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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (5,390)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (3,679)
  • Animals
  • 1975-1979  (8,174)
  • 1950-1954  (1,627)
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Years
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: Murine teratocarcinomas were located in mice by external gamma-ray scintigraphy with an iodine-125-labeled monoclonal antibody specific to the tumors. The specificity of the method was increased by subtracting the radiation produced by an iodine-125-labeled indifferent monoclonal antibody of the same immunoglobulin class as the tumor-specific antibody.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ballou, B -- Levine, G -- Hakala, T R -- Solter, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):844-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Neoplasm ; Clone Cells/immunology ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnosis/immunology ; Radionuclide Imaging/*methods ; Teratoma/*diagnosis/immunology
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: In laboratory rodents, concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) are exceedingly high (up to 7 to 8 millimolar) in the glandular gastric tissue compared to concentrations in other portions of the gastrointestinal tract or to those of most other organs. Gastric GSH varies diurnally, with the highest levels occurring in the late afternoon or early evening. Starvation, treatment with diethyl maleate, or cold-restraint stress all caused marked decreases in stomach GSH, whereas treatment with cobaltous chloride caused an increase in the GSH concentrations. The physiological significance of the high gastric GSH is unknown, but because this endogenous compound may strongly modulate (decrease or increase) the macromolecular binding of certain chemicals capable of inducing stomach tumors, the possible role of glutathione in the pathogenesis of chemically induced gastric cancer should be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Body, S C -- Sasame, H A -- Body, M R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1010-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Circadian Rhythm ; Cobalt/pharmacology ; Food Deprivation ; Glutathione/*metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Rats ; Stomach/*metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms/*etiology ; Stress, Physiological/physiopathology
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Vascular casts of the pituitary gland have demonstrated a paucity of veins extending from the adenohypophysis to the systemic circulation and have suggested that some adenohypophyseal venous blood returns to the neurohypophysis. The neurohypophyseal capillary bed may function as a vascular switch and in this article a series of 14 questions are proposed regarding the vascular dynamics of the pituitary. Together these questions raise the larger question, namely, whether pituitary hormones are transported directly to the brain to modify brain function?〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R M -- Page, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):18-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis/anatomy & histology ; Capillaries/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Dogs ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/blood supply ; Pituitary Gland/*blood supply ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/blood supply ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-03-16
    Description: Subcutaneous injections of naloxone, an opiate antagonist, lead to an increase in serum luteinizing hormone concentrations in female but not in male rats before they reach puberty. In addition, estradiol benzoate specifically blocks the luteinizing hormone response to naloxone in prepubertal female rats, suggesting that the opioid peptides have a physiological role in the endocrine events leading to sexual maturation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blank, M S -- Panerai, A E -- Friesen, H G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 16;203(4385):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424743" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood/*secretion ; Male ; Naloxone/antagonists & inhibitors/pharmacology ; Rats ; Secretory Rate/drug effects ; Sexual Maturation/*drug effects
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-02-16
    Description: The mouse mutant genes obese (ob) and diabetes (db) cause similar obesity-diabetes states in homozygotes. These obesity syndromes are characterized by a more efficient conversion of food to lipid and, once stored, a slower rate of catabolism on fasting. Heterozygous mice, either ob/+ or db/+, survived a prolonged fast significantly longer than normal homozygotes (+/+); this suggests that the heterozygotes exhibited increased metabolic efficiency, a feature normally associated with both homozygous mutants. The existence of this thriftiness trait, if manifested by heterozygous carriers in wild populations, would lend credence to the thrifty gene concept of diabetes. Beneficial effects of normally deleterious genes may have played a role in the development of diabetes-susceptible human populations, as well as having provided the survival advantage that has allowed both the development and successful establishment of species in desert and other less affluent regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coleman, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 16;203(4381):663-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*genetics/metabolism ; Fasting ; Glucose/metabolism ; Heterozygote ; Insulin/blood ; Mice ; Mice, Obese/*genetics
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-01-12
    Description: Anatomical and electrophysiological studies suggest that the medullary raphe gives rise to a monosynaptic, inhibitory projection on sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Physiological and behavioral data indicate that this sympathoinhibitory pathway participates in the central control of cardiovascular function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cabot, J B -- Wild, J M -- Cohen, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 12;203(4376):184-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/758687" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic/physiology ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Columbidae ; Electric Stimulation ; Heart/*physiology ; Heart Rate ; *Neural Inhibition ; Neural Pathways/cytology/physiology ; Raphe Nuclei/cytology/*physiology ; Spinal Cord/*physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology/*physiology
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Exposure of L1210 leukemia cells first to 0.1 to 100 micromolar methotrexate and then to 10 micromolar 5-fluorouracil produces a synergistic effect on the number of cells killed in culture. Methotrexate dose-related increases occur in the concentrations of intracellular 5-fluorouracil ribonucleotides and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylate and in the incorporation of 5-fluorouracil into RNA. These increases are correlated with increased concentrations of intracellular phosphoribosylpyrophosphate. It is proposed that the enhanced formation of ribonucleotides of 5-fluorouracil and the subsequent incorporation of these compounds into RNA in methotrexate-treated cells may account for synergism between these agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cadman, E -- Heimer, R -- Davis, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1135-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472732" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Synergism ; Fluorouracil/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Leukemia L1210 ; Methotrexate/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate/metabolism ; RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism ; Ribonucleotides/metabolism ; Thymidylate Synthase/metabolism
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-03-23
    Description: When chicken pineal glands were organ-cultured in darkness, serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity was low during daytime, increased at midnight, and decreased on the next morning. The autonomous increase of N-acetyltransferase activity was suppressed by illumination of the glands. When pineal glands were cultured under a light-dark cycle (LD 12:12), the change of N-acetyltransferase activity continued to oscillate in phase with the light-dark cycle for 3 days.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deguchi, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 23;203(4386):1245-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Chickens ; Circadian Rhythm ; Darkness ; Light ; Melatonin/biosynthesis ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Pineal Gland/enzymology/*physiology ; Serotonin
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: We describe some flatworms (some in the genus Mesostoma) that kill mosquito larvae and may account for the variability in the population densities of Culex tarsalis and Anopheles freeborni in rice fields. When mosquito larvae brush against these worms, the larvae immediately become paralyzed and die. When C. tarsalis larvae are placed inside floating cages that exclude flatworms (50-micromter mesh), there is a fourfold increase in the their survival. Rice fields that have abundant mosquito populations lack flatworms. Most such fields have only recently been turned over to rice production, suggesting that the flatworms have difficulty dispersing to new fields but, once established, are able to overwinter and control mosquitoes for the subsequent years of rice production.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Case, T J -- Washino, R K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1412-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*methods ; Animals ; Anopheles/physiology ; California ; Culex/physiology ; Culicidae/*physiology ; Insect Control/*methods ; Larva ; *Oryza ; Platyhelminths/*physiology
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-19
    Description: Photosensitive membrane structures in the retinular cells of the Limulus lateral eye are broken down and renewed daily. The first light onset causes a rapid, synchronous disassembly and buildup of the rhabdom in each photoreceptor cell. The entire process is complete within 30 minutes. Blocking the efferent input to the retina from the brain blocks the turnover of the rhabdom, and mimicking the efferent input by optic nerve stimulation restores it.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chamberlain, S C -- Barlow, R B Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 19;206(4416):361-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482946" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Efferent Pathways/physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Horseshoe Crabs/*physiology ; *Light ; Optic Nerve/physiology ; Photoreceptor Cells/cytology/*physiology ; Regeneration ; Retina/cytology/physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 11
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cantor, M B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1235-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451570" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodes ; Methods ; Rats ; *Reinforcement (Psychology)
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  • 12
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: A highly inflammatory and vesicatory substance, lyngbyatoxin A, has been isolated from the lipid extract of a Hawaiian shallow-water variety of Lyngbya majuscula Gomont; its gross structure was determined from chemical and spectral data. Lyngbyatoxin A is closely related to teleocidin B, a poisonous substance associated with several strains of Streptomyces.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cardellina, J H 2nd -- Marner, F J -- Moore, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/107586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkaloids/*toxicity ; Animals ; *Cyanobacteria ; Dermatitis, Contact/*etiology ; *Dermotoxins ; Indoles/toxicity ; *Marine Toxins ; Mice
