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  • Articles  (24)
  • Oryza sativa
  • Animals
  • Chemical Engineering
  • 1985-1989  (24)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (24)
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  • Articles  (24)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Segregation of 12 isozyme genes among doubled haploid lines derived from a japonica x indica cross of rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 42 (1989), S. 45-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; doubled haploid ; japonica x indica ; rice isozyme markers ; segregation ; anther culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The segregation of 12 heterozygous isozyme markers was analyzed among F2 plants and 51 anther culture (AC)-derived lines obtained from the japonica × indica cross of rice, IRAT 177 × Apura. All the lines except two were homozygous products of recombination of the two parental phenotypes. Doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from plants regenerated from the same callus were identical, confirming previously obtained results in rice. Surprisingly, some lines derived from different calli were also identical, suggesting a phenomenon of early callus fragmentation. All these observations at the isozyme level were confirmed by field evaluation. Deviations of segregations from the expected 1 : 1 ratio were observed at 4 loci among the DH lines. Among these, two were also noted among the F2 plants. The two other distortions, both in favor of the japonica allele, were observed specifically in the AC-derived materials. Although this concerns a small proportion of the genes under study, it suggests that the embryogenic microsporal population does not represent a random gametic array. On the other hand, evaluation of recombination between isozyme genes located on chromosome 6 appears consistent with F2 data and data previously recorded on the other japonica × indica crosses. The potential use of isozymes in breeding doubled haploids derived from remote crosses in rice is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042614
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Breeding of high protein quality rice (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 43 (1989), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; protein content ; protein quality ; amino acid concentration ; nutritive value ; animal growth test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Three breeding lines (F8) of rice, derived from cross between Brimful X Koshihikari were tested for protein, amino acid, growth test with rats and yield parameters in field trials. The breeding lines had higher protein and amino acid concentrations than the leading Japanese cultivar Koshihikari, which was grown as a control. Grain yield in the breeding lines was lower than that of Koshihikari (4.5 t/ha). The grain-protein yield of the breeding lines was higher (500 kg/ha) than that of Koshihikari (440 kg/ha). The average gain in weight of rats fed brown and milled rices of the breeding line was 19 and 21 g, respectively: in control rats fed Koshihikari average gain was −1 and 8 g. These results showed that the breeding lines of rice can be developed which possess higher food value than the available varieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037895
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A methodology for evaluating a location as a selection site for an international plant breeding program (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 43 (1989), S. 165-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rainfed rice ; Central America ; Mexico ; yield and disease selection ; selection site ; probability of coincidence in selection ; probability of divergence in rejection ; target environments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A method for comparing locations as selection sites based upon their abilities to predict yield and disease reaction over a target region is proposed. The probability of coincidence in selection for a site is defined as the probability for a line selected at the site to be selected at other sites within the region. The probability of divergence in rejection is defined as that associated with regional selection of a line given that is discarded by the site where selection is being conducted. The ideal selection site would maximize the probability of coincidence in selection and minimize the probability of divergence in rejection. The method is illustrated using a set of data from the rice yield nurseries of the International Rice Testing Program for Latin America planted under the rainfed conditions of Central América and México during the period 1978–1984. Five locations were compared for their predictive ability in selecting for the rainfed rice growing region, based on yield and disease reaction. Selection for yield was defined as performance superior to the best check in each location. Selection for disease reaction was based on an index derived from the Standard Evaluation System for Rice for diseases of regional importance. Locations varies 10–15 percent in their selection coincidence with the region for both yield and disease selection criteria applied independently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037909
