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  • stability
  • Springer  (32)
  • Wiley-Blackwell
  • MDPI Publishing
  • 1980-1984  (32)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    D-stability and Kaps-Rentrop-methods (1984)
    Springer
    Computing 32 (1984), S. 229-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: 65L05 ; 65L07 ; Stiff system ; Rosenbroek method ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit wird die Stabilität des Kaps-Rentrop-Verfahrens in die Anwesenheit nichtlinearer Steifheit (Stiffness) analysiert. Dazu werden mittels eines einfachen Modells zwei Größen introduziert. Die Werte dieser Größen reflektieren gewissermaßen das Verhalten eines Kaps-Rentrop-Verfahrens in die Anwesenheit einer bestimmten Kopplung zwischen die beiden Komponenten in das steife System gewöhnlicher Differentialgleichungen. Einige numerische Beispiele veranschaulichen die Analyse.
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we give an analysis of the effect of stiff nonlinearities on the behavior of a Kaps-Rentrop method. To that end we introduce two quantities related to a simple model. The values of these quantities determine to some extent the behavior of a Kaps-Rentrop method in case of a strong coupling between the smooth component and the transient one. Numerical examples illustrate the theoretical results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02243574
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  • 2
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    Stochastic scheduling problems I — General strategies (1984)
    Springer
    Mathematical methods of operations research 28 (1984), S. 193-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5217
    Keywords: Analytic behaviour of strategies ; continuous strategies ; ES strategies ; MES strategies ; machine idleness ; monotonicity behaviour ; optimal strategies ; preselectivity ; regular measure of performance ; scheduling problems ; stability ; stochastic dynamic optimization ; stochastically ordered distributions ; stochastic scheduling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The paper contains an introduction to recent developments in the theory of non-preemptive stochastic scheduling problems. The topics covered are: arbitrary joint distributions of activity durations, arbitrary regular measures of performance and arbitrary precedence and resource constraints. The possible instability of the problem is demonstrated and hints are given on stable classes of strategies available, including the combinatorial vs. analytical characterization of such classes. Given this background, the main emphasis of the paper is on the monotonicity behaviour of the model and on the existence of optimal strategies. Existing results are presented and generalized, in particular w.r.t. the cases of lower semicontinuous performance measures or joint duration distributions having a Lebesgue density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01919323
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  • 3
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    Predator-prey relationships: Indiscriminate predation (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 21 (1984), S. 25-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Predator-prey ; density dependence ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The Gurtin and Levine model5 is studied in this paper under the assumption that the fecundity of prey depends on age as well as on the total population sizes of prey and predators. The purpose of this study is to see the effect of this density dependence on the stability criteria for the equilibria of the model equations. It is shown that there are cases when, due to density dependence, the model which is originally neutrally stable becomes stable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00275220
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  • 4
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    Existence and stability of equilibria in age-structured population dynamics (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 20 (1984), S. 259-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Age-structured population dynamics ; equilibria ; stability ; bifurcation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The existence of positive equilibrium solutions of the McKendrick equations for the dynamics of an age-structured population is studied as a bifurcation phenomenon using the inherent net reproductive rate n as a bifurcation parameter. The local existence and uniqueness of a branch of positive equilibria which bifurcates from the trivial (identically zero) solution at the critical value n=1 are proved by implicit function techniques under very mild smoothness conditions on the death and fertility rates as functional of age and population density. This first requires the development of a suitable linear theory. The lowest order terms in the Liapunov-Schmidt expansions are also calculated. This local analysis supplements earlier global bifurcation results of the author. The stability of both the trivial and the positive branch equilibria is studied by means of the principle of linearized stability. It is shown that in general the trivial solution losses stability as n increases through one while the stability of the branch solution is stable if and only if the bifurcation is supercritical. Thus the McKendrick equations exhibit, in the latter case, a standard exchange of stability with regard to equilibrium states as they depend on the inherent net reproductive rate. The derived lower order terms in the Liapunov-Schmidt expansions yield formulas which explicitly relate the direction of bifurcation to properties of the age-specific death and fertility rates as functionals of population density. Analytical and numerical results for some examples are given which illustrate these results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00275988
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  • 5
