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  • *Biological Evolution
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (35)
  • 1980-1984  (35)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (35)
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Smooth curve of evolutionary rate: a psychological and mathematical artifact (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gould, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):994-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505682" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Mathematics ; *Models, Genetic ; Selection, Genetic ; *Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Evolutionary relatedness of Plasmodium species as determined by the structure of DNA (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-24
    Description: Malaria parasites can be grouped evolutionarily by analysis of DNA composition and genome arrangement. Those that vary widely with regard to host range, morphology, and biological characteristics fit into only a small number of distinctive groups. The DNA of the human parasite Plasmodium falciparum fits into a group that includes rodent and avian malarias and is unlike the DNA of other primate malaria parasites. The DNA of Plasmodium vivax, which is also a human parasite, fits into a distinctly different group that includes Plasmodium cynomolgi, a parasite of monkeys. The evolutionary lines suggested here appear to be consistent with similarities seen among malaria parasites with regard to gene sequence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCutchan, T F -- Dame, J B -- Miller, L H -- Barnwell, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 24;225(4664):808-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382604" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA/*analysis ; Deoxycytidine/analysis ; Deoxyguanosine/analysis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmodium/*classification/genetics ; Plasmodium berghei/classification/genetics ; Plasmodium falciparum/classification/genetics ; Plasmodium vivax/classification/genetics ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Major pol gene progenitors in the evolution of oncoviruses (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-27
    Description: The genetic relationships among molecularly cloned prototype viruses representing all of the major oncovirus genera were investigated by molecular hybridization and nucleotide sequence analysis. One of the major progenitors of the pol genes of such viruses gives rise to mammalian type C viruses and another gives rise to type A, B, D, and avian type C oncoviruses. Evidence of unusual patterns of homology among the env genes of mammalian type C and D oncoviruses illustrates that genetic interactions between their progenitors contributed to the evolution of oncoviruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chiu, I M -- Callahan, R -- Tronick, S R -- Schlom, J -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 27;223(4634):364-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6197754" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/genetics ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Genes, Viral ; Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*genetics/metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; Retroviridae/classification/*genetics ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 4
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    Evolution of proteolytic enzymes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-27
    Description: Proteolytic enzymes have many physiological functions, ranging from generalized protein digestion to more specific regulated processes such as the activation of zymogens, blood coagulation and the lysis of fibrin clots, the release of hormones and pharmacologically active peptides from precursor proteins, and the transport of secretory proteins across membranes. They are present in all forms of living organisms. Comparisons of amino acid sequences, three-dimensional structures, and enzymatic reaction mechanisms of proteases indicate that there are distinct families of these proteins. Changes in molecular structure and function have accompanied the evolution of proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors, each having relatively simple roles in primitive organisms and more diverse and more complex functions in higher organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Neurath, H -- GM-15731/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 27;224(4647):350-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6369538" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; *Biological Evolution ; Blood Coagulation ; Chemistry, Physical ; Enzyme Activation ; Enzyme Precursors/metabolism ; Genes ; Humans ; Mutation ; *Peptide Hydrolases/analysis/genetics/metabolism ; Peptides/metabolism ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Protease Inhibitors/analysis/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Sorting Signals ; Substrate Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Angiotensinogen is related to the antitrypsin-antithrombin-ovalbumin family (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: The recently reported amino acid sequence of rat angiotensinogen was subjected to a computer-assisted search for homology with known sequences stored in a data bank and found to be significantly related to that of plasma alpha 1-antitrypsin, itself a member of a family that includes antithrombin III and ovalbumin. An alignment of the four sequences shows indisputably the common ancestry of all four proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Doolittle, R F -- RR 00757/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):417-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6604942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Angiotensinogen/*genetics ; Angiotensins/*genetics ; Animals ; Antithrombins/genetics ; *Biological Evolution ; Macromolecular Substances ; Ovalbumin/genetics ; Rats ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
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    Is the orangutan a living fossil? Molecular biology and paleontology have combined recently to arrive at a consensus on human/ape evolution; a new Kenyan fossil stirs the debate once more (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 16;222(4629):1222-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6417791" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Fossils ; *Haplorhini ; *Hominidae ; Humans ; *Paleontology ; *Pongo pygmaeus
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 7
