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  • 1
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    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi (1878-9080) vol.45 (2020) p.1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-24
    Description: Members of the genus Cytospora are often reported as endophytes, saprobes or phytopathogens, primarily causing canker diseases of woody host plants. They occur on a wide range of hosts and have a worldwide distribution. Although several species have in the past been reported from China, the vast majority are not known from culture or DNA phylogeny. The primary aim of the present study was thus to clarify the taxonomy and phylogeny of a large collection of Cytospora species associated with diverse hosts in China. Cytospora spp. were collected in northeast, northwest, north and southwest China, indicating that the cold and dry environments favour these fungi. In this paper, we provide an assessment of 52 Cytospora spp. in China, focussing on 40 species represented by 88 isolates from 28 host genera. Based on a combination of morphology and a six-locus phylogeny (ITS, LSU, act1, rpb2, tef1-α and tub2), 13 new species and one new combination are introduced. The majority of the species investigated here appear to be host-specific, although further collections and pathogenicity studies will be required to confirm this conclusion.
    Keywords: canker disease ; new taxa ; plant pathogen ; systematics ; taxonomy ; Valsa
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi (1878-9080) vol.44 (2020) p.1
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Fresh collections and their ascospore and conidial isolates backed up by type studies and molecular phylogenetic analyses of a multigene matrix of partial nuSSU-, complete ITS, partial LSU rDNA, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences were used to evaluate the boundaries and species composition of Fenestella and related genera of the Cucurbitariaceae. Eight species, of which five are new, are recognised in Fenestella s.str., 13 in Parafenestella with eight new species and two in the new genus Synfenestella with one new species. Cucurbitaria crataegi is combined in Fenestella, C. sorbi in Synfenestella, Fenestella faberi and Thyridium salicis in Parafenestella. Cucurbitaria subcaespitosa is distinct from C. sorbi and combined in Neocucurbitaria. Fenestella minor is a synonym of Valsa tetratrupha, which is combined in Parafenestella. Cucurbitaria marchica is synonymous with Parafenestella salicis, Fenestella bavarica with S. sorbi, F. macrospora with F. media, and P. mackenziei is synonymous with P. faberi, and the latter is lectotypified. Cucurbitaria sorbi, C. subcaespitosa and Fenestella macrospora are lecto- and epitypified, Cucurbitaria crataegi, Fenestella media, F. minor and Valsa tetratrupha are epitypified in order to stabilise the names in their phylogenetic positions. A neotype is proposed for Thyridium salicis. A determinative key to species is given. Asexual morphs of fenestelloid fungi are phoma-like and do not differ from those of other representatives of the Cucurbitariaceae. The phylogenetic structure of the fenestelloid clades is complex and can only be resolved at the species level by protein-coding genes, such as rpb2, tef1 and tub2. All fungal species studied here occur, as far as has been possible to determine, on members of Diaporthales, most frequently on asexual and sexual morphs of Cytospora.
    Keywords: Cucurbitaria ; Dothideomycetes ; multigene phylogenetic analysis ; new taxa ; Phoma ; Pleosporales ; Pyrenochaeta
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The identity of the subgenera Isocrassina Chavan, 1950, Laevastarte Hinsch, 1952, and Ashtarotha Dall, 1903, of the genus Astarte Sowerby, 1816 in the family Astartidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia) is discussed. Isocrassina has been widely used for Pliocene species in the North Sea Basin. Here it is demonstrated, that this is based on a redefinition of this subgenus, which excludes its type-species. As the North Sea species differ considerably from the type-species of Isocrassina in aspects of ornament and details of the hinge, it is concluded that they should be placed in the genus Laevastarte. A slightly modified definition of Isocrassina and Laevastarte is given and both are raised to genus level. The morphological basis for Ashtarotha is quite weak and it is found doubtful if it should be maintained. The species now incorporated in Laevastarte, known from the beaches and estuaries in the province of Zeeland (The Netherlands) are described and extensively illustrated. The present study also includes in situ specimens from excavations in the Antwerp region (Belgium) as well as from some boreholes in Zeeland. One new species, Laevastarte ovatacostata n. sp., and a new forma, Laevastarte bipartita (Sowerby, 1826) forma confusa are introduced. Neotypes are designated for Astarte omalii De la Jonkaire, 1823 and Astarte basterotii De la Jonkaire, 1823.
    Keywords: Bivalvia ; Astartidae ; Astarte ; Isocrassina ; Laevastarte ; Ashtarotha ; Pliocene ; Miocene ; North Sea Basin ; systematics ; new taxa ; neotype designation
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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