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  • AERODYNAMICS
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology
  • 1970-1974  (1,757)
Collection
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 14 (1972), S. 685-714 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Characterization of proteolytic activity in preparations or fermentation broth is accomplished by methods based on a combination of disc electrophoresis and visualization of the activity. The methods permit a direct, comparison with reference preparations. All alkaline proteases studied, including the three subtilisins, were found to consist of several proteolytic components. The zymograms of the subtilisin type preparations show an irregular pattern. At least 14 different components may be observed, belonging to 6 types of mobility pattern, 3 of which could be assigned to the subtilisins. None of the components belongs to the group of metalloproteases. A quite regular pattern is shown by the zymogram of protease preparations produced by the alkalophilic Bacillus strains.A few of the components of the subtilisin preparations Maxatase and protease A were isolated by preparative disc electrophoresis and by disc electrofococusing, allowing a further characterization. Special attention was directed to the determination of properties specific for the application of subtilisins as additives in household detergents. Thermostability in sodium tripolyhosphate solution was found to range from about 10% for one of the minor components to 80% for the main component of Maxatase. Three types of curves representing the effect of pH on the activity were observed. The curve of the main component of Maxatase shows a characteristic shape with a maximum at pH 10.3: with other components lower pH optima were observed. Isoelectric points of the component were found to range from pH 7 to 10.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 293-308 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mode of ethanol action on both the steady-state and the dynamic properties of K. aerogenes was investigated using a nitrogen-limited chemostat. Reduction in the maximum growth rate (μm) suggests that noncompetitive enzyme inhibition could occur, but Lineweaver-Burk analysis showed the inhibition to be more complex. A consistent mechanism of inhibition was established for 0-3% v/v ethanol. Warburg manometric experiments indicated that inhibition occurred in pathways located in the intact cell wall. Frequency response analysis, using sinusoidal variations in the dilution rate showed that ethanol increased the time constant of the metabolic parameter, QAC. The system was stable in the presence of ethanol and showed no evidence of oscillations following a disturbance.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 12 (1970), S. 561-575 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The stability characteristics of a continuous culture system were studied following the addition of the natural product inhibitor, ethanol. For a steady state culture of Klebsiella (Aerobacter) aerogenes there was a linear dependence of growth rate on ethanol concentration. Following impulse and step addition of the inhibitor, response patterns of the growth rate (μ) and overall metabolism (Qo2, QCo2, QAC) were observed. A mathematical model of the transient behavior of a product-limited system is proposed, and analog computer solutions fitted to the experimental data. The transient response of the growth rate could best be described by second or higher order equations, e.g., \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ T_2^2 \frac{{d^2 \mu }}{{dt^2 }} + 2T_2^2 \xi \frac{{d\mu }}{{dt}} + \mu = \mu _m (1.0 - q.P_t) $$\end{document} with values of the second order time constant (T2) = 5 min, and damping coefficient (ξ) = 0.4.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 15 (1973), S. 163-179 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Kinetic studies on the growth of Aspergillus strains as well as constitutive and inductive polygalacturonase formation have been made in bath fermentations, without pH control. Equations describing growth and product formation of the four-stage growth of microorganisms were applied for the first time to diauxic growth and enzyme formation of Aspergillus strains. Diauxic growth of the cultures has been found in both sucrose- and peetin-containing media. Enzyme concentration in the second transient phase, calculated by the use of new equations, proved to be negligible. In the exponential and declining phases, the calculated values of mycelial and enzyme concentrations were in good agreement with the values observed. Types of classification of the product formation of Luedeking and Piret refer to the second cycle of diauxie. The types of product formation described by Kono and Asai and Luedeking and Piret are mostly in good agreement with each other. The greatest difference has been found in the case of inductive endo-polygalacturonase formation, where the final enzyme formation could not be plotted because of the decrease (autolysis) in mycelial weight.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 12 (1970), S. 379-397 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The main purpose of the work reported here was to establish the effectiveness of aeration and agitation, and to determine the best conditions of aeration for the growth and production of glucose oxidase of Aspergillus niger, on a semi-industrial scale. Concentration of dissolved O2, O2 consumption and CO2 production were measured. It was found that the rate of growth and the activity of glucose oxidase per gram mycelium increased with the increase of speed of agitation. The concentration of dissolved oxygen of the fermentation broth, as well as the rate of respiration (O2 consumption and CO2 production) increased in direct proportion to the increase of speed of agitation, while assimilation of sugars was accelerated. The values of the respiratory ratio showed a fluctuation according to the presence or absence of sugar in the medium.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Hypersonic experiments on wire supported high angle blunt cones were conducted to determine the base heating characteristics. Heating distributions were obtained for several base configurations with variations in free stream Reynolds Number and gas composition. The dependence of the heating in the base region on angle of attack was also investigated. It was found that gas composition effects can be accounted for by comparison at equal Reynolds Number. Angle of attack effects can result in either increasing or decreasing base heating depending upon the location in the base region.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 72-317 , American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Thermophysics Conference; Apr 10, 1972 - Apr 12, 1972; San Antonio, TX
    Format: text
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 14 (1972), S. 331-343 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An enrichment culture procedure has been used to isolate mixed culture systems which grow upon “Bunker C” fuel oil. When inoculated into a mineral salts aqueous medium containing Bunker C oil, the mixed cultures initiate oil emulsification. Emulsification usually is observed in 24-48 hr. The role of microbes in this emulsification will be discussed. It appears that certain metabolic products produced by the microbe possess properties of surfactants. Bacteria and fungi have been isolated which possess the ability to cause emulsification. Freeze-dried biomass is also capable of emulsifying oil. Chromatographic analyses of biodegraded Bunker C fuel oil show that microorganisms selectively metabolize the n-paraffin fraction.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 15 (1973), S. 981-992 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Wheat germ agglutinin protein, which is able to agglutinate tumor cells better than normal cells, was covalently bound to polyacrylamide gel beads. The specific binding activity of the protein was preserved on these beads and was expressed heterogeneously by the binding of mouse leukemia cells (L1210) to the protein coupled gels. The selective activity of the immobilized protein was maximal when the number of sites available to covalently couple the protein was lowest. The application of this observation to the general field of covalent immobilization of proteins and enzymes may be of considerable utility.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Cross flow wind tunnel performance tests of 15 in. wing installed lift fan with coaxial drive turbine for VTOL transport aircraft
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-67854 , E-6359
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 15 (1973), S. 377-393 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A general mathematical model of the chemostat system is developed in order to define an experimental program of dynamic testing. A glucose-limited culture ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae was grown in a chemostat using chemically defined medium. The chemostat was perturbed from an initial steady state by changes in input glucose concentration, dilution rate, pH, and temperature. Dynamic responses of cell mass, glucose, cell number, RNA, and protein concentrations were measured. A number of simulation techniques were used in developing a dynamic mathematical model and in comparing the developed model with experimental data as well as the Monod model. The resulting model was found to be quantitatively accurate and superior to the Monod model. The developed model was interpreted in the light of cell physiology. Adjustment of intracellular RNA fraction was found to be rate limiting in acceleration of cell specific growth rate.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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