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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics  (4)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring  (4)
  • Blackwell  (6)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1
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    Time-resolved seismic tomography detects magma intrusions at Mt. Etna (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The continuous volcanic and seismic activity at Mount Etna makes this volcano an important laboratory for seismological and geophysical studies. We used repeated three-dimensional tomography to detect variations in elastic parameters during different volcanic cycles, before and during the October 2002–January 2003 flank eruption. Well-defined anomalous low P- to S-wave velocity ratio volumes were revealed. Absent during the pre-eruptive period, the anomalies trace the intrusion of volatile-rich (Q4 weight percent) basaltic magma, most of which rose up only a few months before the onset of eruption. The observed time changes of velocity anomalies suggest that four-dimensional tomography provides a basis for more efficient volcano monitoring and shortand midterm eruption forecasting of explosive activity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 821-823
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: NONE ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 727523 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Compression along the northern Apenninines? Evidence from the Mw 5.3 Monghidoro earthquake (2007)
    Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper, we present the seismological data recorded during the deployment of a dense three-component seismic network installed a few hours after the 2003 Mw 5.3 Monghidoro earthquake, in northern Apennines. The main shock focal solutions derived from polarities distribution and body wave modelling of regional broadband data show a NE–SW striking reverse mechanism. Accurate relative locations of aftershocks and the inversion of focal mechanisms show that earthquakes occurred on a NW-dipping backthrust within the Adria lithosphere under a NW-trending horizontal compression. The observed compression is a secondary process possibly explained by differential motion within the Adriatic lithosphere. Fault geometry and kinematics is controlled by pre-existing structures.
    Description: Published
    Description: 89-94
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: seismological data ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Independent component analysis as a tool for ground deformation analysis (2007)
    Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Independent component analysis (ICA) is a recent and well-known technique used to separate mixtures of signals. This technique has been applied to the ground deformation time-series recorded at the permanent GPS network of the Osservatorio Vesuviano—INGV in order to characterize the deformation background level in the Neapolitan volcanic area. The analysis revealed the presence of five independent periodic signals common at all the GPS stations; some of them are interpreted as effects of earth tides. The residual signal at each station represent the local ground deformation. Unfortunately the ICA cannot provide the absolute amplitude of the components, indeed we are not able to obtain a residual amplitude at each station. Then we used a stationarity analysis in order to investigate the eventual presence of local transient deformations. The ICA technique combined with the stationarity analysis has shown to be a very interesting tool for individuating ground deformation trends and could be very useful in volcanic areas monitoring.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1305–1310
    Description: 1.3. TTC - Sorveglianza geodetica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: independent component analysis ; ground deformationin ; signal processing ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.04. Statistical analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Tidal Modulation of Nonvolcanic Tremor (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Episodes of nonvolcanic tremor and accompanying slow slip recently have been observed in the subduction zones of Japan and Cascadia. In Cascadia, such episodes typically last a few weeks, and differ from “normal” earthquakes in their source location and momentduration scaling. The three most recent episodes in the Puget Sound/Southern Vancouver Island portion of the Cascadia subduction zone have been exceptionally well recorded. In each episode, we see clear pulsing of tremor activity with periods of 12.4 and 24-25 hours, the same as the principal lunar and lunisolar tides. This indicates that the small stresses associated with the solid-earth and ocean tides influence the genesis of tremor much more effectively than they do “normal” earthquakes. Because the lithostatic stresses are 105 times larger than those associated with the tides, we argue that tremor occurs on very weak faults.
    Description: Published
    Description: 186 -189
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Nonvolcanic ; tremor ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Bayesian source inference of the 1993–1997 deformation atMount Etna (Italy) by numerical solutions (2009)
    Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Deformation data collected at Mount Etna from 1993 to 1997 show that the inflation of the volcano edifice is accompanied by instability of the eastern flank. We propose a 3-D finite element model including topography and lateral variations of elastic constants. Source parameters of the inflating source are constrained by a direct search followed by an appraisal stage of the sampled solutions. The instability of the eastern flank is addressed using a kinematic approach, consisting of a rigid-body translation over a prescribed area. The aim is to evaluate how source parameters are affected by sliding of the eastern flank. When sliding is accounted for, the inferred source location shifts ∼1 km SE and its strength decreases by ∼20 per cent.
