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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This Special Issue provides an update on the state of the art and current trends in polymeric drug delivery systems specifically designed for improving drug bioavailability. The multiple contributions received further strengthen the role of polymers in modern drug delivery and targeting, illustrating the different approaches possible and unveiling what the future may bring.
    Keywords: Histoplasma capsulatum ; PLGA ; Itraconazole ; macrophage ; functionalized nanoparticle ; F4/80 receptor ; rutin ; nanocrystals ; anti-inflammatory ; hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin ; nanoparticles ; budesonide ; chitosan ; colon delivery ; eudragit ; pellets ; ferrisilicate ; PEG ; insulin ; encapsulation ; diabetic mellitus ; polypeptides ; drug delivery ; doxorubicin ; cancer ; topology of poly-l-cystein ; antimicrobial ; antifouling ; pH sensitivity ; zwitterionic polymers ; gamma radiation ; copolyester ; SPION ; cysteine ; bioconjugation ; and enzymatic release ; polymeric nanoparticles ; drug delivery and targeting ; ocular posterior segment ; oxidative stress ; retinal degeneration ; nerve growth factor ; peanut agglutinin ; zebrafish ; molecular dynamics simulation ; interaction energy ; hydrogen bonding ; solid dispersion ; hot melt extrusion ; amorphous formulation ; tacrolimus ; sucrose acetate isobutyrate ; amorphous solid dispersion ; dissolution ; stability ; pharmacokinetics ; phytomedicine ; nanosponges ; lactoferrin ; bioavailability ; MDA-MB-231 cells ; caspase-3 ; cyclin-D1 ; dendrimers ; Janus nanoparticles ; biocompatibility ; nanoformulation ; pharmaceuticals ; 3D printing ; hybrid scaffold ; polycaprolactone ; vancomycin ; mesenchymal stem cells ; tissue engineering ; drug delivery systems (DDSs) ; osteomyelitis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Lipid-based nanosystems, including solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), cationic lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and liposomes, have been extensively studied to improve drug delivery through different administration routes. The main advantages linked to these systems are the ability to protect, transport, and control the release of lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules (either small molecular weight or macromolecules); the use of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) excipients that minimize the toxicity of the formulations; and the possibility to modulate pharmacokinetics and enable the site-specific delivery of encapsulated payloads. In addition, the versatility of lipid-based nanosystems has been further demonstrated through the delivery of vaccines, protection of cosmetic actives, or improvement in the moisturizing properties of cosmetic formulations. Currently, lipid-based nanosystems are well established, and there are already different commercially approved formulations for different human disorders. This success has actually paved the way to diversifying the pipeline of development, upon addressing unmet medical needs for several indications, such as cancer; neurological disorders; and autoimmune, genetic, and infectious diseases. This Special Issue aims to update readers on the latest research on lipid-based nanosystems, both at the preclinical and clinical levels.
    Keywords: design of experiment ; porcine mucous membrane ; ophthalmic tissues ; permeation ; nanostructured lipid carriers ; gentiopicroside ; phospholipid complex ; self-nanoemulsion drug delivery system ; oral bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; antioxidants ; marine bio-waste ; bioactive compounds ; neurodegenerative diseases ; NLC ; solid lipid nanoparticles ; SLN ; intranasal administration ; nose-to-brain ; exosome ; drug loading ; exosomal delivery ; large-scale production ; lipid nanoparticles ; mucoadhesion ; ocular bioavailability ; surface modification ; liposomes ; baricitinib ; JAK-inhibitor ; transepidermal delivery ; skin permeation ; lipid NPs ; breast cancer ; siRNA delivery ; gene silencing ; personalized therapy ; bimatoprost ; central composite design ; glaucoma ; HET-CAM test ; solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) ; perillyl acid ; biodistribution ; empty lipid nanoparticles ; reactogenicity ; xenobiotics ; ionizable lipids ; isoniazid ; in vivo pharmacokinetics ; drug release profile ; histopathological toxicity ; mannosylation ; nanocarriers ; Chagas disease ; Trypanosoma cruzi ; in vivo assays ; quality by design ; plumbagin ; diabetes ; in vitro ; niosomes ; levosulpiride ; antidepressant ; acute toxicity ; in vivo imaging ; bioavailability ; cisplatin ; co-encapsulation ; mifepristone ; synergism ; gefitinib ; lipid ; surfactant ; stability ; breast cancer cell ; MTT assay ; anticancer ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Drought and climate change have decreased water availability for agriculture in arid and semiarid regions, and therefore efficiency enhancements in irrigation water management aimed at conserving water are key to adjust to limits in water supply, as well as improve the profitability and sustainability of agricultural production. Agricultural water management tools and practices that reduce water uses with acceptable impacts on crop production are viable strategies required to cope with diminished water supplies and generate new sources of irrigation water. This Special Issue focuses on “Agricultural Water Conservation: Tools, Strategies, and Practices”, which aims to bring together a collection of recent cutting-edge research and advancements in applied agricultural water conservation. It provides a broad overview focusing on irrigation decision support systems, drought management plans, deficit irrigation strategies, soil mulching, surface and subsurface drip irrigation, conservation tillage, and optimal water and fertilizer management practices.
    Keywords: drought stress ; protein content ; rainfed ; yield stability ; wheat ; water quality ; agro-ecological wetland ; irrigation ; nutrients ; ecological status ; drought ; water scarcity ; risk-based approach ; drought management plan ; assessment protocol ; river basin scale ; rice ; water footprint ; nutrient use efficiency ; productivity ; profitability ; benefit-cost ratio ; physiological traits ; rainwater harvesting system ; rain-fed conditions and ridge-furrow mulching ; correlation ; environment ; humic acid ; PCA analysis ; rain-fed ; wheat varieties ; mulching ; spearmint ; yield ; ecophysiology ; essential oil ; hydrogel ; irrigation deficit ; mandarin ; proline ; irrigation emitter ; hydraulic performance ; energy dissipation mechanism ; structural design ; computational fluid dynamics ; food–water–energy nexus ; nitrate leaching ; precision agriculture ; water productivity ; irrigation management ; soil moisture ; potato fertigation ; leaf area index ; root mass density ; real water productivity ; field water balance ; subsurface pipe drainage ; soil salinity ; saline groundwater ; winter wheat ; numerical simulation ; cowpea ; deficit irrigation ; zinc ; amino acid ; biofortification ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) is an advanced quantitative approach focusing on individualized treatment optimization. MIPD integrates mathematical models of drugs and diseases combined with individual patient characteristics (e.g., genotype, anthropometric factors, and organ function). MIPD has been highlighted as a useful tool for drug dosage selection in both the drug development process and clinical practice and it is a rapidly growing discipline that is supported by the main drug regulatory agencies. Despite the potential benefits of this methodology toward personalized medicine, its application is still limited. The Special Issue presented here includes several PKPD and PBPK models focused on improving the current state of art regarding the PK behaviour of different drugs with the aim of improving the efficacy/safety balance of these treatments and their clinical outcome; the Special Issue is intended to be of particular interest for clinical pharmacologists, pharmacometricians, and specific clinicians who routinely use the considered drugs.
    Keywords: model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) ; efficacy PKPD indexes ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; PKPD modeling and simulation ; dosing algorithms ; nomograms ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Nowadays, diet-related non-communicable diseases and their complications are one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Food supplements and functional foods are considered food products which contribute to the achievement of optimal nutritional well-being, health status, and quality of life through reducing the risk of diseases and promoting the appropriate function of human organs and systems. Nowadays, the assessment of these functional foods and the study of their implications in nutrition and health are important challenges in societies of developed countries where consumers increasingly demand foods with added value beyond the provision of nutrients and the satisfaction of appetite. In this reprint, the characterization of the nutritional composition and phytochemicals of functional foods and food supplements as well as the evaluation of their potential health benefits in different disorders and diseases through clinical trials or preliminary studies are addressed.
    Keywords: food supplement ; folic acid ; pregnancy ; food safety ; health claims ; nutrition ; Amazonian fruits ; composition ; metabolic effects ; royal jelly ; acetylcholine ; fatty acid ; ophthalmology ; dry eye ; magnesium ; pharmacy ; food supplements ; drugstore ; functional foods ; healthy eating ; credibility ; extrinsic attributes ; conjoint analysis ; Mediterranean diet ; phytonutrients ; dietary recommendations ; healthy diet ; polyphenols ; flavonoids ; carotenoids ; organosulfur ; caffeine ; antidiabetic activity ; antioxidant activity ; inhibition of α-glucosidase ; inhibition of α-amylase ; inhibition of collagenase ; kombucha ; bacteria ; yeast ; metagenome ; metabolome ; tea polyphenols ; antioxidants ; Glossogyne tenuifolia ; exercise ; forelimb grip strength ; lactate ; ammonia ; creatine kinase ; medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) ; obesity ; energy expenditure ; diet-derived fat ; postprandial resting metabolism ; sedentary ; octanoic acid ; decanoic acid ; creatine ; magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; cost-effectiveness ; brain ; muscle ; healthcare ; anthocyanins ; organosulfur compounds ; tannins ; phenolic acids ; Persea americana ; non-alcoholic liver disease ; liver enzymes ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; novel foods ; novel ingredients ; extracts ; risk assessment ; dietary supplements ; HPLC ; food authenticity ; neural tube defects ; food ; food analysis ; food ingredients ; infant formula ; kynurenic acid ; (poly)phenol-based supplement ; pharmacokinetics ; urinary excretion ; bioavailability ; inter-individual variability ; non-invasive brain stimulation ; TMS ; a-tDCS ; indicaxanthin ; brain food ; cortical excitability ; homeostatic plasticity ; trans-resveratrol ; regulation ; labels ; nutrition claims ; high-performance thin-layer chromatography ; HPTLC ; glutamine ; intestinal stem cells ; crypt ; proliferation ; burns ; micronutrient ; health claim ; labeling ; European legislation ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue aims to highlight how plant breeding could contribute to strengthening sustainability in field crop production by integrating the application of modern technologies and tools. This Reprint contains eleven articles focusing on the most recent topic of plant breeding.
    Keywords: target-site resistance ; ahas ; als ; Triazolopyrimidine herbicide ; Lolium rigidum ; winter cereals ; CO2 enrichment ; drought stress ; WUE ; climate change ; Helianthus ; sunflower ; morphological ; sustainable ; glyphosate ; pesticide ; residue ; pollution ; weed control ; organic plant production ; barley ; Pyrenophora teres f. teres ; net blotch disease ; biotic stress ; superoxide dismutase ; antioxidant enzyme ; cereals ; water shortage ; carbon dioxide ; root development ; Triticum aestivum L. ; wheat ; seed germination ; seedling development ; germination time ; low-temperature stress ; leaf discolouration ; seedling stage ; SSR markers ; near-isogenic line ; rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; pepper ; general defence response ; tissue retention ; hypersensitivity response ; resistance breeding ; Agrobacterium-mediated transformation ; functional genomics ; Solanum lycopersicum L. ; Micro-Tom ; DsRed fluorescence ; Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; soil salinity stress ; adaptation ; environmental share ; interaction ; plant breeding ; sustainability ; pepper breeding ; bacterial spot resistance ; Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue is a collection of research topics on developing analytical and bioanalytical methods for isolation, identification, and determination of substances in biomedical and pharmaceutical matrices. Special attention is given to advancements in sample preparation, separation techniques and novel detection methods of small molecules, peptides, and monoclonal antibodies. The presented analytical methods exhibit several applications, including pharmacokinetic studies, therapeutic drug monitoring, microdialysis, toxicology, disease screening or drug stability study. Two comprehensive review articles were also presented on applying capillary electrophoresis to analyze bioactive compounds in herbal matrices.
    Keywords: CNS ; sulfasalazine ; brain to plasma ratio ; LC-ESI-TOF-MS ; rituximab ; quadripolar mass spectrometer ; albumin depletion ; pharmacokinetics ; orbitrap mass spectrometer ; IgG-immunocapture ; bubble-generating magnetic liposomes ; bionic membrane ; permeable compounds ; herbal medicines ; LC–MS ; capillary electrophoresis ; herbal ; raw material ; tea ; polyphenols ; flavonoids ; amino acids ; coumarins ; alkaloids ; chlorambucil and valproic acid ; HPLC-UV and GC-MS methods ; optimization and validation ; determination in plasma ; combined anticancer therapy ; herbal drugs ; medicinal plants ; quality control ; quantitative analysis ; pharmaceutical analysis ; 4-acetamidobenzoic acid ; validation ; pharmacokinetic ; pigs ; LC-MS/MS ; iron determination ; spectrophotometry ; flow analysis ; direct injection detector ; multi-pumping flow system ; medical errors ; hospital workflow ; patient safety ; Raman spectroscopy ; IV drugs ; piperacillin ; tazobactam ; non-invasively ; vildagliptin ; remogliflozin ; ratio derivative spectrophotometry ; determination ; formulation ; ecofriendly ; confidence interval ; stability ; retrospective analysis ; sample size ; regulatory bioanalysis ; bioanalytical method validation ; heparin ; metal–organic framework ; zeolite imidazolate framework-8 ; kinetic ; thermodynamic ; Oncheong-eum ; traditional herbal prescription ; method development ; method validation ; high-performance liquid chromatography ; thalassemia ; human hemoglobin ; wooden-tip electrospray ionization ; multiply charged ions ; mass spectrometry ; multiply charged ion ; GC–MS ; analytical QbD ; genotoxic impurity ; alkyl halide ; (Q)SAR ; analytical method development ; tyrosine kinase inhibitor ; liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry ; active metabolite ; therapeutic drug monitoring ; chronic lymphocytic leukemia ; assay error equation ; oral anticancer drug ; IWR-1-endo ; Wnt signaling inhibitor ; solid-phase extraction ; cerebral microdialysis ; bioanalysis ; Tafamidis ; polymorphs ; crystal structure ; powder diffraction ; thermal stability ; blood collection tubes ; citrate anticoagulant ; direct spectrometric determination ; quality control method ; anticoagulant concentration ; draw volume ; anticoagulant volume ; magnesium contamination ; potassium contamination ; Agrimonia pilosa ; apigenin-7-O-glucuronide ; cream ; HPLC-DAD ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The survival of plants under stressful environments requires the study of the mechanisms that help in reversing the adverse impacts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) excessively generated under these conditions. Understanding the mechanisms helps in adopting strategies to induce such mechanisms for the better acclimation of plants. These ROS, if not scavenged, cause damage of cellular components, including lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites, and, in extreme cases, even the death of cells in plants. Confronted with abiotic stress, there is an initial elevation in ROS that activates redox signaling to initiate defense in plants through the activation of antioxidant activity. The improvement in the capacity of antioxidant machinery is one of the essential strategies with which to develop tolerance and relieve the pressure of abiotic-stress-induced oxidative changes for the survival of plants. This reprint provides knowledge on the following aspects: Impact of abiotic stress factors and the response of antioxidant machinery to changing abiotic stress conditions, as well as strategies with which to strengthen antioxidant machinery for the survival of plants; Strategies to improve the tolerance mechanisms of plants against abiotic stress factors; Roles and the mechanisms of the plant signaling molecules/growth modifiers/mineral nutrients/hormones/other elicitors in relieving the impacts of abiotic stresses; The utilization of approaches such as genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, ionomics, and nutiomics to strengthen antioxidant machinery and make plant life easier under abiotic stress conditions.
    Keywords: tomato ; photosynthesis ; root growth ; oxidative damage ; melatonin ; drought ; gene expression ; toxic metals/metalloid ; nanoparticles ; phytohormones ; phytoremediation ; reactive oxygen species ; antioxidant enzymes ; heavy metal stress ; ubiquitination ; protein degradation ; gas exchange features ; osmotic adjustment ; water deficiency ; water-use-efficiency ; antioxidant defense ; arabidopsis ; bioinformatic analysis ; SlBAG genes ; SlBAG9 ; Solanum lycopersicum ; antioxidants ; oxidative stress ; marker-free transgenic rice ; mature seed-derived calli ; pea DNA helicase 45 ; salinity stress tolerance ; ethylene response factor ; flooding stress ; metallothionein ; monodehydroascorbic acid reductase ; resistant cultivar ; respiratory burst oxidase ; sensitive cultivar ; biochemical metabolites ; plant growth ; stigmasterol ; wheat ; polyamine ; iron-deficiency ; transcriptomics ; BAG9 ; Hsps ; thermotolerance ; ethylene ; hydrogen sulfide ; nitric oxide ; rice ; Arabidopsis ; metabolome ; ROS ; rohitukine ; ascorbate peroxidase ; catalase ; hydrogen peroxide ; NADP dehydrogenases ; NADPH oxidase ; salt stress ; superoxide dismutase ; seed priming ; spermine ; chromium ; S1fa transcription factor ; cell wall ; yeast ; antioxidant enzyme ; heat stress ; betaine ; seed germination ; physiology ; biochemistry ; Hibiscus cannabinus ; physiological changes ; bioactive constituents ; antioxidant capacity ; bioactive molecules ; carotenoids ; flavonoids ; osmotic stress ; phenolic acids ; secondary metabolites ; exogenous spermidine ; lettuce ; transcriptome ; vanadium stress ; sweet potato ; antioxidant defense system ; stomatal traits ; antioxidant systems ; Cu stress ; leucine ; nitrogen metabolism ; peach ; polyamine uptake protein ; Put2 ; ascorbate ; Dittrichia ; glutathione ; thallium toxicity ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: When adopting remote sensing techniques in precision agriculture, there are two main areas to consider: data acquisition and data analysis methodologies. Imagery and remote sensor data collected using different platforms provide a variety of information volumes and formats. For example, recent research in precision agriculture has used multispectral images from different platforms, such as satellites, airborne, and, most recently, drones. These images have been used for various analyses, from the detection of pests and diseases, growth, and water status of crops to yield estimations. However, accurately detecting specific biotic or abiotic stresses requires a narrow range of spectral information to be analyzed for each application. In data analysis, the volume and complexity of data formats obtained using the latest technologies in remote sensing (e.g., a cube of data for hyperspectral imagery) demands complex data processing systems and data analysis using multiple inputs to estimate specific categorical or numerical targets. New and emerging methodologies within artificial intelligence, such as machine learning and deep learning, have enabled us to deal with these increasing data volumes and the analysis complexity.
    Keywords: vineyard ; pesticide application ; variable rate application ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; satellite ; nanosatellite ; monsoon crops ; leaf area index ; leaf chlorophyll concentration ; crop water content ; multispectral ; hyperspectral ; deep learning ; forage dry matter yield ; high-throughput phenotyping ; Brazilian pasture ; nitrogen indicator ; nitrogen nutrition diagnosis ; optical sensor ; spectral index ; UAV ; wheat lodging ; lightweight ; digital surface model (DSM) ; winter wheat ; fractional order differential ; continuous wavelet transform ; optimal subset regression ; support vector machine ; wheat powdery mildew ; machine learning ; information fusion ; remote sensing monitoring ; hyperspectral imaging ; dimensionality reduction ; LDA ; PLS ; PCA ; RandomForest ; ReliefF ; XGB ; Meloidogyne ; Solanum tuberosum ; soil salinity sensitive parameter ; random forest ; optimal retrieval model ; remote sensing ; high throughput phenotyping ; UAV/drone ; biomass estimation ; oats ; wheat ; yield prediction ; random forests ; satellite imagery ; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Plants under natural conditions often face multiple stresses, including drought, salinity, temperature extremes, submergence stress, bacteria, viruses, fungi, insects, etc. These biotic and abiotic stresses negatively influence plant growth and productivity. Various approaches have recently been used to overcome stresses in plants. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies to improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. This will help reduce production losses and increase crop tolerance to various stresses. It is now the time to make a difference by developing plants that can withstand biotic and abiotic stresses.
    Keywords: antioxidants ; drought ; oxidative stress ; pearl millet ; redox implications ; ROS ; chlorophyll fluorescence efficiency ; photosynthetic responses ; enzyme activity ; sugarcane ; smut ; circadian clock ; reactive oxygen species ; Al-induced PCD ; photoperiodism ; peanut ; phylogenetic ; virus-induced gene silencing ; transgenic lines ; physiological and biochemical analysis ; Glycine max L. ; PR proteins ; chitinase ; genome-wide ; plant stresses ; crop residues ; profitability ; soil fertility ; soil biology ; allelopathy ; heat shock protein 20 ; maize ; abiotic stress ; yeast-one-hybrid ; abiotic stresses ; cotton ; hormones ; signaling pathway ; WRKY ; papaya (Carica papaya) ; brassicales ; late embryogenesis abundant protein ; orthogroup ; expression profile ; artificial light ; auxins ; chicory ; callus cells ; inulin ; plant growth regulators ; milk thistle ; secondary metabolites ; ecotypes ; salinity ; growth attributes ; biotic stress ; phenolic compounds ; seaweed ; Dendrobium catenatum ; lipase ; multi-omics ; expression pattern ; gene family ; bio-fertilizer ; ionic homeostasis ; organic amendments ; vermicompost ; cold stress ; PKS5 ; stomatal aperture ; microbiota ; natural farming ; physical factors ; physiological changes ; signal transduction and stressed conditions ; Rhizobium leguminosarum ; PGPR ; Triticum aestivum L. ; cadmium stress ; tolerance ; ascorbate ; glutathione ; malondialdehyde ; chlorophylls ; disease gradient ; disease outbreak ; Puccinia ; wheat stripe rust ; plant epidemic ; dispersal ecology ; alternative plant vitrification solution ; ammonium-free medium ; cytotoxicity ; droplet-vitrification ; endangered species ; liquid overlay ; regrowth medium ; within-plant phenotypic plasticity ; combined stresses ; additive ; antagonistic and synergic effects ; VOCs ; potassium ; soybean ; water logging ; yield ; non-thermal plasma ; plant defense ; glucosinolates ; nitriles ; RNA sequencing ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Bt toxins ; Cry1Ah1 transgenic poplar ; ecology ; environment ; rhizosphere ; candidate genes ; drought tolerance ; crop improvement ; climate change ; adaptation ; Chenopodium quinoa Willd. ; genotypes ; Sahara ; Algeria ; chitosan ; pathogen ; sustainable ; plant protection ; tomato ; melatonin ; photosynthesis ; climate changes ; antioxidant system ; Malus seedlings ; NaCl treatments ; membrane damage ; osmotic regulation ; archives ; botanical collection ; Greece ; landscape ; pre-rebellion period ; wheat ; priming ; Aspergillus niger ; qRT-PCR ; wilting ; TLP ; β-1,3-glucanase ; biostimulants ; biofertilizers ; soil microorganisms ; phytostimulator ; jewel sweet potato ; shoot tip ; axillary bud ; different MS salts concentration ; micropropagation ; plant performance ; C4 species ; heterozygosity ; transient soil salinity ; soil layers ; desertification ; arid regoins ; total flavonoid ; phenolics ; antioxidant activity ; centella ; Na+ content ; molecular markers ; MAS ; oilseeds ; SSRs ; molecular breeding ; dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) transcription factors ; gene expression ; mosses ; stress tolerance ; common centaury ; salinity stress ; antioxidative protection ; sodium nitroprusside ; proteomic analysis ; drought stress ; sorghum ; RNS ; RSS ; signaling ; post-translational modification ; microorganisms ; stressful conditions ; sustainability ; nutrition ; Brassicaceae ; Cicer arietinum L. ; chlorophyll a fluorescence transient ; physiological and biochemical traits ; high temperature ; chocolate spot disease ; Botrytis fabae ; faba bean ; antioxidant enzymes ; protein banding and anatomy ; actinobacteria ; Streptomyces tuirus ; chilli fruit rot ; Colletotrichum scovillei ; Colletotrichum truncatum ; Fusarium oxysporum ; liquid bio-formulation ; corn smut ; fungus infection ; MDA ; proline ; quality ; halophytes ; Tripolium pannonicum ; hydrogen peroxide ; cell wall extensibility ; cell wall polysaccharide ; coleoptile ; growth inhibition ; lead (Pb) ; rice ; Bactrocera oleae ; spinosad ; kaolin ; organic oliviculture ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; leaf gas exchange ; physiological traits ; BAG (Bcl-2-associated anthanogene) family proteins ; molecular chaperone ; metabolomics ; metabolic responses ; metabolites variation ; surveillance ; Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ; comprehensive control ; distribution ; screen house ; Copper hyperaccumulation ; stress mitigation ; EDTA and IAA ; sunflower ; Fusarium wilt ; conventional breeding ; molecular makers ; QTLs ; genomics ; transcriptomics ; metabolomics and proteomics ; bread wheat ; AMF ; zinc ; growth parameters ; osmolyte ; osmoprotector ; ionic attributes ; PGPBs ; growth-promoting fungi ; crop productivity ; plant tolerance ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; aerobic rice ; soil enzymes ; phosphorus utilization ; P-deficient ; plant growth promotion ; chickpea ; selection indices ; drought tolerant genotypes ; abiotic and biotic stress ; CRISPR ; mega nucleases ; TALEN ; ZFN ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Plants show different strategies for coping with stress factors. They develop various types of adaptations to avoid the stressor or to activate defense reactions consisting of damage repair and running alternative metabolic pathways. This Special Issue, “What Makes the Life of Stressed Plants a Little Easier? Defense Mechanisms against Adverse Conditions”, contains several original articles that deal with such changes that occur at the level of the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, as well as structural adaptations in response to a stress factor. It also provides four review articles on drought stress, metal stress, various abiotic stress responses of cultivated beet, and crosstalk between Ca2+ and other regulators in stress signaling.
    Keywords: water deficit ; cold stress ; water content ; photosynthesis ; anatomy ; secondary metabolites ; antioxidants ; bioaccumulation ; copper toxicity ; hydroponics ; translocation factor ; F-box protein ; SCF complex ; stress response ; WD40 repeat-like protein ; wheat ; peroxidase ; ascorbate peroxidase ; catalase ; yield index ; Brachypodium distachyon ; cold acclimation ; microbiome ; amplicon and shotgun sequencing ; metagenomics ; Pseudomonas ; Streptomyces ; beet cultivation ; abiotic stress ; alkaline ; cold ; heat ; heavy metals ; stress tolerance ; ultraviolet radiation ; acidic soils ; abiotic stress tolerance ; proteomic studies ; two dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) ; × Triticosecale Wittmack ; auxin-related compound ; Bryophyllum calycinum ; indole-3-acetic acid ; methyl jasmonate ; plant hormone dynamics ; secondary abscission ; PERK ; kinase ; RT-qPCR ; promoter ; drought ; heat stress ; Ca2+ ; abiotic stress response ; Ca2+ sensors ; signal transduction ; abiotic stress tolerance calcium ; abscisic acid ; chloroplast degeneration ; malondialdehyde ; nanoparticles ; oxidative stress ; drought stress ; osmolytes ; antioxidant enzymes ; phytohormones ; antifungal secondary metabolites ; biocontrol ; abnormal germ tube suppression of appressoria ; Streptomyces sp. ; adaptation ; priming ; defense mechanisms ; metallophyte ; phytoremediation ; tolerance ; Armeria maritima ; electrical conductivity ; functional differences ; ion accumulation ; non-ionic osmolytes ; osmotic adjustment ; potassium ; salinity ; sodium ; tissue culture ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Amid challenging environmental conditions throughout their life cycle, plants display an extraordinary ability to sense, process, and respond to a diverse array of stimuli with adaptability. The complexity of their stress responses unfolds across various levels—physiological, biochemical, transcriptomic, and cellular—demanding a profound comprehension of the intricate mechanisms at work. These stresses intertwine, triggering cellular damage and initiating a cascade of responses within plants. Critical growth phases under severe stress encounter mechanical damage and alterations in cellular macromolecule synthesis. While plants possess inherent defense mechanisms against oxidative damage, excessive oxygen production overwhelms their detoxification capacity, leading to detrimental reactions like loss of osmotic responsiveness, wilting, and necrosis. This reprint undertakes a comprehensive analysis, exploring multiple perspectives such as gas exchange, metabolomics, proteomics, isotopic, and genomic approaches, to unveil the drivers and specific strategies that empower plants to adapt to stressful growth conditions. By examining trait selection, phenotypic plasticity, and other factors, this reprint uncovers the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying plant resilience amidst adversity. A valuable resource for scientists, academics, and professionals, this reprint unveils the mysteries of plant resilience and productivity, fostering innovative strategies for sustainable agriculture in our ever-changing world.
    Keywords: allelopathic potential ; chemical composition ; phenolics ; Acacia melanoxylon ; Lactuca sativa ; HPLC seedling growth Flavonoides ; Cadmium ; heavy metal ; food security ; oxidative damage ; antioxidants ; intercropping ; lodging tolerance ; agronomical management ; lignin metabolism ; resistance genes ; salinity ; Chenopodium quinoa ; biomass ; functional plant traits ; biochemical traits ; genotypes ; yield ; salt stress ; heat stress ; photosynthesis ; antioxidant enzymes ; HSPs ; QTLs ; omics ; rice ; nitrogen ; water stress ; drought ; antioxidant ; reactive oxygen species ; reactive nitrogen species ; canopy temperature ; water soluble carbohydrates ; stay green ; seed yield ; Camellia oleifera ; Arachis hypogaea ; soil nutritional status ; soil quality ; cropping pattern ; silvicultural methods ; sustainable production ; stable isotope ; isotopic composition ; C and N cycling ; vegetation type ; soil health ; nitric oxide ; salinity stress ; antioxidant system ; osmolytes ; photosystem II ; Na+/H+ antiporters ; Triticum aestivum L. ; weed suppression ; allelochemicals ; sorgoleone ; benzoquinone ; cropping systems ; Lathyrus odoratus ; seed priming ; seawater ; proline ; SiNPs ; wheat ; antioxidant capacity ; grain quality ; alveographic parameters ; alpha-lipoic acid ; cysteine ; biochar ; alkaline soils ; abiotic stress ; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; fatty acids ; Zea mays L. ; lowland rice ; terminal water stress ; grain yield ; stress indices ; stress tolerance ; bioactive ; desert ; irrigated ; flavonoid ; phenol ; phytochemistry ; n/a ; Hordeum vulgare ; stable isotope composition of carbon and nitrogen ; saline water stress ; isotope ecology ; yield stability ; ion homeostasis ; spinach ; paracetamol ; degradation ; growth parameters ; chlorophyll florescence ; photosynthetic pigments ; elements ; microbes ; bioethanol ; salt tolerance ; water deficit conditions ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; photosynthetic efficiency ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue published one editorial, eight articles and four reviews from approximately one hundred authors. It aimed to provide cutting-edge research on pre-clinical development and the clinical translation of radiopharmaceuticals within the molecular imaging community. The Special Issue covered radioligand development, existing radiotracer optimization, imaging agent evaluation in animal models, the clinical production of radiopharmaceuticals, and investigative research on the use of molecular imaging probes in human subjects. We appreciate all the authors’ significant contributions to this Special Issue and hope the readers will enjoy the content.
    Keywords: nanoparticle ; multimodal imaging ; photoacoustic ; heterobivalent peptide ; Alzheimer’s disease ; amyloid-beta ; animal model ; astrocyte ; blood–brain barrier ; imaging ; metabolism ; microglia ; neuroinflammation ; neurotransmitter receptors ; positron emission tomography ; synaptic density ; vascular imaging ; FDG ; PET/CT ; microvasculature imaging ; ABC-transporter ; drug-induced liver injury ; hepatotoxicity ; organic anion-transporting polypeptide ; pharmacokinetics ; liver function ; SLC-transporter ; V/Q PET/CT ; [68Ga]Ga-MAA ; 68Ga-labelled carbon nanoparticles ; glioblastoma ; fluorescence guided surgery ; 5-ALA ; fluorescein ; NIR-AZA ; magnetic resonance imaging ; high resolution ; hybrid imaging ; psychiatric disorders ; extracellular vesicles (EVs) ; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) ; diabetes ; I-124 ; positron emission tomography (PET) ; intravenous (I.V.) administration ; intra-arterial (I.A.) administration ; biodistribution ; fluorine-18 ; PET ; oxime ; PSMA ; lipophilicity ; radiometals ; copper-61 ; liquid targets ; post-processing ; [61Cu]Cu-DOTA-NOC ; [61Cu]Cu-DOTA-TOC ; [61Cu]Cu-DOTA-TATE ; FAP ; 99mTc-FAP inhibitor ; 99mTc-labeled iFAP ; tumor microenvironment ; SPECT ; GluN1/2B receptors ; NMDA ; [3H]ifenprodil ; σ1 and σ2 receptors ; receptor occupancy ; PET imaging ; drug development ; neurodegenerative diseases ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint covers a wide range of topics including, but not limited to, new analytical and bioanalytical methods relevant to the separation, identification, and determination of substances in pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, nanobiotechnology, clinical chemistry, and related disciplines; methods for the identification of bioactive compounds in functional foods and medicinal plants; applications of chromatography and allied techniques in biomedical sciences.
    Keywords: wild rice ; antioxidant ; macroporous resins ; LC-MS/MS ; phenolics ; procyanidins ; osimertinib ; UPLC-TOF-MS ; rat ; pharmacokinetics ; carbonyl derivatization ; phenylhydrazine ; phenylenediamine ; hydroxylamine ; water analysis ; lipoxidation ; lisdexamfetamine dimesylate ; impurities ; structural elucidation ; forced degradation ; HPLC validation ; chemical constituent profiles of Sinisan ; chinese medicine processing ; chinese medicinal formula compatibility ; Dendropanax morbifera leaf ; xanthine oxidase ; hyperuricemia ; HPLC ; advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) ; Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) ; Nε-(carboxyethyl) lysine (CEL) ; antler velvet processing ; UPLC-MS/MS ; Cinnamomum yabunikkei leaf ; elastase ; Citrus junos Seib ex TANAKA ; rhKGF-1 ; rhKGF-2 ; bioactivity ; cell-based bioassay ; method validation ; CYP450 enzyme ; cocktail probe drug ; RT-PCR ; galangin ; affecting factors ; amadori compound ; furosine ; Maillard reaction ; velvet antler processing ; Brazilian green propolis ; phenolic acids ; UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS ; quantitation ; methodological verification ; Glycyrrhizae Radix extract ; glycyrrhizin ; isoliquiritigenin ; liquiritigenin ; liquiritin ; LC–MS/MS analysis ; desoxo-narchinol A ; Nardostachys jatamansi ; bioavailability ; silybin ; silymarin product ; comparative pharmacokinetics ; ginsenosides ; red ginseng extract ; human ; acanthus ilicifolius herb ; phenylethanoid glycosides ; C.tricuspidata Bureau ; tyrosinase ; dialyzable leukocyte extract ; Transferon® ; complex mixture of peptides ; quality specifications ; biological potency ; development and validation ; Dioscorea nipponica Makino ; steroidal saponin ; HPLC-UV ; UPLC-QTOF/MS ; validation ; osteosarcoma ; apoptosis ; epinastine ; comparison ; SH-1242 ; 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromen-6-yl)ethanone ; HPLC-MS/MS ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint is an excellent collection of articles that deal with difficult-to-treat infections in the ICU environment. Multiresistant bacteria and fungi create severe treatment problems to the physician charged with their care. We hope that this book will help everyday dilemmas and add useful information on difficult topics.
