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  • Chemistry  (946)
  • ddc:330
  • 2020-2022  (972)
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  • 1
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    Cholesterolgehalte in Fischereierzeugnissen vom Deutschen Markt (2021)
    In:  J.Oehlenschlaeger@gmx.net | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11132 | 1240 | 2013-04-08 18:42:57 | 11132 | Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: KurzfassungZahlreiche Fischereierzeugnisse aus dem Deutschen Handel wurden auf ihren Gehalt an Cholesterol hin analysiert. ZurAnalyse gelangten 38 verschiedene Dauerkonserven von acht Fischarten, 4 Produkte kalt geräucherter AtlantischerZuchtlachs in Scheiben, 10 Garnelenarten und 25 Fischstäbchenerzeugnisse von 5 Tierarten in Verbraucherpackungen. Bei den Dauerkonserven lagen die Gehalte zwischen 24 und 40 mg/100 g. Zwei Ausnahmen bildeten Sprottenkonserven mit durchschnittlich 107 mg/100 g und Oktopuskonserven mit 196 mg/100 g. Die Garnelenarten variierten zwischen 84 und 161 mg/100g. Die kalt geräucherten Lachsscheiben wiesen nur eine kleine Bandbreite im Cholesterolgehalt zwischen 38 und 43mg/100 g auf. Alle Fischstäbchen aus Magerfischen enthielten niedrige Gehalte an Cholesterol (Pangasius hypophthalmus 25, Seehecht 19, Seelachs 31 und Alaska Seehecht 28 mg/100 g), während die zwei Proben aus Tintenfischen über 100 mg/100 g lagen.AbstractNumerous fishery products from the German market have been analysed for their content of cholesterol. In total 38 different canned fishery products produced from 8 species, 4 products of sliced cold smoked Atlantic salmon, 10 species of crustacean shellfish and 25 different brands of consumer packages of fish fingers (produced from 5 species) were investigated. Canned fishery products contained amounts of cholesterol ranging from 24 to 40 mg/100 g. However, canned sprats exhibit cholesterol content as high as 107 mg/100g and canned octopus 196 mg/100 g. Crustacean shellfish was found to contain cholesterol content between 84 and 161 mg/100 g depending of species. Sliced cold smoked salmon in 200 g consumer packages showed only a little variation in cholesterol content (38-43 mg/100 g). In all fish fingers produced from lean fish species lowcholesterol content (pangasius or sutchi catfish 25, hake 19, saithe 31, and Alaska Pollack 28 mg/100 g, respectively) was found, whereas two products produced from squid exceeded 100 mg/100 g.
    Description: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Federal Research Institute of Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung - Information on Fishery Research in 2010
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Information Management ; fish products ; consumer protection ; chemical analysis ; nutrition advice ; healthy nutrition
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 71-79
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  • 2
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    PCR-SSCP and Isoelectric Focusing as Screening Methods for Identification of (Sub-) Tropical Fish Species (2021)
    In:  hartmut.rehbein@mri.bund.de | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11167 | 1240 | 2013-05-17 07:56:42 | 11167 | Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: To ensure the authentication of fishery products lacking biological characters, rapid species identification methods are required. Two DNA- and protein-based methods, PCR-SSCP (polymerase chain reaction - single strand conformation polymorphism) of a 464 bp segment of the cytochrome b – gene and isoelectric focusing (IEF) of water-soluble proteins from fish fillets, were applied to identify fillets of (sub-) tropical fish species available on the European market. Among the samples analysed weretwo taxonomically identified species from the family Sciaenidae and one from Sphyraenidae. By comparison of DNA- and protein patterns of different samples, information about intra-species variability of patterns,and homogeneity of batches (e.g. fillet blocks or bags) can be obtained. PCR-SSCP and IEF may be useful for pre-checking of a large number of samples by food control laboratories.ZusammenfassungZur Sicherstellung der Authentizität von Fischerei-Erzeugnissen ohne biologische Merkmale sind schnelle Verfahren zur Speziesidentifizierung hilfreich. Zwei Methoden der DNA- bzw. Protein-Analyse wurden eingesetzt, um Filets (sub-) tropischer Fischarten, die auf dem europäischen Markt angeboten werden, zu identifizieren. Bei diesen Methoden handelt es sich um die PCR-SSCP (Polymerase-Kettenreaktion – Einzelstrang-Konformationspolymorphismus) – Analyse der PCR-Produkte und die IEF (isoelektrische Fokussierung) der wasserlöslichen Fischmuskelproteine. Unter den untersuchten Proben waren zwei taxonomisch bestimmte Arten aus der Familie Sciaenidae und eine Spezies aus der Familie Sphyraenidae. Durch Vergleich der DNA- bzw. Proteinmuster lassen sich Informationen über die intra-spezifische Variabilität solcher Muster und die Einheitlichkeit von Partien (beispielsweise Filetblöcke oder Filetbeutel) gewinnen. PCR-SSCP und IEF könnenin Laboratorien der Lebensmittelüberwachung als Vortest gerade bei hohen Probenzahlen sinnvoll eingesetzt werden.
