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  • Other Sources  (39)
  • Pflanzenschädling  (23)
  • Aircraft Propulsion and Power  (16)
  • 1940-1944  (39)
  • 1
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    In:  Zeitschrift
    Publication Date: 1944
    Description: Detailierte Berichte über das Auftreten von Schaderregern in der Landwirtschaft für jedes Jahr; Zusammenhänge zu Witterungsbedingungen werden zu Beginn der entsprechenden Hefte, sowie teilw. bei Besprechung der jeweiligen Schaderreger hergestellt KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland, regional aufgelöst ; 1944-1945 ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 2
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    In:  Anz. Schädl.kunde 20: 16ff
    Publication Date: 1944
    Description: Beziehung zwischen Klima und Insektenbiologie KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland, teilw. einzelne Regionen ; 1936-1941 ; Insekten ; Luftfeuchte ; Forst ; Klima ; Niederschlag ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur
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  • 3
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    In:  Schweiz Ztschr. Forstwes. 93: 330-332
    Publication Date: 1942
    Description: Beschreibung über das außergewöhnliche Massenauftreten der Buchenblattgallmücke im Kanton Glaurus, fast jedes Blatt war befallen, bereits am 1. August war große Zahl der Blätter dürr KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Schweiz ; 1942 ; Insekten ; Buche ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 4
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    In:  Ann. ent. fenn. 10: 181-183
    Publication Date: 1944
    Description: Beschreibung des Überwinterungsverhaltens des Kiefernspinners KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Zusammenhang zwischen geografischer Breite, Temperatur und dem Überwinterungsverhalten des Kiefernspinners KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T-, dann zweimaliges Überwintern der Larven bei Versuchen in Finnland
    Keywords: Finnland ; 1940-44 ; Insekten ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur
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  • 5
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    In:  Tharandter forst. Jahrb. 93: 681-687
    Publication Date: 1942
    Description: Auswertung der in Sachsen durchgeführten Anlockversuche und des Abfaltens über die Biologie der Nonne KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Verschiebung der Hauptflugzeit des Falters, Unterschiede um bis 10-20 Tage feststellbar KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Sachsen ; 1937-1942 ; Insekten ; Forst ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1943
    Description: Zusammenhang zwischen dem vermehrten Auftreten des Bergkieferenkäfers (Dendroctonus ponderosae) und den Witterungsbedingungen KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Änderung des Niederschlages und damit einhergehendes vermindertes Wachstum hat in vielen Jahren den Befall mit Dendroctonus ponderosae und Epidemien gefördert, jedoch sind auch starke Befallsjahre in Jahren mit guter Niederschlagsverteilung mit geringerer Häufigkeit vorgekommen KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Amerika ; 1932-39 ; Fichte ; Forst ; Pflanzenschädling ; Wachstum
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  • 7
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    In:  Ztschr. Forst-, Jagdwesen 73: 201-246
    Publication Date: 1941
    Description: Beschreibung des Zusammenhangs zwischen der Eizahl und der Kokonzahl der Kiefernhornblattwespe auf das Massenauftreten KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Betimmung der kritischen Anzhal Eier und der kritischen Anzahl Winter- und Sommerkokons für das Massenauftreten KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Sachsen, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; 1939-40 ; Insekten ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 8
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    In:  Ztschr. angew. Ent. 29: 367-411
    Publication Date: 1942
    Description: Untersuchungen zu biotischen und abiotischen Ursachen für den Zusammenbruch der Population der Kiefernbuschhornblattwespe KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Ursachen für den Zusammenbruch der Kiefernbuschhornblattwespen-Population neben dem harten Winter 1939/40 eine andauernde Schönwetterperiode Ende April/Anfang Mai und vor allem stärkere Vermehrung der Feinde KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta sonn +, (April-Mai) führte zu erhöhten Vertrocknen der Kokons der Kiefernbuschhornblattwespe im Jahr 1940
    Keywords: Nordostdeutschland ; 1939-40 ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur ; Sonnenscheindauer
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  • 9
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    In:  Ztschr. Pfl.krankh. 51: 257-278
    Publication Date: 1941
