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  • Alkenes  (11)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (11)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 1965-1969  (11)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Reduction of Organic Compounds with Chromium(II) Salts (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 247-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Reduction ; Chromium ; Alkyl halides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chromium(II) salts can be used for a variety of reductions in organic chemistry; for example, alkyl halides and suitably substituted olefins may both be reduced to alkanes, and alkynes may be converted into trans-olefins. Several epoxyketones are reduced to α,β-unsaturated ketones or β-hydroxyketones, and a nitro steroid was found to give a hydroxy(hydroxyimino) compound. The reduction of alkyl halides is reported to proceed by a free-radical mechanism; the halogen atom that is set free forms a bridge between two chromium atoms.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196802471
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbonylation of Olefins under Mild Temperature Conditions in the Presence of Palladium ComplexesDedicated to Professor A. Steinhofer on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 329-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Carbonylation ; Alkenes ; Palladium ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: During a search for catalysts that allow carbonylation reactions on olefins to proceed below 100 °C, complex palladium(II) compounds having the formula LmPdXn were found to be catalytically active. L denotes a ligand such as a phosphine, nitrile, amine, or olefin, X is an acid residue, and m+n is 3 or 4. The catalysts permit the carbonylation of heat-sensitive compounds, as well as selective carbonylation of polyunsaturated olefins. The new process can also be carried out on the industrial scale, as is shown by the carbonylation of cyclododecatriene
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196803291
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions of Electron-Rich Olefins (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 754-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Electron-rich alkenes ; Tetraaminoethylen ; Alkenes ; Tetramethoxyethylene ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Olefins are normally preferentially attacked by electrophiles. This trend is strengthened in enol ethers and enamines, and is particularly pronounced in tetramethoxyethylene and in tetraaminoethylenes. These electron-rich olefins are accordingly also excellent reducing agents. In their reactivity, therefore, they behave as counterparts of tetracyanoethylene. This compound shares with the electron-rich olefins a strong tendency to undergo cycloadditions, the electron-rich olefins adding particularly readily to electrophiles.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196807541
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eliminations from Olefins (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 49-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Elimination ; Alkenes ; Alkynes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eliminations from olefins are very often initiated by bases, and usually lead to formation of acetylene derivatives. In view of the numerous side-reactions and subsequent additions or rearrangments observed, the nature of the base used is of considerable significance. Organometallic bases are very versatile. In addition to dehydrohalogenation, dehalogenation by metals, and also thermolytic and photolytic eliminations. (e.g. the retrodiene reaction with exchange of substituents) are discussed. Elimination from low-membered cyclic olefins yields cycloalkynes having strained ring-systems, and the existence of these can be demonstrated by trapping them. The mechanisms known for β-elimination (E2, E1 and E1cB) occur also in the case of olefins; however - due to the sp2-hybridization of the carbon atoms taking part - they are realized with different rates of reaction relative to saturated compounds. α-Eliminations from olefines having aryl residues in the β-position lead to formation of arylacetylenes by rearrangement of the carbon skeleton. The mechanism of this reaction, which is known as the Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell rearrangement, is discussed in considerable detail, and several variations of the reaction are considered. According to present-day knowledge carbenes are involved in α-eliminations only when both β-positions of the olefin are occupied by aliphatic substituents, or when they are occupied by aromatic residues where rearrangement to acetylenes is impossible for steric reasons (as for example with 9-chloromethylenefluorene). With organolithium compounds a number of dehydrohalogenations, which are formally β-eliminations, actually proceed via deprotonation on the halogenbearing carbon atom (α-metallation). α-Metallations are the rate-determining steps when ether is used as solvent, but proceed quickly in tetrahydrofuran even at low temperatures. Compounds of the type \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\raise1pt\hbox{$〉$}{\rm C}\raise1pt\hbox{=\kern-3.45pt=}{\rm C(Li)Cl}$\end{document} may be prepared by this method and are recognized as intermediates in α-eliminations.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196500491
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allyl-Transition Metal SystemsDedicated to Prof. K. Freudenberg on the occasion of his 80th birthday (1966)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 5 (1966), S. 151-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Allyl transition metal systems ; Bis(allyl)nickel ; Nickel ; Polymerization ; Alkenes ; Allylic ligands ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As a continuation of a report published in 1963, recent results in the field of allyl-transition metal complexes are describedThe term “allyl compounds” in the present paper refers not only to compounds containing the simple allyl group (CH2=CH—CH2—), but also to those that contain substituted allyl groups or allyl groups forming part of a ring system.. Syntheses and reactions of these compounds, as well as the bonding between metal and allyl group, are discussed. Allyl-transition metal complexes form the basis of extremely selective catalysts for homogeneous reactions of 1, 3-diolefins and of olefins; the metal atoms in these “matrix” catalysts are either “bare”The description “bare” is applied to complexed metal atoms from which the ligands can be quantitatively displaced by the substances taking part in catalytic reactions. or are bound to only a few ligands.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196601511