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    T-lymphocyte immunology and hominoid evolution (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cartmill, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1145.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6983135" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Humans ; Primates/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Darwinism and the expansion of evolutionary theory (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: The essence of Darwinism lies in the claim that natural selection is a creative force, and in the reductionist assertion that selection upon individual organisms is the locus of evolutionary change. Critiques of adaptationism and gradualism call into doubt the traditional consequences of the argument for creativity, while a concept of hierarchy, with selection acting upon such higher-level "individuals" as demes and species, challenges the reductionist claim. An expanded hierarchical theory would not be Darwinism, has strictly defined, but it would capture, in abstract form, the fundamental feature of Darwin's vision--direction of evolution by selection at each level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gould, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):380-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7041256" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Selection, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Extinction leaves its mark on ecology (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):42-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123216" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecology ; Models, Biological
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  • 10
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    How did humans evolve big brains? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):840-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079741" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Brain/*anatomy & histology ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Primates/*anatomy & histology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Living with water stress: evolution of osmolyte systems (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: Striking convergent evolution is found in the properties of the organic osmotic solute (osmolyte) systems observed in bacteria, plants, and animals. Polyhydric alcohols, free amino acids and their derivatives, and combinations of urea and methylamines are the three types of osmolyte systems found in all water-stressed organisms except the halobacteria. The selective advantages of the organic osmolyte systems are, first, a compatibility with macromolecular structure and function at high or variable (or both) osmolyte concentrations, and, second, greatly reduced needs for modifying proteins to function in concentrated intracellular solutions. Osmolyte compatibility is proposed to result from the absence of osmolyte interactions with substrates and cofactors, and the nonperturbing or favorable effects of osmolytes on macromolecular-solvent interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yancey, P H -- Clark, M E -- Hand, S C -- Bowlus, R D -- Somero, G N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1214-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112124" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/physiology ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Biological Transport, Active ; Glycerol/physiology ; Ions/physiology ; Methylamines/physiology ; Molecular Conformation ; Urea/physiology ; Water/physiology ; *Water-Electrolyte Balance
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    The origin of man: a chromosomal pictorial legacy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-19
    Description: Man, gorilla, and chimpanzee likely shared an ancestor in whom the fine genetic organization of chromosomes was similar to that of present man. A comparative analysis of high-resolution chromosomes from orangutan, gorilla, chimpanzee, and man suggests that 18 or 23 pairs of chromosomes of modern man are virtually identical to those of our "common hominoid ancestor", with the remaining pairs slightly different. From this lineage, gorilla separated fist, and three major chromosomal rearrangements presumably occurred in a progenitor of chimpanzee and man before the final divergence of these tow species. A precursor of the hominoid ancestor and orangutan is also assumed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yunis, J J -- Prakash, O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 19;215(4539):1525-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosomes, Human/*ultrastructure ; Humans ; Karyotyping/methods ; Primates/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Molecular drive (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dover, G A -- Strachan, T -- Coen, E S -- Brown, S D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1069.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA/*genetics ; Genes ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Events in the evolution of pre-proinsulin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: An extensive computer-assisted analysis of known pre-proinsulin coding sequences has shown correlations that can be interpreted as evidence for an intron-mediated juxtaposition of exons in the evolution of these genes. The evidence includes the discovery that the regions of the pre-proinsulin genes that code for the signal peptide consist of nearly tandem repeating units of nine base pairs. This pattern reappears in the C region of the genes after a large intron that occurs in three of the four genes analyzed. A model is proposed in which primordial insulin was coded for by two separate minigenes arising from a gene duplication, each with identical or nearly identical signal peptide coding regions. The minigenes fused into one transcriptional unit mediated by the large intron, and the signal peptide coding region of one of the putative minigenes evolved into the latter portion of the C peptide coding region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Douthart, R J -- Norris, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):729-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100918" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Computers ; Cricetinae ; Disulfides ; Genes ; Humans ; Insulin ; Models, Genetic ; Proinsulin/*genetics ; Protein Precursors/*genetics ; Rats ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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  • 15
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    Molecular drive: how real, how important? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):552-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Genes ; *Genetics, Population
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 16
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    Rapid evolution of RNA genomes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-26
