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  • 1
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    Ecological impact of Mahshahr petrochemical activities on abundance and diversity of macrobenthic fauna in Zangi Creek (Persian Gulf) (2021)
    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19303 | 17408 | 2016-02-08 10:29:48 | 19303 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: The Moosa Creek extends from its opening into the Persian Gulf, with some sub narrow creeksleading to it. Zangi creek is one of the main branches of Moosa creek. The creek containsnumerous sources of organic pollution, including sewage outlet flows and boat waste. Afterestablishing the Petrochemical special Economic Zone (PETZONE) in 1997 near to the ZangiCreek, the pipelines, streets and railway made it distinct from eastern and western parts of thiscreek. Industrial activities have released sludge and effluents in this creek along these years. Asurvey of the Zangi creek was performed, assessing water properties, organic pollution, and thepopulation density, distribution and diversity of macrobenthic fauna through bi-monthlysampling from July 2006 to September 2007.Samples were collected from water near the bottom and sediment at 7 stations include 2 stationsinside the distinct Zangi creek and 4 stations along a transect with 1 km distances between themin eastern free part and one reference station located at the Persian Gulf entrance to the Moosacreek. The environmental parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, COD,turbidity, EC and heavy metals include Hg, Cd, Pb, Ni as well as percentage silt-clay and totalorganic matter of the sediment were measured. The faunal population density and theirdistribution are discussed in relation to the environmental changes.Results showed spatial heterogeneity in faunal distribution of the Zangi creek. Nine groups ofmacrofauna were identified out of distinct zangi creek. Polychaets formed the dominant group(48%) followed by bivalves (13%), gastropods (10%), Decapods (2%), Tanaids (5%), and allother groups (22%). The distinct creek was heavily polluted without any macrofaunacommunities probably as a consequence of the high pH, COD, low salinity and heavy metalscontamination specially Cd and Pb. The other stations near to the disposal site were found withmacrofauna communities commonly tolerant to organic pollution, At 3 km east of the disposalsite, macrofauna is comparable to the surrounded creek, whereas macrofauna still indicateenvironmental degradation. Farther a way, faunal density decreases and equilibrium taxagradually replace opportunistic species, while the other stations were far from polluted areacontained lower pollution and relatively healthy macrofauna.The mean biomass of macrobenthic fauna were estimated for the whole studied area. The resultsare considered in Minimum density and biomass in surrounded creek and maximum density andbiomass in 3 km of surrounded area. Biodiversity Indices were low in surrounded creek. TheShanon-weaver information index was used to describe the spatially variations in diversity.Macrofauna density, shanon and simpson index were significantly variable between surroundedand free parts of Zangi creek (p〈0.05). The numerical abundance of macrobenthose varied from221. m-2 in polluted area to 4346 m-2 in free part of Zangi creek. The Shanon-weaver informationindex varied from 0.4 in distinct area to 2.9 in reference station.The physico- chemical changes between distinct and free creeks showed significant variationssuch as pH, salinity and EC. Salinity and EC were significantly positive correlate to macrofaunadensity, whereas pH and TOM percentage indicated significantly negative correlation to density.Heavy metals concentrations in sediments were higher than water samples. Concentration patternof heavy metals in sediments and water samples were Ni〉Pb〉Cd〉Hg. Salinity and pHwere significantly correlated to metals in sediments (p〈0.01).No significant correlation were found between Macrofauna density and heavy metals (p〈0.05).
