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  • 04.06. Seismology  (31)
  • JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
  • Volcano seismology
  • SSA  (14)
  • Frontiers Media S.A.  (11)
  • Wiley  (8)
  • Egu-Copernicus  (4)
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  • 1
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    The micro‐seismicity of Co. Donegal (Ireland): Defining baseline seismicity in a region of slow lithospheric deformation (2024)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-07
    Beschreibung: A catalogue of precisely located micro-seismicity is fundamental for investigating seismicity and rock physical properties in active tectonic and volcanic regions and for the definition of a ‘baseline’ seismicity, required for a safe future exploitation of georesource areas. In this study, we produce the first manually revised catalogue of micro-seismicity for Co. Donegal region (Ireland), an area of about 50K M2 of on-going deformation, aimed at localizing natural micro-seismic events occurred between 2012 and 2015. We develop a stochastic method based on a Markov chain Monte Carlo (McMC) sampling approach to compute earthquake hypocentral location parameters. Our results indicates that micro-seismicity is present with magnitudes lower than 2 (the highest magnitude is 2.8).The recorded seismicity is almost clustered along previously mapped NE-SW trending, steeply dipping faults and confined within the upper crust (focal depth less than 10 km). We also recorded anthropogenic seismicity mostly related to quarries' activity in the study area.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 62-76
    Beschreibung: OST1 Alla ricerca dei Motori Geodinamici
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 2
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    Pseudoprospective Evaluation of the Foreshock Traffic-Light System in Ridgecrest and Implications for Aftershock Hazard Assessment (2020)
    SSA
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-11-16
    Beschreibung: The Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence in California in July 2019 offered an opportunity to evaluate in near‐real time the temporal and spatial variations in the average earthquake size distribution (the b‐value) and the performance of the newly introduced foreshock traffic‐light system. In normally decaying aftershock sequences, in the past studies, the b‐value of the aftershocks was found, on average, to be 10%–30% higher than the background b‐value. A drop of 10% or more in “aftershock” b‐values was postulated to indicate that the region is still highly stressed and that a subsequent larger event is likely. In this Ridgecrest case study, after analyzing the magnitude of completeness of the sequences, we find that the quality of the monitoring network is excellent, which allows us to determine reliable b‐values over a large range of magnitudes within hours of the two mainshocks. We then find that in the hours after the first Mw 6.4 Ridgecrest event, the b‐value drops by 23% on average, compared to the background value, triggering a red foreshock traffic light. Spatially mapping the changes in b-values, we identify an area to the north of the rupture plane as the most likely location of a subsequent event. After the second, magnitude 7.1 mainshock, which did occur in that location as anticipated, the b‐value increased by 26% over the background value, triggering a green traffic light. Finally, comparing the 2019 sequence with the Mw 5.8 sequence in 1995, in which no mainshock followed, we find a b‐value increase of 29% after the mainshock. Our results suggest that the real‐time monitoring of b‐values is feasible in California and may add important information for aftershock hazard assessment.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 2828-2842
    Beschreibung: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Beschreibung: 7T. Variazioni delle caratteristiche crostali e precursori sismici
    Beschreibung: 8T. Sismologia in tempo reale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 3
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    Inhomogeneity of Macroseismic Intensities in Italy and Consequences for Macroseismic Magnitude Estimation (2021)
    SSA
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-11-16
    Beschreibung: We show that macroseismic intensities assessed in Italy in the last decade are not homogeneous with those of the previous periods. This is partly related to the recent adoption of the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS) in place of the Mercalli–Cancani–Sieberg (MCS) scale used up to about one decade ago. The underestimation of EMS with respect to MCS is about a half of a degree on average and, even more significant, if the MCS intensities are estimated according to the approach developed for the quick evaluations of damage by macroseismic seismologists of the Italian Department of Civil Protection. We also show the inhomogeneity over time of the average differences between instrumental and macroseismic magnitudes computed from intensity data, indicating an average overestimation of magnitudes of about 0.3 units for the instrumental ones before year 1960 and of about 0.2 units for the macroseismic ones after such date. This is consistent with previous studies that hypothesized the incorrect calibration of mechanical recording seismometers operating in Italy and in the surrounding countries before the introduction of the standard electromagnetic seismometers from the beginning of 1960s. For such reasons, the magnitudes of preinstrumental earthquakes in the Catalogo Parametrico dei Terremoti Italiani seismic catalog, used for the most recent seismic hazard assessment in Italy, might be overestimated, on average, by about 0.1–0.2 magnitude units.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 2234-2244
