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  • 1
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    Species composition, abundance and distribution of phytoplankton in the thermocline layer in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26268 | 2002 | 2019-02-22 07:03:16 | 26268 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: Phytoplankton density, taxonomic composition and distribution in the thermocline layer were investigated to compare with those in the surface layer of 31 stations in the western Philippines during 17 April – 9 May 1998. The samples were collected from surface, thermocline depth (the beginning of thermocline), and chlorophyll maximum depth. In this study, thermocline depth and chlorophyll maximum depth were included in the thermocline layer. Three hundred and thirty-eight taxa, composed of 2 species of blue green alga, 144 species of diatoms and 168 species of dinoflagellates were identified. The occurrence of the species in each sampling depth were recorded. Phytoplankton densities at chlorophyll maximum depth were mostly highest among the sampling depths observed. The most abundance was 20,683 cells/l found at thermocline depth of station 24 due to the blooms of many diatom species. Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) erythraea and Chaetoceros lorenzianus were dominant from surface through chlorophyll maximum depth. Seven species of diatoms presented as the dominant species only in the thermocline layer. The toxic dinoflagellates were found in low cell densities. Diversity and evenness indices of phytoplankton at chlorophyll maximum depth were high.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Oceanography ; Dominant species ; Abundance ; Population density ; Phytoplankton ; Thermocline ; South China Sea ; Philippines ; Dinoflagellata ; Bacillariophyceae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 197-216
    Format: 20
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  • 2
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    Subthermocline chlorophyll maxima in the South China Sea, Area III (Western Philippines) (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26269 | 2002 | 2019-02-22 03:41:31 | 26269 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: The subsurface chlorophyll maxima from 31 sampling stations in the South China Sea off Western Philippines were investigated. The extremely low concentration of chlorophyll ranged 0.001-0.104 µg/l were observed. These values were thought to be a result of serious problem of samples storage for too long at -20°C. Shipboard analysis or improved storage strategy should be considered.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Chlorophylls ; Phytoplankton ; Biological sampling ; South China Sea ; Philippines
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 217-219
    Format: 3
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  • 3
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    Sub-thermocline chlorophyll maximum in the South China Sea, Area IV: Vietnamese waters (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26387 | 23782 | 2019-04-05 08:46:20 | 26387 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: Shipboard measurement of chlorophyll a and b by HPLC system were carried out on the M.V. SEAFDEC Cruise No. 57/3-1999 from 21 April to 5 June 1999, in the South China Sea, Vietnamese waters. Chlorophyll a and b in surface water (2 m), seasonal thermocline below the mixed layer, chlorophyll maximum depth and sub-chlorophyll maximum depth from 58 stations in the studied area were investigated. Chlorophyll maximum depth ranged 7-90m and the concentration of chlorophyll a and b in this layer were 0.07-1.75 mg/m3 and 0.003-0.31 mg/m3 respectively. High concentration of chlorophyll a and b were observed in nearshore water which may reflected the effect of runoff from the coastal cities and lower Mekong delta. Observed chlorophyll concentrations in this area agreed well with other values reported for tropical seas.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Chlorophylls ; Salinity ; Water temperature ; Thermocline ; Primary production ; Dissolved oxygen ; pH ; Viet Nam ; South China Sea
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 251-264
    Format: 14
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  • 4
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    Species composition, abundance and distribution of phytoplankton in the thermocline layer in the South China Sea, Area IV: Vietnamese waters (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26389 | 23782 | 2019-04-08 06:20:34 | 26389 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: One hundred and eighty-five samples of phytoplankton were collected from 58 stations in the Vietnamese waters during 30 April – 29 May 1999 to investigated species composition, abundance and distribution in the thermocline layer compared with those in the surface layer. The samples were taken from surface, thermocline depth and chlorophyll maximum depth. In this study, thermocline depth and chlorophyll maximum depth were included in the thermocline layer. Three hundred and fifty- seven taxa, composed of 2 species of blue green alga, 159 species of diatoms and 161 species of dinoflagellates, were identified. The occurrence of species in each layer was recorded. The cell densities at chlorophyll maximum depth were highest among the sampling depths observed in most stations of the survey. Data obtained from the samples collected from surface to 150 m with 25 m interval to study vertical distribution indicates that maximum cell density of the water column presented between 60 – 110 m. The most abundance was 179,386 cells/l found at chlorophyll maximum depth near the Ca Mau Cape due to the bloom of many diatom species. Oscillatoria ( Trichodesmium ) erythraea, Proboscia alata, Pseudosolenia calcar-avis and Thalassionema frauenfeldii were dominant at all sampling depths. Five species of diatoms presented as dominant species only in the thermocline layer. Alexandrium was frequently found at surface through chlorophyll maximum depth in the south. Diversity and evenness indices of all sampling depths were high in the Gulf of Tonkin and decreased through the south of Vietnam. These indices were high in the thermocline layer.