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Alireza Nikoyan Counsellors: A. Keyvan, T. Valinasab
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
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    Format: 218
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  • 2
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    Study on the sustainability of FPC produced from Kilka (Clupeonella engrauliformis, C. grimmi and C. cultriventris) in two vacuum packaging and modified atmosphere packaging at different environmental factors (2021)
    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19301 | 17408 | 2016-02-01 21:14:27 | 19301 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: Fish protein concentrate (FPC) is a healthy, sustainable and high nutritiveproduct which sanitized produced from fishes in which, protein and othernutrients are more concentrated than in fresh fishes.The aim of this research is to study on the sustainability of FPC producedfrom Kilka (Clupeonella engrauliformis , C. grimmi and C. cultriventris)in two Vaccum Packaging and Modified Atmosphere Packaging atdifferent environmental factors during six months.In our study the analysis of FPC protein showed 91.2%, lipid: 0.5%, ash:3.6%, moisture: 2.3%, Total Volatile Nitrogen: 10 ml/100gr andperoxide: 5meq/kg. Amino acids and fatty acids were also determined.Bacteria and Fungi were lower than 1000 colony. Samples are kept indifferent condition of temperature (5, 20 and 35 degree centigrade),humidity (25, 40 and 90 percent) and light and dark environment in sixmonth.Lipid rate in FPC after 6 months in VP and MAP (60% C02, 30 % N2 and10% O2), packages was decreased but was not significant (P〉0.05). It wasalso detected that increase temperature lead to more decrease in lipidcontent. Protein rate of FPC was decreased from 91.2% to 73.6% duringsix months at 35°C in VP Package and from 91.2% to 69.4% in MAPpackage. These changes were significant (P〈0.05). TVN and PV rate inFPC after 6 months in VP and MAP packages was increased but wassignificant (P〈0.05). Amino acids and fatty acids were also determined.But more changes in MAP packages was detected.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Abbas Ali Motalebi Counsellors: Wadud Rzvylar, Aliasghar Khanipoor. The full text document is in Farsi only so it has not been possible for AC Editors to check the metadata input.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
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    Format: 193
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  • 3
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    Investigation on the ecological impact of constructing and activities of petrochemical industries of petrochemical special economic zone of Mahshahr on the abundance and diversity of macrobenthic fauna in Jafari Creek, north-west of the Persian Gulf (2021)
    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19297 | 17408 | 2016-02-08 10:27:15 | 19297 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: The impact of Petrochemical Special Economic Zone (PETZONE) activities on the health status of Jafari Creek was studied by assessing the changes in macroinvertebrate assemblages in nine sites during September 2006- January 2008. Furthermore to evaluate the ecological status of the Jafari Creek the WFD indices (i.e. AMBI, M-AMBI) were used. The relationship between spatial pattern of macro invertebrate assemblages and ambient factors (i.e. water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, total hardness, total nitrogen, ammonia, total phosphorous, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, sediment grain size distribution, sediment organic content, heavy metals contents) was measured. Background Enrichment indices, Contamination factor and Contamination degree, were used to assess the health status in the study area based on Nickel, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury contents of the sediments. The macrobenthic communities had a low diversity and were dominated by opportunistic taxa, and the AMBI and M-AMBI indices need to be calibrated before using in Persian Gulf and its coastal waters. The BIO-ENV analysis identified pH, dissolved oxygen, TDS, and the total organic content of sediments as the major environmental variables influencing the infaunal pattern. This suggests that management should attempt to ensure minimal disturbance to environmental variables underlying the spatial variation in macroinvertebrate assemblages. Background Enrichment indices showed that the health of Jafari Creek has declined over time due to the constant discharge of heavy metals to the Creek system. Furthermore WQS index shows that the quality condition of the water column in Jafari Creek, regard to the calculated number (3) is week. These indices also identified a significant degree of pollution in the study area. The decrease in the ecological potential of Jafari Creek was best highlighted by the alteration in macrobenthic assemblages.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Abbas Esmaeli Sarry Counsellors: Mehdi Soltani, Toraj Valinasab
    Keywords: Ecology ; Environment ; Pollution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
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    Format: 145
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  • 4
