation between the geodynamics, the melt intrusions and the genesis of the large earthquakes (up to M = 7.1) in the region is suggested.
    Description: Published
    Description: 13569-13578
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: melt intrusions ; gas geochemistry ; tectonic structures ; seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
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  • 15
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    Wind as a main driver of the net ecosystem carbon balance of a semiarid Mediterranean steppe in the South East of Spain (2012)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Despite the advance in our understanding of the carbon exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere, semiarid ecosystems have been poorly investigated and little is known about their role in the global carbon balance. We used eddy covariance measurements to determine the exchange of CO2 between a semiarid steppe and the atmosphere over 3 years. The vegetation is a perennial grassland of Stipa tenacissima L. located in the SE of Spain. We examined diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations in the net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) in relation to biophysical variables. Cumulative NECB was a net source of 65.7, 143.6 and 92.1 g C mˉ2 yrˉ1 for the 3 years studied, respectively. We separated the year into two distinctive periods: dry period and growing season. The ecosystem was a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere, particularly during the dry period when large CO2 positive fluxes of up to 15 μmol mˉ2 sˉ1 were observed in concomitance with large wind speeds. Over the growing season, the ecosystem was a slight sink or neutral with maximum rates of -2.3 μmol mˉ2 sˉ1. Rainfall events caused large fluxes of CO2 to the atmosphere and determined the length of the growing season. In this season, photosynthetic photon flux density controlled day-time NECB just below 1000 μmol mˉ2 sˉ1. The analyses of the diurnal and seasonal data and preliminary geological and gas-geochemical evaluations, including C isotopic analyses, suggest that the CO2 released was not only biogenic but most likely included a component of geothermal origin, presumably related to deep fluids occurring in the area. These results highlight the importance of considering geological carbon sources, as well as the need to carefully interpret the results of eddy covariance partitioning techniques when applied in geologically active areas potentially affected by CO2-rich geofluid circulation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 539–554
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: alpha grass ; carbon sequestration ; ecosystem respiration ; eddy covariance ; geogas ; geothermal activity ; grasslands ; net ecosystem carbon balance ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
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  • 16
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    Hydrogen in the gas plume of an open‐vent volcano, Mount Etna, Italy (2011)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We report here on the first hydrogen determinations in the volcanic gas plume of Mount Etna, in Italy, which we obtained during periodic field surveys on the volcano’s summit area with an upgraded MultiGAS. Using a specific (EZT3HYT) electrochemical sensor, we resolved H2 concentrations in the plume of 1–3 ppm above ambient (background) atmosphere and derived H2‐SO2 and H2‐H2O plume molar ratios of 0.002–0.044 (mean 0.013) and 0.0001–0.0042 (mean 0.0018), respectively. Taking the above H2‐SO2 ratios in combination with a time‐averaged SO2 flux of 1600 Gg yr−1, we evaluate that Etna contributes a time‐averaged H2 flux of ∼0.65 Gg yr−1, suggesting that the volcanogenic contribution to the global atmospheric H2 budget (70,000–100,000 Gg yr−1) is marginal. We also use our observed H2‐H2O ratios to propose that Etna’s passive plume composition is (at least partially) representative of a quenched (temperatures between 750°C and 950°C) equilibrium in the gas‐magma system, at redox conditions close to the nickel‐nickel oxide (NNO) mineral buffer. The positive dependence between H2‐SO2, H2‐H2O, and CO2‐SO2 ratios suggests that H2 is likely supplied (at least in part) by deeply rising CO2‐rich gas bubbles, fluxing through a CO2‐depleted shallow conduit magma.
