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  • Elsevier  (5,804,788)
  • Institute of Physics  (1,082,725)
  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International  (495,622)
  • PANGAEA  (423,137)
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  • 1
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    Search for anomalies in Stromboli's pre-paroxysm activity through an automatic hybrid method of time series analysis (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: Stromboli (Italy) is an open-vent volcano with persistent explosive activity producing up to five hundred mild explosions per day. Fluctuations in explosion intensity, varying even by orders of magnitude in terms of emitted volume and their subsequent impact on the surrounding regions, sometimes occur abruptly. Consequently, identifying precursors of larger eruptive activities, particularly for more intense (paroxysmal) explosions, is challenging. In order to search for anomalies in the pre-paroxysm activity related to the summer 2019 eruption, we applied a hybrid method to the automatic analysis of geophysical and geochemical time series. This approach is based on the combination of two methods: 1. the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and 2. the Support Vector Regression (SVR). The aggregation of these two methods allowed us to identify anomalies in the patterns of the geophysical and geochemical parameters measured on Stromboli in a ten-month period including the July–August 2019 eruption. The results of this study are encouraging for an improvement of the monitoring systems and for volcano early warning applications.
    Description: This work has been supported by the INGV project Pianeta Dinamico 2023-2025 - ObseRvation, Measurement and modelling of Eruptive processes (ORME), and partially supported by the Progetto Strategico Dipartimentale INGV 2019 “Forecasting eruptive activity at Stromboli volcano: timing, eruptive style, size, intensity and duration” (FIRST, Delibera n. 144/2020; Scientific Responsibility: S.C.). Furthermore, this research has benefited from the support of Convenzione B2 DPC-INGV 2022-2024, Stromboli, Task 1.3 “Development of a unique activity index and estimation of the probability of the transition between ‘ordinary’ and ‘extraordinary’ eruptive activity”, and of the INGV project “Reti Multiparametriche”, Task A2 “Development of methods for the identification of precursors of Stromboli's paroxysms and major explosions based on multiparametric data analysis and study of possible early warning techniques”.
    Description: In press
    Description: 108131
    Description: OSV1: Verso la previsione dei fenomeni vulcanici pericolosi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Stromboli volcano ; Volcanic monitoring ; Data analysis ; Multiparametric geophysics ; Paroxysmal explosions ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Spatial competition in a global disturbance minimum; the seabed under an Antarctic ice shelf (2023)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3The Science of The Total Environment, Elsevier, 903, pp. 166157-166157, ISSN: 0048-9697
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: The marine habitat beneath Antarctica’s ice shelves spans ~1.6 million km2, and life in this vast and extreme environment is among Earth’s least accessible, least disturbed and least known, yet likely to be impacted by climate-forced warming and environmental change. Although competition among biota is a fundamental structuring force of ecological communities, hence ecosystem functions and services, nothing was known of competition for resources under ice shelves, until this study. Boreholes drilled through a ~ 200 m thick ice shelf enabled collections of novel sub-ice-shelf seabed sediment which contained fragments of biogenic substrata rich in encrusting (lithophilic) macrobenthos, principally bryozoans – a globally-ubiquitous phylum sensitive to environmental change. Analysis of sub-glacial biogenic substrata, by stereo microscopy, provided first evidence of spatial contest competition, enabling generation of a new range of competition measures for the sub-ice-shelf benthic space. Measures were compared with those of global open-water datasets traversing polar, temperate and tropical latitudes (and encompassing both hemispheres). Spatial competition in sub-ice-shelf samples was found to be higher in intensity and severity than all other global means. The likelihood of sub-ice-shelf competition being intraspecific was three times lower than for open-sea polar continental shelf areas, and competition complexity, in terms of the number of different types of competitor pairings, was two-fold higher. As posited foran enduring disturbance minimum, a specific bryozoan clade was especially competitively dominant in sub-ice shelf samples compared with both contemporary and fossil assemblage records. Overall, spatial competition under an Antarctic ice shelf, as characterised by bryozoan interactions, was strikingly different from that of open- sea polar continental shelf sites, and more closely resembled tropical and temperate latitudes. This study represents the first analysis of sub-ice-shelf macrobenthic spatial competition and provides a new ecological baseline for exploring, monitoring and comparing ecosystem response to environmental change in a warming world.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Testate amoebae (Protozoa) in lakes of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Biodiversity, community structures, and protozoic biosilicification in relation to environmental properties and climate warming (2024)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3The Science of The Total Environment, Elsevier, 913, pp. 169661-169661, ISSN: 0048-9697