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: Intraocular recordings from brisk-sustained and brisk-transient ganglion cells in the cat's retina revealed a systematic increase in center size and decrease in spatial cut-off frequency with increasing distance from the area centralis. At any one eccentricity sizes of the centers of sustained and transient cells did not overlap, and the variation in cut-off frequency for each class was constrained to about one-half octave.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleland, B G -- Harding, T H -- Tulunay-Keesey, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1015-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; Ganglia/physiology ; Retina/cytology/*physiology ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology ; *Visual Fields
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: The reduction of glycolysis by hypoglycemia or the glucose analog 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) stimulates compensatory sympathetic alterations of metabolism. Considerable attention has been focused on the hypothalamus as the probable locus of requisite metabolic signal detection. We report, however, that unanesthetized chronically decerebrate rats are capable of exhibiting sympathoadrenal hyperglycemia in response to the metabolic challenge presented by 2DG. This findings demonstrates that the forebrain is not necessary for glucoprivic stimulation of this reflex. Since cervical cord transection has been shown to eliminate hyperglycemia induced by 2DG, we conclude that the caudal brainstem contains an essential part of the neural mechanism which both detects metabolic need and ameliorates that need through the release of stored fuels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DiRocco, R J -- Grill, H J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1112-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451558" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Glands/physiology ; Afferent Pathways ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/*metabolism ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Decerebrate State ; Deoxy Sugars/*pharmacology ; Deoxyglucose/*pharmacology ; *Energy Metabolism ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Rats ; Reflex/physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 1979-02-09
    Description: Incubation with specific antigen, myelin basic protein, greatly enhances the ability of guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells to transfer experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Reproducibly successful transfers are obtained with 10(7) cells. With this relatively small number of cells, in vitro studies to determine the immunologic mechanisms involved in the disease process are now possible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Driscoll, B F -- Kies, M W -- Alvord, E C Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 9;203(4380):547-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83676" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens ; Ascitic Fluid/*cytology/immunology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Division ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology/*transmission ; Exudates and Transudates/immunology ; Guinea Pigs ; Immunization, Passive ; Male ; Myelin Basic Protein/immunology
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: Tritium-labeled complementary RNA's to two cloned sea urchin DNA sequences, one coding for histones H1, H2B, and H4 and the other for H2A and H3, were hybridized in situ to high resolution human chromosomes. Evidence is presented showing that the histone genes in man are localized in bands q32-36 on the long arm of chromosome 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandler, M E -- Kedes, L H -- Cohn, R H -- Yunis, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):908-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472711" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes/ultrastructure ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; *Genes ; Histones/*genetics ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/ultrastructure ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Sea Urchins/genetics
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Large contrasts are observed between the messenger RNA populations of different tissues and of embryos at different stages of development. Nevertheless, coding sequences for genes not expressed in a cell appear to be present in its nuclear RNA. Though many nuclear RNA transcripts of single copy DNA sequences are held in common between tissues, an additional set, probably consisting of non-message sequences, is not shared. Nuclear RNA also contains transcripts of repetitive DNA sequences. Certain repeat families are represented at high levels in the nuclear RNA of particular tissues and much lower levels in others. It is surprising that both complements of most repeat sequences are present in nuclear RNA. These observations lead to model for regulation of gene expression in which the formation of repetitive RNA-RNA duplexes controls the production of messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, E H -- Britten, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1052-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; DNA/*genetics ; Genes ; *Genes, Regulator ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Mammals/embryology ; Models, Biological ; Polyribosomes/metabolism ; *RNA, Heterogeneous Nuclear/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Sea Urchins/embryology ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Unlike normal animals or those with sham lesions, rats with hippocampal and septal lesions behaved in an operant chamber as if a dependency existed between pellet delivery and their behavior, despite the fact that reinforcement was based on time, not behavior, and was therefore free. This superstitious behavior did not result from a general inability to inhibit responding, as responding rapidly ceased when the pellets were discontinued. These findings suggest that the hippocampus integrates information regarding response-reinforcer relations, which in the normal rat permits superfluous operant behavior to be eliminated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Devenport, L D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):721-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Conditioning, Operant/physiology ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Learning/physiology ; Rats ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Septal Nuclei/*physiology ; *Superstitions
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: The hypothesis was tested that an acute rise of blood pressure may reduce reactivity to noxious stimuli through a baroreceptor-mediated reduction of cerebral arousal. When blood pressure was raised by an infusion of phenylephrine, rats showed less running to terminate or avoid noxious stimuli than during saline infusions. This effect was not seen in rats with denervated baroreceptors. The results suggest that a rise of blood pressure could have motivational consequences significant for human hypertension.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dworkin, B R -- Filewich, R J -- Miller, N E -- Craigmyle, N -- Pickering, T G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1299-301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/drug effects/*physiology ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Hypertension/*physiopathology ; Male ; Motivation/physiology ; Phenylephrine/pharmacology ; Pressoreceptors/*physiology ; Rats
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  • 20
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-10
    Description: Color-opponent ganglion cells in the monkey retina respond to luminance flicker at high temporal frequencies. Color opponency, which makes these cells so selective of wavelength at low temporal frequencies, is progressively lost at high frequencies. This loss is due to a frequency-dependent phase shift between the responses of spectrally different center and surround mechanisms in the receptive field of each of these cells. Center and surround responses, which are antagonistic at low temporal frequencies, become synergistic at high ones, making these cells most responsive at high frequencies to those wavelengths to which they are least responsive at low frequencies. This phenomenon can explain the differences between chromatic and luminance flicker in human vision.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gouras, P -- Zrenner, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 10;205(4406):587-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Color ; Ganglia/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Light ; Retina/*physiology ; *Vision, Ocular
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: Micropipettes containing 2 to 50 biological units of beta growth factor (NGF) were placed near growing axons of chick dorsal-root ganglion neurons in tissue culture. The axons turned and grew toward the NGF source within 21 minutes. This turning response to elevated concentrations of NGF appears to represent chemotactic guidance rather than a general enhancement of growth rate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gundersen, R W -- Barrett, J N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1079-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/growth & development/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; *Chemotaxis/drug effects ; Chick Embryo ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ganglia, Spinal/physiology ; Nerve Growth Factors/*pharmacology
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-03-02
    Description: The concentrations of hormones in the plasma of male red-winged blackbirds caught at the height of an aggressive encounter are significantly different from those in males that have not recently engaged in aggressive behavior. Concentrations of luteinizing hormone in the plasma are decreased in the aggressive males, whereas androgen concentrations are affected in a more complex manner. Concentrations of corticoids do not appear to be affected by aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harding, C F -- Follett, B K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 2;203(4383):918-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/570304" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*physiology ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Birds/*physiology ; Corticosterone/blood ; Dihydrotestosterone/blood ; Hormones/*blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Testosterone/blood
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: The amino terminal acid sequences of several mouse leukemia virus phosphoproteins (p12) show definite homology with the amino terminal conserved region of H5 histones, the phosphorylated nuclear proteins of nucleated erythrocytes. Differences in the amino acid compositions of the two groups of proteins seem to rule out the possibility that they evolved from a single common ancestral gene. The finding of sequence homology between viral p12's and cellular histones, however, is consistent with evolution of retrovirus structural proteins by a process of differentiation from preexisting cellular genes. The conserved primary and secondary structure at the amino terminal region, common to both groups of proteins, may be related to their common function of nucleic acid binding modulated by phosphorylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henderson, L E -- Gilden, R V -- Oroszlan, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1346-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/218289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins ; Cell Nucleus/analysis ; Chickens/blood ; Erythrocytes/analysis ; Geese/blood ; *Histones ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/*analysis ; Nucleic Acids/metabolism ; *Phosphoproteins ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; *Viral Proteins
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 1979-01-26