    Beschreibung: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 4
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    Rethinking the seismic history of the Gulf of Patti (NE Sicily, Italy): new insights from the local historical archives (2021)
    SSA
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-10-24
    Beschreibung: Improving the knowledge of the seismic history of a region plays a key role in the evaluation of recurrence relations for probabilistic seismic hazard analyses. In this study we present the results of an investigation carried out in two local historical archives in NE Sicily, Italy. Several letters, petitions, and reports describing the effects of some earthquakes that occurred between the 17th and the 18th centuries in the Gulf of Patti area were found and analyzed. This contributed to filling the knowledge gap about a series of moderate-to-large seismic events that were overshadowed by catastrophic earthquakes with major impact both on human losses and cultural heritage damages. We describe this experience in the hope that other historians will take up the work, looking for other NE Sicily local archives to investigate because we believe this is the right way toward a better definition of the seismic history of one of the most seismically active regions of Italy.
    Beschreibung: INGV Sezione di Milano
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1011–1025
    Beschreibung: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): North Eastern Sicily ; Historical earthquakes ; Gulf of Patti ; Patti ; Patti historical archives ; Historical seismology ; Historical research ; Seismic risk ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 5
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    Looking for undocumented earthquake effects: a probabilistic analysis of Italian macroseismic data (2023)
    Egu-Copernicus
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-08-29
    Beschreibung: A methodology to detect local incompleteness of macroseismic intensity data at the local scale is presented. In particular, the probability that undocumented effects actually occurred at a site is determined by considering intensity prediction equations (in their probabilistic form) integrated by observations relative to known events documented at surrounding sites. The outcomes of this analysis can be used to investigate how representative and known the seismic histories of localities are (i.e., the list of documented effects through time). The proposed approach is applied to the Italian area. The analysis shows that, at most of the considered sites, the effects of intensity ≥ 6 should most probably have occurred at least once, but they are not contained in the current version of the Italian macroseismic databases. In a few cases, instead, the lack of data may concern higher intensity levels (i.e., ≥ 8). The geographical distribution of potentially lost information reflects the heterogeneity of the seismic activity over the Italian territory.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1805–1816
    Beschreibung: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Macroseismology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 6
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    Inferring the depth and magnitude of pre-instrumental earthquakes from intensity attenuation curves (2023)
    Egu-Copernicus
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-08-29
    Beschreibung: The Italian historical earthquake record is among the richest worldwide; as such it allows for the development of advanced techniques for retrieving quantitative information by calibration with recent earthquakes. Building on a pilot elaboration of northern Italian earthquakes, we developed a procedure for determining the hypocentral depth of all Italian earthquakes from macroseismic intensity data alone. In a second step the procedure calculates their magnitude, taking into account the inferred depth. Hypocentral depth exhibits substantial variability countrywide but has so far received little attention: pre-instrumental earthquakes were routinely “flattened” at the upper-crustal level (∼10 km), on the grounds that the calculation of hypocentral depth is heavily dependent on the largely unknown local propagation properties. We gathered a learning set of 42 earthquakes documented by reliable instrumental data and by numerous macroseismic intensity observations. We observe (1) that within 50 km from the epicenter the ground motion attenuation rate is primarily controlled by hypocentral depth and largely independent of magnitude, (2) that within this distance the fluctuations in crustal attenuation properties are negligible countrywide, and (3) that knowing both the depth and the expected epicentral intensity makes it possible to estimate a reliable magnitude.