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is characterized by a vast number of frozen and unfrozen freshwater reservoirs, which is why it is also called “the third pole” of the Earth or “Asian Water Tower”. We analyzed testate amoeba (TA) biodiversity and corresponding protozoic biosilicification in lake sediments of the QTP in relation to environmental properties (freshwater conditions, elevation, and climate). As TA are known as excellent bio-indicators, our results allowed us to derive conclusions about the influence of climate warming on TA communities and microbial biogeochemical silicon (Si) cycling. We found a total of 113 TA taxa including some rare and one unknown species in the analyzed lake sediments of the QTP highlighting the potential of this remote region for TA biodiversity. 〉1/3 of the identified TA taxa were relatively small (〈30 μm) reflecting the relatively harsh environmental conditions in the examined lakes. TA communities were strongly affected by physico-chemical properties of the lakes, especially water temperature and pH, but also elevation and climate conditions (temperature, precipitation). Our study reveals climate-related changes in TA biodiversity with consequences for protozoic biosilicification. As the warming trend in the QTP is two to three times faster compared to the global average, our results provide not only deeper insights into the relations between TA biodiversity and environmental properties, but also predictions of future developments in other regions of the world. Moreover, our results provide fundamental data for paleolimnological reconstructions. Thus, examining the QTP is helpful to understand microbial biogeochemical Si cycling in the past, present, and future.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    Evolutionary adaptation of trees and modelled future larch forest extent in Siberia (2023)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, 478, pp. 110278-110278, ISSN: 0304-3800
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: With changing climate, the boreal forest could potentially migrate north and become threatened by droughts in the south. However, whether larches, the dominant tree species in eastern Siberia, can adapt to novel situations is largely unknown but is crucial for predicting future population dynamics. Exploring variable traits and trait adaptation through inheritance in an individual-based model can improve our understanding and help future projections. We updated the individual-based spatially explicit vegetation model LAVESI (Larix Vegetation Simulator), used for forest predictions in Eastern Siberia, with trait value variation and incorporated inheritance of parental values to their offspring. Forcing the model with both past and future climate projections, we simulated two areas – the expanding northern treeline and a southerly area experiencing drought. While the specific trait of ‘seed weight’ regulates migration, the abstract ‘drought resistance’ protects stands. We show that trait variation with inheritance leads to an increase in migration rate (∼ 3% area increase until 2100). The drought resistance simulations show that, under increasing stress, including adaptive traits leads to larger surviving populations (17% of threatened under RCP 4.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway)). We show that with the increase expected under the RCP 8.5 scenario vast areas (80% of the extrapolated area) of larch forest are threatened and could disappear due to drought as adaptation plays only a minor role under strong warming. We conclude that variable traits facilitate the availability of variants under environmental changes. Inheritance allows populations to adapt to environments and promote successful traits, which leads to populations that can spread faster and be more resilient, provided the changes are not too drastic in both time and magnitude. We show that trait variation and inheritance contribute to more accurate models that can improve our understanding of responses of boreal forests to global change.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 5
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    Precession and obliquity forcing of the South African monsoon revealed by sub-tropical fires (2023)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary Science Reviews, Elsevier, 310, pp. 108128-108128, ISSN: 0277-3791
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: While the influence of precession on monsoon at low latitudes through insolation forcing is well-known, the role of obliquity is still debated since its influence on the distribution of incoming solar radiation is small in these regions. In southern Africa, long marine and terrestrial sedimentary records attest of a precessional influence on the South African monsoon at orbital time scale. The obliquity signal is occasionally observed in the geological records although modeling results suggest an influence of precession and obliquity on summer monsoon. Here, we present a record of microscopic charcoal from core MD96-2098 located off Namibia covering the past 184,000 years. Our record of fire activity reveals cyclic changes at frequencies of 23, 58 and 12 kyr−1 and lacks the obliquity signal at 41 kyr−1. Changes in fire over southern Africa are interpreted as shifts in large and intense fires spreading in open-grassland savanna as a result of orbitally-driven changes in rainfall intensity associated with the South African monsoon. We show that, despite the absence of a 41 kyr obliquity imprint, the presence of 23, 58 and 12 kyr−1 frequencies likely stems from a nonlinear response of fire to precipitation controlled by a combination of precession and obliquity frequencies, supporting the influence of obliquity on the South African monsoon.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
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    Mass balance of Freya Glacier, Greenland since 2007/2008 (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Wien
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: Mass balance measurements on Freya Glacier are caried out since 2007 by the direct glaciological method. Annual balance is measured every August by a network of ablation stakes (~10-15), snow pits and snow probing. Winter balance was measured only in 2008, 2012, 2013, and 2014 by a network of snow probings, GPR and snow pits. Mass balance point measurements are aggregated to a regular raster and evaluated on the glacier area 2013 and the surface DEM of 2013. New data will be added every year. Last update: 2018-03-01
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 33 datasets
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  • 7
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Budapest (2019-06 et seq) (2022)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Hungarian Meteorological Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: This is a compilation of all short-wave and long-wave radiation datasets from Budapest that were and are published in the frame of BSRN. New data will be added regularly. The data are subject to the data release guidelines of BSRN (https://bsrn.awi.de/data/conditions-of-data-release/).