    Description: The onset of maternal responsiveness by virgin female rats to foster pups was observed after (i) complete vomeronasal nerve cuts, (ii) partial olfactory bulb cuts, or (iii) the combined procedures. Although both vomeronasal nerve cuts and olfactory bulb cuts resulted in a more rapid onset of maternal care, relative to control animals with sham operations, animals sustaining the loss of both sources of olfactory input exhibited the shortest response latency. These findings are discussed in terms of the probable distinct functions of the two olfactory systems in the control of maternal behavior in the rat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fleming, A -- Vaccarino, F -- Tambosso, L -- Chee, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 26;203(4378):372-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways ; Animals ; Central Nervous System/*physiology ; Female ; *Maternal Behavior ; Olfactory Bulb/physiology ; Olfactory Pathways/*physiology ; Rats ; Smell/*physiology
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Cis and trans dichlorodiaminoplatinum (II) compounds bind to DNA and form DNA cross-links, which are usually considered to be irreversible. Thiourea can reverse these cross-links without any apparent breakdown of the DNA. In addition, cis- and trans-Pt (II) treatment of lambda decreases its transfectivity. After suitable incubation with thiourea, full transfectivity of Pt(II)-treated lambda DNA can be restored.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Filipski, J -- Kohn, K W -- Prather, R -- Bonner, W M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):181-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/571145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Coliphages ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/metabolism ; Leukemia L1210 ; Organoplatinum Compounds/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thiourea/*pharmacology
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 1979-10-12
    Description: Dendritic branching in Purkinje and granule cells and the diameters of Purkinje cell somas were compared in several cerebellar areas of monkeys reared in isolation, with social experience, or in a large colony. In the colony-reared monkeys, spiny branchlets of Purkinje cells were more extensive in the paraflocculus and the nodulus than they were in the other two groups. Granule cell dendritic branching in the paraflocculus and nodulus did not differ across groups. In addition, Purkinje cell somas were larger in the uvula and the nodulus of the colony animals than in the other groups. These data indicate that the social and physical environment during development influences the morphology of cerebellar Purkinje cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Floeter, M K -- Greenough, W T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 12;206(4415):227-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/113873" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Cerebellum/*growth & development ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Environment ; Haplorhini ; Macaca fascicularis ; Movement ; Purkinje Cells/*cytology
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Inoculation of suckling hamsters with 2 x 10(8) live cells of Escherichia coli K12 strain chi1776, carrying the complete genome of polyoma virus in a recombinant plasmid, failed to induce tumors in any of 32 recipients. Also, lambda phage DNA and particles with a monomeric insert of polyoma DNA did not induce tumors. Purified recombinant plasmid DNA, as well as phage particles and DNA containing a head-to-tail dimer of polyoma DNA, showed a low degree of oncogenicity, comparable to that of polyoma DNA prepared from mouse cells. These findings support the previous conclusions, based on infectivity assays in mice, that propagation of polyoma virus DNA as a component of recombinant DNA molecules in E. coli K12 reduces its biologic activity many orders of magnitude relative to the virus itself.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Israel, M A -- Chan, H W -- Martin, M A -- Rowe, W P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1140-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224458" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Coliphages/genetics ; Cricetinae ; *DNA, Recombinant ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Escherichia coli/*genetics ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*etiology ; Plasmids ; Polyomavirus/*genetics ; Risk
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Horseradish peroxidase injected into 18 single, physiologically identified geniculate X and Y cells permitted a detailed morphological correlate to be determined for the physiological properties of each neuron. Class 1 morphological characteristics were associated with Y cells, class 3 with X cells, and class 2 structural traits were seen in both physiological types.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Friedlander, M J -- Lin, C S -- Sherman, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1114-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology/physiology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Interneurons/cytology
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: The Na+,k+-adenosine triphosphatase-inhibiting activity of digitalis genins and their analogs is a function of side-group carbonyl (C = O) oxygen position. For each 2.2 angstroms that this oxygen is displaced from its position in digitoxigenin, activity drops by one order of magnitude. This quantitative relation resolves previously proposed models which have attempted to describe the molecular basis of genin activity. A multidisciplinary (crystallographic, conformational energy, synthetic, biological) approach to structure-activity relations is described.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fullerton, D S -- Yoshioka, K -- Rohrer, D C -- From, A H -- Ahmed, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):917-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224455" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/enzymology ; Digitalis Glycosides/*pharmacology ; Molecular Conformation ; Rats ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 30
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: A marked reduction of binocular cells in striate cortex is found if 4-week-old kittens are visually stimulated monocularly while anesthetized and held in a stereotaxic apparatus. If the kittens are paralyzed and artificially respirated, changes are not found unless an eye is moved mechanically. It appears that eye movement and visual stimulation are necessary conditions for deactivation of binocular connections, but neither is sufficient to induce such changes alone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freeman, R D -- Bonds, A B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1093-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; *Eye Movements ; Functional Laterality ; Immobilization ; Paralysis/physiopathology ; Visual Cortex/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development
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  • 31
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-10
    Description: Striking similarities were observed between the overlapping visual and tactile maps of the mammalian superior colliculus and of its homolog in reptiles, the optic tectum. This topographic pattern probably represents a plan of sensory representation that existed in ancient reptiles and that was retained during the evolution to mammalian forms more than 180 million years ago.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gaither, N S -- Stein, B E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 10;205(4406):595-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451623" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodes ; Iguanas ; Mammals ; Reptiles ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology ; *Touch ; *Vision, Ocular
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  • 32
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-02-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gaion, R M -- Krishna, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 16;203(4381):672-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytosine Nucleotides ; Liver/*enzymology ; Lyases/*metabolism ; Mice
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  • 33
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Melatonin fulfills many of the criteria for classification as a hormone. Until recently it was considered to be elaborated exclusively by pineal organs. Melatonin synthesis by other tissues has been indicated but not demonstrated unequivocally. Trout retinas in a whole-organ culture system in vitro synthesized tritiated melatonin from a substrate containing tritiated serotonin. This raises the possibility that the trout retina is an endocrine organ.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gern, W A -- Ralph, C L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):183-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Culture Techniques ; Melatonin/*biosynthesis ; Retina/*metabolism ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Trout
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  • 34
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: The intraventricular injection of D-alanine-methionine-enkephalinamide (D-Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide), a synthetic analog of Met-enkephalin that is resistant to enzymatic degradation, inhibits copulatory behavior in sexually vigorous male rats in doses which do not influence motor activity or feeding behavior. This effect is prevented by naloxone, a specific inhibitor of opioid receptors. In addition, injections of naloxone induce copulatory behavior in sexually inactive male rats. These results suggest that endorphins play an important role in the regulation of sexual behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gessa, G L -- Paglietti, E -- Quarantotti, B P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):203-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Copulation/*drug effects ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: A new quantitative assay for studying the kinetics of vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo is reported. The assay was used to determine the specific activity of DNA from rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells stimulated to grow by removal of the endothelial layer. The specific activity of the DNA was correlated with the rate of tritiated thymidine incorporation as measured by autoradiography and with the rate of DNA synthesis as estimated by direct measurement of cellular proliferation. Smooth muscle cells exhibit a 24-hour latent period in vivo prior to DNA synthesis; the synthesis peaks at 48 hours and then rapidly declines. The decline in DNA synthesis is not related to endothelial regrowth, and may be of homeostatic significance in limiting luminal stenosis. The assay offers a rapid and reliable alternative to autoradiographic and morphometric techniques for evaluating growth kinetics and growth regulation in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldberg, I D -- Stemerman, M B -- Schnipper, L E -- Ransil, B J -- Crooks, G W -- Fuhro, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):920-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/*cytology ; Arteriosclerosis/metabolism/pathology ; Cell Division ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Endothelium/cytology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth/*cytology/metabolism ; Rabbits
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: Individually identified neurons can be recognized in grasshopper embryos, and are accessible to examination by morphological, physiological, and biochemical techniques from their birth to their maturation. Only after the axon of an identified neuron reaches its postsynaptic target does the neurotransmitter accumulate, the soma rapidly enlarge, and the central arborizations greatly expand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodman, C S -- O'Shea, M -- McCaman, R -- Spitzer, N C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1219-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Central Nervous System/*embryology ; Ganglia/cytology ; Grasshoppers/cytology/embryology ; Morphogenesis ; Neurons/*cytology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Octopamine/metabolism