    Description: RNA viruses show high mutation frequencies partly because of a lack of the proofreading enzymes that assure fidelity of DNA replication. This high mutation frequency is coupled with high rates of replication reflected in rates of RNA genome evolution which can be more than a millionfold greater than the rates of the DNA chromosome evolution of their hosts. There are some disease implications for the DNA-based biosphere of this rapidly evolving RNA biosphere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holland, J -- Spindler, K -- Horodyski, F -- Grabau, E -- Nichol, S -- VandePol, S -- AI 14627/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 26;215(4540):1577-85.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7041255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Defective Viruses/genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; RNA Viruses/*genetics ; RNA, Viral/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Virus Diseases/genetics ; Virus Replication
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  • 17
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    Biology is not postage stamp collecting. Interview by R. Lewin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mayr, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):718-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079730" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Biology/*trends
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Darwin died at a most propitious time (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):717-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7048528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; England ; History, 19th Century ; *Models, Biological ; Molecular Biology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Heritable true fitness and bright birds: a role for parasites? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Combination of seven surveys of blood parasites in North American passerines reveals weak, highly significant association over species between incidence of chronic blood infections (five genera of protozoa and one nematode) and striking display (three characters: male "brightness," female "brightness," and male song). This result conforms to a model of sexual selection in which (i) coadaptational cycles of host and parasites generate consistently positive offspring-on-parent regression of fitness, and (ii) animals choose mates for genetic disease resistance by scrutiny of characters whose full expression is dependent on health and vigor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamilton, W D -- Zuk, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):384-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123238" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/genetics/*parasitology ; Pigmentation ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 20
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    Molecules come to Darwin's aid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 4;216(4550):1091-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079751" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Molecular Biology/*trends
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    Creationism in 20th-century America (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Numbers, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):538-44.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6750792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Education ; History, 20th Century ; *Religion and Science ; Science/*history ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Similar amino acid sequences: chance or common ancestry? (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-09
    Description: The systemic comparison of every newly determined amino acid sequence with all other known sequences may allow a complete reconstruction of the evolutionary events leading to contemporary proteins. But sometimes the surviving similarities are so vague that even computer-based sequence comparisons procedures are unable to validate relationships. In other cases similar sequences may appear in totally alien proteins as a result of mere chance or, occasionally, by the convergent evolution of sequences with special properties.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Doolittle, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 9;214(4517):149-59.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280687" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Proteins/classification/*genetics ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Species Specificity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Do jumping genes make evolutionary leaps? (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):634-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; DNA/*genetics ; Genes ; Recombination, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 24
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    Creationists limit scope of evolution case (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1331-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; California ; *Curriculum ; Humans ; Legislation as Topic ; *Religion and Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    The evolution of cooperation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-27
    Description: Cooperation in organisms, whether bacteria or primates, has been a difficulty for evolutionary theory since Darwin. On the assumption that interactions between pairs of individuals occur on a probabilistic basis, a model is developed based on the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy in the context of the Prisoner's Dilemma game. Deductions from the model, and the results of a computer tournament show how cooperation based on reciprocity can get started in an asocial world, can thrive while interacting with a wide range of other strategies, and can resist invasion once fully established. Potential applications include specific aspects of territoriality, mating, and disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Axelrod, R -- Hamilton, W D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1390-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Cooperative Behavior ; *Game Theory ; Humans ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Selection, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 26
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    Seeds of change in embryonic development (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 2;214(4516):42-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Embryology/*trends ; Genes ; Selection, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 27
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    Cultural diversity tied to genetic differences (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 22;212(4497):908-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Biology ; *Culture ; *Genes ; Humans ; *Sociobiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 28
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    Evolutionary history written in globin genes (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):426-7, 429.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7291984" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Mapping ; Globins/*genetics ; Humans
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 29