    Keywords: Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; BUD; Budapest-Lorinc; Hungary, Budapest; Monitoring station; MONS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 55 datasets
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  • 8
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    Mid-Pliocene shorelines of the US Atlantic Coastal Plain (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rovere, Alessio; Hearty, Paul J; Austermann, J; Mitrovica, Jerry X; Gale, J; Moucha, R; Forte, Alessandro M; Raymo, Maureen E (2015): Mid-Pliocene shorelines of the US Atlantic Coastal Plain — An improved elevation database with comparison to Earth model predictions. Earth-Science Reviews, 145, 117-131, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.02.007
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: For nearly a century, the Atlantic Coastal Plain (ACP) of the United States has been the focus of studies investigating Pliocene and Pleistocene shorelines, however, the mapping of paleoshorelines was primarily done by using elevation contours on topographic maps. Here we review published geologic maps and compare them to paleoshoreline locations obtained through geomorphometric classification and satellite data. We furthermore present the results of an extensive field campaign that measured the mid-Pliocene (~ 3.3-2.9 Ma) shorelines of the Atlantic Coastal Plain using high-accuracy GPS and digital elevation models. We compare our new dataset to positions and elevations extracted from published maps and find that the extracted site information from earlier studies is prone to significant error, both in the location and, more severely, in the elevation of the paleoshoreline. We also investigate, using geophysical modeling, the origin of post-depositional displacement of the shoreline from Georgia to Virginia. In particular, we correct the elevation of our shoreline for glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) and then compare the corrected elevation to predictions of mantle flow-induced dynamic topography (DT). While a subset of these models does reconcile the general trends in the observed elevation of the mid-Pliocene shoreline, local discrepancies persist. These discrepancies suggests that either (i) the DT and GIA models presented here do not capture the full range of uncertainty in the input parameters; and/or (ii) other influences, such as sediment loading and unloading or local fault-driven tectonics, may have contributed to post-depositional deformation of the mid-Pliocene shoreline that are not captured in the above models. In this context, our field measurements represent an important observational dataset with which to compare future generations of geodynamic models. Improvements in models for DT, GIA and other relevant processes, together with an expanded, geographically distributed set of shoreline records, will ultimately be the key to obtaining more accurate estimates of eustatic sea level not only in the mid-Pliocene but also earlier in the Cenozoic.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 9
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    Plant DNA analyses, nature and intensity of human activities, and erosion intensities in the North-western Alps over the last 4000-6000 years inferred from lake sediments (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: We investigated the spatio-temporal trajectories of mountain agro-ecosystems by studying five lakes located between 880 and 2440 m a.s.l. in the north-western Alps. More specifically, we were interested in past interactions between agropastoral activities, plant community composition and erosion dynamics. To investigate this question, we relied on a multi-proxy dataset of lake sediment analyses. The selected proxies come mainly from plant and mammal sedimentary DNA analyses, but also from pollen and spore analyses of coprophilous fungi (Sporormiella sp.). The originality of this dataset is the creation of an index of (agro-)pastoral activity intensity valid for each lake catchment. This index showed a pattern of development of (agro-)pastoral activities according to altitude in this Alpine region. This index was then used to analyse the impact of (agro)pastoral activities on erosion dynamics and plant cover.
    Keywords: Alpes; Lake sediment core; Landscape; plant taxa; Sedimentary DNA
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 22 datasets
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  • 10
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    Master tracks in different resolutions during POLAR 6 campaign P6_231_HALO_2022 (2022)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: Raw data acquired by GPS1 position sensors on board research aircraft Polar 5 during the campaign P6_231_HALO_P6_2022 were processed to receive a validated master track which can be used as reference of further expedition data. Novatel FlexPak6 GPS receiver was used as navigation sensors during the campaign. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.awi.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. Processed data are provided as a master track with 1 sec resolution and a generalized track with a reduced set of the most significant positions of the master track. A detailed report on processing is also available for each flight.
    Keywords: AC3; Arctic Amplification
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 18 datasets
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