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Additions to the Activated CC Triple Bond (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 423-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Addition ; Alkenes ; Alkynes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The possibilities of additions to the activated CC triple bond are discussed with the aid of a number of examples. The additions of donors that contain no active hydrogen are generally initiated via a dipolar primary complex, which can undergo stabilization by rearrangement, cyclization, or addition reactions. Preparative aspects of these reactions are also discussed. They offer routes for the preparation of heterocycles, particularly pyrrole and thiophene derivatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196704231
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Reactions of Alkylidenephosphoranes and their Preparative Uses. Part I: The Acid-Base Character of Phosphonium Salts and AlkylidenephosphoranesParts II and III will appear shortly in this journal. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 583-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylidenephosphoranes ; Phosphonium salts ; Synthetic methods ; Phosphoranes ; Ylides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phosphonium salts may be regarded as Bronsted acids, and alkylidenephosphoranes as the conjugate bases. Compounds of the two classes exist in equilibrium with each other. Phosphonium salts and alkylidenephosphoranes can be obtained by this “transylidation”. Other methods are also given for the preparation of members of both classes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196505831
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Reactions of Alkylidenephosphoranes and their Preparative Uses. Part II. Alkylidenephosphoranes and Halogen CompoundsFor Part I see Angew. Chem. 77,609 (1965), Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 583 (1965). Part III will appear shortly in this journal. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 645-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylidenephosphoranes ; Phosphonium salts ; Synthetic methods ; Phosphoranes ; Ylides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of alkylidenephosphoranes with compounds containing halogens can be used to prepare ylides, which can be converted in to useful products, e.g. by hydrolysis, by thermal decomposition, or by other reactions. Examples of such products are ketones including cyclic, unsaturated, and branched-chain ketones (including cyclic, unsaturated, and branched-chain ketones), carboxlic esters (including those of unsaturated, branched- chain, polyenecarboxylic, acetylenecarboxylic, and allenecarboxylic acids), and aldehydes.
    Additional Material: 10 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196506451
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Reactions of Alkylidenephosphoranes and their Preparative Uses IIIFor Part I, see Angew. Chem. 77, 609 (1965) Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 583 (1965); for Part II, see Angew. Chem. 77, 651 (1965); Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 645 (1965).. Alkylidenephosphoranes and Reagents Containing Multiple Bonds (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 830-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylidenephosphoranes ; Phosphonium salts ; Synthetic methods ; Phosphoranes ; Ylides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A few examples of preparatively useful syntheses using alkylidenephosphoranes and substances containing a C—N or C—C double bond are the preparations of olefins, allenes, pyran derivatives, and cyclopropane derivatives. Olefins, ketones, and monocyclic compounds can be obtained by autoxidation of alkylidenephosphoranes; α, β-dioxo compounds (including cyclicones) can be prepared by oxidation with peroxy-acids. Alkylidenephosphoranes can also be used for the synthesis of azines and Schiff bases. Of the many possibilities offered by the Wittig reaction, only the preparation of tritiated aldehydes and olefins will be considered.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196508301
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Ene Reaction (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 8 (1969), S. 556-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Ene reaction ; Addition ; Alkenes ; C-C coupling ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ene reaction is defined as the indirect substituting addition of a compound with a double bond (enophile) to an olefin with an allylic hydrogen (ene). For a long time the reaction has been neglected and has remained overshadowed by the related Diels-Alder addition. It is shown that the ene reaction possesses wide scope and applicability ranging from industrial to biosynthetic processes. Preparative aspects are summarized and current views on the mechanism are discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196905561
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Olefin Alkylation in Biosynthesis (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 903-911 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylation ; Squalene epoxide ; Polyisoprenoid synthesis ; Biosynthesis ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Stereochemical studies, made possible by asymmetric labeling with hydrogen isotopes, have led to the hypothesis that enzymic association of C5 units in polysoprenoid synthesis is not a concerted process but proceeds in two steps: a trans 1,2-addition to an olefin followed by a trans 1,2-elimination. It is shown that similar mechanisms can also explain the cyclization of squalene epoxide to tetracyclic and pentacyclic triterpenoids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196809031
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