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Geographical distribution ; Community composition ; Abundance ; Check lists ; Phytoplankton ; Thermocline ; Algae ; Pseudosolenia calcar-avis ; Alexandrium ; Thalassionema frauenfeldii ; Proboscia alata ; Oscillatoria erythraea ; Oscillatoria ; Viet Nam ; South China Sea
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 292-309
    Format: 18
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  • 5
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    The primary productivity in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26271 | 2002 | 2019-02-21 02:15:25 | 26271 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: In this paper the relative concentrations and vertical distributions of primary production were investigated off Western Philippines of the South China Sea during tradewinds from April 15 to May 11, 1998. Primary productivity measurements were conducted using conventional "light-and-dark bottle" oxygen method. The net primary production estimates at ten (10) different stations established between 19° 59.2'N, 119° 58.7'E and 11° 13.5'N, 118° 03.1'E ranged from 0.10 ~ 1.53 g C m-2 d1. The result suggests that the present net production estimates in the area is remarkably higher than the estimates from other parts of the South China Sea (viz., northern coastal waters off Taiwan and southwestern parts of the SCS which included marine waters of Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia). The highest primary production occurred at the upper 60-m well-mixed layer of station 1 in the northwestern most part of the area. Results have shown that some other hydrographic and chemical parameters (viz., temperature, salinity, light and fluorescence) greatly complicate and may not coherent with the analyses of relative distribution and abundance of primary production in the area.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Oceanography ; Phytoplankton ; Primary production ; South China Sea ; Philippines
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 235-250
    Format: 16
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  • 6
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    Species composition, abundance and biomass distribution of zoobenthos in Vietnamese waters (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26379 | 23782 | 2019-04-05 08:42:20 | 26379 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The benthic invertebrate (zoobenthos) fauna in Vietnamese seawaters was surveyed in April - May, 1999. Zoobenthos specimen were sampled by Smith-McIntyre grab on 38 stations and 180 species were recorded and composed of 5 major groups: Polychaeta, Crustacea, Mollusca, Echinodermata and others. The total of density and biomass zoobenthos in Vietnamese seawaters was 156.7 ind/m2 and 5943.0 mg/m2 respectively. Polychaeta and Mollusca were groups with the highest abundance in every cases considered. The remaining groups of zoobenthos such as Crustacea and Echinodermata which were lower in abundance but higher in biomass. There was a remarkable variation of zoobenthos both in species composition and density with the depth, substrate and spatial distribution. Abundance was higher in some subjects considered such as: in depth of 0 - 60m or in types of sandy components or in the Tonkin gulf and the Southeast regions. All diversity indices shown that water quantity in Vietnamese sea offshore in survey time was just satisfactory and good.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Oceanography ; Geographical distribution ; Community composition ; Species diversity ; Abundance ; Check lists ; Zoobenthos ; Viet Nam
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 55-76
    Format: 22
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  • 7
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    Analysis and pre-estimation of nutrients in Vietnamese waters (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26390 | 23782 | 2019-04-08 06:24:56 | 26390 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The distribution of nutrients (Silica, Phosphate, Ammonium, Nitrate, Nitrite and Sulfate) in the Vietnamese waters was studied in the SEAFDEC Interdepartmental Collaborative Research Survey: Area IV. The samples were collected by M.V. SEAFDEC on the 30 April to 29 May 1999 (post monsoon period). Fifty-eight stations (2m from surface and 100 m from surface) were established in this study. The average of Silica at the surface layer is 25.96μM and at the bottom layer is 30.69μM. The average of Phosphate at the surface layer is 0.890 μM and at the bottom layer is 1.353μM. The average of Ammonium at the surface layer is 2.805μM and at the bottom layer is 2.538μM. The average of Nitrate at the surface layer is 5.593μM and at the bottom layer is 6.810μM. The average of Nitrite at the surface layer is 0.169μM and at the bottom layer is 0.197µM. The average of Sulfate at the surface layer is 26.903 μM and at the bottom layer is 27.831μM. The results indicated that the concentrations of Silica, Phosphate, Nitrate, Nitrite and Sulfate in deep water were higher in the surface water, but the Ammonium is inverse.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Research ; Phosphates ; Silica ; Nitrites ; Nitrates ; Marine environment ; Ammonia ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Sulphates ; Viet Nam ; South China Sea