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    A response to creationism evolves (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 6;214(4521):635-6, 638.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Societies, Scientific
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  • 30
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    Comparison of the nucleic acid sequence of anglerfish and mammalian insulin mRNA's from cloned cDNA's (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-12-19
    Description: Anglerfish (Lophius americanus) insulin complementary DNA was cloned in bacterial plasmids, and its sequence was determined. Fish insulin messenger RNA is larger (1.5 times) than the messenger RNA encoding mammalian (rat and human) insulin, in part because of a larger C peptide (an additional six amino acids or 18 nucleotides in length) but mainly because of increases in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions. Comparison of the fish, rat, and human insulin messenger RNA (from the complementary DNA) reveals that, in addition to the regions coding for the A and B peptides, sequence conservation is limited to a segment within the 5' untranslated region which may be involved in ribosomal binding, two small segments of the signal peptide, and two stretches of sequence in the 3' untranslated region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hobart, P M -- Shen, L P -- Crawford, R -- Pictet, R L -- Rutter, W J -- AM 21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 19;210(4476):1360-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cloning, Molecular ; Codon ; Fishes/*genetics ; Insulin/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Proinsulin/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics
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    Evolution of the hemoglobin S and C genes in world populations (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-18
    Description: A polymorphic HpaI endonuclease recognition site on the 3' side of the beta-globin gene was used to analyze the evolution of the beta-globin gene mutants S and C. Study of the world wide distribution of the normal and variant HpaI sites showed that the mutation which resulted in the variant 13.0-kilobase fragment arose in a localized region in West Africa. It predated the hemoglobin S and C mutations, both of which arose separately from a chromosome with the variant 13.0-kilobase HpaI site. In contrast, the sickle genes in other parts of Africa and in Asia are associated with the normal 7.6-kilobase HpaI fragment, indicating that the sickle mutations in these other areas arose separately from that in West Africa.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kan, Y W -- Dozy, A M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 18;209(4454):388-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384810" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Genes ; Genetics, Medical ; Geography ; Globins/genetics ; Hemoglobin C/*genetics ; Hemoglobin, Sickle/*genetics ; Humans
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    Silent nucleotide substitutions and the molecular evolutionary clock (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-11-28
    Description: Half of the nucleotide substitutions during the evolutionary divergence of genes in animals, bacteria, and viruses are silent changes. These result from an inherent biochemical property of DNA and are fixed by genetic drift. Evolution may be viewed as a device for protecting DNA molecules from extinction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jukes, T H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 28;210(4473):973-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Codon ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; *Genes ; Genetic Code ; Globins/genetics ; Histones/genetics ; Mutation ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Mouse globin system: a functional and evolutionary analysis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Structural and functional analysis of the mouse alpha-globin and beta-globin genes reveals that the globin genes are encoded in discontinous bits of coding information and that each gene locus is much more complex than was originally supposed. Each seems to consist of an array of several authentic genes as well as several apparently inactive pseudogenes. Comparison of the sequences of some of these genes to one another indicates that chromosomal DNA is a dynamic structure. Flanking and intervening sequences change in two ways: quickly, by duplication and extensive insertions and deletions, and slowly, by point mutation. Active coding sequences are usually limited to the slower mode of evolution. In addition to identifying fast and slow modes of evolution, it has also been possible to test the function of several signals that surround these genes and to identify those that appear to play a role in gene expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leder, P -- Hansen, J N -- Konkel, D -- Leder, A -- Nishioka, Y -- Talkington, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1336-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Genes ; Globins/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
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  • 34
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    Evolutionary theory under fire (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):883-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6107993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; *Biological Evolution ; Chicago ; Congresses as Topic ; Fossils ; Gene Frequency ; Models, Theoretical ; Mutation ; Time Factors
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  • 35
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    Lactate dehydrogenases of Atlantic hagfish: physiological and evolutionary implications of a primitive heart isozyme (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Isozymes of lactate dehydrogenase from heart and muscle of Atlantic hagfish show less functional divergence than those from other fishes and higher vertebrates. The enzyme from hagfish heart (B4) displays a higher Michaelis constant for pyruvate and lower substrate inhibition at moderate pyruvate concentrations than heart isozymes from other species. These properties support the hypothesis that the ancestral vertebrate lactate dehydrogenase was a muscle (A4)-type enzyme and also suggest a role for the B4 enzyme in the unusual physiology of hagfish cardiac tissue which functions under sustained hypoxic conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sidell, B D -- Beland, K F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):769-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Energy Metabolism ; Fishes/genetics/*physiology ; Genes ; Isoenzymes ; Kinetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/*genetics/metabolism ; Muscles/*enzymology ; Myocardium/enzymology ; Pyruvates/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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