    Description: Beschreibung der Massenvermehrung der Kiefernblattwespe, Hauptgrung ist die Umwandlung von ursprünglich Laubwaldgesellschaften in reine Kieferngesellschaften, Bedeutung der Temperatur für das Überliegen der Larven KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Temperatur und Luftfeuchte für das Überliegen der Larven entscheidend und damit auch für ein Massenauftreten im darauffolgenden Jahr, Begünstigung der Parasitierung der Kieferblattwespe KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T- (Juli-August und im Winter), dann Geschlechterfolge von Diprion pini stark dezimiert
    Keywords: Slowakei ; 1939-40 ; Insekten ; Luftfeuchte ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur ; Parasit
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  • 10
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    In:  Ztschr. angew. Ent. 28: 125-156
    Publication Date: 1941
    Description: Beschreibung von Massenauftreten mit wirtschaftlichem Schaden der Kiefernschonungs-Gespinstblattwespe (Acantholyda erythrocephala L.) in Europa, detaillierte Untersuchungen zum Massenauftreten östlich von Schwerin in den Jahren 1937-40 KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Starker Anstieg des Befalls mit der Kiefernschonungs-Gespinstblattwespe in den Jahren 1939 und 1940, wirtschafltiche Schäden durch Absterben der Kiefern lagen bei 5% des Bestandes in einzelnen Unterförstereien KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; 1828-1940 ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 11
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    In:  Ztschr. angew. Ent. 29: 412-441 u. 601-635
    Publication Date: 1942
    Description: Beschreibung der Biologie der Buschhornblattwespe vom Schlüpfen, über die Entwicklung bis hin zum Überliegen und die abiotischen Sterlichkeitsursachen, u.a. witterungsbedingt KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Beginn der Frühjahrsgeneration ist klima- und wetterbedingt, unter günstigen Bedingungen (milder Winter) bereits im Januar Beginn der Entwicklung und Schlupfbeginn ab Anfang April KATASTER-DETAIL: Tmit- (Spätfrühjahr und Frühwinterwitterung) , dann Schlupfbeginn später und Anteil der Überlieger höher
    Keywords: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; 1937-1940 ; Insekten ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur ; Vegetationsperiode ; Wachstum ; Witterung
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 1941
    Description: Beobachtungen über das vermehrte Auftreten der Kiefernschonungs-Gespinstblattwespe KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Durch Massenvermehrung der Kiefernschonungs-Gespinstblattwespe und Fraß an Nadeln des Maitriebes bei Kieferen kommt es zum Absterben der Bäume, vorwiegend auf Kuppen und sandigen Standorten, weniger in Mulden und Senken KATASTER-DETAIL: Massenauftreten der Kiefernschonungs-Gespinstblattwespe führte bis 1939 zu Absterben von mindestens 5% der Kiefernbestände, nach 1940 noch höhere Schäden
    Keywords: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; 1920-40 ; Insekten ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 13
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    In:  Mitt. Biol. Reichsanst. H. 63: 46-48
    Publication Date: 1941
    Description: Beschreibungen zum Gesundheitszustand einer Population von Nonnen, ihrer Lebens- und Vermehrungsfähigkeit im Zusammenhang mit dem Massenauftreten, aber auch dem Zusammenbrechen der Population KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Verringerung der Populationssichte durch Räuber kann bei 95% liegen KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 1900-1940 ; Insekten ; Forst ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 14
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    In:  Dtsch. Forstztg. 10: 307-308
    Publication Date: 1941
    Description: Beschreibung der großen Frassschäden der letzten Jahrzehnte, bezug der Temperatur und des Niederschlages auf die Entwicklungsmöglichkeit einer Population KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Ziiterte Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung der Nonnenraupe KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T+ (Temperaturoptimum von 21.5°C, Ende April-Anfang Mai), dann günstige Entwiclungsbedingungen Delta Nied- (relative Feuchte schwankt zwischen 50-100%), dann Absterben großer Zahl futtersuchender Raupen
    Keywords: Deutschland, teilw. einzelne Regionen ; 1850-1940 ; Insekten ; Luftfeuchte ; Fichte ; Forst ; Kiefer ; Niederschlag ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur
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  • 15
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    In:  Ann. Ent. fenn. 8: 49-71
    Publication Date: 1942
    Description: Schadinsekten und Pilze der Espe, Beschreibung und Beziehung verschiedener Insekten und Pilze an dem Vertrockungsprozess KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Finnland ; 1939-1940 ; Insekten ; Forst ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 16
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    In:  Rev. canad. Biol. 2: 149-167
    Publication Date: 1943
