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  • Articles  (13,019)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (6,431)
  • General Chemistry  (5,330)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (1,254)
  • particle bombardment  (4)
  • 1955-1959  (6,130)
  • 1935-1939  (6,889)
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  • Articles  (13,019)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation studies in Hordeum vulgare using a highly regenerable microspore system (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; isolated microspores ; particle bombardment ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A highly regenerable, isolated microspore system for barley, Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Igri, has been developed which is amenable to transformation studies using particle bombardment. The system allows DNA to be delivered to microspores at the single cell stage and both transient and stable transformation events have been demonstrated. The potential advantages of using isolated microspores as the target tissue in routine transformation systems are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023938
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic barley by particle bombardment. Inheritance of the transferred gene and characteristics of transgenic barley plants (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: gene transfer ; Hordeum vulgare ; neomycin phosphotransferase II ; particle bombardment ; transgenic barley
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Transgenic barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Kymppi) were obtained by particle bombardment of various tissues. Immature embryos and microspore-derived cultures were bombarded with gold particles coated with plasmid DNA carrying the gene coding for neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII), together with plasmid DNA containing the gene for β-glucuronidase (GUS). Bombarded immature embryos were grown to plants without selection and NPTII activity was screened in small plantlets. One plant proved to be transgenic (T0). This chimeric plant passed the transferred nptII gene to its T1 progeny. The presence of the nptII gene was demonstrated by the PCR technique and enzyme activity was analyzed by an NPTII gel assay. Four T0 spikes and 15 T1 offspring were transgenic. The integration and inheritance was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. Transgenic T2 and T3 plants were produced by isolating embryos from green grains of transgenic T1 and T2 plants, respectively and growing them to plants. After selfing, the ratio of transgenic to non-transgenic T2 offspring was shown to follow the rule of Mendelian inheritance. The general performance of transgenic plants was normal and no reduction in fertility was observed. Microspore-derived cultures were bombarded one and four weeks after microspore isolation. After bombardment, cultures were grown either with or without antibiotic selection (geneticin R or kanamycin). When cultures were grown without selection and regenerated plants were transferred to kanamycin selection in rooting phase, one out of a total of about 1500 plants survived. This plant both carried and expressed the transferred nptII gene. The integration was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. This plant was not fertile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023933
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic engineering of cereal crop plants: a review (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 35-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: cereals ; protoplast transformation ; tissue electroporation ; particle bombardment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Many aspects of basic and applied problems in plant biology can be investigated by transformation techniques. In dicotyledonous species, the ability to generate transgenic plants provides the tools for an understanding of plant gene function and regulation as well as for the directed transfer of genes of agronomic interest. For many dicotyledonous plants Agrobacterium tumefaciens can be routinely used to introduce foreign DNA into their genome. However, cereals seem to be recalcitrant to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. In cereals, many efforts have been made in recent years to establish reliable transformation techniques. Several transformation techniques have been developed but to date only three methods have been found to be suitable for obtaining transgenic cereals: transformation of totipotent protoplasts, particle bombardment of regenerable tissues and, more recently, tissue electroporation. The current state of transformation methods used for cereals will be reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023928