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Digitized electromyographic activity of transplanted extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in cats differs from that of control EDL and anterior tibialis muscles lying adjacent to transplanted EDL muscles. In autotransplanted muscles, the cross-sectional area of the fibers shows a negative correlation with mean spike frequency and a positive correlation with mean amplitude. The mean frequency-amplitude products correlate with isometric tetanic tensions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorniak, G C -- Gans, C -- Faulkner, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1085-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Electrodes ; Electromyography/methods ; Muscles/cytology/physiology/*transplantation ; *Regeneration ; Transplantation, Autologous
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Rearing cats so that each of the two eyes sees stripes of a different orientation alters the orientation preference of visual cortex cells. This result can be obtained by rearing the cats in striped cylinders or with goggles attached to their faces, but a tighter control of orientation preference is achieved by the goggles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gordon, B -- Presson, J -- Packwood, J -- Scheer, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1109-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Orientation/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 39
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The uptake of 45Ca2+ by nerve-ending fractions from brains of mice was inhibited in vitro by 10(-9)M concentrations of beta-endorphin and in mice injected intraventricularly with 7 picomoles of beta-endorphin. That the effect was a specific opiate agonist response of beta-endorphin was demonstrated by use of the opiate antagonist, naloxone, which reversed the action. A role for beta-endorphin in the regulation of calcium flux and neurotransmitter release should be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guerrero-Munoz, F -- de Lourdes Guerrero, M -- Way, E L -- Li, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):89-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Tolerance ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Rats ; Synaptosomes/*drug effects/metabolism
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  • 40
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Female weanling rats from a colony maintained on a diet low in vitamin D were raised on a diet that was deficient in vitamin D but was otherwise adequate. Vitamin D deficiency was confirmed in the rats by hypocalcemia and the absence of vitamin D metabolites in blood. These females gave birth to litters that were slightly smaller than control litters from females maintained on a vitamin D-containing diet. The pups from the vitamin D-deficient mothers appeared normal throughout lactation, and at weaning had normal concentrations of calcium and phosphate in the plasma. These results indicate that vitamin D and its metabolites are not necessary for reproduction and fetal development in the rat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Halloran, B P -- DeLuca, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):73-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Suckling/blood ; Body Weight ; Bone Development ; Calcium/blood ; Female ; Hydroxycholecalciferols/blood ; Phosphates/blood ; Rats ; *Reproduction ; Vitamin D Deficiency/blood/*physiopathology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Unilateral lesion of the locus coeruleus and the resultant norepinephrine depletion in the ipsilateral cerebrum alters the relationship between cerebral metabolic demands and local delivery of oxygen and substrates. This effect of norepinephrine depletion is demonstrated by slower recovery of the redox ratio of cytochrome a,a3 during increased metabolic demands induced by local cortical stimulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harik, S I -- LaManna, J C -- Light, A I -- Rosenthal, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):69-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Cytochromes/*metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; Evoked Potentials ; Locus Coeruleus/*physiology ; Male ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Rats ; Spectrophotometry
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  • 42
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: The role of exteroceptive and interoceptive aversive stimuli in rats 2 to 14 days old was investigated according to an odor aversion paradigm. Amyl acetate odor was paired with eigher peripheral shock, intraperitoneal shock, or lithium chloride poisoning. Intraperitoneal shock was an effective unconditioned stimulus at all ages and produced odor aversions comparable to lithium chloride poisoning; peripheral shock, however, was effective only in rats 10 days of age or older. Interoceptive control of aversively motivated behaviors thus seems to develop before exteroceptive control, and the failure of previous studies to find reliable learning and retention of shock-motivated behaviors before 8 to 10 days of age may be attributable to the site to which shock was applied rather than to insensitivity to shock per se.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haroutunian, V -- Campbell, B A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):927-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472715" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology ; Electroshock ; Perception/*physiology ; Rats ; Retention (Psychology)/physiology ; Smell/physiology
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 1979-02-09
    Description: A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for the insulin receptor has been developed employing receptor autoantibodies from the serum of a patient with insulin-resistant diabetes. The assay detects insulin binding sites at concentrations as low as 0.1 nanomolar; distinguishes between receptors originating from human placental membranes, human lymphoblastoid cells, and mouse liver membranes; and measures the receptor independently of its binding function. Down-regulation, or loss of binding after exposure to insulin, is associated with loss of immunoreactive receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harrison, L C -- Flier, J -- Itin, A -- Kahn, C R -- Roth, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 9;203(4380):544-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Binding Sites ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Epitopes ; Female ; Humans ; Liver/analysis ; Lymphocytes/analysis ; Mice ; Placenta/analysis ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay/methods ; Receptor, Insulin/analysis/*immunology ; Solubility
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  • 44
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-03-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hartline, F F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 9;203(4384):992-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Coloring Agents ; Gerbillinae ; *Membrane Potentials ; Mitochondria/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Thoracica
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  • 45
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-07-20
    Description: Close study of 3-hydroxybutyrate uptake by brain suggests that its metabolism is limited by permeability. Furthermore, the permeability characteristics vary from region to region; areas known to have no blood-brain barrier show the highest rate of utilization. The results imply that rather than substitute fuels, ketone bodies should be considered supplements which partially supply specific areas but are incapable of supporting the entire energy requirement of all brain regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hawkins, R A -- Biebuyck, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 20;205(4403):325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/*metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Hydroxybutyrates/metabolism ; Ketone Bodies/*metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Starvation/metabolism
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  • 46
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: 17 beta-[16 alpha-125I]Iodoestradiol has been synthesized by exchange of 16 beta-bromoestradiol with Na125I. The iodinated product is readily separated from the bromo reactant by column chromatography. It concentrates in the rat uterus in vivo and binds avidly and specifically to the uterine estrogen receptor in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hochberg, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1138-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estradiol/*analogs & derivatives/analysis/metabolism ; Female ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Radioimmunoassay/methods ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; Uterus/metabolism
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: Of the proteins in mechanically disrupted chicken gizzard fibers (no functional sarcolemma) only the 20,000-dalton light chains of myosin underwent large Ca2+-and Sr2+-dependent changes in phosphorylation. Phosphorylation closely corresponded with the Ca2+- and Sr2+-activated tensions. Adenosine 5'-O (3'-thiotriphosphate) only in the presence of Ca2+ induced irreversible Ca2+-insensitive activation of tension and thiophosphorylation of the 20,000-dalton light chains, and blocked incorporation of 32P from [gamma-32P]adenosine triphosphate into the myosin light chains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoar, P E -- Kerrick, W G -- Cassidy, P S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):503-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432654" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Chickens ; Gizzard/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Molecular Weight ; Muscle Contraction/*drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth/*physiology ; Myosins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/metabolism
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  • 48
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: Norepinephrine reversibly antagonizes three calcium-dependent potentials recorded from rat postganglionic neurons. Norepinephrine inhibits the development of a shoulder on the aciton potential, the magnitude of the hyperpolarizing afterpotential, and the rate of rise and amplitude of the calcium spike. The action of norepinephrine is antagonized by the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine, but not by MJ 1999, a beta-adrenergic antagonist. These results suggest that activation of an alpha-adrenergic receptor may antagonize a voltage-sensitive calcium current.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Horn, J P -- McAfee, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1233-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/221979" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Dopamine/pharmacology ; Electric Conductivity ; Ganglia, Autonomic/*drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ion Channels/*drug effects ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Membrane Potentials/*drug effects ; Neurons/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/drug effects
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: The edge spectrum is a sensitive probe of local chemistry. Edge spectra of potassium in various chemical environments were measured, and each environment gives a unique edge spectrum. Hydrated potassium has a unique spectrum that is insensitive to counterions. Comparison of the spectra shows that the chemical state of potassium in cells differs appreciably from that in aqueous solutions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, H W -- Hunter, S H -- Warburton, W K -- Moss, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):191-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/311948" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura ; Erythrocytes/*analysis ; Oxygen/blood ; Potassium/*blood ; Rana pipiens ; Solutions ; Spectrum Analysis ; Water ; X-Rays