    Description: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Federal Research Institute of Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung - Information on Fishery Research in 2010
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; fish species identification ; PCR ; SSCP ; IEF ; Sciaenidae ; Sphyraenidae ; Fischarten-Identifizierung
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 81-89
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  • 3
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    Hydrographic and climatological study of Area M-3 - Ecological Survey of Area M-3 (2021)
    Texas Game and Fish Commission Marine Laboratory | Rockport, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14207 | 9596 | 2020-08-23 22:50:08 | 14207 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: In order to obtain information on the characteristics of water and climate that prevail in Galveston Bay, East Bay, and West Bay, established stations were sampled regularly. Information derived from samples included water temperature and salinity. Additional information of this nature was derived from other bay studies. Information on river flow, air temperature and wind were derived from publications. Water temperatures were found to follow air temperatures closely. The prevailing winds in all but two months were on-shore winds. Salinities were found to vary inversely with the volume of fresh water entering the bays from the Trinity River. West Bay, due to its locations, is affected less than the other bays by fresh water from the Trinity River. Vertical and horizontal salinity gradients were found to be the normal pattern in East Bay and Galveston Bay. West Bay, with two major passes to the Gulf of Mexico and with no major source of fresh water, normally maintained higher salinities than the other bays.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Oceanography ; GBIC ; hydrography ; meteorology ; salinity gradients ; temperature ; salinity ; water sampling
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 7
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  • 4
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    Bioasssay, Chemical Analyses, and Statistical Analyses of Samples Obtained from Galveston Harbor, Texas (2021)
    South Central Environmental Center, NUS Corporation | Houston, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14172 | 9596 | 2020-08-31 20:26:12 | 14172 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: In May 1979, Contract No. DACW64-79-C-0037, for performance of bioassays and bioaccumulation studies, chemical analyses of sediments, seawater and elutriate materials, and appropriate statistical analyses of samples obtained from the Galveston Harbor and Sabine-Neches Waterway Channels, was awarded to NUS Corporation by the Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District. These studies are part of a continuing evaluation of the potential environmental effects of proposed ocean disposal of dredged materials and are required for compliance with provisions of Section 103 of the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (PL 92-532). This final report presents the results of dredged material evaluations for the Galveston Harbor Channel project area.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; bioassay ; chemical analyses ; statistical analyses ; water quality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 146
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  • 5
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    Chemical and physical analysis of the water of Area M-2 (2021)
    Texas Game and Fish Commission | Rockport, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14213 | 9596 | 2020-08-23 22:33:19 | 14213 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: Observations and analysis of the various features of the water of upper Galveston and Trinity Bays (Area M-2) were made using dye, thermometers, chemical tests, and other appropriate methods. Information and data were also collected from numerous publications and other sources. The distribution of marine organisms relative to pollution in the Houston Ship Channel was investigated.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Pollution ; chemical analysis ; physical properties ; water analysis ; pollution ; marine organisms ; ecological distribution ; GBIC
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 19
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  • 6
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    Contrasting seasonal patterns in dimethylsulfide, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, and chlorophyll a in a shallow North Carolina estuary and the Sargasso Sea (2021)
    In:  bill.sunda@noaa.gov | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14910 | 403 | 2014-03-11 19:18:24 | 14910 | United States National Ocean Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: Time series measurements of dimethylsulfide (DMS), particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPp), chlorophyll a (chl a), algal pigments, major nutrients, and the potential activity of DMSP lyase enzymes were made over a 2 yr period (6 March 2003 to 28 March 2005) near the mouth of the shallow, tidally mixed Newport River estuary, North Carolina, USA. DMSPp had a mean of 43 ± 20 nM (range = 10.5 to 141 nM, n = 85) and DMS a mean of 2.7 ± 1.2 nM (range = 0.9 to 7.0 nM). The mean DMS in Gallants Channel was not significantly different from that measured in the Sargasso Sea near Bermuda during a previous 3 yr time series study (2.4 ± 1.5 nM), despite there being a 43-fold higher mean chl a concentration (4.9 ± 2.4 µg l–1) at the coastal site. In winter, DMS was low and chl a was high in the surface waters of the Sargasso Sea, while the opposite was true at the coastal site. Consequently, DMS concentrations per unit algal chl a were on average 170 times higher in the Sargasso Sea than at the coastal site during the summer, but only 7 times higher during the winter. The much higher chl a-specific DMS concentrations at the oceanic site during the summer were linked to higher ratios of intracellular DMSP substrate and DMSP lyase enzyme per unit chl a. These differences in turn appear to be linked to large differences in nutrient concentrations and solar UV stress at the 2 sites and to associated differences in the composition of algal assemblages and physiological acclimation of algal cells.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 281-294
