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  • Articles  (284)
  • Chemical Engineering  (284)
  • 1965-1969  (284)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (284)
  • Geosciences
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  • Articles  (284)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brief review of biochemical degradation of polymers (1965)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 5 (1965), S. 227-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Proteins and synthetic polypeptides undergo specific catalytic cleavage by enzymes. It is the object of this article to review the specific hydrolytic, redox, and electron transfer reactions involving enzymes and their mechanisms. The stability of the synthetic high polymers in the biochemical environments is much higher than that of proteins in general, but the increasing use of these materials in the field of surgical implants and internal prostheses has necessitated the systematic long range study of the systems in these surroundings. The enzymatic attack on the synthetic polymers has not been the subject of general study until now, but the intimate knowledge of the specificity and mode of attack of the enzymes, in case of the proteins, would pave the way towards experimental designs to elucidate the comparative stability of various synthetic plastics in these environments. The study of the correlation of the mechanical strength and the chemical structures of these polymers tested as implants in living animals is reviewed, and the suitability of several synthetic polymers for this application is discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760050404
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Internal stresses developed in an epoxy resin potting compound during long-term storage (1965)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 5 (1965), S. 280-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Strain gage techniques have been developed to monitor the internal stresses in epoxy resin castings. The data obtained are a measure of the stresses developed on a transducer held in the center of a mass of polymerizing epoxy resin or those caused by thermal cycling of the potted unit at intervals of storage time. Results show that the stresses developed on the transducer during the first 70 hours of room temperature polymerization reached 900 psi in axial compression. Further polymerization during storage increased the stress to 2300 psi after 12 months. During thermal cycling approximately 10,000 psi compressive stress was developed at -54°C. These stresses were relieved at 71°C but reappeared at the lower temperatures upon subsequent cooling.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760050411
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abstracts of articles in this issue (1966)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 2-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760060102
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation-induced solid state polymerization (1966)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 14-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The literature on radiation-induced solid state polymerization has been increasing exponentially in the last five years. Major advances have been made in retention of crystalline morphology during polymerization, in stereospecific polymerization, in modification of reactivity ratios in copolymerization and in molecular weight control of the product. However, at the present time, no commercial products have resulted from the study of radiation-induced solid state polymerization. Chemically induced polymerization techniques have been keeping abreast of this explosive development in the solid state polymerization field and have up to this time precluded the use in industry of solid state polymerization. The major potential at the present time appears to be in the area of producing fibers without additional processing.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760060104
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring the curing process of reinforced plastics structures (1966)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 41-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The feasibility of monitoring curing processes in large reinforced plastics structures by electrical volume resistivity techniques has been studied. It has been found, by embedding electrodes and thermocouples within a heavy-walled structure during fabricaton and by monitoring the change is resistance during the curing process, that information indicative of the rate and extent of curing can be obtained. The resin system used in this study was Epon 826/MNA/BDMA.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760060108
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The phenomenon of draw resonance in polmeric melts. Part II - correlation to molecular parameters (1966)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 50-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The Phenomenon of draw resonance and the cyclic size fluctuation of an extruded shpae are related to basic changes in the “melt strength” (force per average cross-sectional area required to draw the molten fiber down under fixed conditions). Melt strength values are obtained by a modified rheometer which consists of a vertical chamber to melt and hold the polymers at 190-250°C, a piston for extrusion, a take-up system, a strain gauge to measure the drawdown force and a recorder for continuous force-time plots. Melt strength increases with take-off speed but not proportionally. At higher velocities, draw resonance is apparent through a sinusoidal-like variation in fiber diameter. The amplitudes of melt strength and diameter waves are correlated with molecular weight, melt viscosity, swell, melt temperature and take-off speeds.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760060110
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The resistivity of octyl phthalate plasticizers (1966)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 75-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The resistivities of commercial octyl phthalatel plasticizers have been measured after treatments of heating, drying, purification by chromatography and addition of salts. The resistivity of pure plasticizer is high but is lowered by water, acid and alcohol. The theory to explain the observations is advanced.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760060114
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The prediction of ABS extruded sheet surface quality by rheometer behavior (1966)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 172-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The behavior and appearance of ABS compounds in rheometers correlate with certain surface characteristics of extruded sheet. Three reometers were studied, each demonstrating the increase of viscosity with time of a destabilized compound over a standard ABS. This behavior shows as low gloss areas on the sheet from the destabilized compound vs uniform gloss for the standard. The Instron Capillary Rheometer proved the useful since extrudates produced can discriminate between compounds at given temperatures on the basis of gloss. The relative gloss of material tested is duplicated on extrusion as measured by a 600 Gardner glossmeter. Dynamic conditions affecting viscosity can also be predicted by the Brabender Plastigraph. Correlations developed, along with the usual physical measurements, permit appaisal of ABS compounds before commercial extrusion.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760060215
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method of rapid determination of thermal expansion and apparent second-order transition temperature of polymer films (1966)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 112-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An Instron tensile tester has been modified to measure the thermal expansion of polymer films. The method greatly simplifies the experimental procedure necessary for the standard ASTM dilatometric thermal expansion measurement, particularly for thin films. Thermal expansion measurements were made for films of polyester, polycarbonates, vinyls, cellulosies, and polyolefins from room temperature up to 300°F. Second-order transition temperatures were determined by plotting thermal elongation vs temperature; the transition temperature is indicated by a change in slope. Both expansion coeffcients and transition temperatures as determined by this method give excellent agreement with values reported in the literature.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760060204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure-volume-temperature behavior of polypropylene (1966)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 131-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The pressure-volume-temperature behavior for both solid and molten polypropylene was determined for pressures up to 618 atmospheres. These data were measured with a newly developed compressibility device capable of obtaining precise and accurate data. Compressibilities calculated from the experimental data compared favorably to the limited existing literature data. Constants were determined for the Spencer-Gilmore polymer equation of state for both the solid and molten material.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760060208
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