    Description: Studien über die Schlupftermine der Europäischen Fichtenbuschhornblattwespe, Übertragbarkeit von Entwicklungstadien bei gleicher klimatischen Bedingungen KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Durch Einteilung in klimatische Zonen konnte die Unterschiede in Tagen des Ausschlüpfen aus den Eiern der Fichtenbuschhornblattwespe für Kanada und die USA dargestellt werden. KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Kanada und USA ; 1940-42 ; Insekten ; Fichte ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 1942
    Description: Beobachtungen zur Massenvermehrung des Kiefernspanners in gleichaltrigem, umgleichaltrigem und Kiefern-Eichenbestand und der Bezug zu abiotischen Faktoren KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Beziehung zwischen Kiefernspanner und belebter Umwelt, im Mischwaldbeständen ist Dynamik höher, Anteil des Wetters an der Mortalität liegt bei ca. 12% (mit sehr starken Schwankungen), stark abhängig von der Lebensbedingungen für die natürlichen Feinde des Spinners KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Sachsen-Anhalt ; 1936-1937 ; Insekten ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 18
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    In:  Ann. Ent. fenn., Helsinki, 8: 143-163
    Publication Date: 1942
    Description: Vertrockungnung der Eberesche, der Salweide durch den Befall mit Kleinschmetterlingen, bzw. Käfern und sekundär Pilzen, Bescchreibung der Prozesse und Auswirkungen KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Finnland ; 1939-40 ; Insekten ; Forst ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 19
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    In:  Mitt. Forstwirtsch. u. -wissensch. 12: 25-68
    Publication Date: 1941
    Description: Auswertung verschiedener Parameter (Nonnenraupen, Falterflug) in unterschiedlichen Überwachungsbereichen der Forstentomologischen Dienststellen, Befallsermittlungsverfahren nach der Wellensteinschen Methode KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Rhytmische Schwankungen der plötzlichen Übervermehrung, 10 oder 12 jährige Perioden, Bezug zu Schwankungen der Umweltbedingungen KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Nord- und Mitteldeutschland ; 1939-40 ; Insekten ; Fichte ; Forst ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 1943
    Description: Untersuchungen über die Wirkung von Schnee, Eis und Kälte auf die Eigelege des Schwammspinners KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Niedrige Temperaturen (Januar-März) von bis zu -11.4°C hatte keine nachhaltige Auswirkungen auf die Vitalität der Eigelege, eher waren mechanische Beschädigungen z.B. durch Abkratzen der Eigelege Ursachen für das Nichtschlüpfen der Tiere KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Kroatien, Europa ; 1938-40 ; Insekten ; Eiche ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur ; Frost
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 1942
    Description: Zusammenhang zwischen dem Abgang von Puppen der Kieferneule und abiotischen Faktoren KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Zusammenhang zwischen der Überlebensrate der Puppen der Kieferneule und der Feuchtikeit in einzelnen Monaten, Optimum der relativen Feuchte für die Entwicklung bei 91% Luftfeuchte, günstigste Puppenlager sind trockene Standorte KATASTER-DETAIL: Nied+ (Mittelfeuchte und feuchte Lagen sowie in Mischlagen im Frühjahr), dann höherer Abgang von Puppen
    Keywords: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; 1939-1941 ; Insekten ; Luftfeuchte ; Kiefer ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 22
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    In:  Ztschr. angew. Ent. 28: 357-365
    Publication Date: 1941
    Description: Vertrocknungsprozess der Espe, Beschreibung und Beziehung verschiedener Insekten und Pilze an diesem Prozess KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Finnland ; 1936-1941 ; Insekten ; Forst ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 23
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    In:  Anz. Schädl.kunde 20: 13-16
    Publication Date: 1944
    Description: Beschreibung zum Befall von kanadischen Pappeln mit dem Prachtkäfer KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Rheinland-Pfalz ; 1934-1943 ; Insekten ; Forst ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2018-08-03
    Description: The development of new cowlings, applicable to a short-nose radial engine, is described. These cowlings, designated the NACA cowlings D(sub s) and D(sub sf), employ a larger spinner and a higher inlet-velocity ratio than does the conventional NACA cowling C. The pressures available for cooling and the estimated critical Mach number were found to be higher with the new cowlings than are usually encountered with the conventional NACA cowling C. Large-chord propeller cuffs were found to have a stabilizing effect on the flow entering the cowling and resulted in increased front pressures. Fan blades mounted on the spinner in the inlet opening had a similar effect.