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  • 7
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    Immunomodulatory effects of domoic acid differ between In vivo and In vitro exposure in mice (2021)
    In:  milton.levin@uconn.edu | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14911 | 403 | 2014-03-10 20:01:03 | 14911 | United States National Ocean Service
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: The immunotoxic potential of domoic acid (DA), a well-characterized neurotoxin, has not been fully investigated. Phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation were evaluated following in vitro and in vivo exposure to assay direct vs indirect effects. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of DA (2.5 µg/g b.w.) and sampled after 12, 24, or 48 hr. In a separate experiment, leukocytes and splenocytes were exposed in vitro to 0, 1, 10, or 100 µM DA. In vivo exposure resulted in a significant increase in monocyte phagocytosis (12-hr), a significant decrease in neutrophil phagocytosis (24-hr), a significant decrease in monocyte phagocytosis (48-hr), and a significant reduction in T-cell mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation (24-hr). In vitro exposure significantly reduced neutrophil and monocyte phagocytosis at 1 µM. B- and T-cell mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation were both significantly increased at 1 and 10 µM, and significantly decreased at 100 µM. Differences between in vitro and in vivo results suggest that DA may exert its immunotoxic effects both directly and indirectly. Modulation of cytosolic calcium suggests that DA exerts its effects through ionotropic glutamate subtype surface receptors at least on monocytes. This study is the first to identify DA as an immunotoxic chemical in a mammalian species.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Health
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 636-659
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  • 8
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    Radiometric validation of age, growth, and longevity for the blackgill rockfish (Sebastes melanostomus) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15095 | 403 | 2014-05-28 03:30:26 | 15095 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: As nearshore fish populations decline, many commercialfishermen have shifted fishing effort to deeper continental slope habitats to target fishes for which biologicalinformation is limited. One such fishery that developed in the northeastern Pacific Ocean in the early 1980s was for the blackgill rockfish (Sebastes melanostomus), a deep-dwelling (300−800 m) species that congregates over rocky pinnacles, mainly from southern California to southernOregon. Growth zone-derived age estimates from otolith thin sections were compared to ages obtained from the radioactive disequilibria of 210Pb, in relation to its parent, 226Ra, in otolith cores of blackgill rockfish. Age estimates were validated up to 41 years, and a strong pattern of agreement supported a longevity exceeding 90years. Age and length data fitted to the von Bertalanffy growth function indicated that blackgill rockfish are slow-growing (k= 0.040 females, 0.068 males) and that females grow slower than males, but reach a greater length. Age at 50% maturity, derived from previously published length-at-maturity estimates, was 17 years for males and 21 years for females. The results of this study agree with general life history traits already recognized for many Sebastes species, such as long life, slow growth, and late age at maturation. These traits may undermine the sustainability of blackgill rockfish populations when heavy fishing pressure, such as that which occurred in the 1980s, is applied.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 711-722
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  • 9
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    Investigation of congeneric hybridization in and stock structure of weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) inferred from analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA loci (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15137 | 403 | 2014-05-23 00:06:17 | 15137 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-03
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 443-450
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  • 10
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    Effects of blood extraction on horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15139 | 403 | 2014-05-23 00:04:39 | 15139 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-03
    Description: Horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) are caught by commercial fishermen for use as bait in eel and whelk fisheries (Berkson and Shuster, 1999)—fisheries with an annual economic value of $13 to $17 million (Manion et al.1). Horse-shoe crabs are ecologically important, as well (Walls et al., 2002). Migratory shorebirds rely on horseshoe crab eggs for food as they journey from South American wintering grounds to Arctic breeding grounds (Clark, 1996). Horse-shoe crabs are also essential for public health (Berkson and Shuster, 1999). Biomedical companies bleed horse-shoe crabs to extract a chemical used to detect the presence of endotoxins pathogenic to humans in injectable and implantable medical devices (Novitsky, 1984; Mikkelsen, 1988). Bled horseshoe crabs are returned to the wild, subject to the possibility of postbleeding mortality. Recent concerns of overharvesting have led to conflicts among commercial fishermen, environmentalists acting on behalf of the shorebirds, and biomedical companies (Berkson and Shuster, 1999; Walls et al., 2002).
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 457-459
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