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritacne of submergence tolerance in rice (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 41 (1989), S. 247-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; deepwater rice ; submergence tolerance ; inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Inheritance of submergence tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was investigated in an 8×8 diallel cross. Duration to 50% mortality of the diallel populations (F1's + parents) under completely submerged conditions at the seedling stage was used to characterize submergence tolerance instead of the usual submergence survival percentages. A strong prepotency of parents was found in transmitting the character to their offspring. Additive and nonadditive gene effects were highly significant. Parents highly tolerant to submergence also had high gca effects, and F1's between two tolerant parents were found to be the most tolerant of the diallel combinations. A high narrow-sense heritability was also observed. The additive-dominance model was found valid for this diallel cross. Submergence tolerance was partially dominant over susceptibility and recessive alleles were more concentrated in the susceptible parents IR42 and IR11288-B-B-69-1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021591
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Triple test cross analysis in rice (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 42 (1989), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; epistasis ; additive ; dominance ; genetic system ; homozygote x heterozygote ; heterozygore x heterozygote
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The triple test cross analysis in rice brought out that significant epistasis is present for most of the characters in the three crosses except for 100 grain weight in two crosses (Co 39 × Co 41) and (Co 39 × Co 40) and plant height in one cross (Co 39 × IR 20). Epistasis of ‘i’ (homozygote × heterozygote) and ‘l’ (heterozygote × heterozygote) interactions are also detected in all the three crosses. The D component was significant for all the traits in the three crosses and H was significant in cross Co 39 × Co 41 for all characters. For tiller number in cross Co 39 × IR 20 and for tiller number and 100 grain weight in cross Co 39 × Co 40, the H component was not significant. In all the crosses D component was higher than H.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042612
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of ratooning ability of rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 40 (1989), S. 97-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; ratooning ability ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Genetic analysis of generation means of F1, F2, F3, F4, and the parental populations of the cross IR10154-23-3-3A/IR15795-232-3-3-2 for ratooning ability was conducted. Good ratooning ability is a recessive trait. The parents differed by at least two pairs of major genes for ratooning ability. A large proportion of transgressive segregants in F2 suggested that the expression of ratooning ability is influenced not only by major genes but also by modifiers. Broad-sense heritability estimates computed by different methods ranged from 0.66 to 0.88. Narrow-sense heritability by the F4–F3 regression method was 0.39. The heritability estimates were 0.42 and 0.33 by the variance component method. The prevalence of additive x additive type of gene effects along with prominent additive effects imply some scope for selection in the segregating generations. However, non-additive type of gene action also affects the expression of ratooning ability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023303
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of plant elongation ability at seedling stage in rice (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 41 (1989), S. 227-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; floating rice ; traditional rice ; elongation ability ; elongating semidwarf ; inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In a comparison of methods to study inheritance of plant elongation ability, 15-, 20-, 25-, 30-, and 35-day-old F2 populations of a cross between Baisbish (floating variety) and IR42 (nonelongating semidwarf modern variety) of rice, (Oryza sativa L.) were subjected to 65 cm water depth for 7 days. Frequency distribution of plant height before and after submergence was obtained. Bimodal curves in 15-, 20- and 25-day-old populations gave good fits to 9:7 elongating: nonelongating plants, suggesting that elongation was due to two dominant complementary genes. Segregation in the 30-day-old population was not clear-cut. A seedling age of 20 days was subsequently chosen for further studies. Two F2's involving floating rice and a nonelongating semidwarf; four F2's involving floating rice and an elongating semidwarf; and two F2's involving elongating and nonelongating semidwarf parents were studied with 20-day-old seedlings in the same way. Floating rice combinations with nonelongating semidwarf parents as well as with elongating semidwarf parents segregated into 9:7 elongating: nonelongating ratio. It is possible that because elongating and nonelongating dwarf parents did not differ much in elongation ability at seedling age, their combination with floating rice parents provided similar segregation. The F2 distributions for height in elongating and nonelongating dwarf cross combinations were continuous with one peak. Genetic constitution of parents proposed are Sd1 Sd1 El El for floating parents, sd1 sd1 El El for semidwarf elongating, and sd1 sd1 el el for dwarf nonelongating.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021589