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    Stability analysis over seasons and locations of multilines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 489-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; multilines ; recurrent parents ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Three multilines each of Kalyansona and PV 18 varieties of wheat were compared for their stability of yield and agronomic characters and disease resistance against the respective recurrent parents. The experiments were conducted for four years at nine locations. The multilines had more tillers and bolder seeds than the recurrent parents. There were, however, no differences for plant height, ear length and number of spikelets per spike. The genotypes x years x locations interaction was much more important than genotypes x years or genotypes x locations interaction as well as the main effects for genotypes. It is suggested that the number of test locations should be increased while decreasing the number of years. The stability parameters indicated that the multilines had a higher mean yield in the case of Kalyansona multilines whereas the yield of multilines of PV 18 was not significantly inferior to that of the recurrent parent. The regression coefficients were very close to unity except for KSML 3 (b=1.132). The deviations from regression were much larger for the multilines than for the recurrent parents. For rust resistance the multilines were superior over the varieties Kalyansona and PV 18.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021149
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  • 6
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    The response of a harpacticoid copepod community to sediment disturbance in a semi-enclosed lagoon (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 118 (1984), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: meiofauna ; Harpacticoida ; eutrophication ; stability ; colonisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The harpacticoid fauna of a sandy sediment in the Sluice Dock of Ostend, Belgium, was dominated by a single species, Canuella perplexa, that attained an average annual density of over 400 ind. 10 cm−2 in 1976 and 1977, whereas other species had a total mean density of less than 10 ind. 10 cm−2. In the summer of 1979 a dystrophic crisis with abundant growth of Ulva occurred and in March 1980 the lagoon was drained. After refilling of the lagoon, the sediment was immediately colonized by good swimming harpacticoids, that attained densities of 200 ind. 10 cm−2. Three months after refilling Canuella perplexa reappeared and the system returned to its original state within one month.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00031795
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  • 7
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    Difference schemes for the dispersive equation (1983)
    Springer
    Computing 31 (1983), S. 261-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: 65M10 ; Dispersive equation ; finite difference ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung von Differenzenverfahren für die Dispersionsgleichungu 1=au xxx. Es werden Kriterien zur Herleitung von Stabilitätsbedingungen für Differenzenverfahren angegeben und auf die angegebenen Differenzenverfahren angewendet.
    Notes: Abstract In this paper a table of difference schemes for the dispersive equationu i=au xxx is presented. A collection of criterions for deriving stability conditions of difference schemes is given and applied to these difference schemes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02263436
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  • 8
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    Progressive contextualization: Methods for research in human ecology (1983)
    Springer
    Human ecology 11 (1983), S. 265-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: human ecology research methods ; systems analyses ; people-forest interactions ; flux ; stability ; Man and the Biosphere (MAB) program ; Kalimantan (Borneo)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract Theoretically or practically significant research results concerning transitory as well as persistent phenomena can be obtained by human ecologists while avoiding commitment to long-term, expensive projects, rigid frameworks, traditional disciplinary goals, and unwarranted assumptions about the stability and purposiveness of units or systems. The procedures to be followed, as illustrated by research on people-forest interactions in East Kalimantan, involve a focus on significant human activities or people-environment interactions and the explanation of these by their placement within progressively wider or denser contexts. Guides for progressively contextualizing activities or interactions include a rationality principle, comparative knowledge of contexts, and the principle of pursuing the surprising.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00891376
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  • 9
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    Rheology of coal suspensions (1983)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 22 (1983), S. 500-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Coal suspension ; shear dependence ; solid phase concentration ; dispersing medium ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Proper design of operations encountered in preparation, transport and employment of suspensions like coal slurries and coal-oil mixtures require an accurate knowledge of their rheological behaviour. Such concentrated suspensions generally exhibit non-Newtonian behaviour (shearthinning) which is more pronounced at higher coal concentrations. The nature of the dispersing medium influences the aggregation state of the disperse phase and, consequently, affects the stability and the rheology of the systems. In the present paper coal suspensions prepared with different dispersing media and covering a wide range in solid phase concentration are studied, by using a rotational coaxial cylinders viscometer. Different models have been taken into consideration for correlating experimental data. In particular, in order to describe the dependence of viscosity on shear rate and solid phase concentration, the suitability of the model suggested by Smith and Bruce is evaluated. Accordingly, the aggregation state of the disperse phase as well as its dependence on shear rate and dispersing medium can be estimated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01462937