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Following a brief history of the NACA investigation of jet-propulsion, a discussion is given of the general investigation and analyses leading to the construction of the jet-propulsion ground-test mock-up. The results of burning experiments and of test measurements designed to allow quantitative flight-performance predictions of the system are presented and correlated with calculations. These calculations are then used to determine the performance of the system on the ground and in the air at various speeds and altitudes under various burning conditions. The application of the system to an experimental airplane is described and some performance predictions for this airplane are made. It was found that the main fire could be restricted to an intense, small, and short annular blue flame burning steadily and under control in the intended combustion space. With these readily obtainable combustion conditions, the combustion chamber the nozzle walls and the surrounding structure could be maintained at normal temperatures. The system investigated was found to be capable of burning one-half the intake air up the fuel rates of 3 pounds per second. Calculations were shown to agree well with experiment. It was concluded that the basic features of the jet-propulsion system investigation in the ground-test mock-up were sufficiently developed to be considered applicable to flight installation. Calculations indicated that an airplane utilizing this jet-propulsion system would have unusual capabilities in the high-speed range above the speeds of conventional aircraft and would, in addition, have moderately long cruising ranges if only the engine were used.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-WR-L-528 , NACA-ACR-L4D26
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Engine tests, together with estimates made at Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, indicate that a 25-percent increase in take-off power can be obtained with present-day aircraft engines without increasing either the knock limit of the fuel or the external cooling requirements of the engine. This increase in power with present fuels and present external cooling is made possible through the use of an internal coolant inducted through the inlet manifold. Estimates on aircraft indicate that this 25-percent increase in power will permit an approximate usable increase of 8.5 percent in the take-off load of existing military airplanes. This increase in load is equivalent to an increase in the weight of gasoline normally carried of between 30 and 65 percent.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-WR-E-117 , NACA-RB-4A25
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Tests of four 10-foot propellers were made in the propeller-research tunnel for the Army Air Corps to check flight and static thrust test results made on several propellers embodying Clark Y and modified NACA 16-series sections. These propellers were identical as to diameter and activity factor and very closely identical in thickness ratio and pitch distribution. The blades embodied sections with both single- and double-cambered Clark Y, modified NACA 16-series, and a combination of Clark Y and modified NACA-16 airfoils. Tests covered a range of blade angles from 20 deg. to 70 deg., and were all made at tip speeds below 280 feet per second. Although these tests were not conclusive in themselves, owing to the conditions under which they were made, the results seem to check the flight and static tests as closely as would be expected.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-WR-L-569
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A thermocouple was installed in the crown of a sodium-cooled exhaust valve. The valve was then tested in an air-cooled engine cylinder and valve temperatures under various engine operating conditions were determined. A temperature of 1337 F was observed at a fuel-air ratio of 0.064, a brake mean effective pressure of 179 pounds per square inch, and an engine speed of 2000 rpm. Fuel-air ratio was found to have a large influence on valve temperature, but cooling-air pressure and variation in spark advance had little effect. An increase in engine power by change of speed or mean effective pressure increased the valve temperature. It was found that the temperature of the rear spark-plug bushing was not a satisfactory indication of the temperature of the exhaust valve.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-WR-E-140 , NACA-ARR-3L06
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An investigation was made to determine a method of measuring fuel-air ratio that could be used for test purposes in flight and for checking conventional equipment in the laboratory. Two single-cylinder test engines equipped with typical commercial engine cylinders were used. The fuel-air ratio of the mixture delivered to the engines was determined by direct measurement of the quantity of air and of fuel supplied and also by analysis of the oxidized exhaust gas and of the normal exhaust gas. Five fuels were used: gasoline that complied with Army-Navy fuel Specification No. AN-VV-F-781 and four mixtures of this gasoline with toluene, benzene, and xylene. The method of determining the fuel-air ratio described in this report involves the measurement of the carbon-dioxide content of the oxidized exhaust gas and the use of graphs for the presented equation. This method is considered useful in aircraft, in the field, or in the laboratory for a range of fuel-air ratios from 0.047 to 0.124.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TR-757