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosynthetic ability, grain yield and an esterase band in rice genotypes (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 42 (1989), S. 265-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; photosynthesis ; grain yield ; genotype ; isozyme ; esterase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Four Indica and one Japonica (Tainung 67) of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties had an esterase band (tentatively designated as E1), and also had higher photosynthetic ability than other five Japonica varieties without E1 band. The F1 plants of Tainung 67 × Mineyutaka (low photosynthetic ability, no E1 band) showed E1 band and a low photosynthetic ability. Of 34 F2 plants, 28 had E1 band, but 6 had no E1 band of which 5 plants showed a low photosynthetic ability. These results suggest that an esterase gene and one of the photosynthesis gene are linked, and the gene for low photosynthetic ability is dominant. Among 42 new Japonica strains and 2 control varieties bred in Taiwan, most genotypes with E1 band showed higher grain yield potential (grain field/growth days) in local test. Esterase band may be used as a marker for high photosynthesis and grain yield ability in breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034463
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rice yields as influenced by Azolla N2 fixation and urea N-fertilization (1989)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 114 (1989), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Azolla pinnata ; Nitrogen fixation ; N yield ; Oryza sativa ; Urea-N
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Application of 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha−1 of urea (U) in split doses with (and without)Azolla pinnata, R. Brown was studied for three consecutive seasons under planted field condition. Fresh weight (FW), acetylene reduction activity (ARA) and N yield of Azolla were found to be maximum 14 days after inoculation (DAI). Among the different treatments, maximum Azolla growth was recorded in no N control. The FW, ARA and N yield of Azolla were inhibited increasingly with the increase in N levels. Irrespective of season, FW and N yield of Azolla were inhibited only a small extent with 90 kg N ha−1 U, beyond which the inhibition was pronounced. ARA was inhibited only slightly up to 60 kg N ha−1 of U. Grain yield and crop N uptake of rice increased significantly up to 90 kg N ha−1 of U (alone or in combination with Azolla) in the dry seasons (variety IR 36) and up to 60 kg N ha−1 U in the wet season (variety CR 1018).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02203082
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The response of rice to the growth and nitrogen fixation inAzolla caroliniana andAzolla pinnata at varying rates of phosphate fertilization (1989)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 114 (1989), S. 205-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Azolla caroliniana ; Azolla pinnata ; nitrogen fixation ; Oryza sativa ; phosphate fertilizer ; rice yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The response of rice toAzolla caroliniana, newly introduced in India, was compared with the reponse to the local isolate ofAzolla pinnata at varying rates of phosphate fertilizer (4.4–8.8 kg P ha−1) during a wet and a dry season. Fresh weight, dry weight and fixed N were more for both species 21 DAI (days after inoculation) than 14 DAI, but acetylene reduction activity (ARA) was higher 14 DAI than 21 DAI. Dry weight of Azolla and fixed N were less 14 DAI forA. caroliniana than forA. pinnata during the wet season. Twenty-one DAI, fresh weight ofA. caroliniana was 62.1 and 27.6% higher than that ofA. pinnata during the wet and dry season, respectively. However, dry weight and fixed N were more 21 DAI inA. caroliniana than inA. pinnata during only the wet season. The ARA was higher inA. caroliniana both 14 and 21 DAI, irrespective of season. The presence of either species in the rice field increased grain yield, straw yield, number of panicles m−2, number of grains per panicle and reduced percentage sterility during both the wet and the dry season. Phosphate application significantly increased fresh weight, dry weight, ARA and fixed N for both species as well as grain and straw yields of rice. The responses to phosphate fertilizer were similar for both Azolla species and for rice grown with either one of the Azolla species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220799
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytotoxic potential of soils and wheat straw in rice rotation cropping systems of subtropical Taiwan (1989)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 120 (1989), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: allelopathy ; lyophilization ; Oryza sativa ; phytoxicity ; rhizosphere soil ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Using a wheat seed bio assay, the phytotoxicity of extracts obtained from wheat and rice rhizosphere soils was determined. The wheat rhizosphere soil extract was found to show phytotoxic effects. More allelopathic materials were found from the wheat-rice rotation soils than from the rice soil. Extracts obtained under basic conditions (pH 8) were found to be more inhibitory than those obtained by acid extraction (pH 5). Wheat straw was found also to contain phytotoxic substances. A comparison of two methods in concentrating the aqueous extracts, rotary evaporation and lyophilization, indicates that the former contained more substances with phytotoxic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370295
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of amylose content in rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1988)
    Springer