    Keywords: Acinetobacter ; pandrug-resistant ; antimicrobial combinations ; synergy ; renal replacement therapy ; Monte Carlo simulation ; antibiotics ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; microbiome ; probiotics ; intensive care unit ; dysbiosis ; ventilator-associated pneumonia ; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ; ECMO ; critical illness ; antibiotic choices ; HAP ; VAP ; colonization ; antibiotic pressure ; bloodstream infection ; bacteraemia ; sepsis ; septic shock ; empirical ; probabilistic antibiotics ; source control ; de-escalation ; ICU ; intensive care ; antimicrobial stewardship ; COVID-19 ; procalcitonin ; C-reactive protein ; presepsin ; infection ; biomarker ; guided antimicrobial therapy ; APACHE II score ; bacteremia ; broth microdilution ; colistin ; colistin-resistant ; Gram-negative ; mortality ; SOFA score ; candidemia ; incidence ; epidemiology ; Candida species ; non-albicans Candida species ; fluconazole resistance ; critically ill ; beta-lactam antibiotics ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; antibiotic optimisation ; antibiotic stewardship (AMS) ; aspiration pneumonia ; hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) ; multidrug-resistance (MDR) ; non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) ; polymicrobial ; pneumonia resolution ; ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) ; carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAb) ; infection control ; antimicrobial agents ; carbapenems ; antibiotic resistance ; clinical pharmacy services ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; salvage treatment ; double carbapenem ; newer β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitors ; cefiderocol ; eravacycline ; SARS-CoV-2 infection ; mechanical ventilation ; risk factors ; blood stream infection ; defined daily dose ; antibiotics utilization ; empiric ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Keywords: Laurus nobilis ; medicinal plant ; mobile genomic elements ; germplasm characterization ; Mediterranean region ; chloroplast ; Ipomoea batatas ; simple sequence repeat ; sweet potato ; plant germplasm ; landrace rice ; fat-soluble nutraceuticals ; β-sitosterol ; genetic variability ; cluster analysis ; Solanum melongena ; germplasm ; Greece ; islands ; mainland ; phenotyping ; genotyping ; mineral composition ; landraces ; genetic diversity ; genetic structure ; Panax ginseng ; Triticum turgidum ; HMW glutenins ; LMW glutenins ; gluten quality ; non-allelic interactions ; combined analysis ; evolution ; genetic resources ; Zea mays ; Blumeria graminis ; disomic addition line ; molecular cytogenetics ; wheat ; Psathyrostachys huashanica ; natural variation ; maize ; root length ; domestication selection ; ZmMADS60 gene ; genetic basis ; GWAS ; eating and cooking qualities ; rice ; genetic variation ; eggplant ; cropping condition ; yield ; agro-morphological characterization ; chili pepper ; gene bank ; molecular markers ; morphological descriptor ; DArTseq markers ; GBS ; Triticum aestivum ; starch ; SNP ; InDel ; CAPS ; intron-loss ; NGS ; phosphorus use efficiency ; phosphorus ; proteomics ; grain hardness ; PIN ; kernel texture ; triticum ; SKCS ; Cucumis sativum ; downy mildew ; genetics ; inheritance ; oomycetes ; resistance ; rice genotypes ; blast resistant genotype ; genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) ; phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) ; heritability values ; DArT SNP markers ; early maturity ; heat and drought tolerance ; salt stress ; nitrogen metabolism ; oxidative stress response ; G6PDH ; GDH ; GS/GOGAT ; Triticum aestivum L. ; γ-gliadins ; Gli-B1 ; polymorphism ; PCR analysis ; ginseng ; genetic composition ; SSR ; fonio ; fonio millet ; white fonio ; Digitaria exilis ; agro morphological descriptors ; phenotypic diversity ; neglected and underutilized species (NUS) ; genetic improvement ; catechin ; phytochemicals ; targeted-oriented core collection ; tea germplasm ; agronomic performance ; correlation analysis ; malawi ; pigeonpea ; yield stability ; bermudagrass ; forage breeding ; genetic parameters ; genotype by harvest interaction ; Tifton 85 ; accessions ; descriptors ; anthracnose ; Colletotrichum lentis ; disease screening ; lentil ; plant resistance ; tall wild pea ; Pisum sativum subsp. elatius ; neoplasm ; pea weevil ; Bruchus pisorum ; expressivity ; Africa ; cowpea ; microsatellites ; Aegilops ; triticale ; leaf rust ; stripe rust ; yellow rust ; Puccinia ; drought ; Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; plant breeding ; rhizobia ; stress ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Vols 1 and 2 contain 57 papers in the Special Issue of ‘Plant Genomics 2009’ and cover a wide range of topics, highlighting the significant progress that has been made in recent years in our understanding of the genetics and genomics of plants’ growth, development, and stress responses. These studies provide valuable insights into the potential applications of genomic tools and technologies for crop improvement and sustainable agriculture, as well as fundamental questions about the evolution and function of plant genes and genomes.
    Keywords: Aristolochia ; chloroplast genome ; molecular evolution ; compare analysis ; phylogeny ; brassinosteroid-signaling kinase ; gene family ; expression profile ; alternative splicing ; intron retention ; genome-wide analysis ; drought tolerance ; foxtail millet ; LIM genes ; transgenic rice ; protein phosphatase (PP2C) ; cotton ; syntenic relationships ; expression patterns ; evolutionary analysis ; Populus trichocarpa ; multiple organellar RNA editing factor ; drought stress ; RNA editing ; genome ; β-glucosidase ; Brassica rapa ; BrBGLU10 ; pollen development ; co-expression analysis ; VQ genes family ; Eucalyptus grandis ; expression pattern ; plant hormones ; abiotic stress ; calcium-dependent protein kinases ; CDPK-related kinases ; cucurbitaceae ; hst1 ; Na+ accumulation ; SNP ; rapid generation advance ; salt tolerant ; variant annotation ; whole-genome sequencing ; expression ; genome-wide ; identification of peroxidase genes ; duplication pattern ; stress ; cassava ; ABCDE model ; cereals ; evolutionary relationships ; flower organ identity ; floral speciation ; MADS-box genes ; maize ; ZmTCP ; natural variation ; subgroup IId ; CsWRKY7 ; flowering ; Arabidopsis ; Camellia sinensis ; pomegranate ; sequence diversity ; site-specific selection ; tomato ; MADS-box ; floral organ ; fruit development ; polygalacturonase (PGs), pectin methylesterase (PMEs), collinearity analysis ; gene duplications ; expression profiling ; grapevine ; Rehmannia glutinosa L. ; replant disease ; rhizosphere microbes ; NB-LRR ; plant hormone ; apple ; aquaporin ; functional analysis ; stress tolerance ; Salicaceae ; phylogenetic relationship ; plastid genome ; comparative genomics ; repeat sequences ; stress marker genes ; sesame ; gene co-expression ; abiotic stress tolerance ; hub genes ; meta-analysis ; agrobacterium ; transient expression ; virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) ; tobacco rattle virus (TRV) ; cassava (Manihot esculenta) ; chalcone synthase ; chromatin accessibility ; epigenetic inheritance ; genetic engineering ; methylation ; ODNs ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; genome editing ; plant breeding ; multiplex genome editing ; crop improvement ; TALEN ; ZFN ; biotic stress ; avocado ; carotenoid biosynthesis ; mesocarp ; seed ; de novo assembly from short read sequencing ; full-length transcript sequencing ; differentially expressed genes ; gene dosage ; pigment ; turnip ; gene expression ; antioxidant ; nutritional quality ; B3 superfamily ; transcription factor ; ovule abortion ; Vitis vinifera ; expression analysis ; cold response ; Pittosporum tobira ; leaf variegation ; linoleic acid ; ROS scavenging enzyme ; heat shock protein ; invasive weed ; Rhizoctonia solani ; phytohormone signaling ; systemic signal ; plant defense ; calcium signaling ; ABA ; drought ; salinity ; citrulline ; genome-wide association study ; haplotype ; watermelon ; acetolactate synthase ; ferrochelatase ; rice ; large grain gene ; large grain-isogenic Koshihikari ; fine mapping ; NGS ; GW2 ; co-integration ; gene recombination ; semidwarf gene ; d60 ; linkage ; chromosome 2 ; Brachypodium ; comparative chromosome barcoding ; dysploidy ; karyotype structure and evolution ; model grass genus ; molecular cytogenetics ; polyploidy ; plant genome ; artificial microRNA ; gene silencing ; Lagerstroemia indica ; ornamental value ; anthocyanins ; leaf coloration ; directional improvement ; YABBY ; pineapple ; subcellular localization ; oak species identification ; Quercus ; mutation hotspots ; Centranthera grandiflora Benth ; transcriptome ; catalpol biosynthesis ; acteoside biosynthesis ; azafrin biosynthesis ; wheat ; Dasypyrum villosum ; alien substitution line ; GISH ; molecular marker ; marker-assisted selection ; regulation ; RNA-seq ; biosynthesis pathway ; chalcones ; stilbenes ; common bean ; Fusarium oxysproum ; plant–pathogen interaction ; metabolome ; evolution ; genome fractionation ; ABC transporters ; transcription factors ; transposable elements ; whole-genome duplication ; RNA-sequencing ; ChIP-sequencing ; transcriptional regulatory mechanism ; data integration ; karyopherin ; solanum tuberosum ; chemical fungicide ; disease control ; Neoscytalidium dimidiatum ; royal poinciana ; stem canker ; UAE ; bioinformatics ; VvGAST ; GASR ; Cis-elements ; wheat genome ; kernel hardness ; Puroindoline ; Puroindoline b-2 variants ; genotype-to-phenotype association ; synteny ; phylogenetic analysis ; genomic selection ; missing data ; minor allele frequency ; GDSL lipase ; GPAT6 ; cutin ; habaneros ; Capsicum chinense ; fruit ; RNA-Seq ; flax ; genome-wide association study (GWAS) ; single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; prediction accuracy ; quantitative trait loci (QTL) ; quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) ; Fabaceae ; Lupinus ; glutamine synthetase (GS) ; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) ; gene families ; duplication/triplication ; structural genomics ; genome organization ; genome evolution ; microRNA ; miRNA156 ; seed development ; fatty acid synthesis ; linseed flax ; anthocyanin biosynthetic genes ; cis-regulatory motifs ; DEGs ; network analysis ; qRT-PCR ; reddish purple Chinese cabbage ; abscisic acid ; flavonolignans ; metabolite profiling ; Silybum marianum ; silymarin ; aquaporins ; bright yellow-2 suspension cells ; Nicotiana tabacum ; substrate specificity ; TaCKX1 ; TaCKX expression ; grain yield ; cytokinins ; phytohormones ; RNAi ; wheat spikes ; genome-wide identification ; 2OGD family ; hormone biosynthetic and metabolism genes ; tomato fruit ripening ; DNA methylation ; phenomics ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Plants under natural conditions often face multiple stresses, including drought, salinity, temperature extremes, submergence stress, bacteria, viruses, fungi, insects, etc. These biotic and abiotic stresses negatively influence plant growth and productivity. Various approaches have recently been used to overcome stresses in plants. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies to improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. This will help reduce production losses and increase crop tolerance to various stresses. It is now the time to make a difference by developing plants that can withstand biotic and abiotic stresses.
    Keywords: antioxidants ; drought ; oxidative stress ; pearl millet ; redox implications ; ROS ; chlorophyll fluorescence efficiency ; photosynthetic responses ; enzyme activity ; sugarcane ; smut ; circadian clock ; reactive oxygen species ; Al-induced PCD ; photoperiodism ; peanut ; phylogenetic ; virus-induced gene silencing ; transgenic lines ; physiological and biochemical analysis ; Glycine max L. ; PR proteins ; chitinase ; genome-wide ; plant stresses ; crop residues ; profitability ; soil fertility ; soil biology ; allelopathy ; heat shock protein 20 ; maize ; abiotic stress ; yeast-one-hybrid ; abiotic stresses ; cotton ; hormones ; signaling pathway ; WRKY ; papaya (Carica papaya) ; brassicales ; late embryogenesis abundant protein ; orthogroup ; expression profile ; artificial light ; auxins ; chicory ; callus cells ; inulin ; plant growth regulators ; milk thistle ; secondary metabolites ; ecotypes ; salinity ; growth attributes ; biotic stress ; phenolic compounds ; seaweed ; Dendrobium catenatum ; lipase ; multi-omics ; expression pattern ; gene family ; bio-fertilizer ; ionic homeostasis ; organic amendments ; vermicompost ; cold stress ; PKS5 ; stomatal aperture ; microbiota ; natural farming ; physical factors ; physiological changes ; signal transduction and stressed conditions ; Rhizobium leguminosarum ; PGPR ; Triticum aestivum L. ; cadmium stress ; tolerance ; ascorbate ; glutathione ; malondialdehyde ; chlorophylls ; disease gradient ; disease outbreak ; Puccinia ; wheat stripe rust ; plant epidemic ; dispersal ecology ; alternative plant vitrification solution ; ammonium-free medium ; cytotoxicity ; droplet-vitrification ; endangered species ; liquid overlay ; regrowth medium ; within-plant phenotypic plasticity ; combined stresses ; additive ; antagonistic and synergic effects ; VOCs ; potassium ; soybean ; water logging ; yield ; non-thermal plasma ; plant defense ; glucosinolates ; nitriles ; RNA sequencing ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Bt toxins ; Cry1Ah1 transgenic poplar ; ecology ; environment ; rhizosphere ; candidate genes ; drought tolerance ; crop improvement ; climate change ; adaptation ; Chenopodium quinoa Willd. ; genotypes ; Sahara ; Algeria ; chitosan ; pathogen ; sustainable ; plant protection ; tomato ; melatonin ; photosynthesis ; climate changes ; antioxidant system ; Malus seedlings ; NaCl treatments ; membrane damage ; osmotic regulation ; archives ; botanical collection ; Greece ; landscape ; pre-rebellion period ; wheat ; priming ; Aspergillus niger ; qRT-PCR ; wilting ; TLP ; β-1,3-glucanase ; biostimulants ; biofertilizers ; soil microorganisms ; phytostimulator ; jewel sweet potato ; shoot tip ; axillary bud ; different MS salts concentration ; micropropagation ; plant performance ; C4 species ; heterozygosity ; transient soil salinity ; soil layers ; desertification ; arid regoins ; total flavonoid ; phenolics ; antioxidant activity ; centella ; Na+ content ; molecular markers ; MAS ; oilseeds ; SSRs ; molecular breeding ; dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) transcription factors ; gene expression ; mosses ; stress tolerance ; common centaury ; salinity stress ; antioxidative protection ; sodium nitroprusside ; proteomic analysis ; drought stress ; sorghum ; RNS ; RSS ; signaling ; post-translational modification ; microorganisms ; stressful conditions ; sustainability ; nutrition ; Brassicaceae ; Cicer arietinum L. ; chlorophyll a fluorescence transient ; physiological and biochemical traits ; high temperature ; chocolate spot disease ; Botrytis fabae ; faba bean ; antioxidant enzymes ; protein banding and anatomy ; actinobacteria ; Streptomyces tuirus ; chilli fruit rot ; Colletotrichum scovillei ; Colletotrichum truncatum ; Fusarium oxysporum ; liquid bio-formulation ; corn smut ; fungus infection ; MDA ; proline ; quality ; halophytes ; Tripolium pannonicum ; hydrogen peroxide ; cell wall extensibility ; cell wall polysaccharide ; coleoptile ; growth inhibition ; lead (Pb) ; rice ; Bactrocera oleae ; spinosad ; kaolin ; organic oliviculture ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; leaf gas exchange ; physiological traits ; BAG (Bcl-2-associated anthanogene) family proteins ; molecular chaperone ; metabolomics ; metabolic responses ; metabolites variation ; surveillance ; Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ; comprehensive control ; distribution ; screen house ; Copper hyperaccumulation ; stress mitigation ; EDTA and IAA ; sunflower ; Fusarium wilt ; conventional breeding ; molecular makers ; QTLs ; genomics ; transcriptomics ; metabolomics and proteomics ; bread wheat ; AMF ; zinc ; growth parameters ; osmolyte ; osmoprotector ; ionic attributes ; PGPBs ; growth-promoting fungi ; crop productivity ; plant tolerance ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; aerobic rice ; soil enzymes ; phosphorus utilization ; P-deficient ; plant growth promotion ; chickpea ; selection indices ; drought tolerant genotypes ; abiotic and biotic stress ; CRISPR ; mega nucleases ; TALEN ; ZFN ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint focuses on proteins as critical components of plant cell walls. They contribute not only to the overall architecture of the walls but also to the rearrangement of the cell wall polymers to enable growth, differentiation, and appropriate responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, thus allowing the adaptation of plants to their changing environment. Different experimental approaches are illustrated and the roles of a set of protein families are described. Moreover, new concepts involving the role of cell wall proteins in organ morphogenesis through calcium signaling are discussed.
    Keywords: Brachypodium ; cell wall ; nucleus ; zygotic embryo ; arabinogalactan proteins ; cellulose ; pectin ; matricellular proteins ; SOS5 ; periostin ; Mpb83 ; cellulase ; glycosyl hydrolase family 9 ; carbohydrate binding module (CBM) ; bioinformatics ; RT-qPCR ; morphogenesis ; cell wall protein ; hechtian oscillator ; calcium signaling ; H+-ATPase ; nutrients ; root system architecture ; Glycine max ; XTH gene family ; transgenic soybean ; plant genome ; plant hormone ; flooding ; root plasticity ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Class III peroxidase ; Medicago truncatula ; microdomains ; phylogenetics ; plasma membrane ; protein–protein interaction ; Oryza sativa ; tonoplast ; Zea mays ; pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI), pectin ; homogalacturonan (HG) ; cell wall properties ; degree of methylesterification (DM) ; stress ; development ; applications ; fasciclin-like AGP ; FLA ; evolution ; phylogeny ; plant cell wall ; proteome ; monocot ; stiff brome ; rice ; sugarcane ; Brachypodium distachyon ; Saccharum spp. ; extensins ; immunohistochemistry ; leaf ; temperature stress ; plant cell walls ; plasmodesmata ; callose ; callose synthase ; DUF642 family ; homogalacturonans ; plant development ; pectins ; EXO70 ; exocyst complex ; phosphatidic acid ; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ; phospholipids ; plasma membrane domains ; polar exocytosis ; trichome ; phosphate starvation ; Pi mobilization ; roots ; grain ; remodeling ; polysaccharide ; wheat ; Phyllotaxis ; auxin ; acid growth ; Hechtian oscillator ; plasma membrane ion fluxes ; n/a ; green lineage ; modeling ; PAC domain ; plant ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Dive into the fascinating world of photosynthesis through the latest publications. This comprehensive work delves deep into the intricate regulatory mechanisms that underpin the vital process of photosynthesis. From the molecular reactions at the core to the overarching responses of entire plants, explore the diverse facets of this fundamental phenomenon. Discover how plants adeptly adapt to an ever-changing and often challenging environment. Gain valuable insights with real-world applications, spanning agriculture, forestry, and biotechnology. Whether you're a scientist, educator, or enthusiast, this reprint promises to unravel the mysteries of life's essential processes. Join us in this exploration of photosynthesis as we bridge the gap between scientific inquiry and practical knowledge, ensuring a sustainable future for both natural ecosystems and cultivated environments.
    Keywords: abiotic stressors ; environmental stress ; growth ; light intensity ; photosynthetic pigments ; picocyanobacteria ; plant physiology ; Alternaria brassicicola ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; chloroplast ultrastructure ; defense response ; microarray ; photosynthesis ; susceptibility ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; extremely low frequency magnetic field ; Schumann resonance frequencies ; photosynthetic light reactions ; non-photochemical quenching ; quantum yield of photosystem II ; wheat ; pea ; endophytes ; culture filtrate ; exogenously hormone ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; antioxidant enzymes ; antioxidants ; carotenoids ; photochemical efficiency ; protein ; tocopherol ; xanthophyll cycle ; zeaxanthin ; root ; rhizosphere ; rhizobacteria ; root morphology ; abiotic stresses ; phase-sensitive imaging ; magnetopriming ; UV exclusion ; leaf venation ; leaf hydraulics ; high light ; thylakoid membrane ; microdomains ; photoprotection ; Synechocystis ; photoinhibition ; photosystems ; seed priming ; nanotechnology ; germination ; seed resistance ; sustainability ; cold plasma technology ; machine learning ; proton gradient regulation 5 (PGR5) ; PGR5-like photosynthetic phenotype 1 (PGRL1) ; photosynthetic electron transport ; PSI photoinhibition ; oxidation of P700 ; oxidative stress ; combined effect ; Pisum sativum L. ; nanoparticles ; cerium oxide ; zinc oxide ; metal uptake ; hydroponic culture ; photomorphogenesis ; Pinus sylvestris ; light of various spectral composition ; gene expression ; pigment content ; lipid droplets ; microalgae ; Raman spectroscopy ; Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ; cyanobacteria ; heavy metals ; nitrogenase ; heterocyst ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Foods derived from grains and grain-based ingredients represent a crucial source of energy and nutrients for humans. Cereals are conventional food materials, while interest is growing in the utilization of pseudocereals, pulses, oilseeds, and other grains to develop various foods and food ingredients. Grain and food processing converts raw grains into functional ingredients and creates palatable and nutritious end-products. During processing, various physical and chemical changes and interactions take place, affecting the nutritional, textural, sensory, and other quality properties of the products. Methods, protocols, and equipment have been developed to process, monitor, and control processing parameters to achieve the desired end-product quality or functionality. This reprint covers diverse topics related to grain-processing innovations and the effect of both conventional and innovative grain processes on the properties of grain-derived ingredients, intermediates, and end products.
    Keywords: climate change ; heat resource effectiveness ; hourly accumulated temperature simulation ; rice potential yield ; whole foxtail millet flour ; amylose content ; japonica and glutinous ; Chinese steamed bread ; texture properties ; northern cold area ; maize seeds ; physical characteristics ; principal component analysis ; cluster comprehensive analysis ; wheat ; flour ; dough ; mixing ; hydrophobic interaction ; aggregation ; corn ; hammermill ; moisture content ; particle size ; gaseous chlorine dioxide ; buckwheat-based composited flour ; fresh buckwheat noodle ; shelf-life and quality characteristics ; whole grain bread ; pulse ; yellow pea ; green pea ; lentil ; chickpea ; Mixolab ; dough rheology ; bread texture ; ayocote bean ; black bean ; bread ; protein digestibility ; sensorial properties ; pulses ; red lentils ; protein ; roller milling ; near infrared spectroscopy ; sorghum ; starch ; amylose ; amylopectin ; high throughput phenotyping ; genetic diversity ; plant breeding ; granular flow ; particulate flow ; extrusion ; food powders ; powder rheology ; composition ; sugar ; purple-colored wheat ; wheat bran ; blending ratio ; fresh noodles ; antioxidant properties ; alternative sweeteners ; sucrose ; cookies ; baking ; sugar reduction ; kabuli ; milling ; de-hull ; roller mill ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 22
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint represents a general view of what and how the research on plants at the molecular level (genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and so on) contributes to a good equilibrium among human needs, food security, and future strategies for mitigating the effects of global climate changes. Now more than ever, it is critical to understand the genetics and evolution of the gene mechanisms and the networks of different molecular pathways acting on plant abiotic stress tolerance in order to find new solutions for modern agricultural problems.This reprint is full of technical and specialized terms and, for this reason, its target audience is scientists and students trained in plant functional genomics, breeding, agronomy, and genetics. It is an exciting virtual tour through plant molecular responses to various environmental stresses, and new ideas and applications will be derived.
    Keywords: environmental stress ; seed development ; site II element ; HSFA2 ; TT2/ MYB5-MBW complex ; triacontanol ; drought ; rice ; aquaporins ; PIP1,1, PIP1,2, PIP2,4 and PIP2,5 genes ; abiotic stress ; biotic stress ; crop improvement ; HD-ZIP ; plant development ; cold ; stress ; differentially expressed genes ; transcriptome ; transcription factors ; in silico ; Cis-regulatory elements ; gene transcription ; trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase ; wheat ; early heat stress ; Triticum aestivum ; heat tolerance ; VRN ; PPD ; photoperiod ; Rosmarinus officinalis Lour. ; suspension cells ; MeJA ; antioxidant enzymes ; RNA-seq ; qRT-PCR ; durum wheat ; osmotic adjustment ; QTL ; climate change ; drought tolerance ; crop modelling ; expression profiles ; field trials ; TdDRF1 gene ; Wdhn13 ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 23
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Advanced Blood-Brain Barrier Drug Delivery is a reprint with a summary editorial, followed by 16 chapters that cover five areas of brain drug delivery, including receptor-mediated transport (RMT), carrier-mediated transport (CMT), active efflux transport (AET), Trojan horse lipid nanoparticles (LNP), and in vivo methods for measurement of drug transport across the blood–brain barrier (BBB).
    Keywords: blood–brain barrier (BBB) ; brain drug delivery ; prodrugs ; solute carriers (SLCs) ; lysosomal storage disease ; neuronopathic mucopolysaccharidosis ; blood–brain barrier ; neurodegeneration ; enzyme replacement therapy ; receptor-mediated transcytosis ; transferrin receptor ; insulin receptor ; endothelium ; receptor-mediated transport ; carrier-mediated transport ; genetic engineering ; IgG fusion proteins ; nanoparticles ; liposomes ; TrkB ; agonist antibody ; variable new antigen receptor (VNAR) ; neuroprotection ; transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) ; blood-brain barrier (BBB) ; 6-OHDA ; Parkinson’s disease ; bispecific antibody ; alpha-synuclein (αSYN) ; Parkinson’s disease (PD) ; immunotherapy ; monoclonal antibody ; transferrin receptor (TfR) ; receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT) ; single domains antibody ; IGF1R ; neurotensin ; protein-based therapy ; lysosomal storage disorders ; fusion proteins ; Alzheimer’s disease ; neurotrophic factors ; decoy receptors ; ATP-binding cassette transporters ; drug delivery ; ischemic stroke ; SLC transporters ; lipid nanoparticle ; ssPalm ; mRNA transfection ; hCMEC/D3 cells ; cell toxicity ; SWATH-MS ; translation ; chaperonin-containing TCP-1 ; proton-coupled organic cation antiporter ; photo-affinity labeling ; proteomics ; SWATH-MS (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical-mass spectra) ; pharmacokinetics ; compartmental models ; physiologically based PK models ; blood-brain barrier ; antibody ; cavernous sinus ; BBB–peptide shuttle ; brain delivery ; solute carrier (SLC) transporters ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) ; NSC-34 cell lines ; taurine transporter (Taut) ; large amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) ; monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) ; organic cation transporters (OCTNs) ; choline transporter-like protein-1 (CTL1) ; TNF-α inhibitor ; molecular Trojan horse ; endosomal ; liposome ; nanoparticle ; targeting ; transferrin ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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  • 24
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Fungal Nanotechnology 2 provides an updated and thorough explanation of the green and sustainable production of metal- and organic-based nanostructures by various fungal species, as well as an investigation of intracellular and extracellular mechanisms, with a particular focus on the applications of fungal nanotechnology in biomedical, environmental, and agri-food sectors. Since FN is still in its infancy, major research should be conducted in this field; plants, animals, and people will all benefit significantly from this, and effective and environmentally acceptable methods should be developed.
    Keywords: zinc oxide nanoparticles ; Gossypium barbadense ; Fusarium sp. ; Rhizoctonia solani ; Macrophomina phaseolina ; metallic nanoparticles ; agriculture ; crop protection ; antifungal activities ; fungi ; silver nanoparticles ; green biosynthesis ; antifungal activity ; mucormycosis ; antioxidant activity ; Penicillium chrysogenum ; Biomphalaria alexandrina ; Schistosoma mansoni ; selenium nanoparticles ; molluscicide ; larvicide ; docking study ; Puccinia triticina ; wheat ; salicylic acid ; chitosan nanoparticles ; enzymes ; ROS ; anatomical characters ; nanofungicide ; ambrosial complex ; beneficial microbes ; biocontrol agents ; Trichoderma ; Hypocrea ; nanostructures ; biosynthesis ; biocontrol ; larvicidal ; smoke toxicity ; ovicidal ; fungus ; nanotechnology ; reaction optimisation ; Chaetomium thermophilum ; cytotoxicity ; chitosan ; chitosan/silver nanoparticles ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant ; wound healing ; green synthesis ; polyphenols ; cell cycle ; Candida auris ; metal oxide nanoparticles ; Fusarium solani ; defense genes ; control ; resistance ; scanning electron microscope ; anatomical structure ; myconanotechnology ; ZnO nanoparticles ; nanofabrication ; antimicrobial resistance ; biofilm ; Serendipita indica ; endosymbiont ; nano-embedded fungus ; confocal microscopy ; scanning electron microscopy ; Oryza sativa L. indica ; nano-bioformulation ; antibacterial ; CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite ; fungal interactions ; plant pathogens ; fungus-derived nanoparticles ; nanoparticle-based fungicides ; fungal bioreactors ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 25
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Research in ophthalmic drug delivery has developed significant advances in the few last years, and efforts have been made to develop more effective topical formulations to increase drug bioavailability, efficiency, and safety. Drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye remains a great challenge in the pharmaceutical industry due to the complexity and particularity of the eye's anatomy and physiology. Some advances have been made with the purpose of maintaining constant drug levels in the site of action. The anatomical ocular barriers have a great impact on drug pharmacokinetics and, subsequently, on the pharmacological effect.Despite the increasing interest in efficiently reaching the posterior segment of the eye with reduced adverse effects, there is still a need to expand the knowledge of ocular pharmacokinetics that allow the development of safer and more innovative drug delivery systems. These novel approaches may greatly improve the lives of patients with ocular pathologies.
    Keywords: ocular ; drug delivery ; pharmacokinetics ; tissue isolation ; rat ; eye ; drug concentration ; method ; pigment ; melanin ; aniridia ; ataluren ; ophthalmic solution ; rare disease ; stability ; tacrolimus ; hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin ; topical ophthalmic administration ; eye drops ; uveitis ; PET/CT imaging ; ocular implants ; electrospinning technique ; glaucoma ; sustained drug release ; poly ε-caprolactone ; electrospun fibers ; permeability ; retina ; retinal pigment epithelium ; Ussing chamber ; intravitreal half-life ; posterior capsule opacification ; pathophysiology ; wound healing ; lens epithelial cells ; intraocular lenses ; experimental models ; clinical studies ; gold nanoparticles ; anterior chamber ; distribution ; intracameral injection ; trabecular meshwork ; hyaluronic acid ; liposomes ; intravitreal ; ocular drug delivery ; retinal explants ; amantadine ; blood–retinal barrier ; retinal disease ; NMDA receptor ; inner BRB ; retinal capitally endothelial cells ; outer BRB ; retinal pigment epithelial cells ; transporter ; rivoceranib ; drug repositioning ; microsphere ; subfoveal choroidal neovascularization ; macular degeneration ; endotoxin-induced uveitis ; interleukins ; immunosuppressants ; physicochemical stability ; container-content interaction ; leachable compound ; nanoparticles ; PLGA ; lactoferrin ; nanoprecipitation ; protein nanocarriers ; keratoconus ; corneal ecstatic disorder ; posterior capsular opacification ; intraocular lens ; surface modification ; photothermal therapy ; photodynamic therapy ; micro-pattern ; anti-biofouling ; ocular hypertension ; prostaglandin analogues ; aqueous solubility ; chemical stability ; intraocular pressure ; cystinosis ; ophthalmic administration ; cysteamine ; compounded formulation ; PET ; nanocrystals ; conjunctivitis ; besifloxacin ; Povacoat® ; fluoroquinolones ; acanthamoeba keratitis ; controlled drug delivery ; contact lens ; miltefosine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 26
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue presents an extract from the reality of smart agriculture, where the combination of modern technologies, innovative solutions, and sustainable approaches to food production classifies this part of science as highly interdisciplinary, multifaceted, and technologically advanced. The need to increase productivity, optimize natural resources, and minimize environmental impact requires new approaches. In this context, smart agriculture is emerging as a solution that combines technology, data, and science to achieve sustainable, efficient, and innovative food production. This Special Issue introduces the field of smart farming, which encompasses a range of advanced technologies. The use of these tools allows for the monitoring and optimization of crop conditions, precise fertilization, the minimization of water and energy usage, and the improvement of crop quality and quantity. In addition, plant monitoring systems are described, which, by means of sensors and data analysis, provide farmers with valuable information about plant health, soil moisture, temperature, and other factors affecting crop growth. A significant part of this monograph deals with the automation of agricultural processes, where robots and machines undertake tasks with high precision and accuracy, contributing to the farmer’s efficiency. This Special Issue aims not only to provide an understanding of smart agriculture but to also inspire the reader to think about the future of agriculture and the ways in which modern food production methods can be improved.
