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  • Articles  (2,997)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (2,997)
  • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
  • Springer Science + Business Media
  • 1965-1969  (2,997)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (2,997)
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  • Articles  (2,997)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steam and heat setting of nylon 6 fiber. IV. Relationship between heat setting and swellingThis material appeared in part in Kobunshi Kagaku, 16, 333 (1959). (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 31-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The swelling and dissolution of heat-set nylon 6 fiber in aqueous sulfuric acid were examined. Steam-set fiber having good dyeability swells with much more difficulty than the dry-heat-set and unset fibers. Similar phenomena are seen in the examination of density of nylon 6 fiber subjected to heat setting, and it is found that the resistance to swelling depends on the crystalline region rather than on the amorphous region.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090105
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steam and heat setting of nylon 6 fiber. VII. Infrared spectra of nylon 6 prepared from N-deuterated ε-caprolactam and the water accessibility of nylon 6 in steam settingThis material appeared in part in Kobunshi Kagaku, 17, 545 (1960). (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 55-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The infrared spectrum of deuterated ε-caprolactam was examined. It was confirmed spectroscopically that the hydrogen of the N—H group in ε-caprolactam is exchanged for deuterium after repeated exchange reactions. The deuterated ε-caprolactam was polymerized, and the infrared spectrum of the polymer (called as N—D polymer) is compared with that of the normal nylon 6 polymer (called N—H polymer) which was steam-set in D2O vapor at 135°C. Characteristic absorption bands of N—D polymer are observed at 967, 896, 888, 876, and 719 cm.-1. The water accessibility of both N—H and N—D polymer was estimated from the spectra of both samples subjected to the repeated steam setting in D2O and H2O alternately at 130°C. The results show that at the initial stage of the repeated steam setting, H2O and D2O molecules may penetrate into the ordered regions in the polymers and partially break down intermolecular hydrogen bonds; such phenomenon may be followed by an exchange reaction and recrystallization. Subsequent stages of steam setting, however, no longer bring about such an effect.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090108
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steam and heat setting of nylon 6 fiber. X. Effect of heat setting on diffusion of dyestuff into nylon 6 fiberThe material appeared in part in Kobunshi Kagaku, 19, 506 (1962). (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 91-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The degree of penetration, the diffusion constant, and the uptake of dyestuffs of different molecular sizes were measured in undrawn and drawn nylon 6 filament, heat-set under various conditions in order to determine the pore structure in the amorphous regions. Unset and dry-heat-set nylon 6 can be penetrated only with difficulty by the dyestuffs having molecular lengths above about 30 and 25 A., respectively. The apparent diffusion coefficients and molecular weight of dyestuffs are approximately hyperbolic. The relations are considerably different, depending on the degree of drawing and conditions of the heat setting. Further, the relations among molecular size, amount of absorbed dyestuffs, and fraction of amorphous region capable of being penetrated by dyestuff are discussed with reference to the lateral-order distribution of nylon 6, as evaluated from the accessibility to D2O vapor.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090111
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glass transition temperatures of poly(methyl methacrylate) plasticized with low concentrations of monomer and diethyl phthalate (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 3795-3818 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of low plasticizer concentrations on the glass transition temperature of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been studied experimentally for diethyl phthalate (DEP) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as plasticizers. Volume dilatometry, differential thermal analysis, and a torsional pendulum were used to determine glass transition temperatures. The monomer-plasticized PMMA samples were prepared by polymerizing MMA to a limiting conversion which was found to depend primarily on temperature. At temperatures slightly above the glass transition temperature of a MMA-PMMA system, a polymerization reaction occurred at a rate rapid enough to complicate the interpretation of the dilatometric and differential thermal analysis methods for determining the glass transition temperature. However, the torsional pendulum method could be used since it did not require measurements to be made at temperatures where polymerization could occur. The differential thermal analysis results showed that the temperature at which the polymerization reaction was first detectable was related to the glass transition temperature of the MMA-PMMA solution. The measured glass transition temperatures were compared with the predictions of the theories of Fox, Kelley, and Bueche, and Dimarioz and Gibbs on the effect of plasticizer concentration on the depression of the glass transition temperature.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070091202
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of volatilization of stabilizers and oxidation products on polypropylene lifetimesPresented at the annual conference of the Plastics Institute of America, Hoboken, New Jersey, November 1965. (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 3837-3843 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Three methods of measuring thermal oxidative stability of polypropylene have been compared. The oxygen absorption and the sealed tube tests give comparable results. The polymer lifetimes in circulating oven-aging tests differ significantly from those obtained by the first two methods. The oven-aging lifetime is aparently influenced to a large extent by the volatilization of the added stabilizer and of the oxidation products, the former decreases whereas the latter increases the polymer lifetime. The optimum composition of a synergistic stabilizer system was found to vary with the test method.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070091204