    Description: Published
    Description: 806-814
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Numerical solutions ; Inverse theory ; Radar interferometry ; Crustal structure ; Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Dependence of slip weakening distance (Dc) on final slip during dynamic rupture of earthquakes (2010)
    Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this study we aim to understand the dependence of the critical slip weakening distance (Dc) on the final slip (Dtot) during the propagation of a dynamic rupture and the consistency of their inferred correlation. To achieve this goal we have performed a series of numerical tests suitably designed to validate the adopted numerical procedure and to verify the actual capability in measuring Dc. We have retrieved two kinematic rupture histories from spontaneous dynamic rupture models governed by a slip weakening law in which a constant Dc distribution on the fault plane as well as a constant Dc / Dtot ratio are assumed, respectively. The slip velocity and the shear traction time histories represent the synthetic “real” target data which we aim to reproduce. We use a 3-D traction-at-split nodes numerical procedure to image the dynamic traction evolution by assuming our modeled slip velocity as a boundary condition on the fault plane. We assume a regularized Yoffe function as source time function in our modeling attempts and we measure the critical slip weakening distance from the inferred traction versus slip curves at each point on the fault. We compare the inferred values with those of the target dynamic models. Our numerical tests show that fitting the slip velocity functions of the target models at each point on the fault plane is not enough to retrieve good traction evolution curves and to obtain reliable measures of Dc. We find that the estimation of Dc is very sensitive to any small variation of the slip velocity function. An artificial correlation between Dc/Dtot is obtained when a fixed shape of slip velocity is assumed on the fault (i.e., constant rise time and constant time for positive acceleration) which differs from that of the target model. We point out that the estimation of fracture energy (breakdown work) on the fault is not affected by biases in measuring Dc.
    Description: FIRB-MIUR project Airplane (RBPR05B2ZJ 006)
    Description: Published
    Description: 1205-1220
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Earthquake dynamics ; Earthquake ground motions ; Computational seismology ; Theoretical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    An energy-duration procedure for rapid determination of earthquake magnitude and tsunamigenic potential (2007)
    Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We introduce a rapid and robust, energy-duration procedure, based on the Haskell, extendedsource model, to obtain an earthquake moment and a moment magnitude, MED. Using seismograms at teleseismic distances (30!–90!), this procedure combines radiated seismic energy measures on the P to S interval of broadband signals and source duration measures on highfrequency, P-wave signals. The MED energy-duration magnitude is scaled to correspond to the Global Centroid-Moment Tensor (CMT) moment-magnitude, MCMT w , and can be calculated within about 20 min or less after origin time (OT). The measured energy and duration values also provide the energy-to-moment ratio, !, used for identification of tsunami earthquakes. The MED magnitudes for a set of recent, large earthquakes match closely MCMT w , even for the largest, great earthquakes; these results imply that the MED measure is accurate and does not saturate. After the 2004 December 26 Sumatra-Andaman mega-thrust earthquake, magnitude estimates available within 1 hr of OT ranged from M = 8.0 to 8.5, the CMT magnitude, available about 3 hr after OT, was MCMT w = 9.0, and, several months after the event, Mw = 9.1–9.3 was obtained from analysis of the earth normal modes. The energy-duration magnitude for this event is MED = 9.2, a measure that is potentially available within 20 min after OT. After the 2006 July 17, Java earthquake, the magnitude was evaluated at M = 7.2 at 17 min after OT, the CMT magnitude, available about 1 hr after OT, was MCMT w = 7.7; the energy-duration results for this event give MED = 7.8, with a very long source duration of about 160 s, and a very low ! value, indicating a possible tsunami earthquake.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1195-1209
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: earthquake ; magnitude ; seismic moment ; seismograms ; tsunami ; waveform analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    Subsidence due to crack closure and depressurization of hydrothermal systems: a case study from Mt. Epomeo (Ischia Island, Italy) (2007)
    Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: Levelling surveys carried out between 1990 and 2003 on the Mt Epomeo resurgent block (Ischia Island) record negative dislocations on its northern and southern flanks with a maximum subsidence rate of 1.27 cm yr)1. This deformation is not associated with the cooling, crystallization or lateral drainage of magma and cannot be explained by a pressure point or prolate ellipsoid source. Results from dislocation models and the available structural and geochemical information indicate that the subsidence is due to crack closure processes along two main ENE–WSW and E–W preexisting faults, which represent the preferred pathway of CO2 degassing from the hydrothermal system located beneath Mt Epomeo. The monitoring of the dislocations and CO2 flux along these faults could give useful information on the dynamics of the hydrothermal system.
    Description: Published
    Description: 127-132
    Description: 1.3. TTC - Sorveglianza geodetica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: fluid flow ; fracture ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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