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  • 10
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    Three-dimensional disturbances of planar viscometric flow (1983)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 22 (1983), S. 284-290 
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    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Viscometric flow ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines three-dimensional disturbances of a plane steady shear flow of simple fluids with short memory. Under the assumption of nearly-viscometric flow, constitutive equations are derived and then a general form of the Reynolds-Orr energy equation is obtained. With the aid of this derived energy formula, sufficient conditions are generated for the stability of three-dimensional disturbances of the planar viscometric flow. These conditions are analysed and a comparison is made with the corresponding two-dimensional stability problem. There is a strong indication that the basic flow is less stable against three-dimensional disturbances than against two-dimensional ones.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01359128
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  • 11
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    A comparative study of the sessile, filter-feeding ciliates of several small streams (1983)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 98 (1983), S. 125-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: peritrichs ; ciliates ; streams ; aufwuchs ; stability ; diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Artificial substrates, consisting of strips of nylon cloth, were used to sample sessile, filter-feeding ciliates at eleven stream sites. These ciliates were common (61 % of samples) and frequently abundant (mean = 95 cm−2). Populations varied widely, even within stream sites, and mean abundance was not related to subjective assessments of the sites. Permanent rural streams and streams below reservoirs, which have relatively stable flow regimes, had a peritrich fauna dominated byVorticella campanula along withCarchesium polypinum andV. striata. Urban and intermittent streams, with less stable flow regimes, showed an increasing number of peritrichs with non-contractile stalks, particularlyEpistylis plicatilis. The commonness and diversity of peritrichs was positively related to aufwuchs stability.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185630
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  • 12
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    Conflict dissolution by reframing game payoffs using linear perturbations (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 39 (1983), S. 187-214 
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    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Self-interest maximization ; self-interest stable solutions ; self-interest cooperative games ; self-interest noncooperative games ; monotonic games ; decomposition theory ; reframing game payoffs ; full cooperation ; targeted solutions ; Pareto optimality ; collective group interest ; stability ; structural departure ; incentives for adopting a new game ; habitual domain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Human beings have a prevailing drive to achieve their self-interest goals or equilibrium states, which may subsume their social interests. An ideal working environment or cooperative game situation would be one in which each participant or player maximizes his/her own interest while maximizing his/her contribution to the collective group interest. This paper addresses the feasibility, methods, and bounds for reframing a generaln-person game into an ideal game in which full cooperation or a targeted solution can be induced and maintained by the players' self-interest maximization. Criteria for good reframing are introduced. Monotonic games, self-interest cooperative and noncooperative games, and a decomposition theory of general games are also introduced to facilitate the study. It is shown that everyn-person game can be written as the sum of a self-interest cooperative game and a self-interest noncooperative game. Everyn-person game can be reframed so that full cooperation can be achieved by the players' self-interest maximization. Everyn-person game can be reframed so that a targeted solution can be obtained and maintained through the players' self-interest maximization.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934528
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  • 13
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    Stability of compromise solution in multicriteria decision-making problems (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 40 (1983), S. 77-83 
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    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Parameterized decision-making problems ; utopia point ; compromise solutions ; Hausdorff distance ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Stability is a desirable attribute of the nondominated solution in the decision-making problem with multiple noncommensurable objectives. It is assumed that the decision space is given by a system of inequalitiesG(x)≤b, b ∈ R N . In this paper, sufficient conditions are determined for a compromise solution to be stable with respect to the changes ofb.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934632
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  • 14
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    Method of reduction in convex programming (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 40 (1983), S. 349-378 