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: The genetic linkage of the endogenous C3H/HeJ C-type ecotropic virus to phosphoglucomutase-1 (0.28, recombinant fraction) on chromosome 5 was established by means of serological assays of backcrossed mice. With a combination of serological techniques and DNA-DNA hybridization the BALB/c endogenous ecotropic virus was shown to be either closely linked or allelic with the C3H/HeJ locus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ihle, J N -- Joseph, D R -- Domotor, J J Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219476" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Genetic Linkage ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*microbiology ; Mice, Inbred C3H/*microbiology ; Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics ; Phenotype ; Phosphoglucomutase/*genetics ; Retroviridae/*genetics
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: Rates of cerebral perfusion were obtained from measurements of the disappearance (wash-out) of oxygen-15 after in situ tissue activation with 45-million-volt x-rays. In an anesthetized cat, typical values were 90 milliliters per minute per 100 grams of tissue, with 55 percent wash-out. In a specific radiotherapy patient, the value was 65 milliliters per minute per 100 grams of tissue, with 63 percent wash-out of oxygen-15 through incorporation into tissue water.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hughes, W L -- Nussbaum, G H -- Connolly, R -- Emami, B -- Reilly, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*blood supply ; Cats ; Humans ; Neoplasms/blood supply ; Oxygen/*blood/radiation effects ; Oxygen Radioisotopes ; *Regional Blood Flow ; X-Rays
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  • 52
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-01-26
    Description: Progesterone receptors in the autonomous rat mammary tumor MTW-9B are reduced 80 to 90 percent after ovariectomy, but are not reduced if ovariectomized animals are given estrogen. Tumor growth, however, is independent of estrogen status and insensitive to pharmacological doses of estradiol. This represents an unusual system characterized by a selective action of an inducing agent on the genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ip, M -- Milholland, R J -- Rosen, F -- Kim, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 26;203(4378):361-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism/pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis/drug effects/*metabolism
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 1979-01-26
    Description: A single injection of methylazoxymethanol in pregnant rats at 15 days of gestation results in severe cortical atrophy in the offspring. In the adult offspring, the neurochemical markers for the cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing neurons are severely reduced, whereas the noradrenergic markers are minimally altered. Immunohistofluorescence microscopy demonstrates a marked increase in the density of noradrenergic axons which have an abnormal pattern of distribution in the atrophic cortex. The results suggest that the central noradrenergic neurons determine the number of axons to be formed early in brain development, but local factors in the terminal field regulate the ultimate distribution of the noradrenergic axons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnston, M V -- Grzanna, R -- Coyle, J T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 26;203(4378):369-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/cytology/*embryology ; Animals ; Azo Compounds/*pharmacology ; Brain/cytology/*embryology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cerebral Cortex/embryology/enzymology ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Methylazoxymethanol Acetate/*pharmacology ; Neural Pathways/embryology ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rats ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
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  • 54
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: When pyramidal tract axons are cut in the adult hamster, fibers degenerate in both anterograde and retrograde directions from the lesion. If the same operation is performed on infant hamsters, however, there is massive regrowth of the severed axons via a new brainstem pathway to their appropriate terminal sites in the medulla and spinal cord. In contrast to previous studies, these results suggest that axons in the mammalian central nervous system damaged early in life may regenerate in a functionally useful way.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalil, K -- Reh, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1158-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*physiology ; Axons/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain Stem/growth & development ; Cricetinae ; Functional Laterality ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Neural Pathways/growth & development ; Pyramidal Tracts/*growth & development ; Spinal Cord/growth & development
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: A variant of the MPC 11 cell line, M 311, produces a short immunoglobulin heavy chain. When compared with the parental gamma 2b heavy chain, M 311 was found to have a carboxyl terminal deletion comprising the CH3 domain. The COOH-terminal cyanogen bromide (CNBr) cleavage fragment of M 311 is identical to a corresponding segment ofa parental heavy chain CNBr fragment, with the exception of a substitution of asparagine for lysine at the COOH-terminal residue. This observation enabled prediction of both the parental DNA sequence in this region and the genetic mechanism which generated the variant, a frameshift followed by premature termination. This hypothesis is supported by studies of the DNA sequence of the MPC 11 gamma 2b constant region gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kenter, A L -- Birshtein, B K -- R21 AI106328/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1307-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/117550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Deletion ; Genes ; Immunoglobulin G/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains/genetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Melphalan/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Myeloma Proteins/*genetics ; Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics ; Peptide Chain Termination, Translational ; Plasmacytoma/genetics
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  • 56
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-19
    Description: A mixture of seven food dyes inhibited the accumulation of eight neurotransmitters or neurotransmitter precursors by rat brain homogenate. At a low concentration (1 microgram per milliliter), erythrosin B (FD&C red 3) was the only dye that inhibited dopamine accumulation. Erythrosin also was effective in decreasing the accumulation of all the other transmitter substances, suggesting that the inhibition is nonspecific and probably secondary to general membrane alteration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Logan, W J -- Swanson, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 19;206(4416):363-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell-Free System ; Depression, Chemical ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Erythrosine/adverse effects/*pharmacology ; Fluoresceins/*pharmacology ; Food Coloring Agents/adverse effects/*pharmacology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Rats ; Synapses/*drug effects
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Mouse spinal neurons grown in tissue culture were used to study the membrane effects of the benzodiazepine flurazepam and the naturally occurring purine nucleoside inosine, which competes for benzodiazepine receptor sites in the central nervous system. Application of inosine elicited two types of transmitter-like membrane effects: a rapidly desensitizing excitatory response and a nondesensitizing inhibitory response. Flurazepam produced a similar excitatory response which showed cross-desensitization with the purine excitation. Flurazepam also blocked the inhibitory inosine response. The results provide electrophysiological evidence that an endogenous purine can activate two different conductances on spinal neurons and that flurazepam can activate one of the conductances and antagonize the other.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacDonald, J F -- Barker, J L -- Paul, S M -- Marangos, P J -- Skolnick, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):715-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Electric Conductivity ; Flurazepam/antagonists & inhibitors ; Inosine/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Ligands ; Mice ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/*metabolism
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 1979-05-11
    Description: Differential spread of afterdischarge activity initiated electrically in ventral and dorsal parts of the hippocampal formation was studied by the [14C]deoxyglucose technique in rats. Afterdischarges initiated in either the ventral or dorsal hippocampal formation, without activation of the ventral subicular cortex, increased glucose utilization in the lateral septum. In contrast, afterdischarges initiated by direct activation of the ventral subicular cortex increased glucose utilization in extensive areas of the ipsilateral amygdala, claustrum, hypothalamus, preoptic region, and basal forebrain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kliot, M -- Poletti, C E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 11;204(4393):641-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432672" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Mapping ; Deoxy Sugars/*metabolism ; Deoxyglucose/*metabolism ; Diencephalon/metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Epilepsy/physiopathology ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Male ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Rats
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  • 59
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Radioimmunoassay and chromatography analyses of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) have demonstrated the presence of LHRH-like immunoreactive peptides in a wide range of vertebrates. Contrary to previous reports, the molecule differs in various vertebrates. Avian, reptilian, and teleostean LHRH's are chemically distinct from the mammalian peptide but are in themselves indistinguishable. However, amphibian LHRH appears to be identical to the mammalian peptide. These findings have interesting evolutionary implications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, J A -- Millar, R P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):67-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/384514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromatography ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*analysis/immunology ; Hypothalamus/analysis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 60
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knapka, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 29;204(4400):1367.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/582217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Feed/*analysis ; Animals ; Animals, Laboratory ; Hot Temperature ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Nitrosamines/analysis ; United States
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 1979-01-26
    Description: When rabbits are infected with Pasteurella multocida, the concentration of iron in their plasma decreases and their rectal temperature rises. To determine whether the rise in body temperature (fever) and the fall in plasma iron may be a coordinated host defense response, Pasteurella multocida were grown in vitro at various temperatures and iron concentrations. At afebrile temperatures the bacteria grew equally well at low or high concentrations of iron. However, when the temperature of the bath was raised to a febrile temperature the growth of the bacteria was inhibited by the low, but not the high, iron concentrations. These data support the hypothesis that one of the mechanisms behind the adaptive (or beneficial) role of fever is the reduced ability of pathogenic bacteria to grow well at elevated temperatures in an iron-poor medium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kluger, M J -- Rothenburg, B A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 26;203(4378):374-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760197" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Fever/blood/*physiopathology ; Iron/*blood ; Longevity ; Male ; Pasteurella/growth & development ; Pasteurella Infections/physiopathology ; Rabbits