    Keywords: recirculating aquaculture system ; variable-flow regulation model ; circulating pump-drum filter linkage working technique ; machine learning methods ; gene algorithm support vector machine ; controlled environment agriculture ; digital twin ; productivity ; architecture ; optimization ; NDVI ; image processing ; SURF ; SIFT ; SVM ; BP algorithm ; performance ; sweet pepper ; deep neural network ; sprouts ; stimulation with a pulsed magnetic field ; micro and macro components ; ICP-OES ; ground pressure ; paddy soil ; seeding skateboard ; internet of things ; wireless measurement system ; calcium ; magnesium ; phosphorus ; potassium ; copper ; iron ; manganese ; sodium ; zinc ; wild leafy vegetables ; real-time kinematic (RTK) ; precision agriculture ; ISO standard ; global positioning system (GPS) ; GLONASS ; agricultural tractor ; Korean ginseng ; root-rot-disease ; plant segmentation ; deep learning ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; convolutional neural network ; corn insect ; electrical fields ; magnetic fields ; high-voltage electric field ; growth of fruits ; ripening of fruits ; shelf life of fruits ; fungicide resistance ; PCR ; broad-spectrum fungicides ; Fusarium solani ; toxicity ; asymmetric machine-tractor unit ; motion ; stability ; resistance coefficients ; amplitude-frequency characteristic ; phase-frequency characteristic ; quality parameters ; firmness ; total soluble solid ; titratable acidity ; dry matter ; respiration rate ; apple fruit ; model predictive control ; energy management system ; renewable energy ; smart irrigation ; agriculture 4.0 ; maize bulk ; kernel breakage ; vertical pressure ; deformation ; heat production ; sustainable ; agriculture ; rural ; mobile internet technology ; bivariate probit model ; agricultural modernization ; Pakistan ; wheat ; smart ; Zea mays ; stalk diseases ; crop rotation ; stubble ; suppressive soils ; biomass combustion ; broadleaved tree ; pulsed electric field ; calorific value ; UV-C radiation ; stress response ; mechanical properties ; stimulation ; potato tuber ; CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) ; terminal velocity ; winnowing machine separation ; chili pepper harvester ; water and fertilizer integration ; pH adjustment ; BP-PID-Smith algorithm ; estimated compensation ; convolutional neural networks ; MATLAB ; hybrid system ; mobile application ; aeration ; airflow resistance ; pore volume ; semi-empirical modelling ; self-compaction ; spatial and temporal ; energy ; environmental contamination ; lettuce ; life cycle assessment ; winter wheat ; leaf greenness index (SPAD) ; protein ; photosynthesis ; nitrogen ; smart agriculture ; weed management ; crop productivity ; computer vision ; analytical procedure ; forklift truck ; interchangeable equipment ; static stability assessment ; typical meteorological sequence ; typical meteorological week ; wastewater treatment ; high-rate algae pond ; solar irradiance ; Finkelstein-Schafer statistics ; southern rice ; threshing loss ; fuzzy PID ; adaptive algorithm ; hilly mountainous areas ; rapeseed pod ; surface area measurement ; 3-D measurement ; side area of oblique cylinders ; rapeseed pod seed testing machine ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials
    Language: English
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  • 27
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: In this Special Issue, our aim was to collect studies on clinical pharmacology and pharmacy of antimicrobial agents from both human and veterinary medicine as the complex problem of AMR requires actions taken within the One Health approach that involve both fields. Studies covered here are about new or optimized usage of already authorized antimicrobials, as well as discoveries about new agents, new combinations of drugs, and drug repositioning. Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological aspects of individual and combinational drug use are areas covered in this Special Issue.
    Keywords: antibiotic combination ; minimum inhibitory concentration ; Monte Carlo ; synergistic effect ; antibiotics ; combination therapy ; multi-drug resistant infection ; meta-analysis ; pan-genome ; Campylobacter ureolyticus ; UDP-3-O-acyl-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase ; LpxC ; campylobacteriosis ; self-medication ; students ; habits ; cystic fibrosis ; P. aeruginosa ; transporters ; Escherichia coli ; suture ; antimicrobial ; pharmacodynamics ; triclosan ; surgical site infection ; time-kill ; contact killing ; translational modelling ; antifungals ; adverse drug reaction (ADR) ; drug-drug interaction (DDI) ; polypharmacy ; multimorbidity ; intensive care patients ; traumatology ; elderly patients ; organ failure ; multi-organ failure ; drug safety ; patient safety ; nonlinear mixed-effects modeling ; glomerular filtration rate ; dosing regimen ; oxacillin ; Monte Carlo simulations ; adsorption ; desorption ; doxycycline ; pH dependence ; small ruminant feed ; heterocyclic compounds ; phenolic compounds ; pyran ; food microbiology ; microbial pathogen ; serum/plasma concentrations ; interstitial concentrations ; tissue concentrations ; pharmacokinetics ; macrolide antibiotics ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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  • 28
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: 10th Anniversary of Plants—Recent Advances and Perspectives is a scientific paper collection specially published on the anniversary of Plants. Covering all major areas of plant science, it is a valuable guide through current achievements and future discoveries in this scientific field.
    Keywords: Secale cereale ; Secale montanum ; Secale strictum ; QTL mapping ; molecular marker ; self-incompatibility ; fertility ; seed set ; abiotic stress ; cell homeostasis ; heterologous host synthetic approach ; terpenophenolics ; brown spot ; ACT ; fungus culture filtrate ; mycotoxin ; fruit development ; fruit gauge ; VPD ; Mangifera indica ; cell division ; cell expansion ; ripening ; pulegone ; isomenthone ; menthone ; thymol ; p-cymene ; chemotypes ; seasonal variation ; enantiomeric distribution ; label-free proteomics ; Panax ginseng ; ginsenosides ; cytochrome p450 ; UDP-glycosyltransferase ; MEP pathway ; MVA pathway ; TCA/acetone ; methanol/chloroform ; endophytes ; foliar pathogens ; pathogenicity ; taxonomy ; Thymus vulgaris ; Crithmum maritimum ; leather artifacts ; essential oils ; anti-bacterial activity ; Euphorbia dendroides L. ; aerial parts ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; anti-inflammatory activity ; toxicity ; calcium oxalate crystals ; colleter ; extrafloral nectaries ; resin gland ; bud protection ; plant-environment interaction ; carbohydrate metabolism ; microarray ; crop ; rice ; productivity ; endosperm ; geometry ; morphology ; seed shape ; Vitaceae ; exDNA ; environmental DNA ; DNA sensing ; self-DNA inhibition ; autotoxicity ; plant response ; DAMP ; PAMP ; EDAP ; climate change ; food security ; Mediterranean countries ; sustainable exploitation ; phytogenetic resources ; candidate gene ; quantitative trait locus ; recombinant inbred line ; soybean drought tolerance ; weighted drought coefficient ; antioxidants ; biostimulants ; biotic stress ; GABA ; metabolism ; phytohormones ; reactive oxygen species ; signaling ; tricarboxylic acid cycle ; bacterial functions ; co-presence networks ; metagenomics ; microbial ecology ; plant domestication ; trace element ; plant nutrient ; salinity ; antioxidant defense system ; glyoxalase system ; biochar ; licorice ; soil enzymes ; nutrients ; root system ; ALS ; BCAA ; low oxygen ; flooding ; AIP1 ; Eucommia ulmoides Oliver ; trait variations ; probability grading ; quantitative traits ; planting models ; leaves ; cytokinin ; TD-K ; thidiazuron ; INCYDE ; CPPU ; isopentenyl transferase ; IPT ; cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase ; CKX ; wheat ; barley ; yield ; cucumber ; QTL-seq ; SNP markers ; white immature fruit skin color ; ecological costs ; germination models ; herbicide resistance ; hydrotime ; target-site resistance ; hydrogen peroxide ; sodium hypochlorite ; generalized regression neural network ; genetic algorithm ; scarification ; seed dormancy ; plant tissue culture ; foliar descriptors ; leaf area ; models ; vine leaves ; Olea europaea L. ; olive ; genotype by sequencing (GBS) ; single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; whole-genome sequencing (WGS) ; reference genome ; plastid markers ; DNA barcoding ; ISSR markers ; Egyptian barley ; agro-morphological traits ; cluster analysis ; genetic variation ; biplot ; drought stress ; drying processes ; mathematical model ; plant hydric stress tolerance ; rate of weight loss ; RWLMod ; water evaporation ; photosynthesis ; elevated CO2 ; Rubisco ; electron transport ; light ; diurnal cycle ; sexual propagation ; cold stratification ; in situ ; ex situ ; plant endemism ; Morocco ; biodiversity ; ex-situ conservation ; protocols ; germplasm ; forest berries ; brushing ; lettuce ; chicory ; phytochemicals ; antioxidant capacity ; Ziziphus lotus ; phenolics ; SH-SY5Y cell line ; chromatography ; Koelreuteria paniculata ; dry ethanol extracts ; GC-MS analysis ; chemical compounds ; antitumor and antimicrobial activities ; medicinal plant ; bioactive compounds ; plant-derived secondary metabolites (PDSM) ; cell suspension culture (CSC) ; bioreactor engineering ; apple ; Golden Delicious ; Top Red ; fruitlet thinners ; light reactions ; electron transport rate ; photoprotective mechanism ; state transitions ; PSII repair cycle ; vegetation structure ; environmental variables ; PC-ORD ; plant community assembly ; Himalaya ; allopolyploidy ; interspecific hybridization ; unreduced gametes ; cytological diploidization ; genomic changes ; root length ; root/shoot ratio ; specific root length ; Saragolle Lucana ; seed coating ; heavy metals ; evolution ; hyperaccumulation ; black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) ; anthocyanin stability ; herbs ; co-pigmentation ; color stability ; functional foods/beverages ; biotechnological tools ; ethnomedicine ; in vitro culture ; genetic improvement ; pollen ; tip growth ; calcium ; calcium dependent protein kinase ; Rho Guanine Dissociation Inhibitor ; ROP GTPase ; RhoGDI displacement factor ; polarity ; guar ; gene expression ; qRT-PCR ; RNA-Seq ; salt stress ; salt tolerance ; stress ; transcriptome ; D-tagatose ; IFP48 ; induced resistance ; sweet immunity ; sugar-enhanced defense ; Plasmopara viticola ; Botrytis cinerea ; Vitis vinifera ; human diet ; edible wild plants ; Plantago coronopus L. ; Rumex acetosa L. ; Cichorium intybus L. ; Artemisia dracunculus L. ; phytochemistry ; anti-inflammatory properties ; stem photosynthesis ; hydraulic recovery ; soaking ; X-ray micro-CT ; bark water uptake ; embolism ; genetic resources ; Solanaceae ; Cucumis ; Lactuca ; diversity ; vegetables ; genebank ; essential oil ; iNOS ; interleukin ; lavenders ; NF-κB ; glycosyltransferases ; ER-Golgi trafficking ; mechanism of protein sorting ; COPI and COPII complexes ; sequences and motifs involved in trafficking ; Arabidopsis ; gene regulation ; protein-protein interaction ; transcription factor ; WRI1 ; TCP20 ; lipases ; lipid metabolism ; plant-environment interactions ; reproductive development ; vegetative development ; Urtica dioica ; soilless systems ; cultivated nettle ; stress factors ; functional properties ; preharvest sprouting ; MKK3 ; maternal and paternal expressed genes ; imprinted genes ; polycomb repressive complex 2 ; mRNA processing bodies ; ribonucleic binding proteins ; monosomes ; ethylene ; elicitors ; fruit ripening ; ACC synthase/oxidase ; GC-MS ; polyamines ; Vigna genus ; introgression ; hybridisation ; phylogeny ; de novo domestication ; feralisation ; novel ecosystems ; complex networks ; tree communities ; Lantana camara ; Prosopis juliflora ; ascorbic acid ; genetic diversity ; molecular markers ; aquaculture pond sediment ; recovery ; Triticum aestivum ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; wheat grass juice quality ; UV-B radiation ; olive tree ; metabolomic ; phenolic profile ; lipophilic profile ; ecophysiology ; environment ; arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis ; comparative transcriptomics ; Arum-type ; Paris-type ; Solanum lycopersicum ; Rhizophagus irregularis ; Gigaspora margarita ; Camelina sativa ; semi-arid lands ; biofuel feedstock ; biodiesel ; renewable diesel ; crop breeding ; transgenesis ; genome editing ; Xanthomonas euvesicatoria ; host associate factor ; comparative genomics ; Cannabis sativa L. ; chemovars ; secondary metabolites ; trichomes ; residual by-products ; biogeography ; cardioid ; islands ; geometric models ; Mediterranean flora ; Silene ; super-ellipse ; abscisic acid ; aromatic herb ; ascorbate-glutathione cycle ; jasmonic acid ; lipoic acid ; oxidative stress ; salicylic acid ; Salvia officinalis ; drought ; state of stress ; tolerance ; avoidance ; stress survival ; amino acids ; nitrate reductase ; glutamine synthetase ; plants mycorrhized ; dark septate ; Daphne genkwa ; Thymelaeaceae ; flavonoids ; design of experiments ; blooming stages ; germination stimulant ; witchweed ; methyl phenlactonoates (MPs) ; Nijmegen-1 ; weed ; plant development ; vasculature ; leaf traces ; structure ; microtomography ; Euphorbiaceae ; in vitro crop ; gamma radiation ; ionizing radiation ; mutants ; Fumaria scheleicheri Soy. Will. ; isoquinoline alkaloids ; HPLC-DAD ; in vitro anti-cholinesterase ; cytotoxic ; antioxidant ; ABC model ; hop ; transcription factors ; type-II MADS box ; type-I MADS-box ; AFLP ; carpological traits ; genetic structure ; molecular systematics ; plastid phylogeny ; Valerianaceae ; auxins ; embryogenic calli ; HPLC ; IAA ; immunohistochemistry ; deficit irrigation ; grape quality ; phenology ; plant diseases ; bacterium ; symptoms ; molecular classification ; common juniper ; common larch ; Cupressaceae ; Pinaceae ; SPME-GC-MS ; volatile compounds ; herbicidal activity ; weed control ; trait association ; GCV ; genetic variability ; genetic advance ; heritability ; PCV ; Cicer arietinum L. ; gold nanoparticles ; carbon nanotubes ; ATR-FTIR spectroscopy ; machine learning techniques ; principal component analysis ; support vector machine classification ; citrus ; melanose ; Diaporthe citri ; epidemiology ; symptomatology ; Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis ; resistance-nodulation-cell division transporter ; type-three secretion system ; phytoalexin ; brassinin ; glucosinolate ; cabbage ; flowering ; juvenile traits ; genetic stability ; flow cytometry ; somaclonal variation ; thorniness ; carbohydrates ; protein ; lipids ; fatty acids ; minerals ; plastome ; Plicosepalus acaciae ; Plicosepalus curviflorus ; loranthaceae ; mistletoe ; phylogenetic relationship ; plastome structure ; comparative analysis ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Solanum tuberosum ; multi-exponential transverse relaxation ; water stress ; broccoli ; human nutrition ; improved health ; melatonin ; postharvest ; apricot ; pollen tube ; pollination ; Prunus armeniaca ; S-alleles ; Populus ; hexokinase ; sucrose metabolism ; sugar signaling ; stress and defense ; centres of origin ; crop wild relatives ; crop domestication ; cryopreservation ; conservation ; in vitro storage ; ecosystem restoration ; plant breeding ; acidification ; alkalinisation ; bud burst ; freezing ; Malus domestica ; pH ; Picea abies ; Pinus cembra ; histone modification ; Taraxacum kok-saghyz ; natural rubber ; high light stress ; singlet oxygen ; signalling ; GPX5 ; beta cyclocitral ; acrolein ; glutathione peroxidase ; carbonyl ; transcription ; SLIM1 transcription factor ; sulfur deficiency ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; sulfate transporter ; sulfate assimilation ; stress tolerance ; LRR-RLK receptors ; dodders ; parasitic plants ; proteomics ; virus vertical transmission ; CMV-Fny strain ; pseudorecombinant virus ; chimeric virus ; infection rate ; seed-growth tests ; electron microscopy ; circular dichroism spectroscopy ; viral assembly ; Adiantetea capilli-veneris ; demographic analysis ; ecology ; IUCN ; plant conservation ; phytosociology ; rupicolous habitat ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 29
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: 10th Anniversary of Plants—Recent Advances and Perspectives is a scientific paper collection specially published on the anniversary of Plants. Covering all major areas of plant science, it is a valuable guide through current achievements and future discoveries in this scientific field.
    Keywords: Secale cereale ; Secale montanum ; Secale strictum ; QTL mapping ; molecular marker ; self-incompatibility ; fertility ; seed set ; abiotic stress ; cell homeostasis ; heterologous host synthetic approach ; terpenophenolics ; brown spot ; ACT ; fungus culture filtrate ; mycotoxin ; fruit development ; fruit gauge ; VPD ; Mangifera indica ; cell division ; cell expansion ; ripening ; pulegone ; isomenthone ; menthone ; thymol ; p-cymene ; chemotypes ; seasonal variation ; enantiomeric distribution ; label-free proteomics ; Panax ginseng ; ginsenosides ; cytochrome p450 ; UDP-glycosyltransferase ; MEP pathway ; MVA pathway ; TCA/acetone ; methanol/chloroform ; endophytes ; foliar pathogens ; pathogenicity ; taxonomy ; Thymus vulgaris ; Crithmum maritimum ; leather artifacts ; essential oils ; anti-bacterial activity ; Euphorbia dendroides L. ; aerial parts ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; anti-inflammatory activity ; toxicity ; calcium oxalate crystals ; colleter ; extrafloral nectaries ; resin gland ; bud protection ; plant-environment interaction ; carbohydrate metabolism ; microarray ; crop ; rice ; productivity ; endosperm ; geometry ; morphology ; seed shape ; Vitaceae ; exDNA ; environmental DNA ; DNA sensing ; self-DNA inhibition ; autotoxicity ; plant response ; DAMP ; PAMP ; EDAP ; climate change ; food security ; Mediterranean countries ; sustainable exploitation ; phytogenetic resources ; candidate gene ; quantitative trait locus ; recombinant inbred line ; soybean drought tolerance ; weighted drought coefficient ; antioxidants ; biostimulants ; biotic stress ; GABA ; metabolism ; phytohormones ; reactive oxygen species ; signaling ; tricarboxylic acid cycle ; bacterial functions ; co-presence networks ; metagenomics ; microbial ecology ; plant domestication ; trace element ; plant nutrient ; salinity ; antioxidant defense system ; glyoxalase system ; biochar ; licorice ; soil enzymes ; nutrients ; root system ; ALS ; BCAA ; low oxygen ; flooding ; AIP1 ; Eucommia ulmoides Oliver ; trait variations ; probability grading ; quantitative traits ; planting models ; leaves ; cytokinin ; TD-K ; thidiazuron ; INCYDE ; CPPU ; isopentenyl transferase ; IPT ; cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase ; CKX ; wheat ; barley ; yield ; cucumber ; QTL-seq ; SNP markers ; white immature fruit skin color ; ecological costs ; germination models ; herbicide resistance ; hydrotime ; target-site resistance ; hydrogen peroxide ; sodium hypochlorite ; generalized regression neural network ; genetic algorithm ; scarification ; seed dormancy ; plant tissue culture ; foliar descriptors ; leaf area ; models ; vine leaves ; Olea europaea L. ; olive ; genotype by sequencing (GBS) ; single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; whole-genome sequencing (WGS) ; reference genome ; plastid markers ; DNA barcoding ; ISSR markers ; Egyptian barley ; agro-morphological traits ; cluster analysis ; genetic variation ; biplot ; drought stress ; drying processes ; mathematical model ; plant hydric stress tolerance ; rate of weight loss ; RWLMod ; water evaporation ; photosynthesis ; elevated CO2 ; Rubisco ; electron transport ; light ; diurnal cycle ; sexual propagation ; cold stratification ; in situ ; ex situ ; plant endemism ; Morocco ; biodiversity ; ex-situ conservation ; protocols ; germplasm ; forest berries ; brushing ; lettuce ; chicory ; phytochemicals ; antioxidant capacity ; Ziziphus lotus ; phenolics ; SH-SY5Y cell line ; chromatography ; Koelreuteria paniculata ; dry ethanol extracts ; GC-MS analysis ; chemical compounds ; antitumor and antimicrobial activities ; medicinal plant ; bioactive compounds ; plant-derived secondary metabolites (PDSM) ; cell suspension culture (CSC) ; bioreactor engineering ; apple ; Golden Delicious ; Top Red ; fruitlet thinners ; light reactions ; electron transport rate ; photoprotective mechanism ; state transitions ; PSII repair cycle ; vegetation structure ; environmental variables ; PC-ORD ; plant community assembly ; Himalaya ; allopolyploidy ; interspecific hybridization ; unreduced gametes ; cytological diploidization ; genomic changes ; root length ; root/shoot ratio ; specific root length ; Saragolle Lucana ; seed coating ; heavy metals ; evolution ; hyperaccumulation ; black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) ; anthocyanin stability ; herbs ; co-pigmentation ; color stability ; functional foods/beverages ; biotechnological tools ; ethnomedicine ; in vitro culture ; genetic improvement ; pollen ; tip growth ; calcium ; calcium dependent protein kinase ; Rho Guanine Dissociation Inhibitor ; ROP GTPase ; RhoGDI displacement factor ; polarity ; guar ; gene expression ; qRT-PCR ; RNA-Seq ; salt stress ; salt tolerance ; stress ; transcriptome ; D-tagatose ; IFP48 ; induced resistance ; sweet immunity ; sugar-enhanced defense ; Plasmopara viticola ; Botrytis cinerea ; Vitis vinifera ; human diet ; edible wild plants ; Plantago coronopus L. ; Rumex acetosa L. ; Cichorium intybus L. ; Artemisia dracunculus L. ; phytochemistry ; anti-inflammatory properties ; stem photosynthesis ; hydraulic recovery ; soaking ; X-ray micro-CT ; bark water uptake ; embolism ; genetic resources ; Solanaceae ; Cucumis ; Lactuca ; diversity ; vegetables ; genebank ; essential oil ; iNOS ; interleukin ; lavenders ; NF-κB ; glycosyltransferases ; ER-Golgi trafficking ; mechanism of protein sorting ; COPI and COPII complexes ; sequences and motifs involved in trafficking ; Arabidopsis ; gene regulation ; protein-protein interaction ; transcription factor ; WRI1 ; TCP20 ; lipases ; lipid metabolism ; plant-environment interactions ; reproductive development ; vegetative development ; Urtica dioica ; soilless systems ; cultivated nettle ; stress factors ; functional properties ; preharvest sprouting ; MKK3 ; maternal and paternal expressed genes ; imprinted genes ; polycomb repressive complex 2 ; mRNA processing bodies ; ribonucleic binding proteins ; monosomes ; ethylene ; elicitors ; fruit ripening ; ACC synthase/oxidase ; GC-MS ; polyamines ; Vigna genus ; introgression ; hybridisation ; phylogeny ; de novo domestication ; feralisation ; novel ecosystems ; complex networks ; tree communities ; Lantana camara ; Prosopis juliflora ; ascorbic acid ; genetic diversity ; molecular markers ; aquaculture pond sediment ; recovery ; Triticum aestivum ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; wheat grass juice quality ; UV-B radiation ; olive tree ; metabolomic ; phenolic profile ; lipophilic profile ; ecophysiology ; environment ; arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis ; comparative transcriptomics ; Arum-type ; Paris-type ; Solanum lycopersicum ; Rhizophagus irregularis ; Gigaspora margarita ; Camelina sativa ; semi-arid lands ; biofuel feedstock ; biodiesel ; renewable diesel ; crop breeding ; transgenesis ; genome editing ; Xanthomonas euvesicatoria ; host associate factor ; comparative genomics ; Cannabis sativa L. ; chemovars ; secondary metabolites ; trichomes ; residual by-products ; biogeography ; cardioid ; islands ; geometric models ; Mediterranean flora ; Silene ; super-ellipse ; abscisic acid ; aromatic herb ; ascorbate-glutathione cycle ; jasmonic acid ; lipoic acid ; oxidative stress ; salicylic acid ; Salvia officinalis ; drought ; state of stress ; tolerance ; avoidance ; stress survival ; amino acids ; nitrate reductase ; glutamine synthetase ; plants mycorrhized ; dark septate ; Daphne genkwa ; Thymelaeaceae ; flavonoids ; design of experiments ; blooming stages ; germination stimulant ; witchweed ; methyl phenlactonoates (MPs) ; Nijmegen-1 ; weed ; plant development ; vasculature ; leaf traces ; structure ; microtomography ; Euphorbiaceae ; in vitro crop ; gamma radiation ; ionizing radiation ; mutants ; Fumaria scheleicheri Soy. Will. ; isoquinoline alkaloids ; HPLC-DAD ; in vitro anti-cholinesterase ; cytotoxic ; antioxidant ; ABC model ; hop ; transcription factors ; type-II MADS box ; type-I MADS-box ; AFLP ; carpological traits ; genetic structure ; molecular systematics ; plastid phylogeny ; Valerianaceae ; auxins ; embryogenic calli ; HPLC ; IAA ; immunohistochemistry ; deficit irrigation ; grape quality ; phenology ; plant diseases ; bacterium ; symptoms ; molecular classification ; common juniper ; common larch ; Cupressaceae ; Pinaceae ; SPME-GC-MS ; volatile compounds ; herbicidal activity ; weed control ; trait association ; GCV ; genetic variability ; genetic advance ; heritability ; PCV ; Cicer arietinum L. ; gold nanoparticles ; carbon nanotubes ; ATR-FTIR spectroscopy ; machine learning techniques ; principal component analysis ; support vector machine classification ; citrus ; melanose ; Diaporthe citri ; epidemiology ; symptomatology ; Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis ; resistance-nodulation-cell division transporter ; type-three secretion system ; phytoalexin ; brassinin ; glucosinolate ; cabbage ; flowering ; juvenile traits ; genetic stability ; flow cytometry ; somaclonal variation ; thorniness ; carbohydrates ; protein ; lipids ; fatty acids ; minerals ; plastome ; Plicosepalus acaciae ; Plicosepalus curviflorus ; loranthaceae ; mistletoe ; phylogenetic relationship ; plastome structure ; comparative analysis ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Solanum tuberosum ; multi-exponential transverse relaxation ; water stress ; broccoli ; human nutrition ; improved health ; melatonin ; postharvest ; apricot ; pollen tube ; pollination ; Prunus armeniaca ; S-alleles ; Populus ; hexokinase ; sucrose metabolism ; sugar signaling ; stress and defense ; centres of origin ; crop wild relatives ; crop domestication ; cryopreservation ; conservation ; in vitro storage ; ecosystem restoration ; plant breeding ; acidification ; alkalinisation ; bud burst ; freezing ; Malus domestica ; pH ; Picea abies ; Pinus cembra ; histone modification ; Taraxacum kok-saghyz ; natural rubber ; high light stress ; singlet oxygen ; signalling ; GPX5 ; beta cyclocitral ; acrolein ; glutathione peroxidase ; carbonyl ; transcription ; SLIM1 transcription factor ; sulfur deficiency ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; sulfate transporter ; sulfate assimilation ; stress tolerance ; LRR-RLK receptors ; dodders ; parasitic plants ; proteomics ; virus vertical transmission ; CMV-Fny strain ; pseudorecombinant virus ; chimeric virus ; infection rate ; seed-growth tests ; electron microscopy ; circular dichroism spectroscopy ; viral assembly ; Adiantetea capilli-veneris ; demographic analysis ; ecology ; IUCN ; plant conservation ; phytosociology ; rupicolous habitat ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Keywords: drug design and discovery ; drug&ndash ; protein interactions ; drug response ; drug solubility ; antimicrobial drugs ; antiviral drugs ; antibiotics ; anticancer drugs ; cancer prevention ; molecular modeling ; molecular mechanisms ; crystallography ; preclinical study ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacognosy ; nuclear receptors ; receptor agonist and antagonist ; activity profiling, markers and diagnostics ; drug carriers ; dosage form ; nanoparticles ; dissolution testing ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBG Medical equipment & techniques
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Novel Anticancer Strategies reviews important findings and updates within the cancer therapy field, of great interest to those in academic research studying the development and validation of novel anticancer approaches. The Editor invited preeminent specialists to contribute to original and review articles devoted to key areas of major progress and expectations. Key features: Nanoparticle-based drug delivery in cancer therapy; Extracellular vesicles for anticancer drug delivery; Peptide-based drug conjugates; Cancer stem cells as a valuable target to eradicate tumor relapse; Spheroids in preclinical model for cancer research; and cancer immunotherapy.
    Keywords: tumor-homing extracellular vesicles ; pH-sensitive extracellular vesicles ; doxorubicin ; tumor therapy ; pancreatic cancer ; targeted tumor therapy ; homing peptide ; antitumor peptide conjugates ; daunomycin ; oxime linkage ; combinatorial immunotherapy ; cytotoxics ; biomarkers ; precision medicine ; immunotherapy ; anti-PD-L1 ; ionizing irradiation ; pharmacokinetics ; tumor-immune interaction ; global sensitivity ; immuno-oncology ; mathematical modeling ; glycol chitosan nanoparticle ; high-intensity focused ultrasound ; deep tumor penetration ; dense ECM ; cancer treatment ; prostate cancer ; gastrin-releasing peptide receptor ; RM26 ; albumin-binding domain ; targeted therapy ; gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRPR) antagonist ; cervical cancer ; tetraarsenic hexoxide ; patient-derived xenograft ; autophagy ; cisplatin ; fenbendazole ; micelle solubilization ; Soluplus® polymeric micelles ; toxicity test ; sonoporation ; microbubbles ; ultrasound ; intracellular signaling ; phosphorylation ; ultrasound contrast agents ; drug delivery ; cellular stress ; tumour microenvironment ; cancer stem cells ; extracellular vesicles ; drug delivery systems ; liposomes ; immunoliposomes ; antisense oligonucleotides ; 3D cultures ; tumor microenvironment ; tumor spheroids ; efficacy analysis ; drug resistance ; cancer therapy ; glioblastoma ; receptor tyrosine kinases ; epidermal growth factor receptor ; small molecule inhibitors ; nanoformulations ; breast cancer ; micelles ; dendrimers ; anticancer drugs ; platinum drug ; methotrexate ; lung metastasis ; liver metastasis ; cancer treatments and progression biomarkers ; mesoporous silica nanoparticles ; controlled release ; anticancer natural prodrugs ; natural products ; cancer targeting ; nanoformulations/nanomedicine applications ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Integrated crop management involves several eco-friendly measures combined to sustain production. The integration of these management practices leads to improved soil health and crop productivity. However, the benefits of Integrated Crop Management are largely influenced by the environment, soil type and fertility, and crop type. Mono-cropping systems or the use of the same crop rotation have led to reduced soil quality, favoring insect pest infestation and reducing farm profits. This Special Issue focuses on the impacts of Integrated Crop Management practices on soil health, crop productivity, and a reduction in the impacts of expected climate change on crop production in a sustainable manner.
    Keywords: hybrid rice ; nutrient management practices ; production and profitability ; Fusarium foot rot ; Indian dwarf wheat ; tillering ; powdery mildew ; Persian wheat ; root rot ; yield components ; manure ; crop production ; soil enzymes ; plant nutrients ; respiration ; microbial biomass ; essential oil ; zeolite ; gelatin ; encapsulation ; pest control ; allelopathy ; barley ; cropping systems ; soil quality ; weed biocontrol ; regression model ; epidemiological variable ; M. persicae ; PLRV ; management ; sorghum ; locations ; P-K levels ; fodder quality ; yield traits ; tropical conditions ; osmopriming ; grain yield ; grain B concentration ; boron-tolerant bacteria ; biological control ; sustainable ; natural predation ; habitat management ; sucking pests ; mixed cropping ; legume ; microbial diversity ; biochar ; nitrogen cycling ; rice ; hybrid ; desirable ; agricultural traits ; adaptation ; Honglian ; Gossypium hirsutum ; Egyptian clover ; canola ; wheat ; economic analyses ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Recently, microfluidic, nanofluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices have gained particular attention in biomedical applications. Due to their advantages, such as miniaturization, versatility, ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and the potential to replace animal models for drug development and testing, these devices hold tremendous potential to revolutionize the research of more effective treatments for several diseases that threaten human life. With integrated biosensors, these devices allow the development and design of micro- and nanoparticles to be studied in detail, modelling human physiology, investigating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying disease formation and progression, and gaining insights into the performance and long-term effects of responsive drug delivery nanocarriers. This Special Issue gathered research papers, and review articles focusing on novel microfluidic, nanofluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices for biomedical applications, addressing all steps related to fabrication, biosensor integration and development, characterization, numerical simulations and validation of the devices, optimization and, the translation of these devices from research labs to industry settings.
    Keywords: protein biomarker ; microarray ; microfluidic cassette ; multiplex measurement ; immunoassay ; point-of-care testing ; microfluidic device ; small intestine ; ex vivo ; histology ; embedded resin ; sectioning ; peptide biosensor ; lab-on-a-chip ; label-free detection ; peptide aptamers ; protein biomarkers ; microfluidic biochip ; troponin T ; computational simulations ; drug discovery ; organ-on-a-chip ; microfluidic devices ; preclinical models ; numerical simulations ; automation ; non-enzymatic ; DNA amplification ; L-DNA ; microfluidic ; fluorescence ; paper microfluidics ; sweat ; sensing ; hydrogels ; lactate ; osmotic pumping ; evaporation ; capillary ; wicking ; biochemical assay ; microfluidics ; cell trap ; RBC ; evolutionary algorithm ; generative design ; artificial intelligence ; organ-on-chip ; liver-on-chip ; liver disease ; multi-level microfluidic device ; live cell imaging ; long-term microscopy imaging ; focus drifting ; immersion oil viscosity ; bacterial population dynamics ; single-cell studies ; E. coli ; mother machine ; computational fluid dynamics ; cancer-on-chip ; xenograft ; colorectal cancer ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics ; drug efficacy ; oxaliplatin ; microfabrication ; microphysiological system ; biophysical stimuli ; biochemical stimuli ; in vitro cell culture ; cortical neurons ; hippocampal neurons ; electrical stimulation ; Micro-Electrode Arrays ; engineered neuronal networks ; polydimethylsiloxane ; microchannels ; in vivo micro bioreactor ; additive manufacturing ; poly-(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate ; biocompatibility ; COVID-19 ; diagnosis ; image analysis ; PCR ; SARS-CoV-2 ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: When adopting remote sensing techniques in precision agriculture, there are two main areas to consider: data acquisition and data analysis methodologies. Imagery and remote sensor data collected using different platforms provide a variety of information volumes and formats. For example, recent research in precision agriculture has used multispectral images from different platforms, such as satellites, airborne, and, most recently, drones. These images have been used for various analyses, from the detection of pests and diseases, growth, and water status of crops to yield estimations. However, accurately detecting specific biotic or abiotic stresses requires a narrow range of spectral information to be analyzed for each application. In data analysis, the volume and complexity of data formats obtained using the latest technologies in remote sensing (e.g., a cube of data for hyperspectral imagery) demands complex data processing systems and data analysis using multiple inputs to estimate specific categorical or numerical targets. New and emerging methodologies within artificial intelligence, such as machine learning and deep learning, have enabled us to deal with these increasing data volumes and the analysis complexity.