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    Influence of cold storage time on the protein changes and fatty acids deterioration of (Rutilus frisi kutum) during frozen storage (2021)
    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19304 | 17408 | 2016-02-08 10:30:38 | 19304 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: The main aim of this research was to identify fatty acids composition of Caspian sea of White fish Rutilus frisi kutum tissue and their changes during one year cold storage (-18Ċ).The secondary aim was to determine the changes of moisture, ash, protein, fat, and to investigate the effects of storage time on peroxide, TBAi, FFA, and extractability of myofibrillar proteins of the fish tissue during one year cold storage (-18 Ċ). 10 samples of (Rutilus frisi kutum) were randomly collected from Anzali landings. The samples were frozen at -30 Ċ and kept in cold storage at -18Ċ for one year. According to time table, the samples were examined. The results showed that 27 fatty acids were identified. The unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were 74/09 and 21/63 %, respectively, in fresh tissue. So that DHA (C22:6) oleic acid (C18:1c) had high amounts (15/07 ,20/57 ) among the UFA and palmitic acid (C16:0) was the most (13/09 %) among the SFA. The effects of freezing and cold storage on fish tissue showed that UFA and SFA contents have reached to 58/79 and 22/17 %, respectively, at the end of cold storage. It indicated that these compound change to each other during frozen storage. Also ω-3 and ω-6 series of fatty acids was 24/22 and 15/56% in fresh tissue, but their contents decreased to 8/68 and 5/11% at the end of period. Among the fatty acids C22:6, C18:1c and C16:0 had the most changes. The changes of fatty acids were significantly at 95% level expected for C18:0. Results showed that moisture, ash, protein, and fat contents were 75/9±0/03, 1/28±0/012, 21/8±0/2, and 4/1±0/01 % respectively, in fresh tissue. The moisture, ash, protein, and fat contents were 72/3±0/04, 1/83±0/05, 1/91±0/01 and 19/9±0/01 % respectively, at the end of storage period. Lipid damage was measured on the basis of free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), and Thiobarbituric acid index (TBA-i). PV, TBARS and FFA concentration of frozen Caspian Sea white fish stored at -18 Ċ the temporal variation of these three variables were statistically significant (p〈0.001). Results of White fish myofibrillar proteins showed aggregation of bound reduced for stored at 12 months. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that, the intensity of the myosin heavy chain and actin bound was reduced with increasing storage time. SDS-PAGE patterns showed that myosin heavy chain was much more susceptible to hydrolysis than actin.Key words: Rutilus frisi kutum, frozen storage, ω-3, ω-6, protein myofibrillar
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Sohrab Moeini, Nasser Ghaemi Counsellors: A.K. Haghdost
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 160
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  • 5
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    Study of seasonal plankton communities changes in the Karoun dam reservoir and their relationship with water quality parameters (2021)
    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19128 | 17408 | 2016-02-08 10:47:57 | 19128 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: This study was under taken at Karoun Lake Dam No.4. (Southwest of Iran). Water samples were collected from March 2012 to February 2013 in three selected silts. Environmental parameters and chlorophyll a concentration were measured, as well as identification and abundance of Phytoplankton communities were studied. According to this study, 30 species of Phytoplankton were identified at four seasons. Most abundance was related to the phyla Bcillariphyta (17 species), Chlorophyta (6 species), Crysophyra (4 species), Dinophyta (2 species) and Cyanophyta (1 species) respectively. The results showed, the maximum rate of chlorophyll a concentration was measured in the warm with minimum level measured in the cold months. The rate of chlorophyll a concentration showed an oligotrophic condition in the lake of karoon 4 dam. positive significant correlation were seen between the parameters of COD,NO3,temperature, pH, turbidity, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton abundance (P〈0.01). The chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton community had a significant negative correlation with transparency (-P 〈 0.01). According to this research, 4 phyla of zooplankton was identified, include Rotifera, Protozoa, Cladocera and Copepoda. Overal 43 species were identified at four seasons. Most abundance was related to the phyla Rotifera (27 species), Copepoda (7 species), Cladocera (5 species) and Protozoa (4 species) respectively. The chlorophyll a concentration, amount of phosphate and zooplankton indicator spesies, showed an oligotrophic condition in the lake of karoon 4 dam. A positive significant correlation was seen between all groups of zooplanktons abundance and temperature, as well as chlorophyll a concentration. (P〈0.01) , whereas, there was negative correlation whith no significant between DO and zooplankton communities (P〉0.05).