    Beschreibung: INGV DPC, 2019–2021 agreement; All. A, WP 7
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1007–1028
    Beschreibung: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): hypocentral depth ; magnitude ; macroseismology ; pre-instrumental earthquakes ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 7
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    Fluid Accumulation Zone by Seismic Attributes and Amplitude Versus Offset Analysis at Solfatara Volcano, Campi Flegrei, Italy (2023)
    Frontiers Media S.A.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-03-22
    Beschreibung: The imaging of volcanic systems is a challenging topic that attracts the scientific community’s attention. The characterization of structures and rock properties by means of seismic active methods is becoming fundamental for providing ultra-high-resolution images of the structures of interest. The Solfatara Volcano is a quiescent volcano in the Campi Flegrei resurgent nested caldera that is continuously under investigation and monitoring for its shallow activity, such as fumaroles. The purpose of this work is to characterize the fluid accumulation zone in the first 150 m depth in the middle of the crater, using several post-stack seismic attributes and Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) analysis to characterize the contact between the CO2 and condensed water in the shallower accumulation zone. The two 400 m-long profiles to which we refer in this work have been acquired during the active Repeated InduCed Earthquakes and Noise experiment. The profiles were deployed along with the NNE-SSW and WNW-ESE directions across the whole surface of the crater including the main surface anomalies of the fumaroles, in the eastern area, and the mud-pool of Fangaia, located in the western area. The seismic pre-processing, pre-stack processing, and post-stack analysis previously applied on the NNE-SSW profile are here performed for the first time on the WNW-ESE profile, while partial-stack AVO analysis is performed for both profiles. The post-stack attributes including time gain, envelope, energy, and root mean square have been computed and extracted for determining the maximum and minimum values of amplitude zones on the migrated post-stack seismic profiles. Such anomalies are provided by complex and geometrical attributes embedding information on faults and chaotic zones. The AVO technique has also been used as a direct gas indicator to enhance fluid discrimination and identification. Finally, the analysis of the profile, seismic attributes, and near-surface structural interpretation related to the Solfatara Volcano has been incorporated into the proposed analysis. The multi-2D image depicts fluids trapped in the Solfatara Volcano at depths ranging from 10 to 50 m below the crater’s surface, as well as their migration paths up to 150 m deep: this evidenced contact between the fluids has been probably due to the solfataric alteration of the minerals, caused by the arising plume and the abovecondensed water which decreases the permeability of the rocks and forms an argillic phase working as cap-rock and trapping the gases. The application of the AVO analysis, coupled with the seismic attribute’s investigation, provides a very detailed multi-2D image of the shallower Solfatara Volcano, which outperforms in terms of accuracy the ones obtained with different tools in previous works, and that evidences the presence and the position of the liquid and the gases in the north-east area of the Solfatara Volcano.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 866534
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 8
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    Recent Seismic Sequences and Activation of Normal Fault Systems in the Mugello Basin and Surrounding Areas (Northern Apennines, Italy) (2023)
    Frontiers Media S.A.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-02-01
    Beschreibung: The Mugello Basin (North-Eastern Tuscany) is an intermontane basin of the Northern Apennines (Italy) with a well-documented record of seismicity; the two major historical earthquakes occurred in 1542 (Mw = 6.0) and in 1919 (Mw = 6.4). In this study, we integrate different seismic catalogs spanning the 2005–2019 time interval, and complement these data with phase arrival times from a temporary network that specifically operated in the area throughout the 2019–2021 time interval. The subsequent relocation of this data set with a double-difference algorithm allows for accurate analyses of the most relevant seismic sequences which affected the study area in 2008, 2009, 2015–2017, and 2019. These sequences are associated with the activation of adjacent segments of larger NW-striking fault systems, one of which bounds the NE margin of the Mugello Basin (Ronta Fault System). For each seismic sequence, best-fit fault surfaces are derived from orthonormal regression of relocated hypocenters, yielding consistent results with that derived from fault plane solutions. The four sequences mark a significant increase in the seismicity rate with respect to what was recorded in the previous decades. This suggests that, following the 2008 renewal of seismicity, static or dynamic stress changes, or both depending on the case, played a role in advancing the time of failure of the fault segments activated subsequently.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 879160