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: Single islet cells in monolayer cultures of neonatal rat pancreas were microinjected with fluorescein and scanned topographically by microfluorometry. Fluorescein spread from an injected islet cell directly into neighboring islet cells, and, in the presence of 16.7 millimolar glucose, significantly more islet cells communicated with the injected cell than in glucose-free medium. Islet cells were also microinjected with glycolytic substrates and activators that produced transient changes in cellular levels of reduced pyridine nucleotides-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H]. Changes in NAD(P)H fluorescence were observed in islet cells incubated first for 18 hours in very low glucose concentrations and then in a glucose-free medium and injected with glycolytic substrates and activators; however, little change of fluorescence occurred in adjacent islet cells. In contrast, after adding 16.7 millimolar glucose to the medium, injection of glycolytic substrates and activators produced transient changes in NAD(P)H fluorescence in the injected cell and in neighboring cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kohen, E -- Kohen, C -- Thorell, B -- Mintz, D H -- Rabinovitch, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):862-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35828" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Communication/drug effects ; Fluoresceins ; Glucose/pharmacology ; Glycolysis ; Islets of Langerhans/cytology/*physiology ; Kinetics ; NAD/metabolism ; NADP/metabolism ; Rats ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence
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  • 63
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 19;206(4416):315-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/573497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cytoskeleton/physiology ; Embryology/*trends ; Forecasting ; Histones/metabolism ; Molecular Biology/trends
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  • 64
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):985-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/112680" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/physiopathology ; Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/*growth & development ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Preoptic Area/growth & development ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Sex Differentiation ; Testosterone/metabolism
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  • 65
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 24;205(4408):774-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/379998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; France ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Mice ; Psychotropic Drugs/*history/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Rats ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy ; United States
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  • 66
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-03-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 16;203(4385):1098-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Glucose/*metabolism ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus/*blood/drug therapy ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases/etiology ; Neural Conduction ; Sorbitol/adverse effects/metabolism
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  • 67
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-27
    Description: Oilbirds can navigate in total darkness by echolocation. The sound energy in their sonar cries is unevenly distributed over the range from about 1 to 15 kilohertz, with a dominant frequency range of 1.5 to 2.5 kilohertz. This corresponds to the most sensitive range of their hearing as determined by neurophysiological methods. Behavioral tests in their home cave indicate that the smallest object avoided by this is a disk 20 centimeters in diameter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Konishi, M -- Knudsen, E I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 27;204(4391):425-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/441731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birds/*physiology ; Echolocation/*physiology ; Orientation/*physiology ; Vocalization, Animal/physiology
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: In cats reared in the dark from birth until 4 months of age, the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus contained few normal Y cells in either the binocular or monocular segments. Although most of the neurons appeared to be normal X cells unaffected by light deprivation, many cells with abnormal receptive field and response charcteristics were encountered. These effects were permanent, since 1 to 2 years of normal visual experience following initial light deprivation did not lead to any functional recovery. The sizes of cell bodies in cats reared in the dark were similar to those of normal animals, an indication that changes in geniculate cell physiology need not be related to changes in cell size.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kratz, K E -- Sherman, S M -- Kalil, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1353-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Darkness ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology/growth & development ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Pathways/cytology/*growth & development
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Microfluorometric measurements of cerebral cortical mitochondrial respiration in vivo are obscured by hemodynamic and oximetric artifacts. Isosbestic fluorometry provides appropriate correction for these vascular phenomena and permits simultaneous evaluation of mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide redox state, microcirculatory volume, and hemoglobin oxygenation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kramer, R S -- Pearlstein, R D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):693-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/223243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Brain Chemistry ; Cerebral Cortex/*analysis ; Dogs ; Fluorometry/instrumentation/*methods ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Hypoxia, Brain/metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; NAD/*analysis/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/blood ; Rhodamines
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: By means of an approach that combined the techniques of somatic cell genetics and Mendelian breeding studies, the inducibility locus, designated Cv, for ecotropic murine leukemia virus in BALB/c mice, was mapped to chromosome 5, 23 units from the locus for phosphoglucomutase-1, with gene order Cv-Pgm-1-Gus. This low-efficiency inducibility locus is therefore not allelic with the chromosome 7 loci previously described for two other mouse strains with high virus inducibility. These studies provide further evidence that endogenous ecotropic viruses represent viral genomes inserted at different chromosomal sites in the various mouse strains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kozak, C A -- Rowe, W P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):69-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219475" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Genes, Viral ; Genetic Linkage ; Hybrid Cells/microbiology ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*microbiology ; Phosphoglucomutase/metabolism ; Virus Replication
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  • 71
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: When placed in a tank of water, aged rats (24 to 27 months old) showed marked impairments in swimming. Compared with young adult rats (3 to 4 months old), the older animals moved their limbs less vigorously and were less successful in keeping their heads above water. The young, but not old, rats maintained a position nearly horizontal to the water surface and planed across it. These movement dysfunctions of aged rats resemble those seen in young adult animals that have sustained injury to brain dopamine-containing neurons. The swimming impairments of the aged rats were reversed by the dopamine receptor stimulant apomorphine and by the biosynthetic precursor of dopamine, L-dopa. Thus, age-related alterations in brain dopaminergic systems may be responsible for some of the movement disturbances associated with senescence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, J F -- Berrios, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):477-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Apomorphine/therapeutic use ; Levodopa/therapeutic use ; Male ; Movement Disorders/drug therapy/*physiopathology ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/*physiology ; Swimming ; Time Factors
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  • 72
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):434-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Adrenergic Fibers/growth & development ; Animals ; Autonomic Nervous System/*growth & development ; Cell Communication ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholinergic Fibers/growth & development ; Nerve Growth Factors/physiology ; Neural Crest/cytology ; Neural Pathways/growth & development ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Synaptic Transmission
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  • 73
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Occluding junctions have been found between the lateral cell borders at the base of the rectum of Periplaneta americana. They appear as punctate membrane appositions in thin sections, and after incubation in physiological solutions containing lanthanum before fixation the inward penetration of tracer is impeded in this same basal area. Moreover, freeze-fracture studies of this region reveal simple linear ridges on fracture face P and grooves on fracture face E, which are similar to the less complex vertebrate tight junctions. The luminal clefts, which permit free inward diffusion of tracers, present no tight junctions, but do have septate junctions. These results support the contention that, contrary to earlier speculation, arthropods do possess tight junctions; these, rather than septate junctions, appear to form the morphological basis of at least some of the permeability barriers observed in invertebrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lane, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):91-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cockroaches/*ultrastructure ; Epithelium/physiology/ultrastructure ; Freeze Fracturing ; Intercellular Junctions/*ultrastructure ; Periplaneta/*ultrastructure ; Rectum/physiology/ultrastructure ; Species Specificity ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 1979-05-11
    Description: In rats, a single injection of clomiphene citrate (Clomid) during pregnancy causes multiple abnormalities of the reproductive tract in the offspring and mothers. These abnormalities probably result from the ability of Clomid to cause long-term estrogenic stimulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCormack, S -- Clark, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 11;204(4393):629-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432668" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*pathology ; Animals ; Clomiphene/*toxicity ; Fallopian Tubes/pathology ; Female ; Metaplasia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats ; Uterine Diseases/chemically induced/pathology ; Vaginal Diseases/chemically induced
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  • 75
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: High-resolution autoradiography and fine structural analysis of adult newt heart tissue in long-term culture revealed that tritiated thymidine was concentrated in the nuclei of dedifferentiated myocardial cells. Mitotic chromosomes were observed in some of these cells. This demonstrates that adult amphibian myocardial cells in vitro are capable of DNA synthesis and mitosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nag, A C -- Healy, C J -- Cheng, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1281-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472744" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; *Mitosis ; Muscle Proteins/metabolism ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Salamandridae ; Time Factors