    Keywords: vineyard ; pesticide application ; variable rate application ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; satellite ; nanosatellite ; monsoon crops ; leaf area index ; leaf chlorophyll concentration ; crop water content ; multispectral ; hyperspectral ; deep learning ; forage dry matter yield ; high-throughput phenotyping ; Brazilian pasture ; nitrogen indicator ; nitrogen nutrition diagnosis ; optical sensor ; spectral index ; UAV ; wheat lodging ; lightweight ; digital surface model (DSM) ; winter wheat ; fractional order differential ; continuous wavelet transform ; optimal subset regression ; support vector machine ; wheat powdery mildew ; machine learning ; information fusion ; remote sensing monitoring ; hyperspectral imaging ; dimensionality reduction ; LDA ; PLS ; PCA ; RandomForest ; ReliefF ; XGB ; Meloidogyne ; Solanum tuberosum ; soil salinity sensitive parameter ; random forest ; optimal retrieval model ; remote sensing ; high throughput phenotyping ; UAV/drone ; biomass estimation ; oats ; wheat ; yield prediction ; random forests ; satellite imagery ; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Following on from the Special Issue “Recent Advances and Contribution of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications for Agricultural Monitoring”, we concluded that SAR has now become a pivotal sensor for agricultural monitoring. In this Special Issue, you will find a variety of background material discussing SAR and its applications. Several papers focused on using machine learning approaches with SAR to monitor crop stages and classify crops, while others focused on the polarimetric mode to estimate crop height. Going forward, we hope that you will find this Special Issue to be a useful reference.
    Keywords: monsoon cropland ; Sentinel ; smallholders ; Google Earth Engine ; SAR ; India ; tropical agricultural monitoring ; canopy development analysis ; phenology retrieval ; Sentinel-1 ; multitemporal SAR ; multi-task machine learning ; crop development ; remote sensing ; productivity indicators ; wheat ; growth dynamics ; synthetic aperture radar ; Sentinel-1A ; rice detection ; time-series data ; rice growth-related features ; crop height ; RADARSAT-2 ; corn ; Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ; PolSAR ; machine learning ; RFR ; SVR ; agriculture ; temporal composite ; object-oriented ; crop classification ; crop monitoring ; polarimetry ; decomposition ; field variability ; crop parameters ; multitemporal analysis ; crop identification ; parcel-based classification ; Common Agricultural Policy ; dual-pol ; crop characterization ; phenology ; unsupervised classification ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Vols 1 and 2 contain 57 papers in the Special Issue of ‘Plant Genomics 2009’ and cover a wide range of topics, highlighting the significant progress that has been made in recent years in our understanding of the genetics and genomics of plants’ growth, development, and stress responses. These studies provide valuable insights into the potential applications of genomic tools and technologies for crop improvement and sustainable agriculture, as well as fundamental questions about the evolution and function of plant genes and genomes.
    Keywords: Aristolochia ; chloroplast genome ; molecular evolution ; compare analysis ; phylogeny ; brassinosteroid-signaling kinase ; gene family ; expression profile ; alternative splicing ; intron retention ; genome-wide analysis ; drought tolerance ; foxtail millet ; LIM genes ; transgenic rice ; protein phosphatase (PP2C) ; cotton ; syntenic relationships ; expression patterns ; evolutionary analysis ; Populus trichocarpa ; multiple organellar RNA editing factor ; drought stress ; RNA editing ; genome ; β-glucosidase ; Brassica rapa ; BrBGLU10 ; pollen development ; co-expression analysis ; VQ genes family ; Eucalyptus grandis ; expression pattern ; plant hormones ; abiotic stress ; calcium-dependent protein kinases ; CDPK-related kinases ; cucurbitaceae ; hst1 ; Na+ accumulation ; SNP ; rapid generation advance ; salt tolerant ; variant annotation ; whole-genome sequencing ; expression ; genome-wide ; identification of peroxidase genes ; duplication pattern ; stress ; cassava ; ABCDE model ; cereals ; evolutionary relationships ; flower organ identity ; floral speciation ; MADS-box genes ; maize ; ZmTCP ; natural variation ; subgroup IId ; CsWRKY7 ; flowering ; Arabidopsis ; Camellia sinensis ; pomegranate ; sequence diversity ; site-specific selection ; tomato ; MADS-box ; floral organ ; fruit development ; polygalacturonase (PGs), pectin methylesterase (PMEs), collinearity analysis ; gene duplications ; expression profiling ; grapevine ; Rehmannia glutinosa L. ; replant disease ; rhizosphere microbes ; NB-LRR ; plant hormone ; apple ; aquaporin ; functional analysis ; stress tolerance ; Salicaceae ; phylogenetic relationship ; plastid genome ; comparative genomics ; repeat sequences ; stress marker genes ; sesame ; gene co-expression ; abiotic stress tolerance ; hub genes ; meta-analysis ; agrobacterium ; transient expression ; virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) ; tobacco rattle virus (TRV) ; cassava (Manihot esculenta) ; chalcone synthase ; chromatin accessibility ; epigenetic inheritance ; genetic engineering ; methylation ; ODNs ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; genome editing ; plant breeding ; multiplex genome editing ; crop improvement ; TALEN ; ZFN ; biotic stress ; avocado ; carotenoid biosynthesis ; mesocarp ; seed ; de novo assembly from short read sequencing ; full-length transcript sequencing ; differentially expressed genes ; gene dosage ; pigment ; turnip ; gene expression ; antioxidant ; nutritional quality ; B3 superfamily ; transcription factor ; ovule abortion ; Vitis vinifera ; expression analysis ; cold response ; Pittosporum tobira ; leaf variegation ; linoleic acid ; ROS scavenging enzyme ; heat shock protein ; invasive weed ; Rhizoctonia solani ; phytohormone signaling ; systemic signal ; plant defense ; calcium signaling ; ABA ; drought ; salinity ; citrulline ; genome-wide association study ; haplotype ; watermelon ; acetolactate synthase ; ferrochelatase ; rice ; large grain gene ; large grain-isogenic Koshihikari ; fine mapping ; NGS ; GW2 ; co-integration ; gene recombination ; semidwarf gene ; d60 ; linkage ; chromosome 2 ; Brachypodium ; comparative chromosome barcoding ; dysploidy ; karyotype structure and evolution ; model grass genus ; molecular cytogenetics ; polyploidy ; plant genome ; artificial microRNA ; gene silencing ; Lagerstroemia indica ; ornamental value ; anthocyanins ; leaf coloration ; directional improvement ; YABBY ; pineapple ; subcellular localization ; oak species identification ; Quercus ; mutation hotspots ; Centranthera grandiflora Benth ; transcriptome ; catalpol biosynthesis ; acteoside biosynthesis ; azafrin biosynthesis ; wheat ; Dasypyrum villosum ; alien substitution line ; GISH ; molecular marker ; marker-assisted selection ; regulation ; RNA-seq ; biosynthesis pathway ; chalcones ; stilbenes ; common bean ; Fusarium oxysproum ; plant–pathogen interaction ; metabolome ; evolution ; genome fractionation ; ABC transporters ; transcription factors ; transposable elements ; whole-genome duplication ; RNA-sequencing ; ChIP-sequencing ; transcriptional regulatory mechanism ; data integration ; karyopherin ; solanum tuberosum ; chemical fungicide ; disease control ; Neoscytalidium dimidiatum ; royal poinciana ; stem canker ; UAE ; bioinformatics ; VvGAST ; GASR ; Cis-elements ; wheat genome ; kernel hardness ; Puroindoline ; Puroindoline b-2 variants ; genotype-to-phenotype association ; synteny ; phylogenetic analysis ; genomic selection ; missing data ; minor allele frequency ; GDSL lipase ; GPAT6 ; cutin ; habaneros ; Capsicum chinense ; fruit ; RNA-Seq ; flax ; genome-wide association study (GWAS) ; single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; prediction accuracy ; quantitative trait loci (QTL) ; quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) ; Fabaceae ; Lupinus ; glutamine synthetase (GS) ; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) ; gene families ; duplication/triplication ; structural genomics ; genome organization ; genome evolution ; microRNA ; miRNA156 ; seed development ; fatty acid synthesis ; linseed flax ; anthocyanin biosynthetic genes ; cis-regulatory motifs ; DEGs ; network analysis ; qRT-PCR ; reddish purple Chinese cabbage ; abscisic acid ; flavonolignans ; metabolite profiling ; Silybum marianum ; silymarin ; aquaporins ; bright yellow-2 suspension cells ; Nicotiana tabacum ; substrate specificity ; TaCKX1 ; TaCKX expression ; grain yield ; cytokinins ; phytohormones ; RNAi ; wheat spikes ; genome-wide identification ; 2OGD family ; hormone biosynthetic and metabolism genes ; tomato fruit ripening ; DNA methylation ; phenomics ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: In recent decades, crop breeding has greatly benefited from the knowledge of plant genomics and genetics, as well as the development of modern biotechnologies. Exploring the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms underlying various plant developmental and growth processes is imperative, as they underpin crop yield, grain quality, and stress adaptations. The goal of this Special Issue in IJMS, “Research on Plant Genomics and Breeding”, is to present an overview of the latest fundamental discoveries in the field of plant genomics, as well as the potential utilization of biotechnologies in crop genetic improvement. We welcome all readers to this Reprint that covers several fields: the genetic and functional characterization of genes regulating important plant development processes or agronomic traits; the genetic improvement in crops using gene editing and other modern biotechnologies; and the discovery, characterization, and application of germplasm resources with elite traits.
    Keywords: lotus ; genome ; variant ; germplasm ; breeding ; omics ; rapeseed ; root and biomass traits ; nitrogen stress ; GWAS ; RNA sequencing ; rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; gibberellins ; abscisic acid ; NF-YCs ; upland cotton ; senescence ; genomic region ; candidate gene ; GhMKK9 ; Oryza sativa L. ; leaf shape ; salt stress ; bulliform cells ; aquaporin ; okra ; growth ; NAC transcription factor ; flavonoid ; photosynthesis ; Tartary buckwheat ; H2O2 ; NaCl ; physiology and biochemistry ; Brassicaceae ; Brassica oleracea ; DFR ; MYBL2 ; SNP ; RNA ; CRISPR ; soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) ; cytoplasmic male sterility ; pollen abortion ; gene expression ; histone methylation ; protein arginine methyltransferase ; Zea mays L. ; abiotic stress ; functional analysis ; rice ; domestication ; genomic variation ; synonymous codon usage bias ; DNA methylation ; Oryza longistaminata ; rhizome ; sucrose ; RNA-Seq ; transcriptome ; fresh corn ; stalk sugar content ; agronomic traits ; genome-wide association analysis ; selective sweep ; single nucleotide polymorphisms ; multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) ; analytic hierarchy process (AHP) ; herbaceous peony ; germplasm resources ; global warming ; low latitudes ; gene family ; cis-acting element ; gene duplication events ; evolutionary relationship ; Areca catechu ; NRAMP ; Fe and Zn deficiency ; stress response ; salinity ; OsLPR5 ; ferroxidase ; stress ; parental imprinting ; transgenerational epigenetics ; paternal inheritance ; wheat ; TaCKX expression ; cytokinin ; yield ; kompetitive allele-specific PCR ; genetic validation ; water deficit ; MAS ; grain length ; re-sequencing ; fine mapping ; P450 protein ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Global change induced extreme climate events are becoming more common than ever. Soil carbon and nitrogen pools correlated significantly with changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas. Large increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases, majorly carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, can enhance the heating of atmosphere, which will be generally followed by global warming. Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions including various strategies, such as the sequestrations of carbon and nitrogen in soil, plant or ecosystems, efficient management of agricultural and forestry ecosystems, mitigation of ecosystem carbon and nitrogen leaching, etc. The mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from all kinds of sources will be therefore crucial in mitigation of global climate change.This reprint gathered latest case studies and methodologies, including, but not limited to measurement and mitigation strategies of carbon and nitrogen pools in soil, plant, or ecosystems, and greenhouse gas emissions, will substantially improve our understanding of the potential, ability, and capacity of ecosystems in mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and hence global climate change. This reprint can be used by colleagues working on global climate change, ecology, agriculture, forestry and policy makers associated with global change. Chapters included in this reprint were contributed by colleagues from China, Egypt, Italy, Jordan, Mexico, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, etc. It can be used in most countries in the world.
    Keywords: nitrogen leaching ; blackwater ; wastewater reuse ; maize fertilization ; N surplus ; N2O emissions ; denitrification ; nitrification ; C:N ratio ; integrated nutrient management ; substrate quality ; carbon dioxide ; Kinetic theory ; Mollisols ; temperature sensitivity ; wetlands ; environmental services ; carbon soil sequestration ; carbon budgets ; minimum data set ; mountain meadow ; soil quality index ; Wugong Mountain ; tourism disturbance ; climate change ; wheat stripe rust ; hyperspectral remote sensing ; identification model ; soil nitrogen ; composting ; wheat ; yield ; greenhouse gas ; soil micro-organism ; land use/cover change ; landscape ; runoff ; sedimentation ; Loess Plateau ; dioecious plant ; reproductive stages ; nutrient characteristics ; endophytes ; metabolite ; biofuel crops ; carbon sequestration ; greenhouse gas emissions ; net ecosystem CO2 exchange ; phytoremediation ; Camellia oleifera ; girdling ; foliar fertilizer ; nutrient content ; Idesia polycarpa ; abscisic acid (ABA) ; indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) ; gibberellinA3 (GA3) ; trans-Zeatin-riboside (tZR) ; High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: 10th Anniversary of Plants—Recent Advances and Perspectives is a scientific paper collection specially published on the anniversary of Plants. Covering all major areas of plant science, it is a valuable guide through current achievements and future discoveries in this scientific field.
    Keywords: Secale cereale ; Secale montanum ; Secale strictum ; QTL mapping ; molecular marker ; self-incompatibility ; fertility ; seed set ; abiotic stress ; cell homeostasis ; heterologous host synthetic approach ; terpenophenolics ; brown spot ; ACT ; fungus culture filtrate ; mycotoxin ; fruit development ; fruit gauge ; VPD ; Mangifera indica ; cell division ; cell expansion ; ripening ; pulegone ; isomenthone ; menthone ; thymol ; p-cymene ; chemotypes ; seasonal variation ; enantiomeric distribution ; label-free proteomics ; Panax ginseng ; ginsenosides ; cytochrome p450 ; UDP-glycosyltransferase ; MEP pathway ; MVA pathway ; TCA/acetone ; methanol/chloroform ; endophytes ; foliar pathogens ; pathogenicity ; taxonomy ; Thymus vulgaris ; Crithmum maritimum ; leather artifacts ; essential oils ; anti-bacterial activity ; Euphorbia dendroides L. ; aerial parts ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; anti-inflammatory activity ; toxicity ; calcium oxalate crystals ; colleter ; extrafloral nectaries ; resin gland ; bud protection ; plant-environment interaction ; carbohydrate metabolism ; microarray ; crop ; rice ; productivity ; endosperm ; geometry ; morphology ; seed shape ; Vitaceae ; exDNA ; environmental DNA ; DNA sensing ; self-DNA inhibition ; autotoxicity ; plant response ; DAMP ; PAMP ; EDAP ; climate change ; food security ; Mediterranean countries ; sustainable exploitation ; phytogenetic resources ; candidate gene ; quantitative trait locus ; recombinant inbred line ; soybean drought tolerance ; weighted drought coefficient ; antioxidants ; biostimulants ; biotic stress ; GABA ; metabolism ; phytohormones ; reactive oxygen species ; signaling ; tricarboxylic acid cycle ; bacterial functions ; co-presence networks ; metagenomics ; microbial ecology ; plant domestication ; trace element ; plant nutrient ; salinity ; antioxidant defense system ; glyoxalase system ; biochar ; licorice ; soil enzymes ; nutrients ; root system ; ALS ; BCAA ; low oxygen ; flooding ; AIP1 ; Eucommia ulmoides Oliver ; trait variations ; probability grading ; quantitative traits ; planting models ; leaves ; cytokinin ; TD-K ; thidiazuron ; INCYDE ; CPPU ; isopentenyl transferase ; IPT ; cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase ; CKX ; wheat ; barley ; yield ; cucumber ; QTL-seq ; SNP markers ; white immature fruit skin color ; ecological costs ; germination models ; herbicide resistance ; hydrotime ; target-site resistance ; hydrogen peroxide ; sodium hypochlorite ; generalized regression neural network ; genetic algorithm ; scarification ; seed dormancy ; plant tissue culture ; foliar descriptors ; leaf area ; models ; vine leaves ; Olea europaea L. ; olive ; genotype by sequencing (GBS) ; single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; whole-genome sequencing (WGS) ; reference genome ; plastid markers ; DNA barcoding ; ISSR markers ; Egyptian barley ; agro-morphological traits ; cluster analysis ; genetic variation ; biplot ; drought stress ; drying processes ; mathematical model ; plant hydric stress tolerance ; rate of weight loss ; RWLMod ; water evaporation ; photosynthesis ; elevated CO2 ; Rubisco ; electron transport ; light ; diurnal cycle ; sexual propagation ; cold stratification ; in situ ; ex situ ; plant endemism ; Morocco ; biodiversity ; ex-situ conservation ; protocols ; germplasm ; forest berries ; brushing ; lettuce ; chicory ; phytochemicals ; antioxidant capacity ; Ziziphus lotus ; phenolics ; SH-SY5Y cell line ; chromatography ; Koelreuteria paniculata ; dry ethanol extracts ; GC-MS analysis ; chemical compounds ; antitumor and antimicrobial activities ; medicinal plant ; bioactive compounds ; plant-derived secondary metabolites (PDSM) ; cell suspension culture (CSC) ; bioreactor engineering ; apple ; Golden Delicious ; Top Red ; fruitlet thinners ; light reactions ; electron transport rate ; photoprotective mechanism ; state transitions ; PSII repair cycle ; vegetation structure ; environmental variables ; PC-ORD ; plant community assembly ; Himalaya ; allopolyploidy ; interspecific hybridization ; unreduced gametes ; cytological diploidization ; genomic changes ; root length ; root/shoot ratio ; specific root length ; Saragolle Lucana ; seed coating ; heavy metals ; evolution ; hyperaccumulation ; black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) ; anthocyanin stability ; herbs ; co-pigmentation ; color stability ; functional foods/beverages ; biotechnological tools ; ethnomedicine ; in vitro culture ; genetic improvement ; pollen ; tip growth ; calcium ; calcium dependent protein kinase ; Rho Guanine Dissociation Inhibitor ; ROP GTPase ; RhoGDI displacement factor ; polarity ; guar ; gene expression ; qRT-PCR ; RNA-Seq ; salt stress ; salt tolerance ; stress ; transcriptome ; D-tagatose ; IFP48 ; induced resistance ; sweet immunity ; sugar-enhanced defense ; Plasmopara viticola ; Botrytis cinerea ; Vitis vinifera ; human diet ; edible wild plants ; Plantago coronopus L. ; Rumex acetosa L. ; Cichorium intybus L. ; Artemisia dracunculus L. ; phytochemistry ; anti-inflammatory properties ; stem photosynthesis ; hydraulic recovery ; soaking ; X-ray micro-CT ; bark water uptake ; embolism ; genetic resources ; Solanaceae ; Cucumis ; Lactuca ; diversity ; vegetables ; genebank ; essential oil ; iNOS ; interleukin ; lavenders ; NF-κB ; glycosyltransferases ; ER-Golgi trafficking ; mechanism of protein sorting ; COPI and COPII complexes ; sequences and motifs involved in trafficking ; Arabidopsis ; gene regulation ; protein-protein interaction ; transcription factor ; WRI1 ; TCP20 ; lipases ; lipid metabolism ; plant-environment interactions ; reproductive development ; vegetative development ; Urtica dioica ; soilless systems ; cultivated nettle ; stress factors ; functional properties ; preharvest sprouting ; MKK3 ; maternal and paternal expressed genes ; imprinted genes ; polycomb repressive complex 2 ; mRNA processing bodies ; ribonucleic binding proteins ; monosomes ; ethylene ; elicitors ; fruit ripening ; ACC synthase/oxidase ; GC-MS ; polyamines ; Vigna genus ; introgression ; hybridisation ; phylogeny ; de novo domestication ; feralisation ; novel ecosystems ; complex networks ; tree communities ; Lantana camara ; Prosopis juliflora ; ascorbic acid ; genetic diversity ; molecular markers ; aquaculture pond sediment ; recovery ; Triticum aestivum ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; wheat grass juice quality ; UV-B radiation ; olive tree ; metabolomic ; phenolic profile ; lipophilic profile ; ecophysiology ; environment ; arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis ; comparative transcriptomics ; Arum-type ; Paris-type ; Solanum lycopersicum ; Rhizophagus irregularis ; Gigaspora margarita ; Camelina sativa ; semi-arid lands ; biofuel feedstock ; biodiesel ; renewable diesel ; crop breeding ; transgenesis ; genome editing ; Xanthomonas euvesicatoria ; host associate factor ; comparative genomics ; Cannabis sativa L. ; chemovars ; secondary metabolites ; trichomes ; residual by-products ; biogeography ; cardioid ; islands ; geometric models ; Mediterranean flora ; Silene ; super-ellipse ; abscisic acid ; aromatic herb ; ascorbate-glutathione cycle ; jasmonic acid ; lipoic acid ; oxidative stress ; salicylic acid ; Salvia officinalis ; drought ; state of stress ; tolerance ; avoidance ; stress survival ; amino acids ; nitrate reductase ; glutamine synthetase ; plants mycorrhized ; dark septate ; Daphne genkwa ; Thymelaeaceae ; flavonoids ; design of experiments ; blooming stages ; germination stimulant ; witchweed ; methyl phenlactonoates (MPs) ; Nijmegen-1 ; weed ; plant development ; vasculature ; leaf traces ; structure ; microtomography ; Euphorbiaceae ; in vitro crop ; gamma radiation ; ionizing radiation ; mutants ; Fumaria scheleicheri Soy. Will. ; isoquinoline alkaloids ; HPLC-DAD ; in vitro anti-cholinesterase ; cytotoxic ; antioxidant ; ABC model ; hop ; transcription factors ; type-II MADS box ; type-I MADS-box ; AFLP ; carpological traits ; genetic structure ; molecular systematics ; plastid phylogeny ; Valerianaceae ; auxins ; embryogenic calli ; HPLC ; IAA ; immunohistochemistry ; deficit irrigation ; grape quality ; phenology ; plant diseases ; bacterium ; symptoms ; molecular classification ; common juniper ; common larch ; Cupressaceae ; Pinaceae ; SPME-GC-MS ; volatile compounds ; herbicidal activity ; weed control ; trait association ; GCV ; genetic variability ; genetic advance ; heritability ; PCV ; Cicer arietinum L. ; gold nanoparticles ; carbon nanotubes ; ATR-FTIR spectroscopy ; machine learning techniques ; principal component analysis ; support vector machine classification ; citrus ; melanose ; Diaporthe citri ; epidemiology ; symptomatology ; Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis ; resistance-nodulation-cell division transporter ; type-three secretion system ; phytoalexin ; brassinin ; glucosinolate ; cabbage ; flowering ; juvenile traits ; genetic stability ; flow cytometry ; somaclonal variation ; thorniness ; carbohydrates ; protein ; lipids ; fatty acids ; minerals ; plastome ; Plicosepalus acaciae ; Plicosepalus curviflorus ; loranthaceae ; mistletoe ; phylogenetic relationship ; plastome structure ; comparative analysis ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Solanum tuberosum ; multi-exponential transverse relaxation ; water stress ; broccoli ; human nutrition ; improved health ; melatonin ; postharvest ; apricot ; pollen tube ; pollination ; Prunus armeniaca ; S-alleles ; Populus ; hexokinase ; sucrose metabolism ; sugar signaling ; stress and defense ; centres of origin ; crop wild relatives ; crop domestication ; cryopreservation ; conservation ; in vitro storage ; ecosystem restoration ; plant breeding ; acidification ; alkalinisation ; bud burst ; freezing ; Malus domestica ; pH ; Picea abies ; Pinus cembra ; histone modification ; Taraxacum kok-saghyz ; natural rubber ; high light stress ; singlet oxygen ; signalling ; GPX5 ; beta cyclocitral ; acrolein ; glutathione peroxidase ; carbonyl ; transcription ; SLIM1 transcription factor ; sulfur deficiency ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; sulfate transporter ; sulfate assimilation ; stress tolerance ; LRR-RLK receptors ; dodders ; parasitic plants ; proteomics ; virus vertical transmission ; CMV-Fny strain ; pseudorecombinant virus ; chimeric virus ; infection rate ; seed-growth tests ; electron microscopy ; circular dichroism spectroscopy ; viral assembly ; Adiantetea capilli-veneris ; demographic analysis ; ecology ; IUCN ; plant conservation ; phytosociology ; rupicolous habitat ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Numerous biotic and abiotic stresses can significantly decrease crop growth and yields. In the context of climate change, stresses will be more frequent in the coming years and will have an even more severe impact on agricultural systems. As a result, crop production could be drastically reduced, with the consequences aggravated by the fact that the world’s growing population will require more food production. Furthermore, among abiotic stresses, the salinity of soils and water for agricultural use, as well as drought, particularly impact crops. For these reasons, sustainable measures need to be implemented to maintain/increase crop production and ensure the resilience of agricultural systems. To this end, biostimulants, materials that can increase crop productivity and the quality profile of end products, are an increasingly popular solution. The primary function of biostimulants is improving nutrient use efficiency, quality traits, and stress tolerance, as well as ensuring the bioavailability of nutrients in the soil or rhizosphere. Therefore, this Special Issue published research on the effects of biostimulants on helping crops to cope with abiotic stresses, focusing on salt and drought stress. In addition, scientific contributions on the use of biostimulants to counteract other abiotic stresses, such as potentially toxic metals and extreme temperatures, are also welcome. New substances with biostimulant action and studies investigating the mechanisms of action of biostimulants and their qualitative, economic, and environmental benefits will also be considered.
    Keywords: bread wheat ; water table ; salinity ; gluten ; sedimentation ; abiotic stress ; germination ; plant growth ; reactive oxygen species ; toxic ions ; biostimulant ; aquatic species ; photosynthesis ; plant nutrition ; bioactive metabolites ; Miscanthus spp. ; drought tolerance ; photosynthetic parameters ; bioenergy crops ; automated irrigation control ; plant growth-promoting bacteria ; biological control ; antioxidants enzymes ; plant microbiome ; temperature stress ; elevated CO2 ; UV-B ; Brassica oleracea ; Brassica juncea ; green synthesis ; priming ; osmolytes ; oxidative stress ; salt ; sorghum ; buchu extract ; ZnO NPs ; antioxidant ; Olea europaea L. ; selenium ; heat stress ; Ca2+-cytosolic ; pollen germination ; Rapid high temperature ; Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ; Catalase ; Chlorogenic acid ; Key metabolic mechanisms ; bostimulation ; plant extract ; Hordeum vulgare ; growth performance ; production components ; root elongation ; aluminum toxicity ; antioxidant enzyme ; nitrate ; wheat ; abiotic stress tolerance ; seaweeds ; protection ; plant functionality ; grain weight ; yield ; drought ; Solanum lycopersicum ; biostimulation ; plant tissue ; plant response ; enhancement of tolerance ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: It has been known that cellular glutathione content and its speciation play a role, among others, in redox homeostasis, cell cycle control, immunological defense, and pathological abnormalities. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in the biotransformation of drugs and other endogenous or exogenous electrophilic species. Most of these cellular functions are related to the thiol function of the cysteine moiety.This reprint presents the publications that appeared in the Special Issue of Molecules, “Glutathione: Chemistry and Biochemistry.” The first three contributions review the present-day knowledge of the GSH/GSSG system and the most important GSH-related proteins involved in regulating various cellular events. The subsequent four contributions present selected interventions that modulate the GSSG/2GSH system. One of the contributions to this session describes a new HPLC method to quantify the reduced and oxidized glutathione levels. The third session involves three contributions demonstrating the role of GSH in the metabolism of different candidate and clinically used anticancer drugs. One of the contributions, a theoretical work, provides helpful information for developing GSH analogs with high ACE inhibitor activity.By purpose and content, this Special Issue is addressed to the vast number of life science researchers (academic and industrial) and medical professionals who are interested in or already engaged in research that involves glutathione.
    Keywords: cyclophosphamide ; autoimmune diseases ; glutathione ; glutathione-S-transferase ; polymorphism ; glutaredoxin ; iron-sulfur cluster ; iron ; S-glutathionylation ; S-nitrosylation ; GSH ; nitrosoglutathione ; redox-regulation ; polymerized whey protein ; physicochemical properties ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; chalcone ; cysteine ; thiols ; Michael addition ; diastereoselective addition ; reactive oxygen species ; oxidative stress ; nanotoxicity ; cell injury ; fluorescence probes ; brain ; liquid chromatography ; diode array detector ; anticancer drugs ; mechanisms of glutathione conjugation reaction ; detoxification ; bioactivation ; sulodexide ; endothelial cells ; ischemia ; apoptosis ; GSSG ; GCLc ; GSS ; redox potential ; supramolecular arrangement ; M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) ; DFT ; molecular docking ; angiotensin-converting enzyme ; cell ; redox homeostasis ; glutathionylation ; glutathione system ; glutathione enzyme ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Keywords: iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles ; silica coating ; magnetic hyperthermia ; cancer cells ; alamar blue ; neutral red ; A549 ; A35 ; BJ ; ultrasmall magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles ; inflammatory pain ; analgesia ; pro-inflammatory cytokines ; neurotoxicity ; long-term potentiation ; solid lipid nanoparticles ; magnetic nanoparticles ; magnetic solid lipid nanoparticles ; cancer theranostics ; MRI-contrast agents ; pulsed laser ablation in liquids ; multimodal imaging ; MRI ; CT ; photothermal therapy ; iron-gold nanoparticles ; pharmacokinetics ; magnetic targeting ; micro-systems ; nano-systems ; drug delivery ; nanoparticles ; microparticles ; targeted delivery ; magnetic guidance ; theranostics ; imaging ; AC biosuceptometry ; cirrhosis-associated rat hepatocarcinogenesis ; nanotechnology ; magnetoresponsive nanocomposite ; functional coating ; particle targeting ; particle aggregation ; stent targeting ; nanomedicine ; MRI technology ; patient-centred healthcare ; iron oxide nanoparticles ; paramagnetic salinomycin complexes ; bacterial ghosts ; gadolinium ; manganese ; lectin ; PLGA ; ConA ; magnetic polymer nanoparticles ; MPQ ; allografts ; photodynamic therapy ; IR775 ; image-guided therapy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: As an important tool of systems biology, proteomics has enabled a deep understanding of different plant processes and functions. Complemented with genomic data, computational tools, and improved sample preparation strategies, proteomics has an unprecedented opportunity to characterize plant proteoforms in high spatial and temporal resolution. This special issue of Plant Proteomic Research 4.0 captures the recent advancements in proteomics and addresses the current challenges of plant stress response and resilience in the ever-changing climate. It contains 12 articles, including three reviews and nine original research articles. The three reviews deal with pollen phosphoproteomics, starch biosynthesis-related proteins and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) in rice developing seeds, and PTMs of waxy proteins in rice grain. The nine research articles include three related to temperature, two on water stress, two on salt stress, one on fungal pathogen, and the last one on field-grown potato apoplast proteome. The articles reflect the current frontiers of plant proteomics, focusing on themes of environmental stresses, proteoforms/PTMs, crop species, and new development in data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. They provide readers insights into current technologies, their utility in understanding plant growth and resilience, as well as directions of proteomics in the frontiers of systems biology and synthetic biology.
    Keywords: peptide markers ; Quercus ilex ; drought tolerance ; targeted post-acquisition proteomics ; plant pathogenesis responses ; quantitative proteomics ; data-independent acquisition ; Phytophthora infestans ; waxy ; amylose ; posttranslational modification ; GBSSI ; rice ; wheat ; salt stress ; physiological characteristics ; ER proteome ; label-free quantitation ; starch biosynthesis ; proteomics ; starch functionality ; cooking and eating quality ; Mesembryanthemum crystallinum ; McHB7 ; transcription factor ; late embryogenesis abundant ; Arabidopsis ; seed germination ; metabolomics ; heat-stable proteome ; dehydrins ; LEA transcripts ; intrinsically disordered proteins ; floral thermogenesis ; Nelumbo nucifera ; DIA-based quantitative proteomics ; time series analysis ; protein-protein interaction network ; WGCNA ; mutant soybean ; flooding ; glycoprotein folding ; fermentation ; cell death ; rice endosperm ; phosphorylation ; high temperature ; sucrose and starch metabolism ; ABPP ; apoplast ; serine hydrolases ; β-glycosidases ; potato ; field-omics ; phosphoproteomics ; pollen tube ; male gametophyte ; root hair ; signal transduction ; kinase motif ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The papers included in this Special Issue address a variety of important aspects of plant biodiversity and genetic resources, including definitions, descriptions, and illustrations of different components and their value for food and nutrition security, breeding, and environmental services. Furthermore, comprehensive information is provided regarding conservation approaches and techniques for plant genetic resources, policy aspects, and results of biological, genetic, morphological, economic, social, and breeding-related research activities. The complexity and vulnerability of (plant) biodiversity and its inherent genetic resources, as an integral part of the contextual ecosystem and the human web of life, are clearly demonstrated in this Special Issue, and for several encountered problems and constraints, possible approaches or solutions are presented to overcome these.