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    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Convexity ; subdifferentials ; cones of directions of constancy ; equality set of constraints ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We present an algorithm which solves a convex program with faithfully convex (not necessarily differentiable) constraints. While finding a feasible starting point, the algorithm reduces the program to an equivalent program for which Slater's condition is satisfied. Included are algorithms for calculating various objects which have recently appeared in the literature. Stability of the algorithm is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00933505
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  • 15
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    Time separation technique for large databases (1983)
    Springer
    International journal of parallel programming 12 (1983), S. 193-209 
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    ISSN: 1573-7640
    Keywords: Database ; characteristic frequency ; aggregated model ; decomposition ; stability ; dynamic distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract A time decomposition technique is suggested for large-database (DB) models. The problem of network aggregation is studied and the results used to create a meaningful decomposed model. Decomposition conditions and assumptions are discussed and illustrated by examples. A practical operating schedule is presented for the time-separated DB model. The schedule uses a sequence of decomposed models, which are to be constructed recursively. The application of the time separation technique for large-DB models is presented in the form of a closed-loop algorithm. The problem of decomposition stability with respect to variations in time constants is considered as well. Two alternative approaches to the problem are suggested. For a probabilistic approach, practical approximate formulas are obtained for subsystem time constants and recommendations are made with respect to the decomposition structure. An approximate performance analysis is done for both standard and time-decomposed models. A comparison of the results is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00995891
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  • 16
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    The pharmacokinetics of furazlocillin in healthy humans (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 11 (1983), S. 5-30 
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    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: furazlocillin acylureido penicillin ; stability ; microbiological ; high pressure liquid chromatography assays ; red cell partitioning ; plasma protein binding ; healthy humans ; posture independent ; dose dependent pharmacokinetics of disposition ; pharmacokinetics of the penicilloic acid derivative
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The pharmacokinetics of the novel acylureidopenicillin furazlocillin, 6-[D-2-(3-furfurylidenamino-2-oxo-imidazolidine-1-carboxamido)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-acetamido]-penicillanic acid and of its penicilloic acid derivative were investigated in five healthy male volunteers after intravenous administration of 2 and 4 g dosages. The volunteers were either in a lying or sitting position throughout the duration of the studies. The concentrations of the drug in plasma and urine were measured by two different methods in parallel: a microbiological assay and a newly developed high pressure liquid chromatography method. The latter method was also applicable for quantitation of the penicilloic acid derivative in these biological fluids. The drug's plasma protein binding (66%) and apparent red cell-plasma partition coefficient (0.055) were concentration independent. The pharmacokinetics of the drug were first order only at the lower dose level The apparent half lives of three distinguishable phases were, respectively, 4 $$(t_{1/2_1 } )$$ , 18 $$(t_{1/2_2 } )$$ , and 64 $$(t_{1/2_z } )$$ .
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061765
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  • 17
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    Thermo-elasticity of networks (1982)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 260 (1982), S. 895-910 
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    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: networks ; thermo-elasticity ; van der Waals equation of state ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Molecular networks may be considered as elastic fluids the conformational abilities of which are adequately characterized with the aid of the model of a van der Waals conformational gas with weak interactions. The internal properties are submitted to the conditions of internal equilibrium, thus, having their changes uniquely related to the global transformations of the network upon deformation. These global properties are at least determining the limits of stability which are expressed in the van der Waals approach by formulating of a reduced equation of state of real networks. It will be discussed on hand of thermo-elastic measurements and its quantitative description what is in need for a full and self-containing phenomenological description of molecular networks.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01413126
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  • 18
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    Behaviour of double emulsions in shear flows (1982)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 21 (1982), S. 593-597 
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    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Shear deformation ; stability ; heterogeneous drop ; liquid membrane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The stability behaviour of heterogeneous drops indicates that, for liquid-liquid dispersions, we may have to modify the stability criterion to incorporate either the rheological characteristics of the dispersion or its cohesion or both.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01534355
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  • 19
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    The stability of induced compact mutant clones of Bramley's Seedling apple (1982)