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  • 76
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-24
    Description: An abnormal, ipsilateral projection was formed by deflecting optic fibers that normally innervate the posterior part of one tectum into the anterior end of the opposite tectum. When anterior recipient tectum was simultaneously denervate, the deflected fibers formed a retinotopic map in this region that was reversed with respect to the anterior-posterior tectal axis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meyer, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 24;205(4408):819-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462191" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Goldfish ; Optic Nerve/*physiology ; Retina/*innervation ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology ; Visual Pathways/*physiology
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  • 77
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: The tertiary structures of all liganded hemoglobins in the R state differ in detail. Steric hindrance arising from nonbonded ligand-globin interactions affects the binding of ligands such as CO and cyanide which preferentially form linear axial complexes to heme; these ligands bind in a strained off-axis configuration. Ligands such as O2 and NO, which preferentially form bent complexes, encounter less steric hindrance and can bind in their (preferred) unstrained configuration. Linear complexes distort the ligand pockets in the R state (and by inference, in the T state) more than bent complexes. These structural differences between linear and bent complexes are reflected in the kinetic behavior of hemoglobin. Structural interpretation of this kinetic behavior indicates that the relative contributions of nonbonded ligand-globin interactions and nonbonded heme interactions to transition state free energies differ for linear and bent ligands. The relative contributions of these interactions to the free energy of cooperativity may also differ for linear and bent ligands. Thus the detailed molecular mechanism by which the affinity of heme is regulated differs for different ligands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moffat, K -- Deatherage, J F -- Seybert, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1035-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Animals ; Heme/*metabolism ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Horses ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Oxyhemoglobins/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 78
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morton, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 1;204(4396):909.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/441746" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Esophageal Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Humans ; Tannins/*adverse effects ; Tea/*adverse effects
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  • 79
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: We have developed a method that permits analysis of neovascular responses in the mouse cornea. Using this method we have demonstrated that both allogeneic lymphocytes and a variety of tumors can induce angiogenesis, but that only the latter appear capable of eliciting secondary capillary sprouting.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muthukkaruppan, V -- Auerbach, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1416-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cornea/*blood supply ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Microcirculation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*blood supply
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  • 80
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-07-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Macklin, A W -- Welch, R M -- Cuatrecasas, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):144, 146, 148.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451584" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinogens ; Liver Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Phenacetin/*adverse effects/standards ; Rats
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  • 81
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: By using two separate electrodes with tips inside a single feline motoneuron, current-voltage characteristics were studied during extracellular iontophoresis of noradrenaline. The usually observed hyperpolarization was accompanied by an increase in membrane resistance and became larger with polarizing and smaller with depolarizing currents. During large depolarizing current injections, the noradrenaline-induced potential reversed its direction, usually at a membrane potential of about -20 millivolts. These data are compatible with the concept that noradrenaline hyperpolarizes nerve cells by decreasing resting membrane conductances to sodium and potassium ions. The observation could also be explained by a nonspecific decrease in ion permeability that is associated with a hyperpolarization due to sodium pump activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, K C -- Engberg, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):422-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Norepinephrine/*pharmacology ; Potassium/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/drug effects/*physiology
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  • 82
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: An adenylate cyclase activated as much as 25-fold by low concentrations of octopamine has been identified in the firefly lantern. The relative potency of octopamine and various other amines in stimulating this enzyme, and effects of antagonists in blocking octopamine activation, correlate well with the known effects of these agents in affecting light production. In addition to suggesting a role for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (or pyrophosphate) in the neural control of firefly flashing, identification of this potent enzyme should facilitate the characterization of phenylethylamine receptors in excitable tissue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathanson, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):65-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Beetles/*physiology ; Catecholamines/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/*biosynthesis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Kinetics ; Octopamine/*pharmacology ; Phentolamine/pharmacology ; Propranolol/pharmacology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 83
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: The principal reactions described in Guthrie and Horton's classic learning monograph appear to have been caused by the mere presence of the experimenters. Neither escape nor food reinforcement is necessary for the establishment of such responses. They are species-typical "greeting" reactions, readily elicited by the sight of human observers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, B R -- Stuttard, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1031-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Cats/*physiology ; Conditioning, Operant/physiology ; Humans ; Stereotyped Behavior/physiology
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: When the visual cortex of a newborn kitten is removed, most neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus degenerate, but a small population of large cells is spared. Electrophysiological recording revealed that detailed visual topography in the nucleus is abnormal and that single cells have unusually large receptive fields. These results suggest that optic axons deprived of their normal synaptic targets rearrange their connections to converge on local surviving neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, E H -- Kalil, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):713-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology ; Nerve Degeneration ; Visual Cortex/*cytology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology/growth & development
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  • 85
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: During development of the embryonic chick limb the skeletal pattern is laid out as cartilaginous primordia, which emerge in a proximodistal sequence over a period of 4 days. The differentiation of cartilage is preceded by changes in cellular contacts at specific locations in the precartilage mesenchyme. Under realistic assumptions, the biosynthesis and diffusion through the extracellular matrix of a cell surface protein, such as fibronectin, will lead to spatial patterns of this molecule that could be the basis of the emergent primordia. As cellular differentiation proceeds, the size of the mesenchymal diffusion chamber is reduced in descrete steps, leading to sequential reorganizations of the morphogen pattern. The successive patterns correspond to observed rows of skeletal elements, whose emergence, in theory and in practice, depends on the maintenance of a unique boundary condition at the limb bud apex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newman, S A -- Frisch, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):662-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462174" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone and Bones/*embryology ; Cell Differentiation ; Chick Embryo ; Diffusion ; Extremities/*embryology ; Growth Substances/physiology ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Models, Biological ; Muscles/embryology ; Mutation ; Wings, Animal/*embryology
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  • 86
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Rats were exposed to sodium nitrite in food or water at concentrations of 0, 250, 1000, and 2000 parts per million. Lymphoma was increased in all groups fed nitrite; the overall combined incidence was 5.4 percent in 573 control rats and 10.2 percent in 1383 treated rats. The mechanism of cancer induction did not appear to be through the formation of nitrosamines but through a more direct effect of nitrite on the lymphocyte.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newberne, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1079-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Lymphocytes/drug effects ; Lymphoma/*chemically induced ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; *Nitrites/pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 87
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Mice with the mutant gene tottering (tg, chromosome 8, autosomal recessive) show, in adolescence, abnormal bursts of bilaterally synchronous spike waves as revealed in electrocorticograms recorded over long periods. The spike waves are accompanied by behavioral "absence" attacks and intermittent focal motor seizures showing somatotopic progression. Cerebral metabolic activity during seizures was assayed by autoradiography of brain sections from mice injected intravenously with 14C-labeled 2-deoxyglucose. Metabolic activity was increased bilaterally in selected brainstem structures. Spontaneous electrocorticographic and clinical seizures of this general pattern were recognized hitherto only in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Noebels, J L -- Sidman, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1334-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Brain/growth & development/physiopathology ; Electrocardiography ; Epilepsy/*genetics/physiopathology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants/genetics/*physiology ; Neural Pathways/physiopathology ; Seizures/physiopathology ; Stereotyped Behavior/*physiology
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  • 88