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 310-345
    Format: 36
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  • 8
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    Studies on phytoplankton pigments: chlorophyll, total carotenoids and degradation products in Vietnamese waters (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26386 | 23782 | 2019-04-05 08:35:51 | 26386 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Distribution of phytoplankton pigments was investigated in the relation to Chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and light intensity in Vietnamese waters located at longitude 102E - 112W, latitute 23N - 7N. Over 200 samples collected at 58 stations were analyzed for pigments (Chlorophyll a, b, c and carotenoids) and degradation products (Phaeophytill). Chlorophyll a was measured by fluorescence. Results show that average values in the seawater were 0.18 ± 0.04 mg.m-3 for Chl-a; 0.05 ± 0.01 mg.m-3 for Chl-b; 0.062 mg.m-3 for Phaeophytill. Higher value of Chl-a occurred at the thermocline but maxima were found at 75 or 50m depths. Average value of Carotenoids concentration was very low about 0.052 ± 0.12 mg.m-3. The report used a model for the relationship between Chlorophyll a content and light intensity to estimate the primary production. Average value of primary production was about 9.04 mgC.m3.day-1 at the surface and 2.63 mgC.m3.day-1 at the bottom. The relationship between Chlorophyll and some environmental parameters such as temperature, salinity was examined. The effects of thermocline and halocline to the primary production were analyzed.
    Keywords: Biology ; Oceanography ; Chlorophylls ; Photosynthetic pigments ; Phytoplankton ; Primary production ; Carotenoids ; Vertical profiles ; Viet Nam ; South China Sea
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 233-250
    Format: 18
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  • 9
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    Geotrophic and drift current in the South China Sea, Area IV: Vietnamese waters (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26393 | 23782 | 2019-04-08 06:53:08 | 26393 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The water circulation in area IV was calculated by 2 methods. The circulation for the area where water depth exceeded 600m was calculated by the geostrophic balance method. In shallow water area effect of wind absolutely surpasses geostrophic balance, so wind induced drift current is greater than geostrophic current many times. So, for the whole area (shallow deep) the drift current was calculated by two-dimensional nonlinear shallow water equation based on typical monsoon fields. The results of 2 methods showed common picture of the circulation with divergence and convergence changing by season.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Ocean currents ; Scientific research ; Geostrophic flow ; Geostrophic method ; Water circulation ; Wind-driven currents ; Viet Nam ; South China Sea
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 365-373
    Format: 9
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  • 10
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    Composition, abundance and distribution of zooplankton in the South China Sea, Area IV: Vietnamese waters (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26380 | 23782 | 2019-04-05 08:41:33 | 26380 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The samples of 58 stations in Vietnamese Waters were collected by M.V. SEAFDEC on 21 April - 5 June 1999. Thirty-seven groups of zooplankton were found in this study. Copepoda was the most abundance followed by Chaetognatha and Ostracoda. Biomass varied from 0.21-7.29 ml/m3 (average 1.03±1.22 ml/m3). Station 56 has the highest biomass. Abundance varied from 99-2,365 ind/m3 (average 580±527 ind/m3). Station 58 has the highest abundance due to high number of Chaetognatha, polychaete, Lucifer spp., Thecosomes and Echinodermata larvae. Whereas Station 19 has the lowest abundance. Cephalopod paralarvae were concentrated. They were classsified into 15 genera belonging to 11 families: Sepia sp., Inioteuthis sp, Loligo spp., Enoploteuthis sp., Abralia sp., Watasenia sp., Onychoteuthis sp., Ctenopteryx sicula, Nototodarus sp., Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis, Thysanoteuthis rhombus , Liocranchia sp., Teuthowenia sp., Octopus defilippi, Octopus Type A, Octopus Type B, Octopus Type C and Tremoctopus sp. Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis found to be most abundance followed by Octopus Type B and Enoploteuthis. Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis found mostly in the middle part of Vietnamese waters especially in the oceanic zone.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Oceanography ; Geographical distribution ; Community composition ; Abundance ; Zooplankton ; Check lists ; Copepoda ; Ostracoda ; Chaetognatha ; Viet Nam ; South China Sea
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 77-93
    Format: 17
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