    Springer
    Euphytica 31 (1982), S. 451-459 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Malus ; apple ; gamma radiation ; mutants ; compact clones ; stability ; chimaera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Twelve selected, compact, clones of Bramley's Seedling induced by gamma radiation treatment were checked for stability. Representative trees were used as vegetative parents for large scale multiplication, and further buds were treated with gamma radiation to disrupt the structure of their meristems. The results indicate that seven of the clones are as stable as the original cultivar, and therefore probably homohistont, containing only cells with compact mutant genotype. The other five clones proved to be unstable and gave rise to a large proportion of apparently normal trees. It is hypothesized that in these clones the L1 (epidermis) consists of normal unchanged tissue, while the bulk of the plant tissue layers are of mutant cells, i.e. that they are periclinal chimaeras with the genotypes of the different cell layers coded for different growth forms.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021662
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  • 20
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    Evolutionarily persistent and evolutionarily stable strategies in plant pathosystems (1982)
    Springer
    Euphytica 31 (1982), S. 837-845 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Evolutionarily persistent strategies ; evolutionarily stable strategies ; expansive energy ; game theory ; gene-for-gene game ; gene-for-gene relationship ; group selection ; pathosystem fitness ; persistence ; plant pathosystems ; resilience ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Using gene-for-gene relationships as a basis for comparison, I show that Robinson's (1979, 1980) concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy, or ESS for short, is very different from the original definition of Maynard Smith & Price (1973) and, in fact, contradicts it in a number of important respects. The notion of an evolutionarily persistent strategy, or EPS for short, is introduced to clarify these differences and to reduce the potential for confusion in the future. The EPS concept is developed in terms of Holling's (1973) concept of resilience and Van Valen's (1976) notion of expansive energy. The combination of an ESS (sensu Maynard Smith & Price, 1973) and an EPS is offered as an alternative to Robinson's (1979, 1980) ESS concept. Robinson's recommendations for a holistic approach to plant pathosystem management are supported.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039224
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  • 21
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    Ising-like field theory (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 25 (1981), S. 143-152 
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    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Ising model ; field theory model ; stability ; pressure ; ultraviolet divergence ; infrared divergence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A field theory model onR 2 in which the basic fields are Ising spins instead of Gaussian spins is examined. Using statistical mechanics techniques we discuss the ultraviolet and the infrared problems. In particular we discuss a technique yielding the asymptotic expansion in λ of the ground state energy, as λ→0, without using the cluster expansion.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01008483
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  • 22
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    Agricultural resource use in an andean coastal ecosystem (1981)
    Springer
    Human ecology 9 (1981), S. 47-78 
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    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: variation ; management ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract Five concurrent systems of agricultural resource management in the Viru Valley in Peru's arid northern coastal plain are discussed as adjustments to microenvironmental variations in soil humidity. Widespread dependence on canal irrigation in an environment characterized by uncertainty in the availability of river water affects the agrarian population in several ways. The upper socioeconomic class has adapted to uncertainty by implementing a deviation-counteracting mechanism (tubular wells) that provides water on demand, giving them flexibility in choice of agricultural activities. Another class of farmers is unable to introduce this mechanism, however, and consequently must depend on a repertoire of inflexible decisions to cope with uncertainty. Each group exploits different opportunity costs to increase economic gain. One pattern provides for expansion, whereas the other at best establishes stability and maintenance. Noncanal techniques permit expansion of cultivation in conditions where canal irrigation is not feasible, thereby improving the overall level of effectiveness of resource use. Alternative techniques do not involve regulatory mechanisms nor do they require complex, interlocking social, economic, and political components. Their presence and persistence in the agricultural system provide variation that may ultimately be amplified as the need to intensify resource exploitation increases in the future.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00887855
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  • 23
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    Decentralized control with overlapping information sets (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 34 (1981), S. 279-310 