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Hot-air engines with dynamic compressors and turbines offer new prospects of success through utilization of units of high efficiencies and through the employment of modern materials of great strength at high temperature. Particular consideration is given to an aerodynamic prime mover operating on a closed circuit and heated externally. Increase of the pressure level of the circulating air permits a great increase of limit load of the unit. This also affords a possibility of regulation for which the internal efficiency of the unit changes but slightly. The effect of pressure and temperature losses is investigated. A general discussion is given of the experimental installation operating at the Escher Wyss plant in Zurich for a considerable time at high temperatures.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1034 , Zeitschrift des Vereines Deutscher Lagenieure; 85; 22; 491-500
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: Following a brief history of the NACA investigation of jet propulsion, a discussion is given of the general investigation and analysis leading to the construction of the jet-propulsion ground-test mock-up. The results of burning experiments and of test measurements designed to allow quantitative flight performance predictions of the system are presented and correlated with calculations. These calculations are then used to determine the performance of the system on the ground and in the air at various speeds and altitudes under various burning conditions. The application of the system to an experimental airplane is described and some performance predictions for this airplane are made.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA/TR-802
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: This paper presents the results of tests conducted to determine the effect of the constructional elements of a Laval nozzle on the velocity and pressure distribution and the magnitude of the reaction force of the jet. The effect was studied of the shapes of the entrance section of the nozzle and three types of divergent sections: namely, straight cone, conoidal with cylindrical and piece and diffuser obtained computationally by a graphical method due to Professor F. I. Frankle. The effect of the divergence angle of the nozzle on the jet reaction was also investigated. The results of the investigation showed that the shape of the generator of the inner surface of the entrance part of the nozzle essentially has no effect on the character of the flow and on the reaction. The nozzle that was obtained by graphical computation assured the possibility of obtaining a flow for which the velocity of all the gas particles is parallel to the axis of symmetry of the nozzle, the reaction being on the average 2 to 3 percent greater than for the usual conical nozzle under the same conditions, For the conical nozzle the maximum reaction was obtained for a cone angle of 25deg to 27deg. At the end of this paper a sample computation is given by the graphical method. The tests were started at the beginning of 1936 and this paper was written at the same time.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1066 , Report of the Central Aero-Hydrodynamical Inst., Moscow; Rept-478
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  • 33
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The following investigations are connected with experiments on fans carried out by the author in the Gouttingen Aerodynamic Laboratory within the framework of the preliminary experiments for the new Gouttingen wind-tunnel project. A fan rotor was developed which had very high efficiency at the design point corresponding to moderate pressure and which, in addition, could operate at a proportionally high pressure, rise. To establish the determining operating factors the author carried out extensive theoretical investigation in Hannover. In this it was necessary, to depart from the usual assumption of vanishing radial velocities. The calculations were substantially lightened by the introduction of diagrams. The, first part of the.report describes the theoretical investigations; the second, the experiments carried out at Gouttingen.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1062 , Luftfahyrtforschung; 14; 7; 325-346
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: To determine the effect of piston-head temperature on knock-limited power. Tests were made in a supercharged CFR engine over a range of fuel-air ratios from 0.055 to 0.120, using S-3 reference fuel, AN-F-28, Amendment-2, aviation gasoline, and AN-F-28 plus 2 percent xylidines by weight. Tests were run at a compression ratio of 7.0 with inlet-air temperatures of 150 F and 250 F and at a compression ratio of 8.0 with an inlet-air temperature of 250 F. All other engine conditions were held constant. The piston-head temperature was varied by circulation of oil through passages in the crown of a liquid-cooled piston. This method of piston cooling decreased the piston-head temperature about 80 F. The data are not intended to constitute a recommendation as to the advisability of piston cooling in practice.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-WR-E-35 , NACA-ARR-E4G13