    Keywords: climate change ; combined drought and heat stress ; drought ; heat ; landraces ; maize ; Rhododendron ; conservation strategies ; genetic differentiation ; gene flow ; populations contraction ; AFLP ; genetic diversity ; invasive ; Poaceae ; population genetics ; range expansion ; genebanks ; forage germplasm ; grasses ; legumes ; seed storage ; conservation ; seed longevity ; seed germination ; monitoring ; regeneration ; pea landraces ; Amorgos ; Schinoussa ; DNA Barcoding ; ISSR genotyping ; HRM analysis ; powdery mildew ; ex situ conservation ; germination ; longevity ; plant genetic resources ; agrobiodiversity ; genebank ; genebank management ; seed physiology ; seed quality management ; Carthamus tinctorius ; genotyping by sequencing ; germplasm characterization ; GWAS ; oilseed crop ; DArT markers ; macadamia ; dendrogram ; principal coordinate analysis ; population structure ; wild species ; malnutrition ; food security ; vegetables ; genetic resources ; home gardens ; community seedbanks ; variety introduction ; vegetable breeding ; high-throughput phenotyping ; statistical modelling ; phenotypic breeding ; genomic selection ; Solanum chacoense ; stress tolerance ; Brassica oleracea ; diversity ; SNP ; atolls ; leafy vegetables ; non-communicable diseases (NCD) ; nutrition security ; mineral nutrients ; natural biofortification ; crop wild relatives ; biological features ; use ; local ; national and global efforts ; policy ; gene donors ; pre-breeding ; breeding ; cross-sectoral collaboration ; crop wild relatives (CWR) ; drylands ; Kitui county ; wild food plants ; Cyprus ; domestication ; microsatellites ; Vitis vinifera subsp. sativa ; Vitis vinifera subsp. Sylvestris ; Fraxinus spp. ; manna ; local varieties nSSR ; cpSSR ; cytometry ; morphological traits ; documentation ; agricultural biodiversity ; wheat ; genome-wide association studies ; association mapping ; stripe rust ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antioxidants ; catechin ; Erodium crassifolium ; underutilized species ; agro-biodiversity ; centres of origin ; geographic distribution ; phylogenetic diversity ; useful plants ; Vavilov centres ; plant breeding ; climate change adaptation ; developing countries ; Punica protopunica Balf. ; Punica granatum L. ; Punica genera ; Lythraceae ; nitrogen fixation ; symbiosis ; bean ; landrace ; PPB ; participatory breeding ; climate resilient ; Honduras ; banana ; desiccation tolerance ; Musa ; Papua New Guinea ; seed conservation ; seed storage behaviour ; crop diversity ; drought tolerance ; genetic approaches ; neglected and underutilized species ; plant genetic resources for food and agriculture ; access and benefit sharing ; multilateral system ; CGIAR ; nutrition data ; multi-sectoral collaboration ; payment for ecosystem services ; payment for environmental services ; agrobiodiversity conservation ; agricultural adaptation ; clonal crops ; collection management ; cryobiotechnology ; cryopreservation ; field collections ; field maintenance ; germplasm storage ; in vitro conservation ; recalcitrant seeds ; genetic erosion ; ex situ and in situ conservation ; diversification ; sustainability ; food and nutrition security ; crop genetic resources ; diagnostics ; germplasm ; crop breeding ; pathogen ; pest ; Plant Treaty ; phytosanitary regulations ; transboundary pests ; invasive species ; prevention ; quarantine ; seed ; seed health ; virus indexing ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book collects six papers published in the Agronomy Special Issue "New Advances on Nutrients Recovery from Agro-Industrial and Livestock Wastes for Sustainable Farming" that aim to furnish new information on nutrients recovery from organic wastes.
    Keywords: Capsicum annuun L. ; compost tea ; bio-stimulant ; plant nutrients ; biocontrol ; pathogens ; wastewater ; rice straw ; cow manure ; Eisenia fetida ; biological parameters ; vermicomposting ; waste management ; germination ; microbial community ; organic fertilization ; wheat ; potatoes ; legume-cereal mix ; corn ; yield ; organic waste ; manure ; nematode community ; 16S ; bacterial community ; biological treatments ; biomass ; nutrients recovery ; recycle ; waste treatment ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can be broadly divided into several regions: the stomach, the small intestine (which is subdivided to duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and the colon. The conditions and environment in each of these segments, and even within the segment, are dependent on many factors, e.g., the surrounding pH, fluid composition, transporters expression, metabolic enzymes activity, tight junction resistance, different morphology along the GIT, variable intestinal mucosal cell differentiation, changes in drug concentration (in cases of carrier-mediated transport), thickness and types of mucus, and resident microflora. Each of these variables, alone or in combination with others, can fundamentally alter the solubility/dissolution, the intestinal permeability, and the overall absorption of various drugs. This is the underlying mechanistic basis of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption, which has led to many attempts to deliver drugs to specific regions throughout the GIT, aiming to optimize drug absorption, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and/or pharmacodynamics. In the book "Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption: Biopharmaceutics and Drug Formulation" we aim to highlight the current progress and to provide an overview of the latest developments in the field of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption and delivery, as well as pointing out the unmet needs of the field.
    Keywords: bioequivalence ; Biopharmaceutics Classification System ; in vitro ; dissolution test ; pravastatin ; oral absorption ; in silico modeling ; GastroPlus ; Phoenix WinNonlin ; pharmacokinetics ; clinical studies ; ibuprofen ; manometry ; gastrointestinal ; mechanistic modeling ; PBPK ; PBBM ; disintegration ; dissolution ; enteric-coated ; ICH ; quality control ; regional intestinal permeability ; permeation enhancers ; absorption-modifying excipients ; oral peptide delivery ; intestinal perfusion ; pharmaceutical development ; controlled release drug product ; biopharmaceutics classification system ; drug solubility ; drug permeability ; location-dependent absorption ; segregated flow intestinal model (SFM) ; traditional model (TM) ; route-dependent intestinal metabolism ; first-pass effect ; drug-drug interactions ; DDI ; in vitro in vivo extrapolations ; IVIVE ; zero-order absorption ; first-order absorption ; combined zero- and first-order absorption ; transit compartment absorption model ; in situ perfusion ; microdevices ; shape ; mucoadhesion ; colon absorption ; nutrient digestion ; nutrient absorption ; gastrointestinal hormone ; postprandial glycaemia ; energy intake ; region of the gut ; obesity ; type 2 diabetes ; Franz–PAMPA ; BCS drugs ; biomimetic membrane ; Franz cell ; passive drug transport ; BCS class IV drugs ; segmental-dependent intestinal permeability ; intestinal absorption ; oral drug delivery ; biopharmaceutics ; physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling ; furosemide ; intestinal permeability ; human colon carcinoma cell layer (Caco-2) ; hierarchical support vector regression (HSVR) ; drug absorption ; drug solubility/dissolution ; regional/segmental-dependent permeability and absorption ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Crop contamination by mycotoxins is a global problem that poses significant economic burdens due to a number of factors, including the food/feed losses that are caused by reduced production rates; the resulting adverse effects on human and animal health and productivity; and the trade losses associated with the costs incurred by inspection, sampling, and analysis before and after shipments. In this scenario, the development of fit-for-purpose analytical methods for regulated and (re)-emerging mycotoxins continues to be a dynamic research area. Some of the current trends in this research area are presented in this book. The collected contributions address either the need for improved methods for mycotoxin detection addressed by new or incoming regulation (ergot alkaloids and Alternaria toxins) as well as methods for the detection of multiple mycotoxins. New approaches to enhance the performance of well-established methodologies, such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescence polarization immunoassays (FPIA), are also addressed.
    Keywords: FPIA ; mycotoxin ; OTA ; detection methods ; food safety ; monoclonal antibody (mAb) ; tracer ; HPLC ; trichothecenes ; zearalenone ; Fusarium toxins ; wheat ; liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry ; official control ; collaborative study ; ergot alkaloids ; sum parameter method ; hydrazinolysis ; esterification ; swine feed ; dairy feed ; UHPLC-MS/MS ; aflatoxin B1 ; recombinant AflR gene ; VICAM ; I-ELISA ; peanut ; wheat flour ; milk powder ; LC-MS/MS method ; cereal products ; occurrence ; alternariol ; antibody ; ELISA ; hapten design ; immunoassay ; linker site ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) are groups of rhizosphere microorganisms capable of colonizing the root environment. Some of the microbes that inhabit this zone are bacteria and fungi that are capable of efficiently colonizing roots and rhizosphere soil. These microorganisms can be used as biofertilizers for improving agricultural production even under stressful environmental conditions. In contrast to PGPM, plant growth regulators (PGR) are chemical compounds that significantly affect the growth and differentiation of plant cells and tissues. They function as chemical messengers for intercellular communication and play a vital role in plant signaling networks as they are involved in the plant developmental process and a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress responses. The application of PGPM and plant growth regulators/hormones or the synthesis of PGR and signal transduction, perception, and cross-talk creates a complex network that plays an essential role in the regulation of plant physiological processes. A better understanding of the mechanism of action of PGPM and PGR and their roles in plant growth and development, interaction and independence in their action, and hormonal crosstalk under stresses is essential for agricultural production and research. Therefore, this book has contributions in the form of research and review papers from eminent scientists worldwide and discusses the role of PGPM and PGR in agriculture production and research, their potentials as biocontrol agents, their effects on physicochemical properties of soil, innovation for sustainable agriculture, their role in seed transplanting, and their role in mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses.
    Keywords: Paecilomyces ; PGPF ; tomato ; pepper ; plant probiotic microorganisms ; Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) ; Solanum lycopersicum L. ; secondary metabolites ; plant insect interactions ; seaweed extract ; phytohormone profiling ; fertilizers ; antioxidant ; plant growth regulators ; brown seaweed ; green algae ; abiotic stresses ; cell membrane stability ; climate change ; osmolytes ; polyamines ; bacterial community composition ; liquid food waste materials (LFM) ; plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) ; plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits ; salinity ; PGPR ; wheat ; compatible solutes ; antioxidant enzymes ; Trichoderma ; plant growth promotion ; biostimulant ; aridity ; Bacillus sp. ; biochar ; nutrient availability ; organic matter ; soil health ; mVOCs ; Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria ; Mentha piperita ; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03 ; salt stress ; MDA ; DPPH ; Bradyrhizobium japonicum ; Pseudomonas putida ; plant growth ; plant nutrients ; soil enzymes ; soil nutrients ; soybean ; sweet pepper ; Bacillus ; chitosan ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; fruit yield ; plant growth promoting microorganisms ; abiotic stress ; biotic stress ; flavonoids ; biotic and abiotic stress ; symbiosis ; signaling ; rhizobium ; AMF ; allelopathy ; biocontrol Aspergillus japonicus ; root-knot nematode ; fermentation filtrate ; biological control ; seed germination ; α-Tocopherol ; antioxidants ; drought ; nutrient dynamics ; tissue specific response ; deep N fertilization ; peroxidase activity ; catalase activity ; rice cultivation ; ABA biosynthesis ; drought stress ; gene expression ; signaling network ; transporters ; Zea mays L. ; environmental stresses ; endophytic bacteria ; plant growth promoting ability ; chromium ; Staphylococcus aureus ; oxidative stress ; available phosphorus ; enriched compost ; poultry litter ; rock phosphate ; pear trees ; PGR ; sustainable development ; crop nutrition ; fertiliser ; Timac Agro Italia ; allelopathic bacteria ; antimetabolites ; phytotoxic metabolites ; rhizobacteria ; weed invasion ; anthocyanins ; color ; fruit size ; phenolics ; Punica granatum ; PGPMs (plant growth-promoting microorganisms) ; tee tree oil ; plant biostimulants ; soil-borne phytopathogens ; antagonistic fungi ; biocontrol ; biotic effect ; crop production ; RIDER ; drylands ; water conservation ; biomass reduction ; cereal crops ; growth regulators ; metal stress ; sugar beet ; nitrogen fertilizer ; gibberellic acid ; TSS ; sugar yield ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book is a compendium of scientific articles submitted to a Special Issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences, fostered by MDPI and curated by Dr. Annamaria Sandomenico and Dr. Menotti Ruvo from the Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging of the National Research Council. All articles underwent a rigorous peer review and were selected to highlight the properties that make monoclonal antibodies and their functional fragments some of the most useful and versatile assets in therapy and diagnosis.
    Keywords: porcine deltacoronavirus ; nucleocapsid ; monoclonal antibodies ; neurodegenerative disorders ; affibody molecules ; blood–brain barrier ; receptor-mediated transcytosis ; transferrin receptor ; AL amyloidosis ; CD38 ; anti-CD38 MoAb ; Daratumumab ; Isatuximab ; myeloma ; BCMA ; bispecific T-cell engager ; antibody-drug conjugates ; chimeric antigen receptor T-cells ; belantamab mafodotin ; idecabtagene vicleucel ; JNJ-68284528 ; Mabs ; Antibody-Drug Conjugate ; cancer therapy ; drug targeting ; payload ; cross-linking ; antibody fragment ; Fab ; scFv ; E. coli ; YKL-40 ; CHI3L1 ; monoclonal antibody ; phage display ; lung metastasis ; prostate-specific membrane antigen ; in vivo imaging ; prostate cancer ; glutamate carboxypeptidase II ; NAALADase ; immunization ; antibody ; protocol ; guinea pig ; cDNA ; chimeric antigen receptor (CAR T) ; universal CAR T ; modular CAR T ; universal immune receptor ; CAR adaptor ; adoptive immunotherapy ; split CAR ; bispecific ; polyspecificity ; pharmacokinetics ; solubility ; aggregation ; viscosity ; developability ; stability ; affinity ; specificity ; protein engineering ; self-association ; non-specific binding ; immunogenicity ; antibody fragments ; single chain ; amyloid ; oligomer ; neurotoxicity ; NUsc1 ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Derivatization is one of the most widely used sample pretreatment techniques in Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Analysis. Reagent-based or reagent-less schemes offer improved detectability of target compounds, modification of the chromatographic properties and/or the stabilization of sensitive compounds until analysis. Either coupled with separation techniques or as a “stand alone” analytical procedure, derivatization offers endless possibilities in all aspects of analytical applications.
    Keywords: tyrosine kinase inhibitors ; chloranilic acid ; charge-transfer reaction ; 96-microwell spectrophotometric assay ; high-throughput pharmaceutical analysis ; biogenic amines ; Lycium barbarum L. ; HPLC ; derivatization ; amino acids ; esterification ; GC–MS ; pentafluoropropionic anhydride ; stability ; toluene ; pigment ; linseed oil ; derivatisation ; quantification ; P/S ratio ; A/P ratio ; ∑D ; GC-MS ; ureide ; BSTFA ; creatine ; creatinine ; silylation ; TMS ; validation ; low-molecular-weight thiols ; human serum albumin ; α-lipoic acid ; blood plasma ; monobromobimane ; reduction ; sodium borohydride ; high-performance liquid chromatography ; fluorescence detection ; taurine ; glutamine ; clams ; high-resolution mass spectrometry ; nerve agents ; methylation ; chemical warfare agents ; sarin ; Novichoks ; 2-naphthalenethiol ; sulforaphane ; HPLC-UV/Vis ; pharmacokinetics ; acetonitrile-related adducts ; acetylenic lipids ; double and triple bond localization ; in-source derivatization ; mass spectrometry ; acetazolamide ; carbonic anhydrase ; enhancement ; inhibition ; pentafluorobenzyl bromide ; chiral metabolomics ; rice water ; d-amino acids ; enantiomer separation ; dimethyl labeling ; homocysteine thiolactone ; homocysteine ; zone fluidics ; o-phthalaldehyde ; fluorosurfactant-modified gold nanoparticles ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Environmental abiotic stresses, such as extreme temperatures, drought, excess light, salinity, and nutrient deficiency, have detrimental effects on plant growth, development, and yield. Plants are equipped with various adaptation mechanisms to cope with such unfavorable conditions. Our understanding of plants’ abiotic stress responses is crucial to maintaining efficient plant productivity. This book on the responses of plants to environmental stresses is an attempt to find answers to several basic questions related to their adaptation and protective mechanisms against abiotic stresses. The following chapters of the book describe examples of plants’ protective strategies, which cover physiological, cellular, biochemical, and genomic mechanisms. This book is aimed for use by advanced students and researchers in the area of stress biology, plant molecular biology and physiology, agriculture, biochemistry, as well as environmental sciences.
    Keywords: Heterogeneous water stress ; Phyllostachys edulis ; Rhizome ; Vascular bundle ; Stress Signal ; Physiological characteristics ; isoprene ; ocimene ; heat stress ; water stress ; ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich) ; transcriptome ; nitrogen deficiency ; resilience ; nitrogen-use efficiency ; eggplant ; heat shock factor ; gene family ; expression profile ; abiotic stress ; Malus. ‘Prairifire’ ; photosynthetic characteristics ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; 2-dimensional electrophoresis ; diurnal regulation ; OsGI ; rice ; U-box E3 ligase ; barley ; ABC gene family ; gene expression ; alarm photosynthesis ; Antarctic ; oxalate oxidase ; Elymus sibiricus, seed aging ; isobaric tandem mass tag labeling ; reactive oxygen species ; parallel reaction monitoring ; Dendrobium catenatum ; superoxide dismutase (SOD) ; stresses ; antioxidative enzyme activity ; low pH ; proline ; protein ; wheat ; WRKY transcription factor ; gene structural characteristics ; regulatory mechanism ; drought ; salinity ; heat ; cold ; ultraviolet radiation ; rainfed ; irrigated ; Gossypium hirsutum ; antioxidant activity ; growth inhibition ; ion homeostasis ; salt stress ; rhizoboxes ; gaseous exchange ; sub-Saharan Africa ; root length density
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This book covers the most recent research trends and applications of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry. The included topics range from the adulteration of dietary supplements, to the determination of drugs in biological samples with the aim to investigate their pharmacokinetic properties.
    Keywords: growth hormone ; long-acting Fc-fusion recombinant human growth hormone ; method validation ; cell-based bioassay ; reporter gene assay ; pharmacokinetics ; tissue distribution ; alnustone ; rats ; LC-MS/MS ; inflammatory bowel disease ; fixed-dose combination ; biomimetic chromatography ; thiopurine immunosuppressants ; folic acid ; doxorubicin ; hernandezine ; pharmacokinetic study ; drug–drug interaction ; gardneramine ; monoterpenoid indole alkaloid ; memantine ; rimantadine ; amantadine ; zone fluidics ; o-phthalaldehyde ; derivatization ; stopped-flow ; quality control ; anwuligan ; rat ; optode ; polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride ; lactone-rhodamine B ; contact-lens detergent ; dietary supplement ; adulteration ; low-field NMR ; multivariate analysis ; steroids ; Partial Least Squares regression ; in vitro permeability ; predictive model ; ketamine ; norketamine ; high throughput bar adsorptive microextraction ; LVI-GC-MS(SIM) ; urine ; baricitinib ; UPLC-MS/MS ; irbersartan ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The protection and maintenance of environmental resources for future generations require responsible interaction between humans and the environment in order to avoid wasting natural resources. According to an ancient Native American proverb, “We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.” This indigenous wisdom has the potential to play a significant role in defining environmental sustainability. Recent technological advances could sustain humankind and allow for comfortable living. However, not all of these advancements have the potential to protect the environment for future generations. Developing societies and maintaining the sustainability of the ecosystem require appropriate wisdom, technology, and management collaboration. This book is a collection of 19 important articles (15 research articles, 3 review papers, and 1 editorial) that were published in the Special Issue of the journal Sustainability entitled “Appropriate Wisdom, Technology, and Management toward Environmental Sustainability for Development” during 2021-2022.addresses the policymakers and decision-makers who are willing to develop societies that practice environmental sustainability, by collecting the most recent contributions on the appropriate wisdom, technology, and management regarding the different aspects of a community that can retain environmental sustainability.
    Keywords: metals ; arsenic ; pollution ; Mexico ; developing countries ; landfill ; urban solid waste ; disposal ; waste management ; sustainable development goals ; ethnobotany ; human health ; poverty ; traditional knowledge ; sustainable agriculture ; wheat ; seed rate ; yield effect ; dose–response ; seed recycling ; cost–benefit analysis ; blockchain ; SDGs ; innovation ; COVID-19 ; green recovery ; scorecard ; construction sector ; economy ; intersectoral linkages ; VECM ; forecasting ; sustainable development ; eco-friendly sound-absorbing material ; corrugated cardboard ; perforated corrugated cardboard ; sound-absorption coefficient ; sound transmission loss ; transfer function method ; transfer matrix method ; multi-frequency resonator ; self-compacting concrete ; crumb rubber ; strength ; silica fume ; response surface methodology ; biodiesel ; engine performance ; emissions ; natural feedstocks ; production method ; ethical marketing ; extended marketing mix ; consumer brand relationships ; brand loyalty ; sustainability ; rice husk ; power plants ; CO2 ; emission reductions ; Clean Development Mechanism ; rural clean heating project ; rural Gansu ; potential solutions ; benchmarking ; fisheries ; aquaculture ; food security ; Bangladesh ; humanitarian logistics ; pandemic ; economic reactivation ; spatial modelling ; sustainable construction ; construction waste reduction ; modelling of waste (reduce, reuse and recycle) ; PLS-SEM ; industry 4.0 ; circular economy ; environmental regulations ; manufacturing supply chains ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; groundwater level ; groundwater resource ; groundwater management models ; groundwater monitoring system ; wireless sensor network ; MENA Islamic cities ; urban management ; sustainable built environment ; supplier selection ; product life cycle cost ; geometric mean weighting ; penalty weighting ; multiobjective linear programming ; revised multichoice goal programming ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue on ‘Advances in Cereal Crops Breeding’ comprises 10 papers covering a wide range of subjects, including the expression-level investigation of genes in terms of salinity stress adaptations and their relationships with proteomics in rice, the use of genetic analysis to assess the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) in promising hybrids of maize, the use of DNA markers based on PCR in rice, the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in wheat and simple sequence repeats (SSR) in rice, the use of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in cereals, and Nanopore direct RNA sequencing of related with LTR RNA retrotransposon in triticale prior to the genomic selection of heterotic maize hybrids.
    Keywords: maize ; density tolerance ; combining ability ; gene effects ; genetic diversity ; rice ; salinity ; submergence tolerance ; blast ; SSR markers ; PCR analysis ; long non-coding RNAs ; seed development ; Nanopore sequencing ; retrotransposons ; triticale ; prediction accuracy ; mixed linear and Bayesian models ; machine learning algorithms ; training set size and composition ; parametric and nonparametric models ; drought stress ; dendrogram ; barley ; breeding ; marker-assisted selection ; genes ; genetic resources ; genome editing ; health benefits ; metabolomics ; oat ; QTL ; wheat ; Triticum aestivum L. ; QMrl-7B ; root traits ; grain yield ; nitrogen use efficiency ; GWAS ; salinity tolerance ; Vietnamese landraces ; abiotic stress ; root ; auxin ; YUCCA ; PIN ; proteomics ; mass spectrometry ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Herbaceous field crops include several hundred plant species worldly widespread for different end-uses, from food to no-food applications. Among them are included cereals, grain legumes, sugar beet, potato, cotton, tobacco, sunflower, safflower, rape, flax, soybean, alfalfa, clover spp. and other fodder crops, but only 15–20 species play a relevant role for the worldly global economy. Nowadays, to meet the food demand of the ever-increasing world population in a scenario of decreased arable lands, the development of holistic agricultural management approaches to boost contemporaneously yield and quality of herbaceous field crops is essential. Accordingly, this book represents an up-to-date collection of the current understanding of the impact of several agricultural management factors (i.e., genetic selection, planting density and arrangement, fertilization, irrigation, weed control and harvest time) on the yield and qualitative performances of 11 field crops (wheat, cardoon, potato, clary sage, basil, sugarcane, canola, cotton, tomato, lettuce and hemp). On the whole, the topics covered in this book will ensure students and academic readers, such as plant physiologists, environmental scientists, biotechnologists, botanists, soil chemists and agronomists, to get the information about the recent research advances on the eco-sustainable management cultivation of herbaceous field crops, with a particular focus on varietal development, soil nutrient and water management, weed control, etc.
    Keywords: planting density ; fertilization ; the central composite design ; fiber yield ; analog optimization ; potato ; nitrogen fertilization ; environmental sustainability ; cost-effective ; nitrogen use efficiency ; tuber yield ; EONFR ; growth ; specific leaf nitrogen ; critical nitrogen uptake ; cotton ; dry matter yield ; root growth ; root physiology ; water productivity ; nitrogen productivity ; drip irrigation quota ; lint yield ; biomass ; leaf chlorophyll fluorescence ; leaf gas exchange ; leaf structure ; drought tolerance ; dry weight yield ; essential oil content ; leaf area index ; Ocimum basilicum ; potassium ; fertilizer ; biomass accumulation ; fiber quality ; organic farming system ; yield ; pH ; soluble solid content ; Bostwick viscosity ; phosphorus sensitivity ; phosphorus ; reproductive organ biomass ; nutrients accumulation ; plant density ; nitrogen fertilization rate ; photosynthesis rate ; SPAD readings ; nitrogen efficiency indices ; tuber nutritional composition ; cereal crops ; plant water extracts ; bioherbicides ; weed management ; allelopathy ; dual purpose canola ; nitrogen fertilizer ; oil content ; grazing ; sustainable agriculture ; integrated weed management ; yield losses ; preventive weed control ; mechanical weed control ; physical weed control ; biological weed control ; herbicides ; hybrids ; wheat ; weeds ; competition ; genetic gain ; genomic selection ; quantitative genetics ; sugarcane breeding ; pit plantation ; planting patterns ; ratoon crop ; sowing techniques ; sugarcane yield ; quality ; seasonal variation ; fatty acids ; free sugars ; chemical composition ; Cynara cardunculus L. ; cardoon ; organic acids ; clary sage ; essential oil ; aromatic plant species ; biometric and agronomic characteristics ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; organic farming ; calcareous soils ; crop physiology ; sustainability ; diatomaceous earth ; monosilicic acid ; Si application method ; soil water conditions ; wheat cultivar ; tocopherols ; lipidic fraction ; companion plants ; N-fertilization ; partial land equivalent ratio (PLER) ; weed control ; grain quality ; productivity ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The world population is expected to reach almost 10,000 million in 2050, so, it is necessary to use our resources efficiently: to produce more food using less land and pollute less, to optimize the production and use of biomass from diversified resources. For this, new approaches and processes, with special emphasis from a biotechnological perspective, may need to be implemented to move towards a circular model that will confer environmental sustainability. In this book, the analysis and optimization of some examples of food and bioproduct processes, as well as development of innovative and emerging food and byproducts processing methods, are considered. Valorization, bioprocessing, and biorefining of food-industry-based streams, the role of industrial microorganisms, the isolation of high added-value compounds, applications of the resulting bio-based chemicals in food manufacturing, novel food formulations, among others, are addressed.
    Keywords: vinegar ; wine ; acetification ; bioprocesses ; experimental design ; polynomial modelling ; black-box models ; eggplant ; anthocyanins ; natural colorants ; bioactivity ; wheat ; germ ; wheat byproducts ; agglutinin ; WGA ; toxicity ; glycosylation ; N-Acetylglucosamine ; GlcNAc ; carbohydrate ; bioreactor systems ; optimization ; kombucha tea ; microbial diversity ; bacterial cellulose ; Komagataeibacter xylinus ; repetitive elements sequence-based rep-PCR ; typing ; basil ; design of experiments ; valorization strategies ; chicken breast fillets ; color ; cooking loss ; cooking temperature ; cooking time ; microbiological safety ; shear force ; sous vide cooking ; TBARS ; sourdough ; yeasts ; lactic acid bacteria ; bioactive compounds ; exopolysaccharides ; antifungal activity ; pectinase immobilization ; nylon 6/6 carrier ; pectinolytic activity ; reusability ; stability ; lactic fermentation ; functional beverages ; volatile compounds ; antioxidant activity ; jackfruit ; jackfruit processing ; by-products ; extraction methods ; phenolic compounds ; pectin ; emerging technologies ; innovative technologies ; functional ingredients ; olive oil extraction ; microbial consortium ; phenols ; functional foods ; compostable bioplastics ; coatings ; contact angle ; grease resistance ; paper ; WVTR ; LED ; foams ; cellulose ; natural fibers ; mechanical properties ; microstructure ; sparkling wine ; protein ; interact omics ; amino acid metabolism ; yeast ; GO terms ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: This book serves to highlight the pharmacokinetics/drug–drug interactions and mechanistic understanding in relation to the drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters.This book presents a series of drug metabolism and transport mechanisms that govern the pharmacokinetic features of therapeutic drugs as well as natural herbal medicines. It also covers the pharmacokinetic interactions caused by inhibiting or inducing the metabolic or transport activities under disease states or the coadministration of potential inhibitors. It also deals with microenvironmental pharmacokinetic profiles as well as population pharmacokinetics, which gives new insights regarding the pharmacokinetic features with regard to drug metabolism and transporters.
    Keywords: tofacitinib ; dose-dependent pharmacokinetics ; hepatic and intestinal first-pass effect ; rats ; catalposide ; in vitro human metabolism ; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase ; sulfotransferase ; carboxylesterase ; celecoxib ; drug–drug interaction ; fluorescence ; HPLC ; metabolism ; repaglinide ; HSG4112 ; anti-obesity agent ; stereoselectivity ; pharmacokinetics ; compound K ; protopanaxadiol (PPD) ; biliary excretion ; intestinal metabolism ; Carthamus tinctorius extract ; notoginseng total saponins ; comparative pharmacokinetic study ; large volume direct injection ; compatibility mechanism ; mertansine ; human hepatocytes ; cytochrome P450 ; UDP-glucuronosyltransferases ; sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors ; DWP16001 ; kidney distribution ; inhibition mode ; diabetes ; transporter-enzyme interplay ; influx transporter ; efflux transporter ; physiologically based pharmacokinetic model ; cytochrome P450 enzymes ; tiropramide ; healthy Korean subjects ; modeling ; population pharmacokinetic ; quercetin ; breast cancer resistance protein ; inhibitor ; prazosin ; sulfasalazine ; kinetic analysis ; food–drug interactions ; Caco-2 ; EpiIntestinal ; first-pass ; P-gp ; BCRP ; drug transporter ; CYP3A4 ; oral availability ; automatization ; drug absorption ; drug dosing ; head-and-neck cancer ; real-time measurements ; taxanes ; tissue engineering ; UHPLC-MS/MS ; metformin ; verapamil ; drug interaction ; organic cation transporter 2 ; renal excretion ; acute renal failure ; gentamicin ; cisplatin ; hepatic CYP3A1(23) ; creatinine clearance ; renal clearance ; nonrenal clearance ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The book broadly deals with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and various relevant topics, including different antibody formats such as Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADC), bispecifics, nanoparticle-based mAbs and HER2+ cancers, immune checkpoint inhibitors and other closely related topics. Each paper was written by leading active research groups in their fields both from academia and industry. The book should be of interest to those scientists and researchers who develop or use biologics, biotherapeutics, biosimilars and biobetters in cancer treatment.
    Keywords: monoclonal antibody ; NSCLC ; immunotherapy ; ELISA ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacogenetics ; anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies ; anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody ; B cell ; immune checkpoint blockade ; immune-related adverse events (irAEs) ; myasthenia gravis (MG) ; non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ; nivolumab ; programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) ; T cell ; tetraspanins ; cancer ; Tspan8 ; radioimmunotherapy ; immune-checkpoint inhibitors ; LDH ; biomarkers ; Ang-2 ; antiangiogenic therapy ; in vivo imaging ; radio- and chemotherapy ; VEGF-A ; cancer therapy ; neovascularization ; angiogenesis ; tumor microenvironment ; colorectal cancer ; antibody ; NK cells ; ADCC ; CD133 ; prominin-1 ; gold nanoparticles ; antibody-drug conjugates ; cell penetrating peptide ; HIV-1 TAT ; active-targeting ; targeted delivery ; trastuzumab ; MMAE ; valine-citrulline ; affibody ; drug conjugates ; hepatic uptake ; DM1 ; dermatooncology ; immune checkpoints ; monoclonal antibodies ; passive immunotherapy ; canine B-cell lymphoma ; DLA-DR ; HLA-DR ; antibody-drug conjugate ; ADC ; methotrexate ; tumor immunity ; combination therapy ; multiple myeloma (MM) ; monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) ; antibody products ; B cell maturation antigens (BCMAs) ; bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs®) ; checkpoint inhibitors 1 ; protein structure 2 ; pharmacokinetics 3 ; drug optimization 4 ; HER2-positive breast cancer ; metastatic disease ; neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy ; targeted therapy ; acute myeloid leukemia ; CD123 ; IL3RA ; kinesin spindle protein inhibitor ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Caffeine is present in coffee and many other beverages and is the most widely used central nervous system stimulant. Coffee drinking or caffeine supplementation may have a role in preventing cardiometabolic and endocrine disease, neuroinflammation, cancer, and even all-cause mortality. Other aspects are either less known or controversial, including the effects on the brain–gut axis, neurodevelopment, behavior, pain, muscle–skeletal health, skin or sexual function. Studies focusing on special populations (neonates, children, adolescents, athletes, elderly, pregnant and nonpregnant women), or interactions with other drugs and foods, are relatively scarce but of obvious interest. Other compounds present in coffee and other caffeinated food stuffs may affect caffeine´s physiological effects with a tremendous impact on health. This Special Issue, which contains twenty-one manuscripts, has focused on some of these varied topics, providing further evidence of the multiple health benefits that coffee/caffeine intake may exert in humans, at least in specific populations (with a particular genetic profile or suffering from specific diseases). However, the specific effects in the different organs and systems, as well as the mechanisms involved are not yet clear. Furthermore, within the current context aiming to sustainable development, the coffee plant Coffee sp. and its so-far relatively neglected by-products are expected to become soon a source of ingredients for new functional foods whose properties will need to be precisely determined. We hope the readers of this Special Issue will find inspiration for new studies on the topic.