    Description: Published
    Description: B10204
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 2.4. TTC - Laboratori di geochimica dei fluidi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Hydrogen ; Mount Etna ; Open-vent volcano ; plume ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.01. Geochemical exploration ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 17
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    Strain and stress fields in the Southern Apennines (Italy) constrained by geodetic, seismological and borehole data (2012)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present an improved evaluation of the current strain and stress fields in Southern Apennines (Italy) obtained through a careful analysis of geodetic, seismological and borehole data. In particular, our analysis provides an updated comparison between the accrued strain recorded by geodetic data, and the strain released by seismic activity in a region hit by destructive historical earthquakes. To this end, we have used 9 years of GPS observations (2001-2010) from a dense network of permanent stations, a dataset of 73 well constrained stress indicators (borehole breakouts and focal mechanisms of moderate to large earthquakes), and published estimations of the geological strain accommodated by active faults in the region. Although geodetic data are generally consistent with seismic and geologic information, previously unknown features of the current deformation in southern Italy emerge from this analysis. The newly obtained GPS velocity field supports the well-established notion of a dominant NE-SW-oriented extension concentrated in a ~50 km wide belt along the topographic relief of the Apennines, as outlined by the distribution of seismogenic normal faults. Geodetic deformation is, however, non uniform along the belt, with two patches of higher strain-rate and shear stress accumulation in the north (Matese Mountains) and in the south (Irpinia area). Low geodetic strain-rates are found in the Bradano basin and Apulia plateau to the east. Along the Ionian Sea margin of southern Italy, in southern Apulia and eastern Basilicata and Calabria, geodetic velocities indicate NW-SE extension which is consistent with active shallow-crustal gravitational motion documented by geological studies. In the west, along the Tyrrhenian margin of the Campania region, the tectonic geodetic field is disturbed by volcanic processes. Comparison between the magnitude of the geodetic and the seismic strain-rates (computed using a long historical seismicity catalogue) allow detecting areas of high correlation, particularly along the axis of the mountain chain, indicating that most of the geodetic strain is released by earthquakes. This relation does not hold for the instrumental seismic catalogue, as a consequence of the limited time span covered by instrumental data. In other areas (e.g. Murge plateau in central Apulia), where seismicity is very low or absent, the yet appreciable geodetic deformation might be accommodated in aseismic mode. Overall, the excellent match between the stress and the strain-rate directions in much of the Apennines indicates that both earthquakes and ground deformation patterns are driven by the same crustal forces.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1270-1282
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Satellite geodesy ; Plate motions ; Neotectonics ; Europe ; Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
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  • 18
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    Determining rheology from deformation data: The case of central Italy (2011)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Accepted for publication in Tectonics. Copyright (2010) American Geophysical Union
    Description: The study of geodynamics relies on an understanding of the strength of the lithosphere. However, our knowledge of kilometer-scale rheology has generally been obtained from centimeter-sized laboratory samples or from microstructural studies of naturally deformed rocks. In this study, we present a method that allows rheological examination at a larger scale. Utilizing forward numerical modeling, we simulated lithospheric deformation as a function of heat flow and rheological parameters and computed several testable predictions including horizontal velocities, stress directions, and the tectonic regime. To select the best solutions, we compared the model predictions with experimental data. We applied this method in Italy and found that the rheology shows significant variations at small distances. The strength ranged from 0.60.2 TN/m within the Apennines belt to 216 TN/m in the external Adriatic thrust. These strength values correspond to an aseismic mantle in the upper plate and to a strong mantle within the Adriatic lithosphere, respectively. With respect to the internal thrust, we found that strike-slip or transpressive, but not compressive, earthquakes can occur along the deeper portion of the thrust. The differences in the lithospheric strength are greater than our estimated uncertainties and occur across the Adriatic subduction margin. Using the proposed method, the lithospheric strength can be also determined when information at depth is scarce but sufficient surface data are available.
    Description: DPC-INGV project S1 (2008-2010)
    Description: In press
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Modelli per la stima della pericolosità sismica a scala nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Continental neotectonics ; Rheology and friction of fault zones ; Rheology: crust and lithosphere ; Mechanics, theory and modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 19
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    Diffuse hydrothermal methane output and evidence of methanotrophic activity within the soils at Sousaki (Greece) (2011)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Methane soil flux measurements have been made in 38 sites at the geothermal system of Sousaki (Greece) with the closed chamber method. Fluxes range from –47.6 to 29,150 mg m-2 d-1 and the diffuse CH4 output of the system has been estimated at 19 t a-1. Contemporaneous CO2 flux measurements showed a moderate positive correlation between CO2 and CH4 fluxes. Comparison of the CO2/CH4 soil flux ratios with the CO2/CH4 ratio of the gases of the main gas manifestations provided evidence for methanotrophic activity within the soil. Laboratory CH4 consumption experiments confirmed the presence of methanotrophic microorganisms in soil samples collected at Sousaki. Consumption was generally in the range from –4.9 to –38.9 pmolCH4 h-1 g-1 but could sometimes reach extremely high values (–33,000 pmolCH4 h-1 g-1.). These results are consistent with recent studies on other geothermal systems that revealed the existence of thermoacidophilic bacteria exerting methanotrophic activity in hot, acid soils, thereby reducing methane emissions to the atmosphere.