    Beschreibung: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): seismic sequence ; fault segmentation ; northern apennines ; stress transfer ; earthquake triggering ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 9
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    Detection of hidden faults within the Fucino basin from single-station ambient noise measurements: The case study of the Trasacco fault system (2023)
    Frontiers Media S.A.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-02-01
    Beschreibung: The presence of normal fault systems in central Italy, outcropping or hidden below Quaternary covers in intra-mountain basins, is the expression of the Neogene–Quaternary evolution of the area, characterized by an extensional tectonic regime following the fold and thrust structuring of the Apennine orogen. Italian urban settlements of central Italy are developed on hills or mountains but also in lowland areas, which are often set up in sedimentary basins. In this framework, urban centers found close to fault lines are common, with strong implications on the seismic risk of the area. In this work, we performed a dense seismological passive survey (88 single-station ambient noise measurements) and used the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVNSR) technique to investigate hidden faults in the Trasacco municipality located in the southern part of the Fucino Basin (central Italy), where microzonation studies pointed out hypothetical fault lines crossing the urban area with the Apennine orientation. These hidden structures were only suggested by previous studies based on commercial seismic lines and aerial photogrammetry; their presence in the basin area is confirmed by our measurements. This case study shows the potentiality of using the HVNSR technique in fault areas to have a preliminary indication of anomalous behaviors, to be investigated later with specific geophysical techniques. Our approach can support microzonation studies whenever fault zones are involved, especially in urban areas or in places designated for future developments.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 937848
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): microzonation ; HVNSR ; hidden faults ; lateral heterogeneities ; subsoil reconstruction ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 10
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    First evidence of the Late Pleistocene—Holocene activity of the Roveto Valley Fault (Central Apennines, Italy) (2023)
    Frontiers Media S.A.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-01-16
    Beschreibung: We investigated the Late Quaternary activity of a major, crustal fault affecting the southern sector of Central Apennines, i.e., the Roveto Valley Fault (also known as Liri Valley fault). This sector of the chain was hit by numerous M〉5 historical seismic events. For some of these, e.g., the 1654 one (Mw 6.33), the causative seismogenic source has never been conclusively defined. Within this seismotectonic framework, the recent activity of the Roveto Valley Fault is still a matter of debate. Some authors defined its activity as ended in the Middle Pleistocene; others considered it as currently active and seismogenic at least in its southern portion. We collected new geologic and geomorphologic data along the eastern (left) flank of the Roveto Valley, where the fault crops out, and we identified evidence of displacement of alluvial fans that we attributed to the Early, Middle, and Late Pleistocene. Moreover, the analysis of the relationship between colluvial/detrital deposits, chronologically constrained by means of radiocarbon dating, allowed us to define the activation of the Roveto Valley fault also during historical times, that is, over the past few centuries. Evidence of this has been collected along a large sector of the fault trace for a length of some tens of kilometres. The results of our studies contribute to improve the knowledge of the seismotectonic setting of a large sector of the Central Apennines. Indeed, proving the current activity of the Roveto Valley fault casts new light on possible seismogenic sources of major seismicity of central Italy, potentially responsible for severe damage over a wide area and to relevant cities, Rome being among them.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1018737
    Beschreibung: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): central Apennines ; Quaternary geology ; geomorphology ; Roveto Valley fault ; active tectonics ; paleoseismology ; seismotectonics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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