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The Pratt and Whitney Aircraft company and the Naval Aircraft Factory of the United States Navy cooperated in a laboratory and flight program of tests on an exhaust turbine supercharger. Two series of dynamometer tests of the engine super-charger combination were completed under simulated altitude conditions. One series of hot gas-chamber tests was conducted by the manufacturer of the supercharger. Flight demonstrations of the supercharger installed in a twin-engine flying boat were terminated by failure of the turbine wheels. The analysis of the results indicated that a two-stage supercharger with the first-stage exhaust turbine driven will deliver rated power for a given indicated power to a higher altitude, will operate more efficiently, and will require simpler controls than a similar engine with the first stage of the supercharger driven from the crankshaft through multispeed gears.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-SR-194
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Tests were made in the 20-foot propeller-research tunnel to investigate the possibility of obtaining increased net efficiencies of propeller-nacelle units by enclosing the engines in the wings and by using extension shafts. A wing of 5-foot chord was fitted with a propeller drive assembly providing for several axial locations of tractor propellers and pusher propellers. A three-blade 4-foot propeller and a three-blade 3 1/2-foot propeller of special design were tested in this wing with spinners and fairings ranging in diameter from 6 to 16 inches. A 16-inch NACA cowling was tested for comparative purposes. Two types of cuffs were also employed. It was found that the net efficiency of a conventional round-shank propeller mounted on an extension shaft in front of or behind a wing increased with an increase in the diameter of the spinner and the shaft housing within the scope of the tests. The largest spinner used had a diameter that might favorably compare with that of a radial engine cowling. The efficiencies for the pusher position appeared to be more critically affected by spinner size than those for the tractor position. The spinners with large diameters for the pusher position resulted in a higher efficiency than those for the corresponding tractor arrangements; the reverse was true for the small spinners. The use of propeller cuffs in combination with a spinner of small diameter generally resulted in net efficiencies that were comparable with those found for the large-spinner combinations.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-SR-196
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: This investigation presents the results of tests made on a radial engine to determine the thrust that can be obtained from the exhaust gas when discharged from separate stacks and when discharged from the collector ring with various discharge nozzles. The engine was provided with a propeller to absorb the power and was mounted on a test stand equipped with scales for measuring the thrust and engine torque. The results indicate that at full open throttle at sea level, for the engine tested, a gain in thrust horsepower of 18 percent using separate stacks, and 9.5 percent using a collector ring and discharge nozzle, can be expected at an air speed of 550 miles per hour.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-SR-139
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Flight test s were conducted on the XP-41 airplane, equipped with a Pratt & Whitney R1830-19, 14-cylinder, air-cooled engine, to determine the increase in flight speed obtainable by the use of individual exhaust stacks directed rearwardly to obtain exhaust-gas thrust. Speed increases up to 18 miles per hour at 20,000 feet altitude were obtained using stacks having an exit area of 3.42 square inches for each cylinder. A slight increase in engine power and decrease in cylinder temperature at a given manifold pressure were obtained with the individual stacks as compared with a collector-ring installation. Exhaust-flame visibility was quite low, particularly in the rich range of fuel-air ratios.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-SR-165
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Theoretical investigations have shown that, because air is compressible, the pressure-drop requirements for cooling an air-cooled engine will be much greater at high altitudes and high speeds than at sea level and low speeds. Tests were conducted by the NACA to obtain some experimental confirmation of the effect of air compressibility on cooling and pressure loss of a baffled cylinder barrel and to evaluate various methods of analysis. The results reported in the present paper are regarded as preliminary to tests on single-cylinder and multi-cylinder engines. Tests were conducted over a wide range of air flows and density altitudes.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TR-783
    Format: application/pdf
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