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of molecular weights of epichlorohydrin-bisphenol a polymers by gel permeation chromatography (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 3845-3850 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: During a program to evaluate the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) technique for measuring the molecular size distribution of polymers, three experimental epichlorohydrin-bisphenol A polymers were sent to Waters Associates for analysis with the commercially available instrument. The resulting distribution curves were used to calculate weight-average and number-average chain lengths of the samples. These values were found to give good straight-line correlations with weight-average and number-average molecular weights measured by absolute methods. Thus the GPC method gives meaningful information about the molecular size distribution of polymers which can be used to obtain rapid estimates of molecular weight.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070091205
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties of crosslinked polyethylene and crosslinked ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymersPresented at the 21st Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE) 1965. (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 3819-3835 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Stress-strain curves at various temperatures and secant modulus vs. temperature curves were used to investigate the differences that exist between peroxide crosslinked polyethylene, and vulcanized rubber. A series of hypotheses in terms of crosslinking density and crystallinity is advanced to help visualize the differences between crosslinked polyethylene and cured rubber. The same techniques were used to investigate the nature of crosslinked ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymers. These copolymers, being more flexible than polyethylene, appear similar to “mechanical rubber,” particularly after crosslinking. Recent experiments, however, indicate that profound differences exist. The performance of crosslinked polyethylene and of ethylene copolymers at elevated temperatures depends on crosslinking density, while at lower temperatures it is dominated by polyethylene crystalline morphology. This latter factor makes crosslinked polyethylene at ambient temperature a completely different product from vulcanized rubber. It also means that a crosslinked polyethylene will have lower crosslinking density than most rubber compositions of equivalent room temperature stiffness. A good indication of crosslinking density of crystalline polyolefins may be obtained by measuring mechanical properties such as modulus at elevated temperatures. Use of reactive co-agents is effective in raising crosslinking density to the point where fairly good elevated temperature properties are obtained without increasing the room temperature rigidity.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070091203
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method for structural characterization of high polymeric networks by an osmotic pressure technique (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 3903-3908 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An apparatus was designed to measure the osmotic pressure of solvent-polymer systems. The method is unique in that semirigid polymers may be incorporated as the solute component without specimen fissures occurring from excessive solvent dilative action. The advantages of this technique are: high polymeric materials both elastomeric and plastic can be structurally characterized by the same technique; the calculated effective molecular weight of the polymer network will reflect a value consistent with the polymer's performance characteristics; and the method is only restricted to lyophilic polymer-solvent systems.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070091211
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of emulsion polymerization (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 1291-1297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The quantitative theory of free radical mechanisms in emulsion polymerizations is reexamined. It is suggested that existing descriptions are not entirely consistent with physically realizable situations. The proposed modifications result in a closer resemblance to homogeneous systems. Explicit expressions for the distribution of radicals are also given. The importance of interphase transfer is emphasized.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090410
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incremental modification of styrene-butadiene rubber with tert-nonyl mercaptan (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 1273-1283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A model equation derived for the viscosity-average degree of polymerization (P̄v) for the incremental addition of modifiers, P̄v = K{(exp{arx1} - 1) + [2/(2 + exp {x1r})]a(exp{arx2} - exp{arx1})}1/a indicates a minimum should occur in a curve of P̄v versus conversion at which the increments are added, x1. Incremental addition of commercial tert-dodecyl mercaptan in the laboratory to SBR recipes at 5°C. showed effects contrary to those predicted by the model equation, but incremental addition experiments with tert-nonyl mercaptans resulted in a minimum in viscosity versus x1 curves, changed the molecular weight distribution, and required 34 wt.-% less mercaptan than did the tert-dodecyl mercaptan control (all the tert-dodecyl mercaptan added initially). Incremental addition of tert-nonylmercaptan in pilot plant 20-gal. autoclave reactors gave essentially the same results found in the laboratory bottle experiments. The stress-strain and mixing properties of the incrementally modified polymer and the tert-dodecyl mercaptanmodified control were essentially the same within experimental error. Conditions required for successful application of the incremental modifier technique are given.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090408
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