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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (471,889)
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  • 11
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    Constraining past environmental changes of cold‐water coral mounds with geochemical proxies in corals and foraminifera (2021)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-21
    Description: Cold‐water coral (CWC) reefs and mounds are and have been biodiversity hotspots of the deep sea. As their occurrence depends on specific environmental parameters, gaining hindsight on changing ocean conditions under on‐going climate change is the key to a better understanding of CWC mound development through time. A convenient technique for reconstructing the palaeoenvironment during periods of CWC mound growth is by extracting geochemical proxies from biologically mediated carbonates. Here, the focus is on probably the two most abundant calcareous archives, that are, cold‐water Scleractinia and Foraminifera, with an overview of the geochemical proxies (selection) used in these aragonitic and calcitic skeletons from CWC mounds. A particular emphasis is set on constraining proxies for temperature, salinity, seawater density, seawater carbonate systems parameters (pH, CO 3 2− ), nutrients, oxygen and water mass tracers.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 12
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    Long‐Period Astronomical Forcing of Westerlies' Strength in Central Asia During Miocene Climate Cooling (2019)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-21
    Description: The continental expression of global cooling during the Miocene Climate Transition in Central Asia is poorly documented, as the tectonically active setting complicates the correlation of Neogene regional and global climatic developments. This study presents new geochemical data (CaSO 4 content, carbonate δ 13 C and δ 18 O) from the endorheic alluvial‐lacustrine Aktau succession (Ili Basin, south‐east Kazakhstan) combined with findings from the previously published facies evolution. Time series analysis revealed long‐eccentricity forcing of the paleohydrology throughout the entire succession, split into several facies‐dependent segments. Orbital tuning, constrained by new laser ablation U‐Pb dates and a preexisting magnetostratigraphy, places the succession in a 5.0 Ma long interval in the middle to late Miocene (15.6 to 10.6 Ma). The long‐term water accumulation in the Ili Basin followed the timing of the Miocene Climate Transition, suggesting increased precipitation in the catchment area in response to climate cooling and stronger westerly winds. This was paced by minima of the 2.4 Ma eccentricity cycle, which favored the establishment of a discharge playa (~14.3 Ma) and a perennial lake (12.6 to 11.8 Ma). Furthermore, low obliquity amplitudes (nodes) caused a transient weakening of the westerlies at ~13.7 to 13.5 Ma and at ~12.7 Ma, resulting in negative hydrological budgets and salinization. Flooding of the windward Ili Basin coeval with aridification in the leeward basins suggests that the Tian Shan was a climate boundary already in the middle Miocene. Our results emphasize the impact of climate fluctuations on the westerlies' strength and thus on Central Asian hydrology.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 13
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    Onshore thermokarst primes subsea permafrost degradation (2021)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley-Blackwell, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-31
    Description: The response of permafrost to submergence can vary between ice-rich late Pleistocene deposits and the thermokarst basins that thawed out during the Holocene. We hypothesize that inundated Alases offshore thaw faster than submerged Yedoma. To test this hypothesis, we estimated depths to the top of ice-bearing permafrost offshore of the Bykovsky Peninsula in northeast Siberia using electrical resistivity surveys. The surveys traversed submerged lagoon deposits, drained and refrozen Alas deposits, and undisturbed Yedoma from the coastline to 373 m offshore. While the permafrost degradation rates of the submerged Yedoma were in the range of similar sites, the submerged Alas permafrost degradation rates were up to 170% faster. Given the abundance of thermokarst basins and lakes along parts of the Arctic coastline, its effect on subsea permafrost degradation must be similarly prevalent. Remote sensing analyses suggest that 54% of lagoons wider than 500 m originated in thermokarst basins.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 14
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    Greenhouse gas production and lipid biomarker distribution in Yedoma and Alas thermokarst lake sediments in Eastern Siberia (2021)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  EPIC3Global Change Biology, Wiley-Blackwell, ISSN: 1354-1013
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-31
    Description: Permafrost thaw leads to thermokarst lake formation and talik growth tens of meters deep, enabling microbial decomposition of formerly frozen organic matter (OM). We analyzed two 17-m-long thermokarst lake sediment cores taken in Central Yakutia, Russia. One core was from an Alas lake in a Holocene thermokarst basin that underwent multiple lake generations, and the second core from a young Yedoma upland lake (formed ca. 70 years ago) whose sediments have thawed for the first time since deposition. This comparison provides a glance into OM fate in thawing Yedoma deposits. We analyzed total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content, n-alkanes concentrations, and bacterial and archaeal membrane markers. Furthermore, we conducted one-year-long incubations (4 °C, dark) and measured anaerobic carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production. The sediments from both cores contained little TOC (0.7±0.4 wt%), but DOC values were relatively high, with highest values in the frozen Yedoma lake sediments (1620 mg L-1). Cumulative GHG production after one year was highest in the Yedoma lake sediments (226±212 μg CO2-C gdw-1, 28±36 μg CH4-C gdw-1) and 3 and 1.5 times lower in the Alas lake sediments, respectively (75±76 μg CO2-C gdw-1, 19±29 μg CH4-C gdw-1). The highest CO2 production in the frozen Yedoma lake sediments likely results from decomposition of readily bioavailable OM, while highest CH4 production in the non-frozen top sediments of this core suggests that methanogenic communities established upon thaw. The lower GHG production in the non-frozen Alas lake sediments resulted from advanced OM decomposition during Holocene talik development. Furthermore, we found that drivers of CO2 and CH4 production differ following thaw. Our results suggest that GHG production from TOC-poor mineral deposits, which are widespread throughout the Arctic, can be substantial. Therefore, our novel data are relevant for vast ice-rich permafrost deposits vulnerable to thermokarst formation.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 15