    Euphytica 38 (1988), S. 261-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; amylose content ; single grain analysis ; cooking characteristics ; dosage effects ; dull endosperm ; translucent endosperm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The inheritance of low and very low amylose contents in six rice crosses and their reciprocals was studied by single grain analysis of parents F1, F2, B1 and B2 seeds. To minimize the environmental effects, the seeds of all generations of all crosses were produced in a single season. The results indicated different dosage effects in different crosses. One major gene was found to govern a difference of 6–12% in amylose content in low and intermediate amylose parents. Very low amylose content was similarly found to be governed by one major gene in crosses between very low- and low-amylose content parents. Minor genes and modifiers also seem to play some role. In the cross between two low amylose parents differing by about 2.5% in amylose content, the differences appeared to be controlled by some minor genes and modifiers. The selection program in different crosses has been suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023529
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased regeneration from NaCl-tolerant callus in rice (1988)
    Springer
    Euphytica 39 (1988), S. 207-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; callus culture ; NaCl-tolerance ; salt tolerance ; organogenesis ; peroxidase activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary NaCl-tolerant calli were selected from two Japonica and two Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on basal media containing 6,000, 9,000, 12,000 or 15,000 ppm NaCl. Frequency of callus formation decreased with the increase of NaCl in the medium, especially in Indica. About half of the calli of Japonica cultivars selected on NaCl-ammended media survived 20,000 ppm NaCl but none of the Indica callus survived. In Japonica, more plants were regenerated from calli selected on all concentrations of NaCl media than from NaCl-free medium. Concentration of Cl- in callus increased dramatically with increased NaCl content but peroxidase activity decreased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037097
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential colonization of Azospirillum lipoferum on roots of two varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 3-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Azospirillum lipoferum ; Mucigel ; Oryza sativa ; Root colonization ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Seedlings of rice (IR42 and IR50) were aseptically dipped into Azospirillum lipoferum strain 34H suspension under dark, and the presence of bacteria on the differentiating regions of rice roots was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The bacterium did not colonize the root tips of IR42, while it colonized this region in the case of IR50, within 24 h after inoculation. In the early stages, most of the bacteria were embedded in the ruptured mucigel below the root cap cells of IR42. Mucigel was hardly detectable in IR50. While the root hair primordia of IR50 were colonized heavily with the bacterium within 24 h, the root hairs of IR42 were colonized 48 and 72 h after inoculation. This phenomenon in relation to plant varietal differences was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280343
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel procedure for raising rice seedlings and its potential application for mass-screening of rice strains for salt tolerance (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 467-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice seedlings ; water culture ; plastic vial ; salt tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A soilless culture system is described whereby all the necessary steps of raising rice seedlings, including seeding, surface-sterilization, germination and growing of seedlings, can be conveniently achieved within a small plastic container. The system is especially suited for experiments with massive number of entries and can e.g. be used for screening of rice genotypes for salt tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041489
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the distribution of complementary genes causing F1 weakness in common rice and its wild relatives. 2. Distribution of two complementary genes, Hwc-1 and Hwc-2 gene in native cultivars and its wild relatives of tropical Asia (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 425-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; O. perennis ; F1 weakness ; geographical distribution of gene ; Indica-Japonica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Distribution of two complementary genes Hwc-1 and Hwc-2 causing F1 weakness was examined using 159 native rice cultivars and 30 strains of wild relatives collected from various sites of tropical Asia including the Himalayan foothills. Hwc-1 is carried by a Peruvian cultivar, Jamaica, a tester cultivar of this experiment. It was not found in the tested cultivars and strains. Hwc-2 was widely distributed in the Japonica types tested. No wild strains had either Hwc-1 or Hwc-2. Hwc-2 was infrequent in the Japonica types collected from Southern Asian countries. Hwc-2 was estimated to be indigenous to the Japonica types, may be linked with certain gene(s) related to adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041485
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  • 17