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: A. Kamali, M. Soltani Counsellors: M. Shamsaei
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
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    Format: 94
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  • 6
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    Survey of food network in Ovan Lake (2021)
    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20914 | 17408 | 2016-07-15 09:22:58 | 20914 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Lake Ovan with about 9 hectares is regarded a semi-shallow lake with an average depth 5.2 meter. It is situated in Ghazvin Province, with a 1910 m high in mountainous regime. A monthly sampling was done at 3 stations studying the physicochemical and biological parameters in water and sediment at the Lake for a year. The temperature annual was measured 12.3°C and other parameters are pH as 8.8, oxygen 10, with total mean phosphate and nitrate as 0.14 & 0.8 mg/lit respectively. The chl.a mean was also measured 1.94 mg/lit. The ratio of N to P was calculated as 1:59, indicating a limiting factor for growth. Considering the trophic statues of the lake taking into account as above parameters, it is a mesotrophic lake with medium trophy. Altogether, 53 phytoplankton species were identified mostly diatoms, green algae and cyanobacteria. Although, 14 zooplankton species were identified with daphnia dominating the group. Macrobenthoses were also surveyed and 11 families were identified comprising mainly by Annelids, Gastropod, Bivalves and Insect Larvae. Other organisms were 2 dominate water plant including Phragmites australis covering at the edge of the lake and potamogeton sp in the inner parts, and also 2 fish species, common carp and Pike Perch. The diversity Shannon—Wiener index was calculated for main taxa groups with all figures lower than 3. Regarding the fish potential production of the lake based on Bramic & Lemke and morphoedophic index, it was calculated to be 20.4 kg/ha fish and a total of about 150 kg for the entire lake.
    Description: Masters
    Description: Advisors: Rezvan, Mosavi Nadoshan; Counsellors: Gholamhosein, Vosughi
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Environment
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
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    Format: 103
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  • 7
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    Benthic habitat mapping in the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary: Classification of side scan sonar data from survey HMPR-108-2002-01: Version I (2021)
    NOAA/National Ocean Service/Office of National Marine Sanctuaries | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2322 | 403 | 2011-09-29 19:15:23 | 2322 | United States National Ocean Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: In September 2002, side scan sonar was used to image a portion of the sea floor in the northern OCNMS and was mosaiced at 1-meter pixel resolution using 100 kHz datacollected at 300-meter range scale. Video from a remotely-operated vehicle (ROV), bathymetry data, sedimentary samples, and sonar mapping have been integrated todescribe geological and biological aspects of habitat and polygon features have been created and attributed with a hierarchical deep-water marine benthic classificationscheme (Greene et al. 1999). The data can be used with geographic information system (GIS) software for display, query, and analysis. Textural analysis of the sonar imagesprovided a relatively automated method for delineating substrate into three broad classes representing soft, mixed sediment, and hard bottom. Microhabitat and presence ofcertain biologic attributes were also populated into the polygon features, but strictly limited to areas where video groundtruthing occurred. Further groundtruthing work inspecific areas would improve confidence in the classified habitat map. (PDF contains 22 pages.)
    Keywords: Ecology ; Management ; Environment ; Benthic ; Habitat mapping ; Sediment classification ; Side scan sonar ; Textural analysis ; Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary ; Essential fish habitat ; Groundtruthing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 8
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    Movement of yellowtail snapper (Ocyurus chrysurus Block 1790) and black grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci Poey 1860) in the northern Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary as determined by acoustic telemetry (2021)
    NOAA/National Ocean Service/ Marine Sanctuaries Division | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2324 | 403 | 2011-09-29 19:15:42 | 2324 | United States National Ocean Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: We tagged a total of 14 yellowtail snapper (Ocyurus chrysurus Bloch 1790) and black grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci Poey 1860) inside the Conch Reef Research Only Area (a no-take marine reserve) in the northern Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary in November 2001. Both species are heavily exploited in the region. Our objective was to characterize site fidelity and movement behavior along the reef tract to the north and south of the release point. Fishes were collected by baited hook and line from the surface, surgically-tagged with coded-acoustic transmitters, and returned to the reef by snorkelers. Tracking of fish movement behavior was conducted by five acoustic receivers deployed on the seafloor from Davis Reef in the south to Pickles Reef in the north. Fishes were tracked for up to eight months. Results indicated that themajority of signal detections for individual fish from both species were recorded at the two Conch Reef receivers. Limited movement from Conch Reef to Davis Reef was recorded, but no signal detections were recorded at the two sites to the north of Conch Reef. These results suggestthat both species show site fidelity to Conch Reef. Future studies will seek to characterize this site fidelity with increased temporal and spatial resolution at Conch Reef. (PDF contains 25 pages.)