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    Thermo‐erosional valleys in Siberian ice‐rich permafrost (2021)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  EPIC3Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, Wiley-Blackwell, 32(1), pp. 59-75, ISSN: 1045-6740
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-31
    Description: Thermal erosion is a major mechanism of permafrost degradation, resulting in characteristic landforms. We inventory thermo-erosional valleys in ice-rich coastal lowlands adjacent to the Siberian Laptev Sea based on remote sensing, Geographic Information System (GIS), and field investigations for a first regional assessment of their spatial distribution and characteristics. Three study areas with similar geological (Yedoma Ice Complex) but diverse geomorphological conditions vary in valley areal extent, incision depth, and branching geometry. The most extensive valley networks are incised deeply (up to 35 m) into the broad inclined lowland around Mamontov Klyk. The flat, low-lying plain forming the Buor Khaya Peninsula is more degraded by thermokarst and characterized by long valleys of lower depth with short tributaries. Small, isolated Yedoma Ice Complex remnants in the Lena River Delta predominantly exhibit shorter but deep valleys. Based on these hydrographical network and topography assessments, we discuss geomorphological and hydrological connections to erosion processes. Relative catchment size along with regional slope interact with other Holocene relief-forming processes such as thermokarst and neotectonics. Our findings suggest that thermo-erosional valleys are prominent, hitherto overlooked permafrost degradation landforms that add to impacts on biogeochemical cycling, sediment transport, and hydrology in the degrading Siberian Yedoma Ice Complex.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 16
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    Transgenerational plasticity in marine sticklebacks: maternal effects mediate impacts of a warming ocean (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  EPIC3Functional Ecology, Wiley-Blackwell, 28, pp. 1482-1493, ISSN: 0269-8463
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-15
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 17
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    Stress effects on metabolism and energy budgets in mollusks (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  EPIC3Oxidative Stress in Aquatic Ecosystems, Oxidative Stress in Aquatic Ecosystems, Wiley-Blackwell, 18 p., pp. 263-280, ISBN: 978-1-4443-3548-4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: The chapter will summarize and critically review metabolic responses to environmental stress and stress effects on energy budgets in mollusks. Metabolic adaptations to environmental stress will be analyzed including alternative energy conserving pathways, aerobic/anaerobic transitions and metabolic arrest. Their role in the efficient use of energy substrates and in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and redox status will be discussed. General stress effects on energy budget at different organization levels (from the cell to the whole-organism) will be analyzed including energy uptake, assimilation, conversion and expenditure, as well as the metabolic costs associated with stress resistance (including antioxidant protection, chaperone function and damage repair). We will compare metabolic responses to moderate and extreme levels of environmental stressors using temperature, ocean acidification, salinity, oxygen deficiency and toxic metal stress as examples. This chapter will also outline the future research directions to improve our understanding of the stress effects on bioenergetics in mollusks and other invertebrates. Keywords: Stress, metabolic adaptation, metabolic arrest, bioenergetics, cellular defense, energy trade-offs
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 18
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    Oxidative Stress in Aquatic Ecosystems (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  EPIC3Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN: 9781444335484
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Book , peerRev
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  • 19
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    Iron in coastal marine ecosystems: role in oxidative stress (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  EPIC3Oxidative Stress in Aquatic Ecosystems, Oxidative Stress in Aquatic Ecosystems, Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell, 524 p., pp. 115-126, ISBN: 978 1 4443 3548 4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 20
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    Traversing nature’s danger zone: getting up close with Sumatra’s volcanoes. (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-10
    Description: The Indonesian island of Sumatra, located in one of the most active zones of the Pacific Ring of Fire, is characterized by a chain of subduction-zone volcanoes which extend the entire length of the island. As a group of volcanic geochemists, we embarked upon a five-week sampling expedition to these exotic, remote, and in part explosive volcanoes (SAGE 2010; Sumatran Arc Geochemical Expedition). We set out to collect rock and gas samples from 17 volcanic centres from the Sumatran segment of the Sunda arc system, with the aim of obtaining a regionally significant sample set that will allow quantification of the respective roles of mantle versus crustal sources to magma genesis along the strike of the arc. Here we document our geological journey through Sumatra’s unpredictable terrain, including the many challenges faced when working on active volcanoes in pristine tropical climes.
    Description: Swedish Science Foundation (VR), Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Upp-sala University Centre for Natural Disaster Science (CNDS) and Otterborgska donationsfonden
    Description: Published
    Description: 64-70
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Sumatra ; Indonesia ; geochemisty ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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