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    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Decentralized control ; overlapping decompositions ; suboptimality ; stability ; interconnected power systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A decentralized control scheme is proposed for linear systems composed of overlapping subsystems. By expanding the state space of the system, a higher-dimensional space is formed where the subsystems appear as disjoint. In the expanded space, standard optimization techniques can be used to formulate a suboptimal decentralized control law for the overall system. A suitable contraction of the obtained control law, which is compatible with the information constraints imposed by the overlapping subsystems, can be implemented in the original system. The application of the proposed decentralized control scheme is illustrated using a 19th order model for load-frequency control of a two-area interconnected power system.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935477
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    Duality for nonlinear multiple-criteria optimization problems (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 35 (1981), S. 367-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Multiple-criteria decision making ; vector-valued duality ; saddle-point duality ; Kuhn-Tucker conditions ; Pareto optimality ; stability ; efficient points
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we develop a duality theory for nonlinear multiple-criteria optimization problems. The theory associates to efficient points a matrix, rather than a vector, of dual variables. We introduce a saddle-point dual problem, study stability concepts and Kuhn-Tucker conditions, and provide an economic interpretation of the dual matrix. The results are compared to the classical approach of deriving duality, by applying nonlinear programming duality theory to a problem obtained by conveniently weighting the criteria. Possible directions for future research are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934908
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    Contour of complete nonuniqueness as a method of structural optimization with stability constraints (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 35 (1981), S. 23-30 
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    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Contour of complete nonuniqueness ; trusses ; stability ; structural optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper develops the concept of a contour of complete nonuniqueness and shows its application to the optimal design (optimal layout) of simple trusses transmitting a concentrated force to a presscribed, arbitrary foundation contour. As an example, a symmetric two-bar truss with compressed bars is considered, and the constraints refer to various kinds of elastic instability of the system.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934701
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    On the stability of multistep formulas for Volterra integral equations of the second kind (1980)
    Springer
    Computing 24 (1980), S. 341-347 
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    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: Numerical analysis ; Volterra integral equations of the second kind ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Stabilitätseigenschaften einer Klasse Volterrascher Integralgleichungen zweiter Art zu untersuchen. Unsere Behandlung ist der üblichen Stabilitätsanalyse ähnlich, in der die Kernfunktionen zu einer im voraus beschränkten Klasse von Testfunktionen gehören. Wir haben die Klasse der “endlich zerlegbaren” Kerne betrachtet. Stabilitätsbedingungen werden abgeleitet und verglichen mit den Bedingungen für die einfache Testgleichung. Es zeigt sich, daß die neuen Kriteria einschränkender sind als die konventionellen Bedingungen. Der praktische Wert wird getestet durch numerische Experimente mit der Trapezregel.
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyse the stability properties of a class of multistep methods for second kind Volterra integral equations. Our approach follows the usual analysis in which the kernel function is a priori restricted to a special class of test functions. We consider the class of finitely decomposable kernels. Stability conditions will be derived and compared with those obtained with the simple test equation. It turns out that the new criteria are more severe than the conventional conditions. The practical value is tested by numerical experiments with the trapezoidal rule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02237819
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    A stability investigation for an incompressible simple fluid with fading memory (1980)
    Springer
    Archive for rational mechanics and analysis 72 (1980), S. 203-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0673
    Keywords: simple fluid ; viscoelastic ; fading memory ; stability ; Liapunov function ; dynamical system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The nonlinear equations of motion for an incompressible simple fluid, occupying a fixed bounded container, are formulated on the basis of the “finitelinear” viscoelasticity theory for materials with fading memory; this formal boundary-initial value problem is then viewed as a nonlinear abstract evolution equation on a certain Hilbert space. It is shown that a linearized version of this evolution equation is associated with a linear dynamical system on this Hilbert space, and several results for stability and asymptotic behavior for this linearized problem are proved through the use of Liapunov stability methods. On the assumption that the original nonlinear evolution equation also is associated with some dynamical system on the same space, it is shown that the rest condition of the fluid is stable and all motions are bounded. The Liapunov function employed for this purpose can be interpreted as a mechanical energy function for the fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00281589