    Keywords: pharmacokinetics ; energy drink ; exercise ; elite athlete ; performance ; football ; RPE ; DOMS ; sport performance ; supplementation ; ergogenic aids ; consumer ; behavior ; perception ; coffee ; health ; consumption motives ; coffee/caffeine ; systematic review and meta-analysis ; prospective studies ; epidemiology ; cancer prevention ; colorectal cancer ; individual responses ; responders ; exercise performance ; caffeine ; tea ; energy drinks ; pregnancy ; newborn ; ergogenic aid ; resistance training ; isokinetic testing ; adrenal gland ; corticosterone ; puberty ; rat ; sex-difference ; fatigue ; mood state ; supplement ; resistance exercise ; speed ; repetition ; n/a ; metabolome ; skeletal muscle ; muscle contraction ; ergogenic effect ; bench press ; upper limb ; ergogenic substances ; time under tension ; 1RM test ; metabolites ; phenotyping ; CYP450 ; NAT ; xanthine oxidase ; actigraphy ; athletic ; anaerobic ; CMJ ; nutrition ; sport supplement ; Wingate ; electromyography ; efficiency ; sport ; expectancy ; belief ; perceptions ; placebo effect ; recovery ; strength ; power ; sprint performance ; menstrual cycle ; placebo ; ergogenic ; EEG–EMG coherence ; women ; exercise training ; velocity ; muscle function ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Energies is open to submissions for a Special Issue on “Renewable Energy Production from Energy Crops and Agricultural Residues”. Biomass represents an important source of renewable and sustainable energy production. Its increasing consumption is mainly related to the increase in global energy demand and fossil fuel prices, but also to a lower environmental impact compared to non-renewable fuels. These factors take RED II directives into consideration. In the past, forestry interventions were the main supply source of biomass, but in recent decades two others sources have entered the international scene. These are dedicated energy crops and agricultural residues, which are important sources of biomass for biofuel and bioenergy. Below, we consider four main value chains: • Oil crops: Oil production from non-food oilseed crops (such as camelina, Crambe, safflower, castor, cuphea, cardoon, etc.), oil extraction, and oil utilization for fuel production. • Lignocellulosic crops: Biomass production from perennial grasses (miscanthus, giant reed, switchgrass, reed canary grass, etc.), woody crops (willow, poplar, Robinia, eucalyptus, etc.), and agricultural residues (pruning, maize cob, maize stalks, wheat chaff, sugar cane straw, etc.), considering two main transformation systems: 1. Electricity/heat production 2. Second-generation ethanol production • Carbohydrate crops (cereals, sweet sorghum, sugar beets, sugar cane, etc.) for ethanol production. • Fermentable crops (maize, barley, triticale, Sudan grass, sorghum, etc.) and agricultural residues (chaff, maize stalks and cob, fruit and vegetable waste, etc.) for production of biogas and/or biomethane.
    Keywords: bioenergy ; crop by-products ; harvesting methods ; maize cob ; wheat chaff ; combine harvesting ; olive groves ; pruning ; stationary chipper ; harvesting system ; hog fuel ; pruning supply chain ; populus ; biomass ; yield energy value ; lower heating value ; ash content ; sulphur ; circular bioeconomy ; oil crops ; agricultural residues ; thermophysical and chemical features ; wheat ; straw ; weed seed ; biocommodity ; threshing ; pruning harvesting ; biomass quality ; slope ; work productivity ; bioresource ; cereals ; commodity ; harvest index ; staple foods ; triticum ; Miscanthus x giganteus ; environmental impact ; agricultural production ; digestate ; eucalyptus ; woody biomass ; storage of fine wood chips ; moisture content ; calorific value ; dry matter loss ; Eucalyptus ; tree whole stem ; firewood logs ; storage system ; renewable energy ; harvesting ; suitable areas ; Central Italy ; Corine Land Cover ; short rotation coppice ; Salix ; genotype × site interaction ; nitrogen content ; sulphur content ; willow biomass ; soil organic carbon ; life cycle assessment ; spatial analysis ; greenhouse gas emissions ; energy return on investment ; lignocellulosic biomass ; hydrothermal pretreatment ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; sugar yield ; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis ; externalities ; economic analysis ; willow biomass production ; new varieties ; sustainable production ; renewable energy sources ; biofuels ; agriculture residues ; forecasting ; modelling ; Poland ; work performance ; harvesting loss ; fuelwood ; cable yarder ; CO2 emission ; pine plantations ; time study ; energy efficiency ; agroenvironmental mapping ; energy crop ; Jatropha curcas L. ; land suitability ; bio-based supply chains ; integrated biomass logistical center ; mixed integer programming model ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The book deals with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) broadly, and relevant topics such as challenges and opportunities, next-generation antibody products, Antibody-Drug-Conjugates (ADC), bispecifics, glycosylation, and T-cell engagers are covered. Each topic has been written by leading groups around the world and the book should be of interest to researchers from both academia and industry.
    Keywords: therapeutic antibody ; stability ; aggregation ; manufacture challenges ; formulation ; antibodies ; site-specific conjugation ; bioconjugates ; ADC ; antibody-drug conjugates ; payloads ; linkers ; nucleic acids ; ADME ; developability ; glycosylation ; post-translational modifications ; pharmacokinetics ; effector functions ; antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity ; complement-dependent cytotoxicity ; immunogenicity ; pharmacodynamics ; glycoengineering ; type III secretion system ; prophylaxis ; antibacterials ; antibiotics ; HIV/AIDS ; co-formulation ; high concentration ; analytical characterization ; antibody (s) ; T-cell engagers ; bispecific antibodies ; immunotherapy ; oncology ; antibody engineering ; immunological synapse ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 62
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: This colligated Special Issue of Pharmaceutics on Precision Medicine: Applied Concepts of Pharmacogenomics in Patients with Various Diseases and Polypharmacy offers to the reader a series of articles that describe the concept of Precision Medicine, discuss its implementation process and limitations, demonstrate its value by illustrating some clinical cases, and open the door to new and more sophisticated techniques and applications.
    Keywords: fibromyalgia (FM) ; myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) ; microRNA ; miRNome ; pharmacogenomics ; pharmacoepigenomics ; SM2miR ; Pharmaco-miR ; repoDB ; ME/CFS Common Data Elements (CDEs) ; dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase ; DPYD ; 5-fluorouracil ; fluoropyrimidine ; therapeutic drug monitoring ; orthotopic liver transplant ; busulfan ; glutathione S-transferase ; genetic polymorphism ; limited sampling strategy ; pharmacokinetics ; clinical pharmacogenetics ; pharmacogenetic testing ; adverse drug reactions ; genotype ; phenotype ; pharmacogene ; barriers to pharmacogenetics implementation ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; chronic low back pain (cLBP) ; genetics ; personalized treatment ; polymorphism ; CYP450 ; tacrolimus ; CYP3A5 ; liver transplant ; pharmacogenomic ; minority ; data collection ; drug ; biomarker ; pharmacogenetics ; pharmacogenetic test ; personalized medicine ; gene expression ; infliximab ; adalimumab ; ulcerative colitis ; Crohn disease ; inflammatory bowel disease ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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  • 63
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The use of lipid-based nanosystems, including lipid nanoparticles (solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC)), nanoemulsions, and liposomes, among others, is widespread. Several researchers have described the advantages of different applications of these nanosystems. For instance, they can increase the targeting and bioavailability of drugs, improving therapeutic effects. Their use in the cosmetic field is also promising, owing to their moisturizing properties and ability to protect labile cosmetic actives. Thus, it is surprising that only a few lipid-based nanosystems have reached the market. This can be explained by the strict regulatory requirements of medicines and the occurrence of unexpected in vivo failure, which highlights the need to conduct more preclinical studies.Current research is focused on testing the in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo efficacy of lipid-based nanosystems to predict their clinical performance. However, there is a lack of method validation, which compromises the comparison between different studies.This book brings together the latest research and reviews that report on in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo preclinical studies using lipid-based nanosystems. Readers can find up-to-date information on the most common experiments performed to predict the clinical behavior of lipid-based nanosystems. A series of 15 research articles and a review are presented, with authors from 15 different countries, which demonstrates the universality of the investigations that have been carried out in this area.
    Keywords: nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) ; formulation optimization ; rivastigmine ; quality by design (QbD) ; nasal route ; nose-to-brain ; N-alkylisatin ; liposome ; urokinase plasminogen activator ; PAI-2 ; SerpinB2 ; breast cancer ; liposomes ; target delivery nanosystem ; FZD10 protein ; colon cancer therapy ; supersaturation ; silica-lipid hybrid ; spray drying ; lipolysis ; lipid-based formulation ; fenofibrate ; mesoporous silica ; oral drug delivery ; hyaluronic acid ; drug release ; light activation ; stability ; mobility ; biocorona ; dissolution enhancement ; phospholipids ; solid dosage forms ; porous microparticles ; nanoemulsion(s) ; phase-behavior ; DoE ; D-optimal design ; vegetable oils ; non-ionic surfactants ; efavirenz ; flaxseed oil ; nanostructured lipid carriers ; nanocarrier ; docohexaenoic acid ; neuroprotection ; neuroinflammation ; fluconazole ; Box‒Behnken design ; nanotransfersome ; ulcer index ; zone of inhibition ; rheological behavior ; ex vivo permeation ; nanomedicine ; cancer ; doxorubicin ; melanoma ; drug delivery ; ultrasound contrast agents ; phospholipid coating ; ligand distribution ; cholesterol ; acoustic response ; microbubble ; lipid phase ; dialysis ; ammonia ; intoxication ; cyanocobalamin ; vitamin B12 ; atopic dermatitis ; psoriasis ; transferosomes ; lipid vesicles ; skin topical delivery ; oligonucleotide ; self-emulsifying drug delivery systems ; hydrophobic ion pairing ; intestinal permeation enhancers ; Caco-2 monolayer ; clarithromycin ; solid lipid nanoparticles ; optimization ; permeation ; pharmacokinetics ; follicular targeting ; dexamethasone ; alopecia areata ; lipomers ; lipid polymer hybrid nanocapsules ; biodistribution ; skin ; ethyl cellulose ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 64
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-24
    Description: Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) cause a drug to affect other drugs, leading to reduced drug efficacy or increased toxicity of the affected drug. Some well-known interactions are known to be the cause of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that are life threatening to the patient. Traditionally, DDI have been evaluated around the selective action of drugs on specific CYP enzymes. The interaction of drugs with CYP remains very important in drug interactions but, recently, other important mechanisms have also been studied as contributing to drug interaction including transport- or UDP-glucuronyltransferase as a Phase II reaction-mediated DDI. In addition, novel mechanisms of regulating DDIs can also be suggested. In the case of the substance targeted for interaction, not only the DDIs but also the herb–drug or food–drug interactions have been reported to be clinically relevant in terms of adverse side effects. Reporting examples of drug interactions on a marketed drug or studies on new mechanisms will be very helpful for preventing the side effects of the patient taking these drugs. This Special Issue aims to highlight current progress in understanding both the clinical and nonclinical interactions of commercial drugs and the elucidation of the mechanisms of drug interactions.
    Keywords: tadalafil ; ticagrelor ; drug-drug interaction ; pharmacokinetics ; plasma concentration ; CYP3A4 ; Loxoprofen ; CYP3A ; Dexamethasone ; Ketoconazole ; CYP2D6 ; O-desmethyltramadol ; physiologically-based pharmacokinetics ; tramadol ; (‒)-sophoranone ; CYP2C9 ; potent inhibition ; in vitro ; in vivo ; drug interaction ; low permeability ; high plasma protein binding ; biflavonoid ; cytochrome P450 ; drug interactions ; selamariscina A ; uridine 5′-diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase ; tissue-specific ; systemic exposure ; P-glycoprotein (P-gp) ; organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (OATP1A2) ; Rumex acetosa ; fexofenadine ; chronic kidney disease ; drug–drug interactions ; polypharmacy ; adverse drug reactions ; Lexicomp ; subset analysis ; signal detection algorithms ; spontaneous reporting systems ; mechanism-based inhibition ; competitive inhibition ; non-competitive inhibition ; substrate ; inhibitor ; cytochromes P450 ; OATP1B1 ; OATP1B3 ; tyrosine kinase inhibitors ; drug-drug interactions ; migraine ; lasmiditan ; gepants ; monoclonal antibodies ; CYP1A1 ; CYP1A2 ; drug–drug interaction ; expression ; metabolism ; regulation ; drug transporter ; ubiquitination ; ixazomib ; DDI ; computational prediction ; in silico ; QSAR ; drug metabolism ; ADME ; CYP ; metabolic DDI ; P450 ; 1A2 ; 2B6 ; 2C19 ; 2C8 ; 2C9 ; 2D6 ; 3A4 ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The Special Issue presents information on the progress made in recent years in cereals’, legumes’, and oilseed grain products’ rheology and quality. This Special Issue capitalizes the experience of authors in grain processing for obtaining food products qualitatively improved based on the quality of raw materials used and applied technologies or intended for special nutrition, such as gluten-free one or with low sodium content. This Special Issue also presents some issues related to byproduct valorization through circular economy approaches obtained from the processing of different cereals and oilseeds grains and new methods for rapid assessment of bread quality.
    Keywords: KCl ; NaCl ; rheological properties ; multiple criteria optimization ; desirability functions ; brewer’s spent grain ; bioeconomy ; valuable compounds ; germination process ; legumes ; technological process ; bread quality ; bread ; water content ; Karl Fischer titration ; KFT kinetics ; principal component analysis ; hybrid wheat ; bread-making quality ; N fertilisation ; Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 ; nutritional effects ; gluten-free muffins ; quinoa flour ; particle size ; optimization ; residues ; sustainability ; oil cake ; bioactive compounds ; edible films ; wheat straws ; pretreatment ; hydrolysis ; fermentation ; bioethanol ; wheat ; triticale ; sourdough ; Mixolab ; buckwheat flour ; buckwheat sprouts ; buns ; quality and textural parameters ; sorghum seeds ; whole wheat flour ; Lactobacillus plantarum ; soy protein concentrate ; pea protein concentrate ; texture ; sensory ; craft beer ; gluten-free beer ; functional beer ; adjuvants ; malted cereals ; gluten-free flour ; gram ; plantain ; chickpea ; tiger nut ; pseudo-cereal ; oat ; millet ; teff ; rice ; soybean sprouts ; chitooligosaccharide ; phytochemicals ; antioxidant activity ; catalase ; peroxidase ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Cereal foods comprise a large variety of products that make up the main part of the diet of the world population. Despite decades of research to improve cereals and cereal food quality, worldwide research coordination is now required due to market needs, processing, and climate change. Cereals and cereal foods are an important source of energy (carbohydrates, proteins, and fat), and offer a range of non-nutrient bioactive components (i.e., vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and phytochemicals) that provide different grades of health benefits. The main challenges for the near future include the exploration, valorization, and improvement of genetic variation for nutrients and bioactive food components; the use and implementation of biotechnological, preprocessing, and processing strategies to improve content; and the evaluation of health properties for health claims.
    Keywords: coix seed ; Monascus purpureus ; antioxidant ; fermentation ; HEp2 ; buckwheat ; dehulling ; germination ; LC-MS ; free phenolic ; bound phenolic ; antioxidant activity ; sorghum ; phenolic compounds ; cell growth inhibition ; cell cycle analysis ; apoptosis ; HepG2 ; Caco-2 ; wheat ; nutrients ; celiac disease ; wheat allergy ; non-celiac wheat/gluten sensitivity ; durum wheat ; milling fractions ; air-classification plant ; micronization plant ; sorghum phenolics ; anti-inflammatory ; anti-proliferative ; anti-diabetic ; anti-atherogenic ; Triticum aestivum L. ; Triticum durum Desf. ; gluten ; breadmaking ; durum grains ; genetic variability ; heritability ; climate constraints ; yield performance ; air-classified fractions ; alveographic properties ; antioxidants ; starch ; ATI ; glutenins ; gluten strength ; grain protein content ; haplotypes ; SNPs ; milling methods ; dietary fiber ; phenolic acid ; steamed bread ; leavened pancake ; multiple linear regression (MLR) ; artificial neural network (ANN) ; milled rice ; enzymes ; air classification ; inorganic contaminants ; organic contaminants ; arsenic ; mycotoxins ; maize inbred lines ; nutritional value ; protein quality ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: This book collects contributions published in the Special Issue “From a Molecule to a Drug: Chemical Features Enhancing Pharmacological Potential” and dealing with successful stories of drug improvement or design using classic protocols, quantum mechanical mechanistic investigation, or hybrid approaches such as QM/MM or QM/ML (machine learning). In the last two decades, computer-aided modeling has strongly supported scientists’ intuition to design functional molecules. High-throughput screening protocols, mainly based on classical mechanics’ atomistic potentials, are largely employed in biology and medicinal chemistry studies with the aim of simulating drug-likeness and bioactivity in terms of efficient binding to the target receptors. The advantages of this approach are quick outcomes, the possibility of repurposing commercially available drugs, consolidated protocols, and the availability of large databases. On the other hand, these studies do not intrinsically provide reactivity information, which requires quantum mechanical methodologies that are only applicable to significantly smaller and simplified systems at present. These latter studies focus on the drug itself, considering the chemical properties related to its structural features and motifs. Overall, such simulations provide necessary insights for a better understanding of the chemistry principles that rule the diseases at the molecular level, as well as possible mechanisms for restoring the physiological equilibrium.
    Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 ; benzoic acid derivatives ; gallic acid ; molecular docking ; reactivity parameters ; selenoxide elimination ; one-pot ; imine-enamine ; reaction mechanism ; DFT calculations ; selenium ; anti-inflammatory drugs ; QSAR ; pain management ; cyclooxygenase ; multitarget drug ; cannabinoid ; neuropathic pain ; clopidogrel ; NMR study ; oxone ; peroxymonosulfate ; sodium halide ; thienopyridine ; drug discovery ; precision medicine ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics ; coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; 3-chymotrypsin-like protease ; pyrimidonic pharmaceuticals ; molecular dynamics simulations ; binding free energy ; β-carrageenan ; antioxidant activity ; Box-Behken ; extraction ; Eucheuma gelatinae ; physic-chemistry ; rheology ; quercetin ; quercetin 3-O-glucuronide ; cisplatin ; nephrotoxicity ; cytoprotection ; lithium therapy ; neurocytology ; toxicology ; neuroprotection ; chemoinformatics ; big data ; methadone hydrochloride ; pharmaceutical solutions ; drug compounding ; high performance liquid chromatography ; stability study ; microbiology ; fucoidan ; alginate ; L-selectin ; E-selectin ; MCP-1 ; ICAM-1 ; THP-1 macrophage ; monocyte migration ; protein binding ; breast milk ; M/P ratio ; statistical modeling ; molecular descriptors ; chromatographic descriptors ; affinity chromatography ; anti-ACE ; anti-DPP-IV ; gastrointestinal digestion ; in silico ; molecular dynamics ; paramyosin ; seafood ; target fishing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 68
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Increased consumer awareness of the effects of food in preventing nutrient-related diseases and maintaining physical and mental well-being has made nutritional improvement an important goal for the food and beverage industry, including the cereal sector. The Book “Qualitative and Nutritional Improvement of Cereal-Based Foods and Beverages” collects research articles aimed at exploring innovative ways to improve cereal-based foods and beverages; an old—if not ancient—group of products which are still on our table every day. The main directions of research aimed at nutritional improvement have to face either excess or deficiency in the diet. To this end, different strategies may be adopted, such as the reformulation of products, the introduction of functional ingredients, and the application of biotechnologies to increase the bioavailability of bioactive compounds. These interventions, however, can alter the physico-chemical and sensory properties of final products, making it necessary to achieve a balance between nutritional and quality modification. This book offers readers information on innovative ways to improve cereal-based foods and beverages, useful for researchers and for industry operators.
    Keywords: extruded products ; flaxseed ; amaranth ; dietary fiber ; extrusion-cooking ; fortified blended foods (FBFs) ; sensory ; food aid ; extrusion ; cereal ; legume ; infant ; child ; porridge ; sourdough ; fiber ; amino acids ; phenolic compounds ; phytic acid ; pulses ; re-milled semolina ; bread ; pizza ; focaccia ; rheological properties ; reofermentograph ; bioactive compounds ; texture ; sensory profile ; hemp ; chickpea ; milling by-products ; fortified pasta ; lactic acid bacteria ; nutritional value ; antioxidant capacity ; sensory properties ; functional foods ; pigmented wheat ; anthocyanins ; polyphenols ; alpha-amylase inhibition ; anti-inflammatory activity ; Moringa oleifera ; phenolic bioaccessibility ; starch digestion ; slowly digestible starch ; resistant starch ; Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum Desf. ; NaCl ; low-sodium sea salt ; Na+ reduction ; physico-chemical and textural attributes ; sensory evaluation ; inulin ; bakery products ; xanthan gum ; leavening agent ; coffee silverskin ; chemical characterization ; toxicological analysis ; extreme vertices mixture design ; product development ; cereal beverage ; fermentation ; functional ; non-alcoholic ; health benefits ; wholewheat flour ; stone milling ; roller milling ; dough rheology ; djulis ; food quality ; optimization ; Taguchi grey relational analysis ; texture profile analysis ; sensory attributes ; protein energy malnutrition ; insect ; sorghum ; wheat ; cereal-based ready-to-drink beverage ; convenient meal replacement (CMR) ; germinated wheat ; response surface methodology (RSM) ; gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) ; antioxidant properties ; almond skins ; by-product ; upcycling ; biscuits ; health claims ; nutritional composition ; Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) ; fortification ; consumer acceptability ; byproducts ; new quality ; insects ; pasta ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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  • 69
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Ecological protection and high-quality development in the basin of the Yellow River, known as China’s “Mother River” and “the cradle of Chinese civilization”, have been receiving increasing attention because of the important role they play in China’s economic and social development, and its cultural heritage. Under ongoing climate change and intense human activities, the Yellow River basin is facing crucial challenges, e.g., flooding, water security, water resource shortage, water pollution, and ecological environment degradation, which seriously affects the sustainable development of the regional economy and society. Meanwhile, significant differences in key characteristics across the upper, middle, and lower reaches call for joint management efforts, including integrated management, water conservancy, and ecological environment restoration. This Special Issue focusses on the current state, challenges, and suggestions relating to Yellow River basin management and sustainable development under pressure, aiming to help improve ecological protection and achieve high-quality development. The following topics, including the management, restoration and protection of the Yellow River basin, and harmonious regulation of the human–water relationship were systematically studied.
    Keywords: Gini coefficient ; fairness principle ; double-level ; water-saving potential ; Weihe River basin ; Budyko framework ; runoff changes ; climate change ; underlying surface parameters ; human activities ; Yellow River ; cultivated land ; Object-Oriented Feature Extraction ; wheat ; corn ; water use level ; SBM-DEA model ; window-DEA model ; economic and social development ; matching degree ; yellow river basin ; water–energy–food ; harmony equilibrium ; harmonious regulation ; the Yellow River ; bank collapse ; sediment transportation ; numerical simulation ; curved channel ; cohesive ; cross-sectional shape ; asymmetry ; water and sediment factor ; transverse distribution ; wandering river channel ; Wuliangsuhai Lake ; ecological water demand ; ecological water supplement ; ecological function ; heavy metals ; sediment interstitial water ; sediment ; chemical fraction ; ecological risk ; water quality characteristics ; cause ; groundwater ; middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River ; water rights allocation ; coordinated development ; water–ecology–energy–food ; emergy method ; Yinchuan city ; return period ; Pearson-III distribution ; “7.20” rainstorm ; Yiluo River basin ; Xiaohua section ; soil erosion ; influencing factors ; RUSLE ; the optimal parameters-based geographical detector ; scale effects ; the Yellow River Basin ; Sanhe region ; early sites ; spatial and temporal distribution ; human-territorial relationship ; GIS ; high-quality development ; environmental regulation ; local government competition ; panel threshold regression model ; Yellow River basin ; the ancient Yellow River distributary ; early settlements ; aggregation characteristics ; Zhengzhou ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJC Business strategy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Since first receiving approval in 1986, antibody-based therapeutics have been the most successful modality for the treatment of various diseases. This Special Issue of IJMS, “Recent Advances in Antibody Therapeutics”, presents leading-edge articles and reviews for discovery, development, and clinical applications of therapeutic antibodies, covering antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), GPCR-targeting antibodies, a functional antibody screening, bioassay of bispecific antibodies, antibody applications for cardiovascular diseases, antibody delivery to CNS, etc. The excellent studies in this Special Issue would valuable insight for scientists and clinicians in the field of therapeutic antibodies
    Keywords: interleukin 33 ; ST2 receptor ; scFv ; C2_2E12 ; bladder cancer ; antibodies ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; antibody-drug conjugates ; sacituzumab govitecan ; enfortumab vedotin ; erdafitinib ; cost-effectiveness ; G protein-coupled receptor ; membrane protein ; antigen ; therapeutic antibody ; anti-angiogenesis ; delta-like ligand ; irinotecan ; paclitaxel ; VEGF ; SARS-CoV-2 ; spike protein ; receptor-binding domain ; phage display ; monoclonal antibody ; cytomegalovirus ; peptide/major histocompatibility complex class I complex ; T-cell-receptor-like antibody ; affinity maturation ; yeast surface display ; combinatorial antibody library ; agonist antibody ; cell fate ; bispecific antibodies ; bioassays ; mechanisms of action ; binding assays ; potency assays ; atherosclerosis ; inflammation ; antibody therapy ; blood–brain barrier ; antibody ; pharmacokinetics ; disposition ; biochemical and physicochemical properties ; Fc binding ; receptor-mediated transcytosis ; brain shuttle ; molecular Trojan horse ; transferrin ; anti-cancer antibody ; antibody engineering ; biophysical properties ; computational methods ; research cell bank ; antibody therapeutics ; recombinant antibodies ; intracellular antibodies ; single-chain antibody fragment ; nanobody ; Human papillomaviruses ; HPV oncoproteins ; HPV-associated cancer ; HPV cancer therapy ; asthma ; refractory asthma ; biomarker ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 71
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Functional nutrition is deeply connected with healthy lifestyle and sustainable food production, due to its positive health benefits and the use of economically underexplored and natural raw materials. Expectedly, it appeals to large number of interested consumers while becoming lucrative segment of the food industry with a fast-growing market fueled by new sociodemographic trends. Accordingly, functional juices and beverages made of indigenous fruits are interesting niche for various food market stakeholders. Here, biologically active compounds (BACs) and probiotics that have positive health effects in functional foods (juices) are mostly thermolabile. This is especially important for industry that still employs classical heat treatments (e.g., pasteurization), while being concerned with degradation of food quality in the final products. To prevent this, focus is on designing economic and ecological technologies that are able to preserve nutritional and sensory quality while maintaining microbiological stability in products. Such approaches are based on low-energy consumption and low-impact processing, e.g. “hurdle technology” that combines advanced and conventional methods (e.g., high-power ultrasound, pulse electric field). Food design is another important focus point for consumers’ sensory appeal and economic success of foods. Hence, technologies as 3D food printing can be particularly useful for manufacturing. Based on the above, presented topics are relevant to sustainable functional food production, functional fruit juices, BACs, “hurdle technology,” advanced food processing, 3D food printing, and authentic fruits.
    Keywords: dehydration ; conserving vegetables ; improving shelf-life ; rehydrated pepper ; histological preparation ; green practices ; meat analogue ; liquid additives ; soy protein isolate ; lecithin ; emulsion ; functional fruit juice ; hurdle technology ; non-thermal processing ; preservation ; quality ; probiotic ; fruit by-products ; lulo bagasse powder ; fiber ; antioxidant properties ; carotenoids ; cocoa shell ; high voltage electrical discharge ; tannin ; dietary fiber ; water binding capacity ; grindability ; traditional ; slow ; pressure and microwave cooking ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; faba bean ; lentil ; pea ; probiotic safety ; toxicity ; pathogenicity ; functional food industry ; pharmacological interactions ; functional fruit juices ; mushroom ; vitamin D ; reducing capacity ; glycation ; Lactuca sativa ; metabolomics ; antioxidants ; eustress ; total soluble solids ; particle size distribution ; total anthocyanin content ; antioxidant capacity ; non-dairy beverages ; pulses ; chickpea ; lupin ; flow behavior ; animal and plant proteins ; computer vision system ; nutritional value ; texture ; water activity ; viscosity ; microstructure ; heavy metals ; amino acids ; pesticide ; fruit wastes ; vegetable wastes ; drying ; extraction ; intensification technologies ; phenolic acids ; food processing ; minimally processed foods ; UHLPC-MS/MS ; sous-vide cooking ; vegetables ; seafood ; cephalopods ; safety ; nutritive quality ; beetroot ; convective drying ; infrared drying ; purée ; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy ; confocal scanning microscopy ; fruit juice ; interaction ; drug ; phytochemical ; pharmacokinetics ; ginger ; pineapple ; turmeric ; juice mix ; physicochemical properties ; microbiological quality ; sensory attributes ; Diospyros kaki ; post-harvest losses ; dehydrated persimmon ; thin-layer modeling ; drying rate ; old apple cultivar ; biologically active compounds ; functional food ; agriculture ; extensive farming ; bisphosphonates ; SERMs ; food ; supplements ; bioavailability ; meal ; coffee ; juice ; mineral water ; edible mushroom ; nutrition ; phenolic compounds ; vacuum ; poria cubes ; optimization ; stage drying ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 72
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Requests for regional soil moisture observations are increasing to parameterize complex hydrological models, to assess the impact of land-use changes, and to develop climate adaption strategies in the agricultural sector. Spatial land-use patterns have an impact on the soil water balance and groundwater recharge. Soil moisture is therefore a key parameter for the long-term monitoring and development of sustainable land-management and landscape design strategies that mitigate regional water scarcity and droughts. For example, the spatial organization of hedges or tree rows related to open land and wind direction avoids soil erosion, limits local evaporation, and increases local soil water storage. Since the early 1980s, satellite missions have been designed to monitor proxies for soil moisture, mainly at the national and global scale, with a relatively coarse pixel resolution and low accuracy. The local effects of weather and climate are very dynamic in space and time. Thus, a strong need exists for more accurate, regional-scale remote sensing products for soil moisture. The transfer of existing, proof-of-concept algorithms to region-specific monitoring frameworks is urgent. This Special Issue provides an overview of current developments on remote sensing-based soil moisture observations that are applicable at a regional scale. The compendium of research papers demonstrates the benefits of concurrently utilizing multi-source remote sensing data and in situ measurements through: - Using additional data and site-specific knowledge; - Combining empirical and physical approaches; - Developing concepts to deal with mixed pixels.
    Keywords: instrument development ; hyperspectral ; spectroradiometry ; LiDAR ; soil ; regional soil moisture ; in situ network ; AMSR2 ; FY3B ; evaluation ; EVI ; SST ; disaggregation ; soil moisture ; DISPATCH ; Intermediate spatial resolution ; SMAP ; geostationary ; validation ; SEVIRI ; thermal infrared ; land surface temperature ; downscaling ; advanced scatterometer (ASCAT) ; soil moisture active passive (SMAP) ; random forest ; low-cost sensor ; AMSR-E ; the microwave polarization difference index ; surface soil moisture ; regional scale ; vegetation traits ; multi-sensor approach ; wetland ; environmental monitoring ; remote sensing ; geostatistics ; gap-filling ; mesonet ; ESA CCI SM ; ASTER imagery ; soil moisture content ; thermal inertia model ; serial dual-source model ; surface component temperature ; shadow impact ; multi-model coupling ; optimal solution method ; ESA CCI ; residual soil moisture ; evapotranspiration ; trend ; rainfall variability ; CHIRPS ; theta probe ; Sentinel-1A ; NDVI ; modified Dubois model ; Sentinel-1/2 ; Landsat-8 ; GF-1 ; vegetation water content ; Oh ; Dubois ; IEM ; WCM ; SSRT ; SAR ; LAI ; wheat ; Sentinel-1 ; support vector machine ; ordinary least square regression ; time series ; Mongolia ; MODIS ; relative soil moisture ; Chinese Loess Plateau ; ATI ; TVDI ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 73
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Sustainable agricultural practices are needed to provide food security for a growing global population. Food production is usually associated with high nutrient inputs in the form of mineral fertilizers. Since the beginning of agriculture, such practices have led to soil degradation and the release of environmental contaminants. In this Special Issue, we will focus on innovations in organic and inorganic fertilizer production. We welcome studies concerning new approaches for smart fertilizer development, including bioformulations with mineral particles, nanomaterials, and plant growth promoting microorganisms. We especially encourage authors taking advantage of ecological interactions to improve plant nutrient-use efficiency. Moreover, we would like to include contributions that focus on organic amendments to increase or propitiate the terrestrial C sequestration and stabilization, in order to contribute to mitigating climate change at the same time increasing food security by soil fertility, thus making win–win–win scenarios. Such techniques may concern, but are not limited to, innovative organic waste recycling procedures and new applications of mycorrhizae, rhizobioms, or free living soil bacteria and fungi.
    Keywords: earthworms ; frass ; insect excreta ; insect farming ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; soil fauna ; soil fertility ; waste management ; seed germination ; jellyfish ; blue fertilizer ; soil restoration ; soil amendments ; water use efficiency ; phosphorus sources ; P solubilization ; P acidulation ; relative agronomic efficiency ; pond sediments ; organic fertilizer ; mineral fertilizer ; cucumber ; integrated fish-vegetable farming ; Mekong Delta ; Crotalaria spectabilis ; C. juncea ; 15N natural abundance ; 13C isotopic composition ; transpiration efficiency ; aluminum toxicity ; antioxidant ; barley ; lignin ; phenols ; silicon ; calcareous soil ; humic acid ; phosphorus uptake ; single superphosphate ; wheat ; animal feedstuff ; circular economy ; fertilizer ; greenhouse ; insect larva ; organic waste ; leafy vegetable ; mineral nutrients ; soil structure ; chlorophyll content ; cation exchange capacity ; nitrogen fertilizer ; nitrification inhibitor ; nitrogen leaching ; nitrogen use efficiency ; 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) ; biochar ; compost ; isotopic signature ; carbon mineralization ; plant growth ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 74
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: In this Topical Collection, ten articles (one review and nine research articles) are published in a time span of 2021–2022. All articles are written by experts in the field of Separation Techniques who were invited to contribute to the presentation of the current status in separation science. The authors were invited to answer the questions: What is the state-of-the-art in Separation Sciences? What advances have been reported recently? Last but not least, what are the future perspectives? The Editor and authors hope that the readers will find valuable information in the topic.
