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  • 1995-1999  (168)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    General formula for bending beam determination of case II diffusion in polymer-containing bilayer structures (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 55 (1995), S. 1517-1527 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An exact formula has been presented to correlate the bending curvature cariation ratio, Ω, of any given bilayer structure comprising a solvent-swellable polymer layer with diffusion time, t, under case II diffusion. The formula can be used to determine the diffusion front velocity, v, for layered structures comprising a thick polymer film on a thin substrate or vice versa when subjected to solvent diffusion. According to this formula, there is little effect from plasticization or swelling in the transverse direction on the diffusion curve of Ω vs. t if the polymer layer to be investigated is relatively thin and its intrinsic hygroscopic strain ratio is less than unity. By using this model, the diffusion of N-methyl pyrollidinone (NMP) in a 18-μm rodlike pyromellitic dianhydride p-phenylene-diamine (PMDA-PDA) polymide film, coated on a 75-μm silicon substrate, is found to be case II with a diffusion front velocity of 1.84 × 10-7 cm/s. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070551103
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of vapor deposition polymerized polyimide thin films (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 2239-2246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: vapor deposition polymerization ; polyimide ; surface topology ; characterization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Vapor deposition polymerized (VDP) polyimide (PI) thin films were prepared and characterized by using thermogravimetrical analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and bending-beam techniques. The film properties investigated were thermal stability, wet-etching characteristics, surface topology, imidization characteristics, internal stress upon curing and thermal cycling, and hygroscopic stress upon moisture diffusion. Markedly different characteristics are observed for the VDP-PI films when comparing with the conventional ones. They seem denser in film structure and have better mechanical properties, but are somewhat less stable in thermal resistance. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predictions of swirling flow in sudden-expansion dump combustor with flameholder side-inlet using two-step combustion model (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow 9 (1999), S. 764-787 
    Details
    ISSN: 0961-5539
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The swirling flow of sudden-expansion dump combustor with central V-gutter flameholder and six side-inlets is studied by employing the SIMPLE-C algorithm and Jones-Launder k-e two-equation turbulent model. Both combustion models of one-step with infinite chemical reaction rate and two-step with finite chemical reaction rate of eddy-breakup (EBU) model are used to solve the present problem. The results agreed well with available prediction data in terms of axial-velocity and total pressure coefficient along combustor centerline. The flowfield structure of combustor considered is strongly affected by swirling, flameholder and side-inlet flow. For the fixed strength of swirling, the length of central recirculation zone is decreased when the angle of V-gutter is increased. The outlet velocity of combustor in reacting flow is higher than that in cold flow because the released heat of combustion causes the decrease of density throughout the combustor flowfield. The distribution of mass fraction of various species in reacting process depends on the mixing effect, chemical kinetic and the geometric configuration of combustor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615539910291154
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isomers of SO3: Infrared absorption of OSOO in solid argon (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 5745-5753 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sulfur trioxide (SO3) isolated in solid argon at 12 K was irradiated with light at 193 nm from an ArF excimer laser. Recombination of photofragments O and SO2 produces OSOO that absorbs at 1229.6, 1041.3, and 597.6 cm−1. The assignments are based on observed 34S- and 18O-isotopic shifts. Theoretical calculations using the B-P86 and the B3-LYP density functional methods were carried out for five isomers of SO3; energies and vibrational wave numbers were predicted for each one. Observed line positions, infrared intensities, and isotopic shifts fit well with those predicted for cis-OSOO at the B-P86 level. Further irradiation of the matrix sample with emission at 248 nm from a KrF laser bleached OSOO and enhanced absorption lines of SO2 and, to a lesser extent, of SO3. The mechanism of formation of OSOO in a matrix cage is discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471335
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental Investigation of the Phase Equilibria in the Carbon Dioxide-Propane-3 M MDEA System (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 34 (1995), S. 2526-2529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00046a038