    Description: Published
    Description: 97–107
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Sousaki ; accumulation chamber ; soil degassing ; hydrothermal systems ; methane output ; methanotrophic activity ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 20
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    Static stress drop as determined from geodetic strain rates and statistical seismicity (2011)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Geophysical Researches. Copyright (2010) American Geophysical Union
    Description: Two critical items in the energetic budget of a seismic province are the strain rate, which is measured geodetically on the Earth’s surface, and the yearly number of earthquakes exceeding a given magnitude. Our study is based on one of the most complete and recent seismic catalogs of Italian earthquakes and on the strain rate map implied by a multi-year velocity solution for permanent GPS stations. For 36 homogeneous seismic zones, we used the appropriate Gutenberg Richter relation based on the seismicity catalog to estimate a seismic strain rate, which is the strain rate associated with the mechanical work due to a co-seismic displacement. The volume storing most of the elastic energy is associated with the long-term deformation of each seismic zone, and therefore, the seismic strain rate is inversely proportional to the static stress drop. The GPS-derived strain rate for each seismic zone limits the corresponding seismic strain rate, and an upper bound for the average stress drop is estimated. These results demonstrated that the implied regional static stress drop ranged from 0.1 to 5.7 MPa for catalog earthquakes in the moment magnitude range [4.5–7.3]. These results for stress drop are independent of the “a” and “b” regional parameters and heat flow but are very sensitive to the assumed maximum magnitude of a seismic province. The data do not rule out the hypothesis that the stress drop positively correlates with the time elapsed after the largest earthquake recorded in each seismic zone.
    Description: The research was supported by Project S1 2007-2009 of Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia and Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, Rome.
    Description: In press
    Description: 1.9. Rete GPS nazionale
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Modelli per la stima della pericolosità sismica a scala nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: earthquakes ; seismic hazard ; geodesy ; b-value ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 21
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    Geodetic strain in peninsular Italy between 1875 and 2001 (2006)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-27
    Description: We determine geodetic strain in peninsular Italy by the GPS reoccupation of the first order triangulation network of Italy installed from 1860. The uncertainties in the original measurements (about 3 ppm), and the time span between the two observations, imply that tectonic signals larger than about 0.03 ppm/yr are resolvable. Along the Apenninic belt, where the largest earthquakes are concentrated, the geodetic deformation has a clear and consistent strain pattern between adjacent regions, well above the uncertainties, and shows a pervasive NE-SW extension. Along the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic coasts the geodetic signal is not homogeneous and is comparable with the uncertainty in the original measurements. Seismic deformation, calculated over the same time interval, agrees well with estimated extensional direction, but the magnitudes of geodetic and seismic strain differ suggesting that, in part of the Apennines, significant strain accumulation over the past 130 years may not have been released in earthquakes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Italy ; Tectonic Strain ; crustal deformation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 173511 bytes
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  • 22
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    Geofluids and natural gas in Romania, and the 10th International Conference on Gas Geochemistry (2010)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This thematic issue of Geofluids includes 11 papers representing the three main topics discussed in the 10th edition of the International Conference on Gas Geochemistry (ICGG-10): (i) gas in petroleum systems and seepage, (ii) gas in geothermal systems and volcanoes and (iii) gas, seismicity and geohazards. ICGG-10 was held in 2009 in Romania, a country extraordinarily rich in surface gas manifestations, that offers innumerable opportunities for innovative studies on gas geochemistry. We briefly describe the present knowledge on gases occurring both in petroliferous sedimentary basins and geothermal areas of Romania. The 11 contributions of this special issue, which include data from eight countries, are then summarised. Based on these papers and other works presented at the ICGG-10, we find that significant advances in analytical capabilities, data treating and interpretation have led to innovative insights into the origin, distribution and environmental impact of gases migrating to the Earth’s surface. It is increasingly clear, in particular, that gas geochemistry can be more effective for petroleum exploration, volcano-tectonic, geodynamic and environmental studies, if multiparametric studies are performed and the data are interpreted in the geological context.