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strategies for variety-independent genetic transformation of important cereals, legumes and woody species utilizing particle bombardment (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 13-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: gene transfer ; crop species ; particle bombardment ; transgenic plants ; cereals ; legumes ; woody plants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The limiting component in the creation of transgenic crops has been the lack of effective means to introduce foreign genes into elite germplasm. However, the development of novel direct DNA transfer methodology, by-passing limitations imposed by Agrobacterium-host specificity and cell culture constraints, has allowed the engineering of almost all major crops, including formerly recalcitrant cereals, legumes and woody species. The creation of transgenic rice, wheat, maize, barley, oat, soybean, phaseolus, peanut, poplar, spruce, cotton and others, in an efficient and in some cases, variety-independent fashion, is a significant step towards the routine application of recombinant DNA methodology to the improvement of most important agronomic crops. In this review we will focus on key elements and advantages of particle bombardment technology in order to evaluate its impact on the accelerated commercialization of products based on agricultural biotechnology and its utility in studying basic plant developmental processes and function through transgenesis. Fundamental differences between conventional gene transfer methods, utilizing Agrobacterium vectors or protoplast/suspension cultures, and particle bombardment will be discussed in depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023926
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Silikone, XLIV. Umsetzung von Tetrachlorkohlenstoff mit Silicium (1959)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1018-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei nochmaliger Untersuchung der Umsetzung von CCl4 mit Si/Cu-Gemischen werden, wie bereits bekannt, SiCl4, C2Cl4 und Si2Cl6 gefunden. Darüber hinaus lief eine direkte Synthese. Sie führte wahrscheinlich zur Bildung des allerdings dabei nicht nachgewiesenen Cl3C·SiCl3. Dagegen wurde die nach der direkten Synthese entstandene Verbindung C(SiCl3)4 erstmalig aufgefunden.  -  Die Entstehung der ebenfalls nachgewiesenen Verbindungen Cl3SiC·C⋮CC·SiCl3 und Cl3SiC·(Cl)C:C(Cl)C·SiCl3 wird durch Dechlorierungen des Cl3CC·SiCl3 mit Kupfer erklärt.  -  Für die neuen Verbindungen wurden Strukturbeweise geführt. Es wurden C2Cl4 und Cl3CC·SiCl3 mit Si/Cu-Gemischen umgesetzt. Die letzte Umsetzung ergab dieselben Reaktionsprodukte wie das CCl4, so daß auch bei diesem eine direkte Synthese über das Cl3CC·SiCl3 glaubhaft gemacht ist.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19590920504
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Struktur von Organoschwefelverbindungen, II. Eigenschaften von Thionitriten (1959)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1048-1055 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eigenschaften von tert.-Butylthionitrit, Triphenylmethylthionitrit und tert.-Butylthionitrat werden Rückschlüsse auf die Elektronenstruktur der schwefelhaltigen Gruppe gezogen.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19590920507
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die säurekatalysierte Aldolreaktion des Formaldehyds mit Aceton. Zur Kenntnis der Anhydro-ennea-heptose. Die Synthese der Bisanhydro-ennea-heptose (1959)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1072-1081 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Als weiteres Beispiel für die präparative Überlegenheit der säurekatalysierten Aldolreaktionen des Formaldehyds gegenüber den OH⊖-katalysierten wird über die Synthese der bisher unbekannten Bisanhydro-ennea-heptose, die das Ringsystem des 3.7-Dioxa-bicyclo-[1.3.3]-nonans enthält, berichtet.  -  Bei der Untersuchung des Verhaltens der Bisanhydro-ennea-heptose gegen Alkalien machten sich in der Abspaltbarkeit der Hydroxymethylgruppen charakteristische Unterschiede geltend, deren Erklärung in den konstitutionell-konstellativen Gegebenheiten zu suchen ist.  -  Bei dem Versuch einer Ringerweiterung an der Anhydro-ennea-heptose mit Diazomethan bildet sich eine Verbindung C9H16O5, die wahrscheinlich kein Derivat des Oxa-cycloheptanons-(4), sondern ein Derivat des Tetrahydro-γ-pyrons ist.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19590920510
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1-Veratryl-isochinolin-Derivate (1959)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1092-1101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Substituierte Ammoniumsalze vom Typ I liefern mit Abkömmlingen des Phenylglyoxals in Methanol in glatter Reaktion Lactolid-Basen vom Typ II. Aus diesen lassen sich verschiedene Octa- bzw. Decahydroisochinolin-Derivate darstellen, die in 1-Stellung einen substituierten Benzylrest tragen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19590920513
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoxydation von Kohlenwasserstoffen, XXIII. Zur jodometrischen Bestimmung organischer Hydroperoxyde (1959)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1115-1117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die jodometrische Bestimmung der Hydroperoxyde von Benzolkohlenwasserstoffen kann durch katalytische Wirkung von Kupferionen verbessert werden.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19590920517
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine vereinfachte Oligosaccharid-Synthese (1959)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1135-1139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Tetraacetyl-α-D-glucopyranosylbromid und Tetraacetyl-6-trityl-β-D-glucopyranose mit Silberperchlorat oder Silberfluoroborat in Nitromethan liefert in guter Ausbeute Octaacetyl-β-gentiobiose. Die gleiche Umsetzung mit einem Überschuß an Tetraacetyl-α-D-glucopyranosylbromid und Silberperchlorat führt zur Octaacetyl-α-gentiobiose. Es wird eine Deutung des Reaktionsablaufs gegeben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19590920521
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