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress effect on coercivity of γ-Fe2O3 thin films (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1184-1188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin Fe3O4 films were deposited in situ on Si(100) substrates by dc-reactive magnetron sputtering method, and then γ-Fe2O3 thin films were obtained by post-oxidation treatment. The effect of residual stress on coercivity of these films was studied by a bending-beam method. In situ stress-temperature curves of the films taken during the whole heat treatment processes revealed the magnitude and state of film stresses. The measured coercivity increments (470 Oe) are very close to the value (460 Oe) calculated based on stress-induced anisotropy for films with pure γ-Fe2O3 phase. For a film with mixed Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3 mixed phase, the magnetostriction is calculated to be 17×10−6. In situ stress-temperature data are provided to depict phase transformations and stress effects on the coercivity of such films. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358983
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An efficient all-solid-state ultraviolet laser source (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1542-1544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stable high-power operation in the uv is achieved from a commercial multi-kHz diode-pumped multimode Q-switched Nd:YAG laser by fourth-harmonic generation in an external cavity. Over 640 mW at 266 nm in a TEM00 beam and an internal conversion efficiency of 30% were obtained. A lifetime of one-billion shots at several hundred mW and a long-term power stability of ±1% were recorded, demonstrating that this source has the potential of stable long-term operation using readily available components. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120576
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-layer organic electroluminescent devices by vapor deposition polymerization (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 1302-1304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel method is presented herein regarding the preparation of a single-layer organic electroluminescent (EL) polymer thin film device. The device was made by simultaneously co-depositing two polymer thin film forming monomers, a hole-transporting molecule triphenyldiamine derivative (TPD) and an EL active molecule 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene (TPB) on an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass substrate. The device structure was composed of the ITO glass, the TPD, and TPB co-doped polymer thin film, and a thermally evaporated aluminum electrode. Carrier injection from the two electrodes was significantly observed and the blue light in EL spectra, with an emission maximum at 435 nm, was triggered at a driving voltage of 17 V. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119878
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Hybrid Neuro-Fuzzy System for Adaptive Vehicle Separation Control (1999)
    Springer
    The journal of VLSI signal processing systems for signal, image, and video technology 21 (1999), S. 15-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-109X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The primary purpose of this paper is to develop a robust adaptive vehicle separation control in the increasingly important roles of intelligent transportation system (ITS). A hybrid neuro-fuzzy system (HNFS) is proposed for developing the adaptive vehicle separation control to minimize the distance (headway) between successive cars. This hybrid system consists of two modules: a headway identification (prediction) module and a control decision module. Each of these modules is realized with a distinct neuro-fuzzy network that upgrades hierarchical granularity and reduces the complexity in the control system. Given the current headway and relative velocity between the two consecutive cars, the headway identification module predicts the headway of the next time instant. This identified headway, together with the desired velocity are input to the control decision module whose output is the actual acceleration/deceleration control output. The HNFS encapsulates the adaptive learning capabilities of a neural network into a fuzzy logic control framework to fine-tune the fuzzy control rules. On the other hand, rules derived initially from well-defined fuzzy phase plane accelerate the training of the neural network. Simulation results are very encouraging. It is observed that the headway decreases significantly without sacrificing speed. Furthermore, both stability and robustness of HNFS are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008071521053
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Signals in Stochastically Generated Neurons (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of computational neuroscience 6 (1999), S. 5-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6873
    Keywords: stochastic neurons ; dendrites ; synapse location ; hippocampus ; membrane resistivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract To incorporate variation of neuron shape in neural models, we developed a method of generating a population of realistically shaped neurons. Parameters that characterize a neuron include soma diameters, distances to branch points, fiber diameters, and overall dendritic tree shape and size. Experimentally measured distributions provide a means of treating these morphological parameters as stochastic variables in an algorithm for production of neurons. Stochastically generated neurons shapes were used in a model of hippocampal dentate gyrus granule cells. A large part of the variation of whole neuron input resistance RN is due to variation in shape. Membrane resistivity Rm computed from RN varies accordingly. Statistics of responses to synaptic activation were computed for different dendritic shapes. Magnitude of response variation depended on synapse location, measurement site, and attribute of response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008893415203
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