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    The response of two rice cultivars to external Na/Ca ratio (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 103 (1987), S. 245-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: calcium deficiency ; Oryza sativa ; salinity ; sodium: calcium ratio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The response of the rice cultivars ‘M9’ and ‘M-201’ to nutrient cultures salinated at −0.4 MPa with varying ratios of Na and Ca was studied. Although the dry matter production of both cultivars was sensitive to the Na/Ca ratio, this correlation was significant only for M-201. Calcium nutrition was severely affected by the composition of the external solution, and the laminae exhibited Ca-deficiency symptoms at Na/Ca molar ratios of 78 and 198. Sodium concentration in the shoot decreased as the Na/Ca ratio in the external solution decreased. Patterns of Na and Cl distribution in the shoot tissues were similar; both ions were accumulated preferentially in the tillers and older leaves. The Na-induced inhibition of Ca uptake and transport appears to be more limiting to shoot growth of M9 and M-201 than Na toxicity per se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370396
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of N-fertilizers, straw, and dry fallow on the nitrogen balance of a flooded soil planted with rice (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 93 (1986), S. 405-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Dry fallow ; N-balance ; Oryza sativa ; Paddy soils ; Rice Straw
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Nitrogen balance studies were made on rice (Oryza sativa) grown in flooded soil in pots. A low rate of fertilizer (5.64 mg N. kg−1 soil) did not depress the N gain, but a high rate (99.72 mg N. kg−1 soil) elminated the N gain. Soil N loss was negligible since15N applied as ammonium sulfate and thoroughly mixed with the soil was recovered from the soil-plant system after 3 crops. The observed N gain, therefore, was caused by N2-fixation, not by a reduction of soil N loss. Straw enhanced N gain at the rate of 2–4 mg per g straw. However, this gain was not observed when soil N availability was high. Dry fallow between rice crops decreased the N gain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374291
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
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    Inhibitory effect of streptomycin on rice tissue cultures and the selection of resistant callus clones (1986)
    Springer
    Euphytica 35 (1986), S. 1023-1028 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; tissue culture ; streptomycin resistance ; callus clone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Callus tissues were initiated from seed, radicle and anther cultures of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in order to study the effect of streptomycin on callus growth. Our results showed that the addition of 250 μg/ml or more streptomycin to the culture medium caused a significant inhibition of callus proliferation. The degree of inhibition depended upon the genotype, the drug concentration and the tissue source of callus. Selection of resistant cell lines began with seed and immature embryo cultures grown on various levels of streptomycin. The fastest growing sectors of callus were subcultured for additional selection. In this way, a total of 11 comparatively vigorous callus clones were isolated after 7 or 12 subcultures. Some of these clones exhibited a significant increase of resistance index when compared with unselected starting material. After 5 or 6 selection cycles, 79 plantlets were regenerated from resistant callus, but none grew to maturity because all were white (albino).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028614
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  • 20
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    Mechanism of tolerance in rice varieties differing in sodicity tolerance (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 93 (1986), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: K ; Na ; Oryza sativa ; Rice yield ; Soil sodicity ; Sodicity tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The performance of two rice varieties selected for sodicity tolerance and sensitivity was studied in pot culture. Tolerant variety CSR-1 showed much better survival, plant growth and yield as compared to the sensitive one (Basmati-370). Sensitive variety was characterized by higher reduction in growth yield, higher Na and lower K concentrations under sodicity in all the plant organs. Highest Na concentrations are in sensitive variety and its distribution is in the order of Senescent yellow leaves 〉 Earheads 〉 Stem 〉 Younger green leaves. Analysis of different leaves revealed leaf to leaf gradients in terms of Na and K and Na/K ratio were lowest in the youngest leaf and highest in the oldest surviving leaf and these values were much higher in the sensitive variety. This showed that Na ions are mainly localised in the older leaves, which are shed and provide a secondary process of tolerance. Thus the tolerant variety is best marked by maintenance of K levels and much lower increases in Na in all the plant organs, especially earheads, inspite of their growing in highly sodic soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02377155
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  • 21
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    Electronic Resource
    Protein content, distribution and retention during milling of brown rice (1986)