    Keywords: protein-based chiral stationary phase ; alpha 1-acid glycoprotein ; chiral recognition mechanism ; molecular docking ; proteomics ; high-performance liquid chromatography ; mass spectrometry ; gout ; uric acid ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; HPLC-MS/MS ; pharmacokinetics ; wine-processed ; hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography ; chromatography ; oligopeptides ; acetyl hexapeptide-8 ; acetyl hexapeptide-3 ; Argireline ; cosmetics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; virus particles ; air filtering ; aerosols ; probability distributions ; rotational particle separator ; air separation ; steam methane reforming ; water gas shift ; alternative fluids ; gas turbine ; Senecio anteuphorbium ; response factors ; true quantitation ; allelopathy ; herbicide ; chlorpropham ; potato ; μQuEChERS/UHPLC-PDA ; validation ; cooking ; methyl nicotinate ; methyl salicylate ; ethyl salicylate ; 2-hydroxyethyl salicylate ; pain relief spray ; Tulasnellaceae sp. ; Gymnadenia orchidis ; mdium-pressure liquid chromatography ; reversed-phase liquid chromatography ; ergosterol ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 75
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: There have been recent significant improvements in the short-term survival of solid organ transplantation patients due to advances in immunosuppression and transplant techniques. However, long-term graft survival has still lagged behind other outcomes and has now become one of the main problems in solid organ transplantation.For this Special Issue, we invited researchers and clinicians to submit studies on solid organ transplantation. These have provided us with additional knowledge and skills that will ultimately help us to improve outcomes after solid organ transplantation.
    Keywords: living donation ; nephrectomy ; hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy ; body composition ; complications ; simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation ; immunosuppression ; graft order ; sequence ; outcome ; survival ; kidney transplantation ; hydrogen ; diarrhea ; small intestinal bacterial overgrowth ; sickle cell disease ; sickle cell ; transplantation ; outcomes ; big data ; tacrolimus ; metabolism ; C/D ratio ; cholesterol ; dyslipidemia ; LDL-C ; liver transplantation ; hematuria ; chronic kidney disease ; tocilizumab ; clazakizumab ; desensitization ; anti-HLA alloantibody ; post traumatic growth ; psychiatric morbidity ; network analysis ; ESAS ; MINI ; CPC ; DCPR ; distress ; demoralization ; alexithymia ; anxiety ; antibody-mediated rejection ; recurrent primary disease ; renal transplantation ; pancreas transplantation ; cold ischemia time ; delayed graft function ; Eurotransplant Senior Program ; end-stage renal disease ; intensive care unit ; bioimpedance analysis ; drug dosing ; lean body mass index ; pharmacokinetics ; tacrolimus C/D ratio ; mineral bone disorder ; parathyroidectomy ; parathyroid hormone ; osteoporosis ; bone fractures ; Contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; kidney perfusion ; kidney function ; kidney donation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 76
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Plant viruses cause many of the most important diseases threatening crops worldwide. Over the last quarter of a century, an increasing number of plant viruses have emerged in various parts of the world, especially in the tropics and subtropics. As is generally observed for plant viruses, most of the emerging viruses are transmitted horizontally by biological vectors, mainly insects. Reverse genetics using infectious clones—available for many plant viruses—has been used for identification of viral determinants involved in virus–host and virus–vector interactions. Although many studies have identified a number of factors involved in disease development and transmission, the precise mechanisms are unknown for most of the virus–plant–vector combinations. In most cases, the diverse outcomes resulting from virus–virus interactions are poorly understood. Although significant advances have been made towards understand the mechanisms involved in plant resistance to viruses, we are far from being able to apply this knowledge to protect cultivated plants from the all viral threats.The aim of this Special Issue was to provide a platform for researchers interested in plant virology to share their recent results. To achieve this, we invited the plant virology community to submit research articles, short communications and reviews related to the various aspects of plant virology: ecology, virus–plant host interactions, virus–vector interactions, virus–virus interactions, and control strategies. This issue contains some of the best current research in plant virology.
    Keywords: whitefly ; begomovirus ; Vta1 ; virus transmission ; coat proteins ; membrane association ; topology ; cilevirus ; movement protein ; p29 capsid protein ; barley yellow dwarf virus ; BYDV ; wheat ; barley ; yield loss ; vectors ; aphids ; persistent virus ; Amalgaviridae ; synergism ; antagonism ; vsiRNAs ; miRNAs ; mixed-infections ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Cucumber mosaic virus ; genome-wide association studies ; plant–virus interaction ; seed transmission ; virulence ; callose ; coat protein ; plasmodesmata ; triple gene block ; viral suppressor ; virus movement ; virus replication complex ; TYLCD ; TYLCV ; tomato ; Solanum lycopersicum ; disease resistance ; plant breeding ; PAMP-triggered immunity ; effector-triggered immunity ; RNA silencing ; viral suppressors ; NIK1 ; PTI ; ETI ; geminiviruses ; host jumping ; viral evolution ; trade-off ; plant virus ; RNA virus ; potyvirus ; Plum pox virus ; VPg ; eIF4E ; high-throughput sequencing ; bioinformatics ; detection ; discovery ; MinION ; nanopore sequencing ; rolling circle amplification ; viral metagenomics ; CRESS DNA ; capulavirus ; homopolymer ; Begomovirus ; cucumber ; mechanical inoculation ; real-time PCR ; viral load ; QTLs ; resistance ; Geminiviridae ; sweepoviruses ; DNA satellites ; Deltasatellite ; helper virus range ; transreplication ; high-throughput sequencing (HTS) ; virus ; dsRNA ; total RNA ; OLV1 ; LRNV ; ToFBV ; ASGV ; host adaptation ; virus evolution ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 77
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Development of strategies to assist the movement of poorly permeable molecules across biological barriers has long been the goal of drug delivery science. In the last three decades, there has been an exponential increase in advanced drug delivery systems that aim to address this issue. However, most proprietary delivery technologies that have progressed to clinical development are based on permeation enhancers (PEs) that have a history of safe use in man. This Special Issue entitled “Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field” aims to present the current state-of-the-art in the application of PEs to improve drug absorption. Emphasis is placed on identification of novel permeation enhancers, mechanisms of barrier alteration, physicochemical properties of PEs that contribute to optimal enhancement action, new delivery models to assess PEs, studies assessing safety of PEs, approaches to assist translation of PEs into effective oral, nasal, ocular and vaginal dosage forms and combining PEs with other delivery strategies.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; chitosan ; intestinal epithelial cells ; ocular delivery ; amphiphilic polymers ; cornea ; tight junction modulator ; cyclodextrin ; permeability ; gemini surfactant ; transferrin ; compound 48/80 ; epithelial permeability ; cervicovaginal tumors ; nanoparticles ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; safety ; formulation ; salcaprozate sodium ; intestinal absorption ; FITC-dextran ; curcumin ; block copolymers ; nasal vaccination ; whole leaf ; brush border ; ocular drug delivery ; vaccine adjuvant ; nanoparticle ; nasal delivery ; efflux ; permeation enhancers ; absorption enhancers ; nose to brain delivery ; small intestine ; epithelium ; CNS disorders ; absorption modifying excipients ; insulin ; absorption enhancer ; gel ; intestinal delivery ; thermogel system ; Caco-2 ; biocompatibility studies ; absorption enhancement ; man ; PN159 ; poorly absorbed drug ; tryptophan ; tight junction ; oral macromolecule delivery ; penetration enhancer ; intestinal permeation enhancers ; nanocrystals ; simvastatin ; nanomedicine ; enterocyte ; N-dodecyl-?-D-maltoside (DDM) ; cell-penetrating peptide ; quaternization ; KLAL ; nasal ; nasal permeability ; transmucosal drug delivery ; Caco-2 cells ; mast cell activator ; penetration enhancers ; drug delivery ; nose-to-brain ; bioenhancer ; polymeric micelles ; mucoadhesion ; cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) ; simulated intestinal fluid ; vaginal delivery ; nasal formulation ; pharmacokinetic interaction ; sodium caprate ; clinical trial ; transmucosal permeation ; drug absorption enhancer ; sugar-based surfactants ; nanocapsules ; imatinib ; teriparatide ; osteoporosis ; hydrophobization ; F-actin ; combined microsphere ; transepithelial electrical resistance ; oral delivery ; ocular conditions ; metabolism ; antimicrobial peptide ; permeation enhancer ; drug administration ; antiepileptic drug ; amino acid ; in vivo studies ; sodium cholate (NaC) ; epithelial transport ; preclinical ; nose to brain transport ; pharmacokinetics ; chitosan derivatives ; ophthalmology ; tight junctions ; sheep ; cationic functionalization ; GLP-1 ; pulmonary ; and liposome ; cytochrome P450 ; claudin ; P-glycoprotein ; in situ hydrogel ; mucoadhesiveness ; PTH 1-34 ; Aloe vera ; oral peptides ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 78
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In the last few years, an increasing number of individuals have adopted a gluten free diet (GFD). A significant proportion of that includes patients affected by celiac disease (CD), who have to follow a strict GFD for medical purposes. However, a high number of individuals are currently following a GFD without medical counseling and without a specific diagnosis needing a gluten withdrawal from the diet. This is due to the frequently incorrect information diffused on the Internet and mass media on the topic of GFD. For these reasons, research on the GFD and its clinical use and biological effects is urgently needed.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC620-627 ; gluten ; n/a ; mental health ; 33-mer ; gut motility ; gluten re-introduction ; teenagers ; gastric emptying ; islet of Langerhans ; children ; high-fat diet-induced obesity ; affective disorders ; FODMAP intake ; Brazilian CD-QoL ; DQ2.5-glia-?3 epitopes ; place of residence ; zinc ; glutenin ; quality of life (QoL) ; mood disorders ; magnesium ; dietary adherence ; coeliac disease ; food habit ; villous atrophy ; pepsin ; peptides derived from gluten in faeces and urine ; beta cell ; body mass index (BMI) ; oral food challenge ; gliadin ; ?-gliadin ; non-celiac gluten sensitivity ; celiac disease ; wheat ; outcome ; DQ2.5-glia-?1 ; DQ2.5-glia-?2 ; gut microbiota ; type 2 diabetes ; major depressive disorder ; micronutrient ; beta-cell stress ; non-coeliac gluten sensitivity ; screening ; gluten free diet ; gluten-related disorders ; threshold ; diary recommended intake ; wheat species ; non-coeliac wheat sensitivity ; body composition ; serology ; educational level ; mineral ; disease duration ; gastrointestinal symptoms ; gluten-free diet ; NOD mouse ; diagnosis ; osteoporosis ; nutrition ; cholecyst ; wheat allergy ; celiac disease (CD) ; quality of life ; microbiota ; questionnaire ; nutritionists ; structured questionnaires ; Pseudomonas ; intestinal permeability ; Celiac Disease ; economic status ; effectiveness ; type 1 diabetes ; cost ; calcium ; irritable bowel syndrome ; adherence ; non celiac gluten sensitivity ; deficiency ; gluten sensitivity ; iron ; low FODMAP diet ; depression ; clinic ; duodenal biopsies ; fortification ; mucosal recovery ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 79
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Agriculture requires technical solutions for increasing production while lessening environmental impact by reducing the application of agro-chemicals and increasing the use of environmentally friendly management practices. A benefit of this is the reduction of production costs. Sensor technologies produce tools to achieve the abovementioned goals. The explosive technological advances and developments in recent years have enormously facilitated the attainment of these objectives, removing many barriers for their implementation, including the reservations expressed by farmers. Precision agriculture and ‘smart farming’ are emerging areas where sensor-based technologies play an important role. Farmers, researchers, and technical manufacturers are joining their efforts to find efficient solutions, improvements in production, and reductions in costs. This book brings together recent research and developments concerning novel sensors and their applications in agriculture. Sensors in agriculture are based on the requirements of farmers, according to the farming operations that need to be addressed.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; optical sensor ; spectral analysis ; response surface sampling ; sensor evaluation ; electromagnetic induction ; multivariate water quality parameters ; mandarin orange ; crop inspection platform ; SPA-MLR ; object tracking ; feature selection ; simultaneous measurement ; diseases ; genetic algorithms ; processing of sensed data ; electrochemical sensors ; thermal image ; ECa-directed soil sampling ; handheld ; recognition patterns ; salt concentration ; clover-grass ; bovine embedded hardware ; weed control ; soil ; field crops ; vineyard ; connected dominating set ; water depth sensors ; SS-OCT ; wheat ; striped stem-borer ; silage ; geostatistics ; detection ; NIR hyperspectral imaging ; electronic nose ; machine learning ; virtual organizations of agents ; packing density ; data validation and calibration ; dataset ; Wi-SUN ; temperature sensors ; geoinformatics ; gas sensor ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ; vegetable oil ; photograph-grid method ; Vitis vinifera ; WSN distribution algorithms ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; irrigation ; quality assessment ; energy efficiency ; wireless sensor network (WSN) ; geo-information ; Fusarium ; texture features ; weeds ; discrimination ; big data ; soil moisture sensors ; meat spoilage ; land cover ; stereo imaging ; near infrared sensors ; biological sensing ; compound sensor ; pest management ; moisture ; plant localization ; heavy metal contamination ; artificial neural networks ; spectral pre-processing ; moisture content ; apparent soil electrical conductivity ; data fusion ; semi-arid regions ; smart irrigation ; back propagation model ; wireless sensor network ; energy balance ; light-beam ; fluorescent measurement ; agriculture ; precision agriculture ; deep learning ; spectroscopy ; hulled barely ; dielectric probe ; RPAS ; water supply network ; rice leaves ; mobile app ; gradient boosted machines ; hyperspectral camera ; one-class ; nitrogen ; LiDAR ; total carbon ; chemometrics analysis ; rice ; agricultural land ; on-line vis-NIR measurement ; CARS ; obstacle detection ; stratification ; neural networks ; regression estimator ; Kinect ; proximity sensing ; distributed systems ; pest ; noninvasive detection ; texture feature ; soil mapping ; classification ; soil salinity ; visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy ; germination ; computer vision ; hyperspectral imaging ; diffusion ; dielectric dispersion ; UAS ; random forests ; case studies ; total nitrogen ; thermal imaging ; cameras ; dry matter composition ; near-infrared ; salt tolerance ; deep convolutional neural networks ; soil type classification ; water management ; preprocessing methods ; wireless sensor networks (WSN) ; remote sensing image classification ; precision plant protection ; radar ; spatial variability ; GF-1 satellite ; plant disease ; naked barley ; leaf area index ; CIE-Lab ; change of support ; radiative transfer model ; 3D reconstruction ; plant phenotyping ; vine ; near infrared ; vegetation indices ; remote sensing ; greenhouse ; time-series data ; scattering ; sensor ; crop area ; speckle ; spatial data ; grapevine breeding ; wide field view ; partial least squares-discriminant analysis ; spiking ; area frame sampling ; chromium content ; machine-learning ; RGB-D sensor ; pest scouting ; PLS ; Capsicum annuum ; spatial-temporal model ; drying temperature ; boron tolerance ; ambient intelligence ; laser wavelength ; fuzzy logic ; dynamic weight ; landslide ; management zones ; real-time processing ; event detection ; crop monitoring ; apple shelf-life ; rice field monitoring ; wireless sensor ; birth sensor ; proximal sensor ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 80
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue features recent data concerning thioredoxins and glutaredoxins from various biological systems, including bacteria, mammals, and plants. Four of the sixteen articles are review papers that deal with the regulation of development of the effect of hydrogen peroxide and the interactions between oxidants and reductants, the description of methionine sulfoxide reductases, detoxification enzymes that require thioredoxin or glutaredoxin, and the response of plants to cold stress, respectively. This is followed by eleven research articles that focus on a reductant of thioredoxin in bacteria, a thioredoxin reductase, and a variety of plant and bacterial thioredoxins, including the m, f, o, and h isoforms and their targets. Various parameters are studied, including genetic, structural, and physiological properties of these systems. The redox regulation of monodehydroascorbate reductase, aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, and cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase could have very important consequences in plant metabolism. Also, the properties of the mitochondrial o-type thioredoxins and their unexpected capacity to bind iron–sulfur center (ISC) structures open new developments concerning the redox mitochondrial function and possibly ISC assembly in mitochondria. The final paper discusses interesting biotechnological applications of thioredoxin for breadmaking.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; n/a ; regeneration ; posttranslational modification ; H2O2 ; chilling stress ; thioredoxin reductase ; X-ray crystallography ; photosynthesis ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; protein ; monodehydroascorbate reductase ; methionine sulfoxide ; cysteine reactivity ; symbiosis ; plant ; MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry ; thioredoxins ; redox homeostasis ; methionine sulfoxide reductases ; redox ; redox signalling ; chloroplast ; protein-protein recognition ; cyanobacteria ; specificity ; wheat ; methanoarchaea ; stress ; redox regulation ; dough rheology ; methionine sulfoxide reductase ; electrostatic surface ; Calvin cycle ; ALAD ; metazoan ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; baking ; cold temperature ; macromolecular crystallography ; protein oxidation ; function ; methionine oxidation ; development ; iron–sulfur cluster ; tetrapyrrole biosynthesis ; legume plant ; glutathionylation ; Calvin-Benson cycle ; adult stem cells ; carbon fixation ; plastidial ; methionine ; redox active site ; ROS ; water stress ; NADPH ; repair ; physiological function ; signaling ; thioredoxin ; antioxidants ; glutathione ; glutaredoxin ; flavin ; Isocitrate dehydrogenase ; thiol redox network ; ageing ; disulfide ; mitochondria ; chlorophyll ; proteomic ; cysteine alkylation ; ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase ; SAXS ; regulation ; oxidized protein repair ; ascorbate ; redox control ; nitrosylation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Integrative omics of plants in response to stress conditions play more crucial roles in the post-genomic era. High-quality genomic data provide more deeper understanding of how plants to survive under environmental stresses. This book is focused on concluding the recent progress in the Protein and Proteome Atlas in plants under different stresses. It covers various aspects of plant protein ranging from agricultural proteomics, structure and function of proteins, and approaches for protein identification and quantification.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; QK1-989 ; Q1-390 ; phosphoproteomics ; GLU1 ; somatic embryogenesis ; CHA-SQ-1 ; nitrogen fertilizer ; chilling stress ; differentially abundant proteins ; ATP synthase ; photosynthetic parameters ; photosynthesis ; constitutive splicing ; phosphorylation ; Jatropha curcas ; plants under stress ; postharvest freshness ; Alternanthera philoxeroides ; rubber latex ; Millettia pinnata ; molecular and biochemical basis ; filling kernel ; drought stress ; comparative proteomic analysis ; domain ; micro-exons ; phylogeny ; phos-tagTM ; E. angustifolia ; root cell elongation ; ABA ; pollen abortion ; lncRNA ; transcriptome ; radish ; redox homeostasis ; Nelumbo nucifera ; sugar beet ; shotgun proteomics ; proteomes ; high-temperature stress ; post-genomics era ; model plant ; salt tolerance ; miRNA ; wheat ; physiological response ; stress ; visual proteome map ; transcriptional dynamics ; leaf ; maize ; Dunaliella salina ; phosphatidylinositol ; S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase ; Gossypium hirsutum ; flavonoid biosynthesis ; phosphatase ; wood vinegar ; heat shock proteins ; silicate limitation ; purine metabolism ; natural rubber biosynthesis ; ancient genes ; cotton ; rubber grass ; abiotic stress ; heat stress ; maturation ; low-temperature stress ; molecular basis ; transcriptome sequencing ; ROS scavenging ; widely targeted metabolomics ; transdifferentiation ; seed development ; alternative splicing ; cultivars ; inositol ; salt stress ; chlorophyll fluorescence parameters ; proteome ; carbon fixation ; AGPase ; transcript-metabolite network ; molecular mechanisms ; Triticum aestivum L. ; Zea mays L. ; ROS ; label-free quantification ; woody oilseed plants ; heat-sensitive spinach variety ; MIPS ; quantitative proteomics ; regulated mechanism ; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ; potassium ; glutathione ; Salinity stress ; integrated omics ; diatom ; ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunit (chloroplast) ; root ; proteome atlas ; brittle-2 ; mass spectrometry ; genomics ; Taraxacum kok-saghyz ; cytomorphology ; proteomics ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; signaling pathway ; proteomic ; loss-of-function mutant ; rice ; seedling ; wucai ; leaf sheath ; root and shoot ; antioxidant enzyme ; exon-intron structure diversity ; isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation ; regulation and metabolism ; concerted network ; drought ; heat response ; VIGS ; iTRAQ ; nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) ; stem ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 82
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Fertilizer Application on Crop Yield that was published in Agronomy
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; S1-972 ; organic N ; ammonia ; NPK amendments ; corn–soybean rotation ; soil acidity ; phosphorous ; maize yield response to K ; biofertilizer ; agroforestry system ; Copper ; organic farming ; soil nitrogen pools ; net returns ; mineral N ; grain quality ; fertilizer management ; nutrient expert for maize ; sustainability ; organic nutrients ; conservation agriculture ; agronomic response ; S fertilization ; global food demand ; Zea mays L. ; N fertilizer ; nitrogen recovery efficiency ; Bacillus pumilus ; Orychophragmus violaceus L. ; soil erosion ; soil health ; saline tract ; soil K supply ; soil N mineralization ; soil biota ; potassium ; production system ; nitrate reductase activity ; site-specific K management ; Value Cost Ratio ; durum wheat ; conventional farming ; nitrate ; soil organic matter ; grain yield ; integrated nutrient management ; K use efficiency ; rice-wheat system ; forage legume ; nitrogen physiological recovery ; NADH ; chemical fertilizers ; evergreen agriculture ; green manure ; N fertilization ; yield ; NADH-dehydrogenase ; wheat ; site-specific nutrient management ; hybrid rice ; NUE ; balanced use of fertilizers ; growth promotion ; calcium ; humid Mediterranean climate ; Complex I ; rice ; maize ; Zinc ; potentially mineralizable N ; Agrotain® urea ; economics ; nitrate assimilation ; management ; nitrogen uptake ; wheat yields ; nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) ; soil N supply ; maize crop manager ; long-term productivity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 83
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: International trade is highly affected by mycotoxin contaminations, which result in an annual 5% to 10% loss of global crop production. In the last decade, the mycotoxin scenario has been complicated by the progressive understanding—alongside emerging mycotoxins—of the parallel presence of modified (masked and conjugated) forms, in addition to the previously free known ones. The present Toxins Special Issue presents original research papers and reviews that deal with the fates of all these forms of mycotoxins with respect to aspects that cover traditional and industrial food processing, yearly grain campaign peculiar conditions and management, novel analytical solutions, consumer exposure, and biomarker-assessment directions. It gives a taste of an exciting scientific field that has several implications for our daily life because (i) it covers our diet practically and from every point of view, (ii) it intersects with our culinary uses and customs, but also industrial production processes, and (iii) it involves a careful evaluation of costs and benefits and a constant and continuous improvement of mycotoxin mitigation strategies.
    Keywords: mycotoxin ; milling ; bran ; semolina ; cooking ; dietary exposure ; aflatoxins ; alkaline ; hydrolyzed fumonisins ; fumonisins ; food processing ; maize ; masa ; matrix-associated mycotoxins ; modified mycotoxins ; tortillas ; mycotoxins ; trichothecenes ; thermal degradation ; decontamination ; mass spectrometry ; detoxification ; design of experiment ; LC-MS/MS ; Ochratoxin A ; 2′R-ochratoxin A ; 14(R)-ochratoxin A ; coffee ; degradation ; processing ; roasting ; masked mycotoxins ; emerging mycotoxins ; Fusarium ; Serbia ; fluorescence polarization immunoassay ; T-2 toxin ; HT-2 toxin ; T-2 glucoside ; HT-2 glucoside ; wheat ; validation study ; screening method ; deoxynivalenol ; children ; adolescents ; pregnant women ; vegetarians ; biomonitoring ; acrylamide ; multiple mitigation strategies ; design of experiments ; bakery food processing ; biscuits ; Fusarium toxins ; beer ; malt ; risk assessment ; deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside ; conversion ; Chinese steamed bread ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 84
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Contamination of foods and agricultural commodities by various types of toxigenic fungi is a concerning issue for human and animal health. Moulds naturally present in foods can produce mycotoxins and contaminate foodstuffs under favourable conditions of temperature, relative humidity, pH, and nutrient availability. Mycotoxins are, in general, stable molecules that are difficult to remove from foods once they have been produced. Therefore, the prevention of mycotoxin contamination is one of the main goals of the agriculture and food industries. Chemical control or decontamination techniques may be quite efficient; however, the more sustainable and restricted use of fungicides, the lack of efficiency in some foods, and the consumer demand for chemical-residue-free foods require new approaches to control this hazard. Therefore, food safety demands continued research efforts for exploring new strategies to reduce mycotoxin contamination. This Special Issue contains original contributions and reviews that advance the knowledge about the most current promising approaches to minimize mycotoxin contamination, including biological control agents, phytochemical antifungal compounds, enzyme detoxification, and the use of novel technologies.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RA1190-1270 ; n/a ; decontamination ; superheated steam ; quercetin glycosides ; antagonism ; mode of action ; corn ; Botrytis sp. ; AITC ; binding ; degradation ; brine shrimp bioassay ; apple pomace ; nanoparticles ; enzymatic detoxification ; Bacillus ; estrogen response element ; Fusarium ; biological detoxification ; abiotic factors ; stability ; fumonisin esterase FumD ; mycotoxigenic fungi ; Aspergillus flavus ; Aflatoxin M1 ; Fusarium graminearum ; milk ; Penicillium digitatum ; biocontrol agents ; biological control ; dry-cured ham ; mycotoxin reduction ; Fusarium sp. ; enzyme kinetics ; Penicillium nordicum ; Satureja montana ; roasted coffee ; fermentation ; crisp biscuit ; detoxification ; essential oils ; gene expression ; probiotics ; zearalenone ; mycotoxins ; degradation products ; Geothrichum citri-aurantii ; garlic-derived extracts ; Zearalenone ; biodegradation ; EU limits ; storage ; Origanum virens ; aflatoxin ; fungal growth reduction ; green chemistry ; Penicillium italicum ; deoxynivalenol ; ?-Fe2O3 ; ochratoxin A (OTA) ; wheat ; cell-free extracts of Aspergillus oryzae ; photocatalysis ; wheat quality ; post-harvest phytopathogen ; cold plasma ; pinnatifidanoside D ; ochratoxin A ; oats ; cell proliferation ; estrogen receptor ; Penicillium verrucosum ; pig production performance ; phloridzin ; maize ; biotransformation ; fumonisin ; fungi ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 85
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The year 2019 has been prolific in terms of new evidence regarding the effects of coffee and caffeine consumption on diverse aspects of human functioning. This book collects 20 high-quality manuscripts published in Nutrients that include original investigation or systematic review studies of the effects of caffeine intake on human performance and health. The diversity of the articles published in this Special Issue highlights the extent of the effects of coffee and caffeine on human functioning, while underpinning the positive nature of most of these effects. This book will help with understanding why the natural sources of caffeine are so widely present in the nutrition behaviors of modern society.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; TX341-641 ; NAT ; n/a ; supplementation ; EEG–EMG coherence ; muscle function ; tea ; fatigue ; ergogenic ; adrenal gland ; skeletal muscle ; xanthine oxidase ; placebo ; CMJ ; efficiency ; colorectal cancer ; rat ; pregnancy ; coffee/caffeine ; Wingate ; 1RM test ; supplement ; actigraphy ; athletic ; systematic review and meta-analysis ; women ; consumption motives ; resistance training ; cancer prevention ; sport supplement ; exercise ; DOMS ; placebo effect ; sprint performance ; power ; behavior ; belief ; health ; perceptions ; exercise performance ; ergogenic aid ; electromyography ; ergogenic effect ; corticosterone ; metabolome ; mood state ; muscle contraction ; strength ; energy drink ; repetition ; responders ; perception ; anaerobic ; CYP450 ; puberty ; energy drinks ; isokinetic testing ; individual responses ; phenotyping ; nutrition ; time under tension ; menstrual cycle ; exercise training ; RPE ; ergogenic substances ; upper limb ; elite athlete ; recovery ; speed ; epidemiology ; caffeine ; sex-difference ; bench press ; pharmacokinetics ; sport performance ; ergogenic aids ; expectancy ; consumer ; football ; newborn ; velocity ; metabolites ; performance ; coffee ; prospective studies ; resistance exercise ; sport ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 86
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The amide bond represents a privileged motif in chemistry. The recent years have witnessed an explosion of interest in the development of new chemical transformations of amides. These developments cover an impressive range of catalytic N–C bond activation in electrophilic, Lewis acid, radical, and nucleophilic reaction pathways, among other transformations. Equally relevant are structural and theoretical studies that provide the basis for chemoselective manipulation of amidic resonance. This monograph on amide bonds offers a broad survey of recent advances in activation of amides and addresses various approaches in the field.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Q1-390 ; QD450-801 ; N-heterocyclic carbene ; non planar amide ; ruthenium (Ru) ; physical organic chemistry ; gemcitabine prodrug ; pyramidal amides ; bridged sultams ; catalysis ; dipeptides ; N-(1-naphthyl)acetamide ; C-N ? bond cleavage ; steric effects ; peptide bond cleavage ; transition-metal-free ; palladium ; N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) ; addition reaction ; C–O activation ; rhodium ; metal complexes ; carbanions ; thioamidation ; amide bond ; intramolecular catalysis ; antiviral activity ; additivity principle ; pre-catalysts ; C–N bond cleavage ; bridged lactams ; C–H acidity ; arynes ; twisted amides ; organic synthesis ; amination ; Suzuki-Miyaura ; tert-butyl ; cyclopentadienyl complexes ; C-S formation ; enzymes ; DFT study ; sulfonamide bond ; N ; HERON reaction ; primaquine ; entropy ; amide activation ; amidation ; synthesis ; amide hydrolysis ; carbonylicity ; amide bond activation ; amide bond resonance ; aminosulfonylation ; molecular dynamics ; model compound ; in situ ; amide ; homogeneous catalysis ; heterocycles ; anomeric effect ; multi-component coupling reaction ; kinetic ; excited state ; C–H bond cleavage ; palladium catalysis ; amides ; thiourea ; formylation ; alkynes ; cis/trans isomerization ; amide C–N bond activation ; intein ; C-H functionalization ; succindiamide ; amide bonds ; crown ether ; aminoacylation ; directing groups ; cytostatic activity ; reaction thermodynamics ; acyl transfer ; transition metals ; N-dimethylformamide ; DMAc ; acylative cross-coupling ; C-H/C-N activation ; nickel catalysis ; antibacterial screening ; sodium ; aryl thioamides ; Winkler-Dunitz parameters ; catalyst ; N-dimethylacetamide ; base-catalyed hydrolysis ; nitrogen heterocycles ; cross-coupling ; insertion ; amidicity ; nitro-aci tautomerism ; activation ; carbonylation ; transamidation ; amine ; distortion ; Pd-catalysis ; rotational barrier energy ; hypersensitivity ; N–C activation ; metabolic stability ; [2+2+2] annulation ; twisted amide ; protease ; cyanation ; amide resonance ; trialkylborane ; catalysts ; biofilm eradication ; pharmacokinetics ; pancreatic cancer cells ; DMF ; aryl esters ; Michael acceptor ; fumardiamide ; water solvation ; ester bond activation ; cyclization ; nuclear magnetic resonance ; secondary amides ; reaction mechanism ; density functional theory ; density-functional theory ; amino acid transporters ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 87
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: In recent years, heavy metals have been widely used in agricultural, chemical, domestic, and technological applications, causing environmental and soil contaminations. Heavy metals enter the plant system through soil or via the atmosphere, and can accumulate, affecting physiological processes, plant growth, yield, and human health if heavy metals are stored in edible tissues. Understanding the regulation mechanisms of plant heavy metals accumulation and partitioning is important to improve the safety of the food chain. In this Special Issue book, a total of 19 articles were included; four reviews covering phytoremediation, manganese phytotoxicity in plants, the effect of cadmium on plant development, the genetic characteristics of Cd accumulation, and the research status of genes and QTLs in rice, respectively, as well as fifteen original research articles, mainly regarding the impact of cadmium on plants. Cadmium was therefore the predominant topic of this Special Issue, increasing the attention of the research community on the negative impacts determined by cadmium or cadmium associated with other heavy metals. The articles have highlighted a great genetic variability, suggesting different possibilities for accumulation, translocation and the reduction or control of heavy metal toxicity in plants.