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    Correlation inequalities and the thermodynamic limit for classical and quantum continuous systems II. Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 23 (1980), S. 701-753 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Correlation inequalities ; classical and quantum continuous systems ; positive type potentials ; stability ; thermodynamic limit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study quantum mechanical systems of particles with Bose or Fermi statistics interacting via two-body potentials of positive type in thermal equilibrium. We rewrite partition functions, reduced density matrices (RDMs), and correlation functions in terms of Wiener and Gaussian functional integrals (sine-Gordon transformation). This permits us, e.g., to apply correlation inequalities. Our main results include an analysis of stability versus instability in the grand canonical ensemble and, for charge-conjugation-invariant systems, upper and lower bounds on RDMs, the existence of the thermodynamic limit of pressure, RDMs and correlation functions, an inequality comparing correlations with Fermi statistics to ones with Bose statistics, and inequalities which are important in the study of Bose-Einstein condensation and of superconductivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01008516
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    Equal-time second-order moments of a harmonic oscillator with stochastic frequency and driving force (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 23 (1980), S. 755-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Harmonic oscillator ; stochastic frequency ; stochastic differential equation ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using a simple matrix method, we have obtained exact second-order equilibrium moments for a linearly damped harmonic oscillator with a fluctuating frequency ω(t) and driven by a fluctuating forcef(t). We have assumed each of the fluctuating quantities to be delta-correlated. We demonstrate that the final answers are identical whetherf(t) and ω(t) are statistically independent or delta-correlated. We have also established the region of parameter space in which the oscillator is energetically stable. The results are shown to be completely determined by the coefficients of the first and second cumulants of the fluctuations.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01008517
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    Limnology and performance of waste treatment lagoons (1980)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 72 (1980), S. 21-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Sewage ponds ; BOD-removal ; stability ; Daphnia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract By arranging sewage ponds in series, some feedback relationships within the food web are disconnected, but stability may increase. This particularly applies to a persistent ‘clearwater-state’ in the last cell caused by mass growths of Daphnia or other zooplankton in the absence of fish. Microbial pollution in this case is reduced to a level which may permit nearly unrestricted irrigation. The oxygen balance of lagoons is, apart from the diurnal cycle, subject to substantial temporal variations. This also applies to continuous-flow laboratory models with a constant (BOD-load, temperature) or a constant-cycle (light) chemical and physical environment. An example is given illustrating a high adjustment stability of a lagoon in consequence of a catastrophic perturbation. The strong tendency of lagoons towards an oligomictic behaviour is promoted by thermal stratification and by a vertical gradient in the metabolic activity (oxidation/reduction potential). The hydrodynamic conditions oscillate between plug flow in periods of convective overturn and short-circuiting if thermal stratification has developed. Nevertheless, the average performance (BOD removal) for a particular season could be calculated with a reasonable accuracy. As a basis for this calculation, nomographs were developed from which the rate coefficient K1 of BOD removal for a given combination of residence time and BOD load can be read.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016230
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    Stability of nondominated solutions in multicriteria decision-making (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 30 (1980), S. 229-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Point-to-set maps ; domination structures ; parameterized decision-making problems ; solution maps ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Decision-making problems with multiple noncommensurable objectives are specified by two factors, i.e., the set of all feasible solutions and the domination structure. The solutions are characterized as nondominated points. Hence, in these problems, there may exist two parameter vectors, according to which the above two factors change. The stability of the solution set for perturbations of these parameters is investigated in this paper. The analysis is guided by using the concept of continuity of the solution map defined on the two parameter spaces.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934497
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    Existence and global asymptotic stability of optimal trajectories for a class of infinite-horizon, nonconvex systems (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 31 (1980), S. 515-533 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimal control ; economic systems ; stability ; existence theory ; turnpike property
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Sufficient conditions for the existence of optimal trajectories and for the global asymptotic stability of these trajectories are given for a class of nonconvex and nonautonomous systems controlled over an infinite-time horizon. The concept ofG-supported trajectory is introduced. It is shown that, under some assumptions, aG-supported trajectory is overtaking and is globally asymptotically stable. The concept of overtaking trajectory has been previously defined as a notion of optimality on an infinite-time domain. For autonomous systems, under weaker conditions, one guarantees the existence of weakly overtaking trajectories. Finally, it is shown howG-supported trajectories can be obtained, and an application to the study of a pre-predator ecosystem optimally harvested is sketched.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934475
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