    Keywords: Ecology ; Management ; Fisheries ; Yellowtail snapper ; Ocyurus chrysurus ; Black grouper ; Mycteroperca bonaci ; Acoustic telemetry ; Marine reserves ; Site fidelity ; Movement patterns ; Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 9
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    A review of the ecological effectiveness of subtidal marine reserves in Central California, Part II: Summary of existing marine reserves in Central California and their potential benefits (2021)
    NOAA/National Ocean Service/Marine Sanctuaries Division | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2349 | 403 | 2011-09-29 19:11:21 | 2349 | United States National Ocean Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: In Central California, and elsewhere around the world, a great deal of discussion is occurring about the use of marine protected areas (MPAs) as a tool to help manage marine resources. This discussion is taking place because there is growing evidence that humans have depleted marine resources in many parts of the world, often despite strong regulatory efforts. Moreover, there is also mounting evidence that the degradation of marine resources began longago, and we do not fully realize how much humans have altered “natural” environments. This uncertainty has led people to discuss the use of MPAs as a precautionary tool to prevent depletion or extinction of marine resources, and as a means of redressing past damages.The discussion about the use of marine reserves is increasing in intensity in California because several resource management agencies are considering reserves as they create or revise management plans. Often, the discussions surrounding this important public policy debate lead to questions about the biological or ecological value of existing marine protected areas. More than 100 MPAs exist along the coast of California. Many of these were established arbitrarily and lack specific purposes. Some California marine protected areas also have co-occurring oroverlapping boundaries, have conflicting designations for use, and have conflicting rules and regulations. Because few of the existing marine protected areas have clearly articulated goals or objectives, however, it is difficult or impossible to evaluate their ecological effectiveness. (PDF contains 18 pages.)
    Keywords: Ecology ; Conservation ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 10
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    Survey report of NOAA Ship McArthur II cruises AR-04-04, AR-05-05 and AR-06-03: Habitat classification of side scan sonar imagery in support of deep-sea coral/sponge explorations at the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary (2021)
    NOAA/National Ocean Service/National Marine Sanctuary Program | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2281 | 403 | 2011-09-29 19:19:45 | 2281 | United States National Ocean Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Habitat mapping and characterization has been defined as a high-priority management issue for the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary (OCNMS), especially for poorlyknown deep-sea habitats that may be sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance. As a result, a team of scientists from OCNMS, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), and other partnering institutions initiated a series of surveys to assess the distribution of deep-sea coral/sponge assemblages within the sanctuary and to look for evidence of potential anthropogenic impacts in these critical habitats. Initial results indicated that remotely delineating areas of hard bottom substrate through acoustic sensing could be a useful tool to increase the efficiency and success of subsequent ROV-based surveys of the associated deep-sea fauna. Accordingly, side scan sonar surveys were conducted in May 2004, June 2005, and April 2006 aboard the NOAA Ship McArthur II to: (1) obtain additional imagery of the seafloor for broader habitat-mapping coverage of sanctuary waters, and (2) help delineate suitable deep-sea coral/sponge habitat, in areas of both high and low commercial-fishing activities, to serve as sites for surveying-in more detail using an ROV on subsequent cruises. Several regions of the sea floor throughout the OCNMS were surveyed and mosaicked at 1-meter pixel resolution. Imagery from the side scan sonar mapping efforts was integrated with other complementary data from a towed camera sled, ROVs, sedimentary samples, andbathymetry records to describe geological and biological (where possible) aspects of habitat. Using a hierarchical deep-water marine benthic classification scheme (Greene etal. 1999), we created a preliminary map of various habitat polygon features for use in a geographical information system (GIS). This report provides a description of themapping and groundtruthing efforts as well as results of the image classification procedure for each of the areas surveyed. (PDF contains 60 pages.)
    Keywords: Ecology ; Management ; Environment ; Benthic ; Habitat mapping ; Sediment classification ; Side scan sonar ; Textural analysis ; Deep-sea coral ; Essential fish habitat ; Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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