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: Male Anopheles mosquitoes erect their antennal hairs prior to mating. The erectile mechanism resides in a unique annulus at the base of each hair whorl. It appears that the insect regulates the degree of hydration of this annulus. When the annulus is made to swell the attached hairs are pushed to their erect position.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nijhout, H F -- Sheffield, H G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):595-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Hair/physiology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Microvilli/physiology ; Movement ; Proteins/physiology ; Water
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  • 89
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nottebohm, F -- Arnold, A P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):769.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493981" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birds/*anatomy & histology ; Brain/*anatomy & histology ; Sex Differentiation ; Telencephalon/anatomy & histology
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: The sodium-selective ligand 1,1,1-tris[1(1)-(2(1)-oxa-4(1)-oxo-5(1)-aza-5(1)-methyl)dodecanyl]propane dissolved in 3-nitro-o-xylene containing a small amount of the lipophilic anion tetrachlorophenyl borate was used as a liquid ion-exchanger in sodium-selective microelectrodes. The microelectrodes gave rapid, stable responses that were linear functions of the logarithm of sodium activity. They were tested under conditions approximating those to be expected in the cell interior, and the results indicated that they can be used to measure intracellular sodium activity without significant interference from intracellular potassium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Doherty, J -- Garcia-Diaz, J F -- Armstrong, W M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1349-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytoplasm/*analysis ; Intestinal Mucosa/analysis ; Ionophores ; Ligands ; *Microelectrodes ; Potassium/analysis ; Sodium/*analysis ; Urodela
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  • 91
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: Echolocating bats determine distance to targets by the time delay between their emitted biosonar pulses and the returning echoes. By varying the delay between synthetic pulses and echoes in stimulus pairs at various repetition rates and durations, neurons have been found in the auditory cortex of the mustache bat (Pteronotus parnellii rubiginosus) which are sensitive to target range during the search, approach, and terminal phases of prey capture or landing. Two classes of range-sensitive neurons were found: (i) tracking neurons, whose best delay for response to an echo following the emitted pulse becomes shorter and narrower as the bat closes in on the target, and (ii) range-tuned neurons, whose best delay is constant, and which respond to the target only when it is within a certain narrow fixed range. Range-tuned neurons are specialized for processing echoes only during a particular period of the search, approach, or terminal phases of echolocation, and they provide support for a theory of ranging in bats that incorporates groups of neurons with a spectrum of preferred echo delays to detect target distance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Neill, W E -- Suga, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):69-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/758681" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Auditory Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Chiroptera/*physiology ; Doppler Effect ; Echolocation/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Orientation/*physiology
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: Separate perfusions of canine coronary arteries with colored silicone-rubber compound reveal that in the region where two microcirculations abut, capillaries derived from individual large vessels are discrete, with no interconnections. Terminal homologous capillaries from loops rather than anastomosing with heterologous capillaries. This anatomic arrangement may account for discrete myocardial infarctions without ischemic border zones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Okun, E M -- Factor, S M -- Kirk, E S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):565-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493960" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Coronary Circulation ; Coronary Vessels/*anatomy & histology ; Dogs ; Microcirculation ; Myocardial Infarction/*pathology
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 1979-02-16
    Description: Exposure of conjugating Tetrahymena to a hyperosmotic shock blocks the exchange of gametic nuclei and produces self-fertilized exconjugants that are homozygous for their whole genome. Cells are sensitive to this induction during a brief period after meiosis. The high efficiency of the treatment and the fertility of the progeny make this a useful method for the isolation of induced recessive mutations and enhances the value of Tetrahymena as an animal-cell model system in which genetic dissection is practical. The sharp peak of sensitivity is useful in the study of those cellular mechanisms responsible for the independent handling of several functionally distinct nuclei during conjugation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Orias, E -- Hamilton, E P -- Flacks, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 16;203(4381):660-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Conjugation, Genetic ; Genes, Recessive ; Homozygote ; Mutation ; Osmotic Pressure ; Tetrahymena/*genetics
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  • 94
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Echolocating bats (Eptesicus fuscus) can detect changes as small as 500 nanoseconds in the arrival time of sonar echoes when these changes appear as jitter or alternations in arrival time from one echo to the next. The psychophysical function relating the bat's performance to the magnitude of the jitter corresponds to the half-wave rectified cross-correlation function between the emitted sonar signals and the echoes. The bat perceives the phase or period structure of the sounds, which cover the 25- to 100-kilohertz frequency range, as these are represented in the auditory system after peripheral transformation. The acoustic image of a sonar target is apparently derived from time-domain or periodicity information processing by the nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simmons, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1336-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Chiroptera/*physiology ; Echolocation/*physiology ; Movement ; Orientation/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 95
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-10
    Description: A competitive inhibitor of colchicine binding to tubulin has been found in rat brain. Most of the inhibitor is associated with microsomes but some inhibitor, with an apparent molecular weight of approximately 250,000, is found in the cytosol. Both the microsomal and cytosol inhibitors are heat- and trypsin-sensitive, indicating that a protein moiety is required for activity. The microsomes bind tubulin directly; the microsomal and cytosol fractions both inhibit microtubule assembly in vitro. The inhibitor may function in the living cell to bind and sequester non-polymerized tubulin. Regulation of tubulin attachment to microsomes could then control the concentration of cytosolic tubulin available for microtubule assembly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sherline, P -- Schiavone, K -- Brocato, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 10;205(4406):593-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451622" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Colchicine/*metabolism ; Cytosol/physiology ; Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/metabolism ; Microtubules/ultrastructure ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*physiology ; Protein Binding/drug effects ; Rats ; Tubulin/*metabolism
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  • 96
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shubik, P -- Clayson, D B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 24;205(4408):746, 748.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogens ; *Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 1979-07-13
    Description: Two different ultrastructural alterations were observed in liver cells of chimpanzees inoculated with plasma derived from two different patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis. During the acute phase of illness in one group of four chimpanzees, peculiar tubular structures, composed of two unit membranes with electron-opaque material in between, were observed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. In contrast, these structures were never detected in the liver cells of the second group of five chimpanzees that received the second inoculum, However, nuclear changes, usually associated with aggregates of 20- to 27-nanometer particles, were found in hepatocytes of the latter animals. Although these particles resembled viruses, they were not as uniform as small virus particles often appear. In five other chimpanzees inoculated with non-A, non-B hepatitis material not known to be related to the first two inocula, cytoplasmic structures were found in four, and nuclear structures were found in the remaining one. Thus, all 14 chimpanzees inoculated with transmissible non-A, non-B hepatitis agents could be classified as having either nuclear or cytoplasmic changes. These observations add support to epidemiologic data suggesting that there may be more than one agent of non-A, non-B hepatitis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shimizu, Y K -- Feinstone, S M -- Purcell, R H -- Alter, H J -- London, W T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):197-200.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure ; Cytoplasm/ultrastructure ; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/*microbiology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/*microbiology ; Inclusion Bodies, Viral/ultrastructure ; Liver/microbiology/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Pan troglodytes
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 1979-03-09
    Description: The restriction enzymes Hpa II and Msp I both recognize the sequence 5'-CCGG (C, cytosine; G, guanine). However, Hpa II cuts mouse liver DNA to fragments four times larger than does Msp I. The size of DNA cut by Msp I is close to that predicted from base composition and nearest neighbor analysis. The most probable explanation of these results is that in mouse the site 5'-CCGG is highly methylated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Singer, J -- Roberts-Ems, J -- Riggs, A D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 9;203(4384):1019-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424726" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase/metabolism ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Methylation ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Substrate Specificity
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  • 99
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Rats were trained to discriminate drug from no-drug conditions in a two-lever operant task. Moderately high dosages were used initially. Whenever the discrimination was learned, training was continued with progressively reduced dosages. Eventually the rats discriminated extremely low doses of phenobarbital, chlordiazepoxide, cyclazocine, and fentanyl.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Overton, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):720-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chlordiazepoxide/pharmacology ; Cyclazocine/pharmacology ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fentanyl/pharmacology ; *Pharmacology ; Phenobarbital/pharmacology ; Rats ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide/pharmacology
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  • 100
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1287-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Assay/methods ; *Carcinogens ; Legislation as Topic ; Mice ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Design/standards ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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