    Description: Published
    Description: 457-462
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: geothermal gas ; international conference on gas geochemistry ; natural gas ; romania ; seeps ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 23
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    Do tree species affect decadal changes in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks in Danish common garden experiments? (2021)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd | Oxford, UK
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-01
    Description: Temperate forest soils are often considered as an important sink for atmospheric carbon (C), thereby buffering anthropogenic CO2 emissions. However, the effect of tree species composition on the magnitude of this sink is unclear. We resampled a tree species common garden experiment (six sites) a decade after initial sampling to evaluate whether forest floor (FF) and topsoil organic carbon (Corg) and total nitrogen (Nt) stocks changed in dependence of tree species (Norway spruce—Picea abies L., European beech—Fagus sylvatica L., pedunculate oak—Quercus robur L., sycamore maple—Acer pseudoplatanus L., European ash—Fraxinus excelsior L. and small‐leaved lime—Tilia cordata L.). Two groups of species were identified in terms of Corg and Nt distribution: (1) Spruce with high Corg and Nt stocks in the FF developed as a mor humus layer which tended to have smaller Corg and Nt stocks and a wider Corg:Nt ratio in the mineral topsoil, and (2) the broadleaved species, of which ash and maple distinguished most clearly from spruce by very low Corg and Nt stocks in the FF developed as mull humus layer, had greater Corg and Nt stocks, and narrow Corg:Nt ratios in the mineral topsoil. Over 11 years, FF Corg and Nt stocks increased most under spruce, while small decreases in bulk mineral soil (esp. in 0–15 cm and 0–30 cm depth) Corg and Nt stocks dominated irrespective of species. Observed decadal changes were associated with site‐related and tree species‐mediated soil properties in a way that hinted towards short‐term accumulation and mineralisation dynamics of easily available organic substances. We found no indication for Corg stabilisation. However, results indicated increasing Nt stabilisation with increasing biomass of burrowing earthworms, which were highest under ash, lime and maple and lowest under spruce. Highlights We studied if tree species differences in topsoil Corg and Nt stocks substantiate after a decade. The study is unique in its repeated soil sampling in a multisite common garden experiment. Forest floors increased under spruce, but topsoil stocks decreased irrespective of species. Changes were of short‐term nature. Nitrogen was most stable under arbuscular mycorrhizal species.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaff (DFG)
    Keywords: ddc:551.9 ; ddc:631.41
    Language: English
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  • 24
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    Origin and flux of a gas seep in the Northern Alps (Giswil, Switzerland) (2010)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Natural gas seeps in the Alpine region are poorly investigated. However, they can provide useful information regarding the hydrocarbon potential of sedimentary Alpine units and related geofluid migration, typically controlled by pressurized gas accumulations and tectonics. A gas seep located near Giswil, in the Swiss Northern Alps, was investigated, for the first time, for molecular and isotopic gas composition, methane flux to the atmosphere, and gas flux variations over time. The analyses indicated that the gas was thermogenic (CH4 〉 96%; d13C1: )35.5& to )40.2&) and showed evidence of subsurface petroleum biodegradation (13C-enriched CO2, and very low C3+ concentrations). The source rock in the region is marine Type II kerogen, which is likely the same as that providing thermogenic gas in the nearby Wilen shallow well, close to Lake Sarnen. However, the lack of d13CCO2 and d13C3 data for that well prevented us from determining whether the Wilen and Giswil seeps are fed by the same reservoir and seepage system. Gas fluxes from the Giswil seep, measured using a closedchamber system, were significant and mainly from two major vents. However, a substantial gas exhalation from the soil occurs diffusely in an area of at least 115 m2, leading to a total CH4 output conservatively estimated to be at least 16 tonnes per year. Gas flux variations, monitored over a 1-month period by a special tent and flowmeter, showed not only daily meteorological oscillations, but also an intrinsic ‘pulsation’ with periods of enhanced flux that lasted 2–6 h each, occurring every few days. The pulses are likely related to episodes of gas pressure build-up and discharge along the seepage system. However, to date, no relationship to seismicity in the active Sarnen strike-slip fault system has been established.
    Description: Published
    Description: 476-485
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Alps ; isotopes ; methane ; organic geochemistry ; seeps ; Switzerland ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 25
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    Inspecting the Reliability of Geochemical Facies Identified for the Waterworks' Capture Zone in Germany (2022)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd | Malden, US
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-27
    Description: Little research attention has been given to validating clusters obtained from the groundwater geochemistry of the waterworks' capture zone with a prevailing lake‐groundwater exchange. To address this knowledge gap, we proposed a new scheme whereby Gaussian finite mixture modeling (GFMM) and Spike‐and‐Slab Bayesian (SSB) algorithms were utilized to cluster the groundwater geochemistry while quantifying the probability of the resulting cluster membership against each other. We applied GFMM and SSB to 13 geochemical parameters collected during different sampling periods at 13 observation points across the Barnim Highlands plateau located in the northeast of Berlin, Germany; this included 10 observation wells, two lakes, and a gallery of drinking production wells. The cluster analysis of GFMM yielded nine clusters, either with a probability ≥0.8, while the SSB produced three hierarchical clusters with a probability of cluster membership varying from 〈0.2 to 〉0.8. The findings demonstrated that the clustering results of GFMM were in good agreement with the classification as per the principal component analysis and Piper diagram. By superimposing the parameter clustering onto the observation clustering, we could identify discrepancies that exist among the parameters of a certain cluster. This enables the identification of different factors that may control the geochemistry of a certain cluster, although parameters of that cluster share a strong similarity. The GFMM results have shown that from 2002, there has been active groundwater inflow from the lakes towards the capture zone. This means that it is necessary to adopt appropriate measures to reverse the inflow towards the lakes.