    Keywords: cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ; transcriptome ; Cd stress ; GhHMAD5 ; overexpression ; VIGS (virus induced gene silence) ; cadmium ; glycinebetaine ; photosynthesis ; ultrastructure ; tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) ; Cadmium ; hyperaccumulator ; Viola baoshanensis ; detoxification ; Cd ; PtoABCG36 ; tolerance ; poplar ; accumulation ; efflux ; phytoremediation ; heavy metals ; hyperaccumulation ; plant genotype improvement ; soil management ; cadmium accumulation ; absorption and transport ; QTL location ; mapping population ; rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; selenium ; cadmium stress ; auxin ; root architecture ; phosphate transporter ; Nicotiana tabacum ; oxidative stress ; cell cycle ; cell wall ; germination ; reproduction ; plant growth and development ; antioxidative system ; Brassicaceae family ; mitogen-activated protein kinases ; Ulva compressa ; antioxidant ; metal chelator ; in vivo chlorophyll a florescence ; physiology ; mitogen activated protein kinases ; metal accumulation ; DNA methylation ; ABCC transporters ; HMA2 ; wheat ; metal stress tolerance ; manganese toxicity ; Mn detoxification ; tolerance mechanism ; gene function ; subcellular compartment ; lead ; nicotianamine ; mugineic acid ; heavy metal ; toxic metal ; durum wheat ; Arabidopsis ; small heat shock protein ; OsMSR3 ; copper stress ; reactive oxygen species ; copper and zinc ; expression in bacteria ; metallothioneins ; marine alga ; Brassica campestris L. ; glutathione synthetase ; glutathione S-transferase ; alternative splicing ; Italian ryegrass root ; LmAUX1 ; hormesis ; growth ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 88
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics and drug interaction studies have been extensively carried out in order to secure the druggability and safety of new chemical entities throughout the development of new drugs. Recently, drug metabolism and transport by phase II drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, respectively, as well as phase I drug metabolizing enzymes, have been studied. A combination of biochemical advances in the function and regulation of drug metabolizing enzymes and automated analytical technologies are revolutionizing drug metabolism research. There are also potential drug–drug interactions with co-administered drugs due to inhibition and/or induction of drug metabolic enzymes and drug transporters. In addition, drug interaction studies have been actively performed to develop substrate cocktails that do not interfere with each other and a simultaneous analytical method of substrate drugs and their metabolites using a tandem mass spectrometer. This Special Issue has the aim of highlighting current progress in drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, and bioanalysis.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; human liver microsomes ; alcohol addiction ; UGT ; ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography ; adalimumab ; procainamide ; LC-MS/MS ; DA-9805 ; paeonol ; LC-QTOF-MS/MS ; YRA-1909 ; chlorogenic acid ; immunoprecipitation ; Eurycoma longifolia ; CYP ; caffeic acid ; rat ; pharmaceutical excipient ; Korean red ginseng extract ; Stauntonia hexaphylla leaf extract ; bioanalysis ; HPLC-MS/MS ; B6 ; eurycomanone ; bioavailability ; drying technology ; GB3 ; diclofenac ; 129-Glatm1Kul/J ; aglycone ; caffeic acid O-glucuronides ; organic anion transporting polypeptide ; protein precipitation ; metabolic stability ; Fabry disease ; biopharmaceuticals ; imperatorin ; neochlorogenic acid ; gastric ulcer ; saikosaponin a ; hair ; anthraquinone ; acetyl tributyl citrate ; pharmacokinetics ; brain distribution ; mematine ; ethyl glucuronide ; pharmacokinetic ; loxoprofen ; liquid chromatography-quadrupole TOF MS ; glucuronidation ; esomeprazole ; metformin ; cytochrome P450 ; glycoside ; AUDIT score ; protein stability ; efficacy ; LC-HR/MS ; cryptochlorogenic acid ; aceclofenac ; drug interaction ; liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ; Osthenol ; plasma ; N-acetylprocainamide ; diabetes ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 89
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Crop models and remote sensing techniques have been combined and applied in agriculture and crop estimation on local and regional scales, or worldwide, based on the simultaneous development of crop models and remote sensing. The literature shows that many new remote sensing sensors and valuable methods have been developed for the retrieval of canopy state variables and soil properties from remote sensing data for assimilating the retrieved variables into crop models. At the same time, remote sensing has been used in a staggering number of applications for agriculture. This book sets the context for remote sensing and modelling for agricultural systems as a mean to minimize the environmental impact, while increasing production and productivity. The eighteen papers published in this Special Issue, although not representative of all the work carried out in the field of Remote Sensing for agriculture and crop modeling,
    Keywords: G1-922 ; Q1-390 ; nitrogen nutrition index ; n/a ; soil organic carbon ; yield estimation ; hyperspectral sensor ; crop modeling ; crop residue management ; land use change ; flat-fan atomizer ; vegetation index ; septoria tritici blotch ; crop simulation model ; temporal variability ; spectral-weight variations in fused images ; plant ; EPIC model ; large cardamom ; crop inventory ; proximal sensing ; sorghum biomass ; soil ; UAV ; Integrated Administration and Control System ; canopy temperature depression ; fractional cover ; Cropsim-CERES Wheat ; hyperspectral data ; yield ; wheat ; precision farming ; SPAD ; AquaCrop ; prediction modeling ; spectral simulation ; leaf nitrogen concentration ; machine learning ; crop production ; protein content ; Á Trous algorithm ; spatial variability ; variable rate technology ; crop type mapping ; Tarim Basin ; leaf area index ; management zone ; irrigation ; multi-spectral ; agricultural land-cover ; crop modelling ; dynamic model ; satellite images ; climate change ; control variables ; generalized model ; Sentinel-2 satellite imagery ; vegetation indices ; vegetable monitoring ; Sentinel-2 ; remote sensing ; cultivars ; crop growth model ; yield monitoring ; big data technology ; conservation agriculture ; GIS ; fAPAR ; droplet drift ; simulation analysis ; durum wheat ; hydroponic ; grain yield ; Leaf Area Index ; NDVI ; precision agriculture ; relative frequencies ; soil stoichiometry ; habitat assessment ; data assimilation ; satellite ; species modelling ; ?13C ; disease ; nitrogen ; yield mapping ; UAV chemical application ; RGB images ; decision support system for agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT) ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography
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  • 90
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Sprouted grains are food ingredients widely appreciated for their improved nutritional, functional, organoleptic, and textural properties compared with non-germinated grains. In recent years, sprouting has been explored as a promising green food engineering strategy to improve the nutritional value of grains and the formation of secondary metabolites with potential application in the functional food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic markets. However, little attention has been paid to the impact of sprouting on the chemical composition, safety aspects, and technofunctional and chemopreventive properties of sprouted seeds and their derived flours and byproducts. The six articles included in this Special Issue present insightful findings on the most recent advances regarding new applications of sprouted seeds or products derived thereof, evaluations of the nutritional value and phytochemical composition of sprouts during production or storage, and explorations of their microbiological, bioactive, and technofunctional properties.
    Keywords: biochemical characteristic ; enzymatic browning ; inhibitory profile ; lentil ; sprouts ; polyphenol oxidase ; purification ; germinated oat ; avenanthramides ; colorectal cancer ; chemoprevention ; bran ; cell walls ; sprouting ; dough rheology ; bread-making ; microstructure ; barley ; germination ; flour ; RSM ; nutritional properties ; bioactive compounds ; quality ; melatonin ; bioavailability ; lentil sprouts ; phenolic compounds ; antioxidant status ; pharmacokinetics ; food safety ; legumes ; microbial contamination ; protein ; mineral ; seed germination ; nutritional value ; phytochemicals ; bioactivity ; health ; technological properties ; food development ; functional foods ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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  • 91
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Allohexaploid bread wheat and diploid barley are two of the most cultivated crops in the world. This book reports novel research and reviews concerning the use of modern technologies to understand the molecular bases for wheat and barley improvement. The contributions published in this book illustrate research advances in wheat and barley knowledge using modern molecular techniques. These molecular approaches cover genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and phenomic levels, together with new tools for gene identification and the development of novel molecular markers. Overall, the contributions for this book lead to a further understanding of regulatory systems in order to improve wheat and barley performance.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; n/a ; biotechnology ; transgene ; Aegilops tauschii ; antioxidant enzymes ; aquaporin ; molecular marker ; Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) ; transgenic wheat ; purple acid phosphatase phytase ; genome editing ; genes ; resistance ; genome assembly ; germination ; protein two-dimensional electrophoresis ; 1 ; disease resistance ; Thinopyrum ; plant ; oligo probe ; optical mapping ; genetic biofortification ; breeding ; population structure ; marker-assisted selection ; crops ; hybrid necrosis ; PAPhy ; Triticeae ; wheat ; Barley ; genome stability ; CRISPR ; powdery mildew ; RNA editing ; bread wheat ; allohexaploid ; nucleus ; chromatin ; introgression ; favorable alleles ; genetic engineering ; Tunisian landraces ; barely ; Pm40 ; Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici ; Transcriptional dynamics ; Lr42 ; Triticum durum ; histochemical analysis ; molecular mapping ; ribosomal DNA ; 12-oxophytodienoate reductase ; small segment translocation ; HIGS ; Powdery mildew ; abiotic stress ; phytase ; RNA-seq ; Bulked segregant analysis-RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq) ; grain ; DArTseq technology ; center of diversity ; mature grain phytase activity (MGPA) ; cereals ; Grain development ; hybrid ; homoeolog ; 3D-FISH ; jasmonates ; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; genetic diversity ; ND-FISH ; durum wheat ; protease ; transpiration ; TdPIP2 ; cereal cyst nematodes ; mass spectrometry ; 6R ; Landrace ; marker-trait associations ; BAC ; chromosome ; barley ; freezing tolerance ; KASP markers ; Triticum aestivum ; rye ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 92
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: We are currently experiencing a climate crisis that is associated with extreme weather events worldwide. Some of its most noticeable effects are increases in temperatures, droughts, and desertification. These effects are already making whole regions unsuitable for agriculture. Therefore, we urgently need global measures to mitigate the effects of climate breakdown as well as crop alternatives that are more stress-resilient. These crop alternatives can come from breeding new varieties of well-established crops, such as wheat and barley. They can also come from promoting underutilized crop species that are naturally tolerant to some stresses, such as quinoa. Either way, we need to gather more knowledge on how plants respond to stresses related to climate breakdown, such as heat, water-deficit, flooding high salinity, nitrogen, and heavy metal stress. This Special Issue provides a timely collection of recent advances in the understanding of plant responses to these stresses. This information will definitely be useful to the design of new strategies to prevent the loss of more cultivable land and to reclaim the land that has already been declared unsuitable.
    Keywords: SB1-1110 ; QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; ZIP ; landraces ; orphan crop ; morphological characteristics ; De novo transcriptome ; lateral root ; abiotic stress ; heat stress ; transcriptome sequencing ; photosynthesis ; hyperaccumulation ; HSP70 ; photoprotection ; IREG ; photosystem I ; quinoa ; plant cell cultures ; water stress ; high temperatures ; tobacco BY-2 ; serpentine ; heat ; chaperons ; waterlogging ; water deficit ; photoinhibition ; selenium ; wheat ; Vigna vexillata ; mechanism ; grain protein content ; salinity ; nickel ; poaceae ; genome-wide association mapping ; nickel hyper-accumulation ; cell death ; mediterranean area ; ferroportin ; high salinity stress ; low nitrogen stress ; legume ; drought ; RNA-Seq ; histidine
    Language: English
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  • 93
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Advancements in high-throughput “Omics” techniques have revolutionized plant molecular biology research. Proteomics offers one of the best options for the functional analysis of translated regions of the genome, generating a wealth of detailed information regarding the intrinsic mechanisms of plant stress responses. Various proteomic approaches are being exploited extensively for elucidating master regulator proteins which play key roles in stress perception and signaling, and these approaches largely involve gel-based and gel-free techniques, including both label-based and label-free protein quantification. Furthermore, post-translational modifications, subcellular localization, and protein–protein interactions provide deeper insight into protein molecular function. Their diverse applications contribute to the revelation of new insights into plant molecular responses to various biotic and abiotic stressors.
    Keywords: SB1-1110 ; QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; 14-3-3 proteins ; n/a ; targeted two-dimensional electrophoresis ; somatic embryogenesis ; nitrogen metabolism ; subtilase ; Sporisorium scitamineum ; non-orthodox seed ; antioxidant activity ; sweet potato plants infected by SPFMV ; photosynthesis ; B. acuminata petals ; chlorophyll deficiency ; seed proteomics ; imbibition ; pollination ; Sarpo Mira ; qRT-PCR ; holm oak ; tuber phosphoproteome ; isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) ; Quercus ilex ; nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase ; lettuce ; ?-subunit ; protein phosphatase ; germination ; drought stress ; pyruvate biosynthesis ; weakening of carbon metabolism ; differential proteins ; heterotrimeric G protein ; organ ; LC-MS-based proteomics ; potato proteomics ; smut ; gel-free/label-free proteomics ; ? subunit ; shotgun proteomics ; 2D ; chloroplast ; proteome functional annotation ; Phalaenopsis ; Clematis terniflora DC. ; wheat ; Dn1-1 ; carbon metabolism ; physiological responses ; Zea mays ; phenylpropanoid biosynthesis ; ISR ; mass spectrometric analysis ; patatin ; leaf ; pea (Pisum sativum L.) ; maize ; ergosterol ; Camellia sinensis ; seed storage proteins ; silver nanoparticles ; elevated CO2 ; metacaspase ; SPV2 and SPVG ; SnRK1 ; MALDI-TOF/TOF ; (phospho)-proteomics ; leaf spot ; rice isogenic line ; wheat leaf rust ; pathway analysis ; phosphoproteome ; sugarcane ; senescence ; Oryza sativa L. ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; heat stress ; gene ontology ; innate immunity ; Pseudomonas syringae ; bolting ; chlorophylls ; shoot ; Simmondsia chinensis ; RT-qPCR ; stresses responses ; Solanum tuberosum ; seeds ; GC-TOF-MS ; sucrose ; proteome ; Puccinia recondita ; cultivar ; Zea mays L. ; secondary metabolism ; ROS ; Ricinus communis L. ; after-ripening ; cadmium ; Stagonospora nodorum ; virus induced gene silencing ; quantitative proteomics ; sweet potato plants non-infected by SPFMV ; affinity chromatography ; population variability ; GS3 ; fungal perception ; ammonium ; transcriptome profiling ; mass spectrometry analysis ; papain-like cysteine protease (PLCP) ; cold stress ; nitrate ; late blight disease ; early and late disease stages ; seed imbibition ; lesion mimic mutant ; protease ; proteome map ; seed dormancy ; petal ; 2-DE proteomics ; 2D DIGE ; root ; Phytophthora infestans ; differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) ; polyphenol oxidase ; degradome ; flavonoid ; 14-3-3 ; caspase-like ; proteomics ; RGG4 ; co-infection ; plasma membrane ; chlorotic mutation ; Medicago sativa ; RGG3 ; glycolysis ; barley ; 2-DE ; protein phosphorylation ; western blotting ; N utilization efficiency ; rice ; plant pathogenesis responses ; high temperature ; data-independent acquisition ; pattern recognition receptors ; vegetative storage proteins ; leaf cell wall proteome ; plant-derived smoke ; iTRAQ ; starch ; proteome profiling ; Morus
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  • 94
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Global crop production must substantially increase to meet the needs of a rapidly growing population. This is constrained by the availability of nutrients, water, and land. There is also an urgent need to reduce the negative environmental impacts of crop production. Collectively, these issues represent one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. Sustainable cropping systems based on ecological principles are the core of integrated approaches to solve this critical challenge. This special issue provides an international basis for revealing the underlying mechanisms of sustainable cropping systems to drive agronomic innovations. It includes review and original research articles that report novel scientific findings on improvement in cropping systems related to crop yields and their resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, resource use efficiency, environmental impact, sustainability, and ecosystem services.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; S1-972 ; nutrient use efficiency ; organic fertilization ; system approach ; Helianthus annuus L. ; catch crop ; Texas High Plains ; forage yield and quality ; living mulch ; nutrient cycling ; quality ; leguminous cover crop ; conservation ; light ; sustainable crop production ; crop rotation ; WHCNS ; stemborer ; complexity ; perennial ; manure ; maize production ; SOC and STN stocks ; cover crops ; forage pea ; yield ; SDS-PAGE analysis ; vineyard system ; double cropping ; wheat ; partial returns ; soybean ; vetch ; nitrogen use efficiency ; enzyme activities ; agrobiodiversity ; gross margin ; residue C and N release ; systematic review ; maize ; protein crops ; no-tillage ; environmental quality ; fall grazing ; kura clover ; cover crop ; organization ; scenario analyses ; cropping system design ; irrigation ; sustainable yield index ; multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) ; Acidic soil ; Europe ; Zea mais L. ; shade ; up-scaling ; water ; conservation agriculture ; water use efficiency ; Triticum aestivum L. ; forage sorghum ; N use efficiency ; nutrient balance ; organic cropping system ; forage ; durum wheat ; cropping systems ; nitrate ; grain yield ; nitrogen nutrition ; conventionalization ; crop residue incorporation ; cereal rye ; green manure ; straw decomposition ; hierarchical patch dynamics ; N uptake ; farmer’s perception ; pearl millet ; nitrogen ; faba bean ; agroecology ; harvesting strategies ; rice ; gluten fractions ; weed suppression ; economics ; mineral N fertilization ; push-pull technology ; growth ; potato (Solanum tuberosum) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 95
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In a worldwide context of ever-growing competition for water and land, climate change, droughts and man-made water scarcity, and less-participatory water governance, agriculture faces the great challenge of producing enough food for a continually increasing population. In this line, this book provides a broad overview of innovation issues in the complex water–agriculture–food nexus, thus also relative to their interconnections and dependences. Issues refer to different spatial scales, from the field or the farm to the irrigation system or the river basin. Multidisciplinary approaches are used when analyzing the relationships between water, agriculture, and food security. The covered issues are quite diverse and include: innovation in crop evapotranspiration, crop coefficients and modeling; updates in research relative to crop water use and saving; irrigation scheduling and systems design; simulation models to support water and agricultural decisions; issues to cope with water scarcity and climate change; advances in water resource quality and sustainable uses; new tools for mapping and use of remote sensing information; and fostering a participative and inclusive governance of water for food security and population welfare. This book brings together a variety of contributions by leading international experts, professionals, and scholars in those diverse fields. It represents a major synthesis and state-of-the-art on various subjects, thus providing a valuable and updated resource for all researchers, professionals, policymakers, and post-graduate students interested in the complex world of the water–agriculture–food nexus.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; GE1-350 ; Q1-390 ; S1-972 ; hysteresis loops ; irrigation systems design ; fuzzy cognitive maps ; Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) ; olive orchard ; Kcb from ground cover ; crop growth ; surface water pollution ; crop water use and evapotranspiration ; measures ; water–energy–food nexus ; water-agriculture-food nexus ; drought classes ; soil temperature ; pressures ; crop water requirements ; Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) ; validation ; latent heat flux ; log-linear modeling ; impact ; Row crops ; dried on the vine ; reform ; Tagus River Basin ; precise land levelling ; regulated deficit irrigation ; Transfer ; relative pressure exceedance ; irrigation district ; evaporation ; Irrigation ; perturbation ; aridity effects ; economic and environmental issues ; water users’ organization ; pressurized irrigation systems ; decision support systems (DSS) ; Pampa biome ; crop yield ; reference evapotranspiration ; DPSIR ; SIMDualKc model ; semi-arid region ; wheat ; calibration ; design of irrigation systems ; Density coefficient ; simulation models ; biomass ; crop transpiration ; groundwater ; direct forcing ; Spain ; satellite observations ; maize yield ; water and salt balance ; soil water balance ; spatial variability ; persistence ; supply–demand balance model ; sustained deficit irrigation ; leaf area index ; evapotranspiration ; eddy covariance ; dry drainage system ; droughts ; Participatory Irrigation Management ; Black soil ; surface irrigation modelling ; drip and basin irrigation ; remote sensing ; crop coefficient curves ; irrigation scheduling ; unsteady flow ; root growth ; North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) ; Sensitive Zones ; soil evaporation ; actual evapotranspiration ; agricultural intensification ; organizational analysis ; policies ; water and land management ; agriculture ; hydrant risk indicator ; evaporative fraction ; local advection ; Fiesta grapes ; Evapotranspiration ; Dual crop coefficients ; Vulnerable Zones ; salinity ; cut-off time ; soil moisture ; irrigation water governance ; nitrogen ; Andalusia ; Corn ; basal crop coefficients ; water balance ; participatory management ; beneficial water use ; soil nutrient ; water users association ; deficit irrigation ; stakeholder engagement ; new technologies ; smartphone application ; drip irrigation ; Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ; inflow rates ; policy-making ; soil water storage depletion ; on-demand operation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 96
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Agriculture requires technical solutions for increasing production while lessening environmental impact by reducing the application of agro-chemicals and increasing the use of environmentally friendly management practices. A benefit of this is the reduction of production costs. Sensor technologies produce tools to achieve the abovementioned goals. The explosive technological advances and developments in recent years have enormously facilitated the attainment of these objectives, removing many barriers for their implementation, including the reservations expressed by farmers. Precision agriculture and ‘smart farming’ are emerging areas where sensor-based technologies play an important role. Farmers, researchers, and technical manufacturers are joining their efforts to find efficient solutions, improvements in production, and reductions in costs. This book brings together recent research and developments concerning novel sensors and their applications in agriculture. Sensors in agriculture are based on the requirements of farmers, according to the farming operations that need to be addressed.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; optical sensor ; spectral analysis ; response surface sampling ; sensor evaluation ; electromagnetic induction ; multivariate water quality parameters ; mandarin orange ; crop inspection platform ; SPA-MLR ; object tracking ; feature selection ; simultaneous measurement ; diseases ; genetic algorithms ; processing of sensed data ; electrochemical sensors ; thermal image ; ECa-directed soil sampling ; handheld ; recognition patterns ; salt concentration ; clover-grass ; bovine embedded hardware ; weed control ; soil ; field crops ; vineyard ; connected dominating set ; water depth sensors ; SS-OCT ; wheat ; striped stem-borer ; silage ; geostatistics ; detection ; NIR hyperspectral imaging ; electronic nose ; machine learning ; virtual organizations of agents ; packing density ; data validation and calibration ; dataset ; Wi-SUN ; temperature sensors ; geoinformatics ; gas sensor ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ; vegetable oil ; photograph-grid method ; Vitis vinifera ; WSN distribution algorithms ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; irrigation ; quality assessment ; energy efficiency ; wireless sensor network (WSN) ; geo-information ; Fusarium ; texture features ; weeds ; discrimination ; big data ; soil moisture sensors ; meat spoilage ; land cover ; stereo imaging ; near infrared sensors ; biological sensing ; compound sensor ; pest management ; moisture ; plant localization ; heavy metal contamination ; artificial neural networks ; spectral pre-processing ; moisture content ; apparent soil electrical conductivity ; data fusion ; semi-arid regions ; smart irrigation ; back propagation model ; wireless sensor network ; energy balance ; light-beam ; fluorescent measurement ; agriculture ; precision agriculture ; deep learning ; spectroscopy ; hulled barely ; dielectric probe ; RPAS ; water supply network ; rice leaves ; mobile app ; gradient boosted machines ; hyperspectral camera ; one-class ; nitrogen ; LiDAR ; total carbon ; chemometrics analysis ; rice ; agricultural land ; on-line vis-NIR measurement ; CARS ; obstacle detection ; stratification ; neural networks ; regression estimator ; Kinect ; proximity sensing ; distributed systems ; pest ; noninvasive detection ; texture feature ; soil mapping ; classification ; soil salinity ; visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy ; germination ; computer vision ; hyperspectral imaging ; diffusion ; dielectric dispersion ; UAS ; random forests ; case studies ; total nitrogen ; thermal imaging ; cameras ; dry matter composition ; near-infrared ; salt tolerance ; deep convolutional neural networks ; soil type classification ; water management ; preprocessing methods ; wireless sensor networks (WSN) ; remote sensing image classification ; precision plant protection ; radar ; spatial variability ; GF-1 satellite ; plant disease ; naked barley ; leaf area index ; CIE-Lab ; change of support ; radiative transfer model ; 3D reconstruction ; plant phenotyping ; vine ; near infrared ; vegetation indices ; remote sensing ; greenhouse ; time-series data ; scattering ; sensor ; crop area ; speckle ; spatial data ; grapevine breeding ; wide field view ; partial least squares-discriminant analysis ; spiking ; area frame sampling ; chromium content ; machine-learning ; RGB-D sensor ; pest scouting ; PLS ; Capsicum annuum ; spatial-temporal model ; drying temperature ; boron tolerance ; ambient intelligence ; laser wavelength ; fuzzy logic ; dynamic weight ; landslide ; management zones ; real-time processing ; event detection ; crop monitoring ; apple shelf-life ; rice field monitoring ; wireless sensor ; birth sensor ; proximal sensor ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Throughout most of history, medicinal plants and their active metabolites have represented a valuable source of compounds used to prevent and to cure several diseases. Interest in natural compounds is still high as they represent a source of novel biologically/pharmacologically active compounds. Due to their high structural diversity and complexity, they are interesting structural scaffolds that can offer promising candidates for the study of new drugs, functional foods, and food additives.Plant extracts are a highly complex mixture of compounds and qualitative and quantitative analyses are necessary to ensure their quality. Furthermore, greener methods of extraction and analysis are needed today.This book is based on articles submitted for publication in the Special Issue entitled “Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Natural Products” that collected original research and reviews on these topics.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; Scorzonera ; capsaicinoids ; artificial neural network ; cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury ; antioxidant activity ; quality evaluation ; chemometrics ; secondary metabolites ; identification ; antioxidant capacity ; Moroccan region ; volatile compounds ; HPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS ; quantitative analysis ; amino acids content ; HPLC-ELSD ; antioxidant ; autophagy ; quantification ; sugars ; 1-triacontanol ; hemp seed oil ; Alzheimer’s disease ; macrodiolides ; extraction ; recycling preparative high performance liquid chromatography ; HPLC methods ; GC-MS ; Myristica fragrans ; Rossa da inverno sel. Rojo Duro onion cultivar ; fruit powders ; decursin ; food traceability ; ionic liquids ; separation optimisation ; Spondias spp. ; C-glycosylflavone ; wine ; UPLC-MS ; scutellarein ; saffron ; carotenoids ; red cabbage ; hydrodistillation ; Ginkgo biloba Extract (GBE) ; gas chromatography ; organic acids ; olive leaves ; crocins ; CBD oil ; Bolbostemma paniculatum ; UPLC-ESI-MS/MS ; geographical origin ; HPLC ; traditional Chinese medicine decoction ; liquid chromatography ; bioactive natural compounds ; Podospermum ; metabolic profiling ; SPME-GC/MS ; LTQ-Orbitrap ; oral administration ; UPLC ; bioactive compounds ; Erigeron breviscapus extract ; terrain conditions ; nutmeg ; antibacterial activity ; method validation ; ShenFu prescription decoction ; chili ; decursinol angelate ; statistical evaluations ; stereoselective and simultaneous analysis ; curcuminoids ; Talaromyces pinophilus ; talarodiolide ; HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS ; Olea europaea L. ; triterpenes ; chromatogram-bioactivity correlation ; essential oil ; stability ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz. ; endothelial function ; anthocyanins ; HPLC analysis ; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ; nodakenin ; turmerone ; UHPLC-MS/MS ; Quercus acuta leaf ; Curcuma longa ; UHPLC analysis ; ginseng berry extract ; geographical variation ; qualitative analysis ; Sorbus ; free radical-scavenging ; ginsenosides ; flavonoids ; biostimulant ; GC/MS ; terpenes ; aleuritolic acid ; phenolic compounds ; apoptosis ; response surface methodology ; phenolic acids ; pharmacokinetics ; mass spectrometry ; scutellarin ; multivariate statistical analysis ; phenolics ; MODDE experimental design ; proanthocyanidins ; UFLC-QQQ-MS ; rice ; cannabidiol ; odor-activity values ; UPLC-QTOF-MS ; turmeric ; decursinol ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 98
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The way plants grow and develop organs significantly impacts the overall performance and yield of crop plants. The basic knowledge now available in plant development has the potential to help breeders in generating plants with defined architectural features to improve productivity. Plant translational research effort has steadily increased over the last decade due to the huge increase in the availability of crop genomic resources and Arabidopsis-based sequence annotation systems. However, a consistent gap between fundamental and applied science has yet to be filled. One critical point often brought up is the unreadiness of developmental biologists on one side to foresee agricultural applications for their discoveries, and of the breeders to exploit gene function studies to apply to candidate gene approaches when advantageous on the other. In this book, both developmental biologists and breeders make a special effort to reconcile research on the basic principles of plant development and organogenesis with its applications to crop production and genetic improvement. Fundamental and applied science contributions intertwine and chase each other, giving the reader different but complementary perspectives from only apparently distant corners of the same world.
    Keywords: SB1-1110 ; QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; HD-Zip transcription factors ; Plant in vitro cultures ; plant breeding ; recalcitrant species ; CLV ; wounding ; semi-dwarf ; photoreceptors ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; root development ; morphogenesis ; embryogenesis ; cytokinin ; auxin conjugation ; molecular marker ; Development ; boundaries ; translational research ; proline biosynthesis ; Brassicaceae ; meristem formation ; phytohormones ; stem cells ; meristem ; cytoskeleton ; hydrogen peroxide ; ligule ; genetic improvement ; tree phase change ; Rht18 ; hairy roots ; WUS ; GRETCHEN HAGEN 3 (GH3) IAA-amido synthase group II ; photoperiod ; linkage map ; SAM ; ground tissue ; signaling ; differentiation ; protoxylem ; ambient temperature ; gibberellins ; molecular regulation ; proximodistal patterning ; wheat-rye hybrids ; RolD ; somatic cell selection ; flowering time ; plant development and organogenesis ; grass ; root ; wheat ; crop productivity ; genetic transformation ; regulatory networks ; light environment ; rol genes ; root plasticity ; morphogenic ; stem apical meristem ; auxin ; shoot meristem ; Arabidopsis ; organogenesis ; transformation ; Vasculature ; Organogenesis ; radial patterning ; plant development ; reduced height ; root apical meristem ; Asteraceae ; vernalization ; KNOX transcription factors ; locule ; plant cell and tissue culture ; Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; genes of reproductive isolation ; cell wall ; lateral root cap ; CLE ; auxin minimum ; age
    Language: English
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  • 99
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book entitled “Cocoa, Chocolate, and Human Health” presents the most recent findings about cocoa and health in 14 peer-reviewed chapters including nine original contributions and five reviews from cocoa experts around the world. Bioavailability and metabolism of the main cocoa polyphenols, i.e., the flavanols like epicatechin, are presented including metabolites like valerolactones that are formed by the gut microbiome. Many studies, including intervention studies or epidemiological observations, do not focus on single compounds, but on cocoa as a whole. This proves the effectiveness of cocoa as a functional food. A positive influence of cocoa on hearing problems, exercise performance, and metabolic syndrome is discussed with mixed results; the results about exercise performance are contradictive. Evidence shows that cocoa flavanols may modulate some risk factors related to metabolic syndrome such as hypertension and disorders in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, several cardiometabolic parameters in type 2 diabetics were not affected by a flavanol-rich cocoa powder as simultaneous treatment with pharmaceuticals might have negated the effect of cocoa. The putative health-promoting components of cocoa are altered during processing like fermentation, drying, and roasting of cocoa beans. Chocolate, the most popular cocoa product, shows remarkable losses in polyphenols and vitamin E during 18 months of storage.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; TX341-641 ; n/a ; lipids ; theobromine ; colonic bacteria ; ?-glucosidase inhibition ; cacao ; tinnitus ; antioxidant capacity ; metabolomics ; methylxanthines ; lipid status ; physical exercise ; skeletal muscle ; functional volatile compounds ; soluble cocoa products ; blood pressure ; flavanols ; functional food ; classification ; monitoring ; cocoa ; yeast ; quality ; flavanols bioavailability ; fermentation ; cocoa processing ; hearing loss ; Italian chocolate ; chocolate ; (?)-catechin ; extraction and characterization methods ; heath potentials ; CREB ; inflammation ; flavanol-rich cocoa ; behavior ; (?)-epicatechin ; BDNF ; plasma appearance ; flavan-3-ol stereoisomers ; fermentation-related enzymes ; angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity ; type 2 diabetes ; CaMKII ; exercise performance ; anti-inflammatory properties ; (+)-catechin ; bioactive compounds ; chiral separation ; plasma ; oxidative stress ; antidiabetic capacity ; polyphenols ; oligopeptides ; urine ; protein–phenol interactions ; postprandial ; working memory ; procyanidins ; simulated gastrointestinal digestion ; cocoa-based ingredients ; one-compartment model ; cocoa beans ; athlete ; biomarkers ; polyphenol ; metabolic syndrome ; nutrition ; bioavailability ; roasting ; glucose metabolism ; cohort study ; plasma nutrikinetics ; pharmacokinetics ; human ; cocoa proteins ; metabolites ; cocoa by-product ; meal ; bioactive peptides ; performance ; liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QToF-MS) ; starter culture ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 100
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Carotenoids are a group of natural pigments, consisting of more than 750 compounds. They are mostly yellow, orange, or red in color, due to the system of conjugated double bonds. This structural element is also responsible for the good antioxidant properties of many carotenoids. Carotenoids have shown numerous biological activities (not only as provitamin A), e.g., preventive properties of fruits and vegetables. As lipophilic compounds, their uptake and storage in the body are dependent on various conditions. In vitro and in vivo data showed stimulating and inhibitory effects of matrix compounds on bioaccessibility and bioavailability of carotenoids.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; singlet-triplet annihilation ; silicon carotenoids ; dye-sensitized solar cells ; spent coffee grounds ; astaxanthin ; antioxidant antagonism ; carotenoid and chlorophyll derivatives ; fluorocarotenoids ; RNS ; feed processing ; ?-carotene ; iodocarotenoids ; hydrophilic ; selenium carotenoids ; free radical kinetics ; mechanisms ; stability ; free radicals ; antioxidant ; soil amendment ; pressurized fluid extraction ; extraction ; metal ions ; lutein ; lettuce ; lycopene ; antioxidant synergism ; iron carotenoids ; ROS ; solubility ; flavonoids ; bromocarotenoids ; sulfur carotenoids ; marine carotenoids ; cationic lipid ; carotenoids ; antioxidants ; nelfinavir ; fruit ; SK-Hep-1 ; carotenoid ; storage ; vegetables ; ethanol ; exon skipping ; inflammation ; xanthophylls ; Duchenne muscular dystrophy ; pharmacokinetics ; carrots ; chlorocarotenoids ; chelating compound ; cardiovascular disease ; ageing ; accelerated solvent extraction ; nitrogen carotenoids ; VEGF ; chlorophyll ; liquid chromatography ; antiradical ; PEG conjugates ; injection solvent ; cycloaddition ; HIV ; esterification ; antisense oligonucleotide ; B16F10 ; interaction ; cancer chemoprevention ; antireductant ; PC-3 ; oxidative stress ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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