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 36 (1986), S. 17-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: brown rice ; protein content ; protein distribution ; milling loss ; endosperm ; Oryza sativa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Brown rice of IR36 and IR42 check samples from the 1982 dry and wet season yield trials showed good correlation of milled-rice protein and brown-rice protein (r=0.97**,n=40) with 10% bran-polish removal by an emery abrasive mill. Among selected grain samples of both varieties, 80 to 86% of brown-rice protein was retained in the milled rice with both friction and abrasive mills. Stereological morphometry of 1-µm-thick sections showed that endosperm storage protein decreases in amount with increasing distance from the aleurone layer. A similar protein gradient was found in both average-protein and high-protein samples. Milling removed all of the pericarp, seed coat and nucellus, and virtually all of the aleurone layer and embryo, but removed very little of the nonaleurone endosperm, except from the lateral ridges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01091749
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  • 22
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    Electronic Resource
    Interspecific cytoplasm substitutions of an Indica strain of Oryza sativa L. and O. Glaberrima Steud (1985)
    Springer
    Euphytica 34 (1985), S. 587-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; Oryza glaberrima ; African rice ; cytoplasmic male sterility ; anther dehiscence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary To study differential nucleus-cytoplasm interactions between the two cultivated rice species, Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima, cytoplasmic substitution lines were made by using a glaberrima strain (G) and an Indica strain of sativa (S). The G cytoplasm had no adverse effect on pollen development when combined with the nucleus of S. On the other hand, when the S cytoplasm was combined with the G nucleus, the substitution line showed no seed set because of male sterility although the pollen grains were normally stained with I2-KI solution. A dominant gene derived from S strain seemed to cause anther indehiscence in the substitution line. Further, a restorer gene (Rf j)from Akebono of Japonica type was effective on pollen restoration in the male sterile line, suggesting that the S cytoplasm is the same as those of Japonica type in terms of a fertility-restoring system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00035393
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological observations in some hybrids between the rice species Oryza sativa L. and O. glaberrima Steud. (1985)
    Springer
    Euphytica 34 (1985), S. 75-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; Oryza glaberrima ; African rice ; interspecific hybrids ; hybrid sterility ; male sterility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Several hybrids between Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima and their backcrosses with O. sativa were studied. Their seed sterility was very different; large differences were also observed in the level of pollen sterility and in the earliness of microspore failure. The proportion of aborted embryo sacs was much lower than the rate of sterile male gametophytes. The backcross populations were much more sterile than the corresponding F1 hybrids. On the base of our observations and according to the literature, we may conclude that genic unbalance is the main cause of sterility of these hybrids, but that physiological factors may also be involved. Thus a restoration of fertility is generally possible by selection. On the other hand, male-sterile lines could be bred from some of these hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022865
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  • 24
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    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance studies of characters associated with floating habit and their linkage relationship in rice (1985)
    Springer
    Euphytica 34 (1985), S. 875-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; floating habit ; genetics ; linkage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Deep water rice varieties in general have certain peculiar characters which are associated with floating habit. These characters are (i) early nodal differentiation, (ii) nodal rooting, (iii) spreading habit, (iv) awned grains, (v) brown hull colour, (vi) red pericarp (red rice), and (vii) seed dormancy. Inheritance of these characters and linkage relationship of genes governing these characters were studied in a cross between Pankaj (non floating) and Nageribao (floating) rice varieties. Nageribao, a cultivar from Assam possesses these characters. Early nodal differentiation was observed to be controlled by a single dominant gene, designated as ‘Nd’. Nodal rooting was controlled by two dominant complementary genes, designated as ‘Nr 1’ and ‘Nr 2’. We found an inhibitory factor for spreading habit and one for brown hull colour in Pankaj; the operation of two dominant duplicate genes ‘An 1’ and ‘An 2’ for controlling awning characters, a single dominant gene ‘Rd’ for red pericarp colour and a single dominant gene ‘Gd’ for grain dormancy. Joint segregations between these characters resulted in the assignment of genes in the X linkage group of indica rices with estimated map distances based on the cross-over values. The genes ‘An’ (awning), ‘Es’ (spreading habit), ‘Nr’ (nodal rooting) and ‘Nd’ (nodal differentiation) were observed to be associated with each other. The gene for red pericarp (Rd) was observed to be linked with the grain dormaney gene ‘Gd’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00035427
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