    Description: Article impact statement: The probability of cluster membership quantified using an algorithm should be validated against another probabilistic‐based classifier.
    Description: Federal Ministry of Education and Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
    Keywords: ddc:551.9 ; ddc:551.49
    Language: English
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  • 26
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    Slow Deformation and Transmission of Stress in the Earth (1989)
    AGU
    In:  Washington D. C., AGU, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 2-203, (ISBN: 3-540-41598-X)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Stress ; Vanicek
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 27
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    Plate kinematics in a global and European scale by Lageos laser data from 1983 to 1990 (1993)
    AGU
    In:  Professional Paper, Contribution of Space Geodesy to Geodynamics: Crustal Dynamics, Washington, AGU, vol. 23, no. Subvol. b, pp. 311-329, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; ranging ; Geodesy ; Review article
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 28
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    Space geodesy and plate motions (1993)
    AGU
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Contribution of Space Geodesy to Geodynamics: Crustal Dynamics, Washington, AGU, vol. 23, no. 16, pp. 5-20, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; ranging ; Geodesy ; Review article
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 29
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    Deep Structure and Past Kinematics of Accreted Terranes (1989)
    AGU
    In:  Washington D. C., AGU, vol. 5, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN 0-89871-521-0)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Plate tectonics ; Geol. aspects ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust)
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 30
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    Plate Boundary Zones (2002)
    AGU
    In:  Washington, D.C., vii + 425 pp., AGU, vol. 30, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 95-104, (ISBN 0-87590-532-3, AGU Code: GD0305323)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Plate tectonics ; Seismicity ; Seismology
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 31
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    Plate Reconstruction from Paleozoic Paleomagnetism (1984)
    AGU
    In:  Washington, D.C., AGU, vol. 12, no. ALEX(01)-FR-77-01, AFTAC Contract F08606-76-C-0025, pp. 329, (ISBN: 0-444-50309-9)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; Geomagnetics ; Handbook of geophysics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 32
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    Seismicity pattern in the South Iceland Seismic Zone (1981)
    AGU
    In:  Professional Paper, Earthquake Prediction, Washington, D.C., AGU, vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 141-151, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; Seismicity ; Volcanology ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake precursor: statistical anal. of seismicity ; Stefansson
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  • 33
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    Seismic and aseismic slip along subduction zones and their tectonic implications (1977)
    AGU
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Island Arcs, Deep Sea Trenches and Back Arc Basins, Washington, D.C., AGU, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 163-174, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Subduction zone ; Seismicity ; Tectonics ; Plate tectonics ; Creep observations and analysis
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 34
    facet.materialart.
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    Epeirogeny and plate tectonics (1980)
    AGU
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Plate Tectonics. Selected Papers from Publications of the AGU, Washington, D.C., AGU, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 444-455, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Plate tectonics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 35
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    Evolution of Mid Ocean Ridges (1989)
    AGU
    In:  Washington D. C., AGU, vol. 8, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 9, (3-540-24165-5, XXVI + 228 p.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Plate tectonics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 36
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    The global moment rate distribution within plate boundary zones (2002)
    AGU
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Plate Boundary Zones, Washington, D.C., AGU, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 173-190, (ISBN 0-87590-532-3, AGU Code: GD0305323)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Strain ; GSRM ; map ; Paleomagnetism ; Plate tectonics ; Seismicity
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  • 37
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    Kinematics of the South American subduction zone from global plate reconstructions (1983)
    AGU
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Geodynamics of the Eastern Pacific Region, Caribbean and Scotia Arcs, Washington, D.C., AGU, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 113-125, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Subduction zone ; Review article ; Cabre
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
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