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  • Nature Publishing Group  (19,444)
  • Hindawi
  • keine Angabe
  • 1970-1974  (19,470)
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  • 1
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    Unknown
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 244 (131). pp. 11-12.
    Publication Date: 2018-03-02
    Description: STEP-LIKE structures in temperature and salinity beneath the Mediterranean water have been observed in the Eastern Atlantic1–6. In Fig. 1 we show the stations where steps have been found in the area to the west of Gibraltar. Salt fingering as a result of double diffusive processes has been suggested as a possible cause for the generation of such step-like structures7. During cruise No. 23 of RV Meteor in 1971 we intended to study the small scale features of such structures8. Some previous observations6 in August/September 1970 had revealed an extensive zone where a “thermohaline staircase” existed (Fig. 1). We therefore selected stations in this area and close to it for the proposed study. A high resolution in situ conductivity-temperature-depth meter of the “Kieler Multi-Meeressonde” type was used for the vertical profiling of temperature and salinity.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 238 (5364). pp. 405-406.
    Publication Date: 2016-09-14
    Description: In the southern hemisphere, female and young male sperm whales (up to about 39 feet long) are not normally found in higher latitudes than 40° S while large males occur in Antarctic waters1–3; clearly many large bulls must migrate from the breeding areas into colder regions. Evidence of the return of large bulls to lower latitudes rests upon marking them in the Antarctic4 or external infestation by Antarctic Cocconeis or Cyamus 5. Only a single mark5 has been recovered which provides direct evidence for the return north from Antarctic waters. This mark (USSR No. 650203) was fired on December 25, 1967, at 62° 22′ S 26° 25′ E and the whale was killed on May 13, 1968, off Durban. The small size of the male concerned (35 feet at death) makes this record rather surprising although Jonsgård6 did mention that the smallest whales from Antarctic waters were about 35 feet. Marking can provide information on only a small part of the whale population at considerable cost, freshness of the whale restricts the value of infestation as an indicator but the study of food remnants in sperm whale stomachs provides another method without these disadvantages.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2016-04-11
    Description: Marine Upper Jurassic sediments have recently been reported from South Africa (Knysna Outlier, Cape Province) for the first time1. They occur as shallow water, sandy clays (Brenton Beds) in association with terrestrial/fluviatile conglomerates and sandstones, which were deposited in an approximately east-west elongate intermontane basin between the Cape Fold mountains (formed of Lower Palaeozoic sediments). Post-Cretaceous erosion has reduced the original deposits to a series of small, isolated outliers, only two of which have been reported to contain marine sediments (Knysna, lower Upper Jurassic; Algoa, Valanginian2) (Fig. 1). Extensive Neocomian-Maas-trichtian outcrops are known from the continental shelf off to the south of South Africa3, and a complete mid-Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous marine succession is suspected on the Agulhas Bank infilling and overlying east-west striking, fault bounded folds of Lower Palaeozoic Cape Supergroup rocks as shown in Fig. 1 (R. V. D., in preparation and refs. 1 and 4).
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Description: This paper describes the measured harmonics in the load currents of thyristor circuits and shows that with firing angle control the harmonic amplitudes decrease sharply with increasing harmonic frequency, but that they extend to very high harmonic orders of around 6000. The amplitudes of the harmonics are a maximum for a firing delay angle of around 90°.Integral cycle control produces only low order harmonics and sub-harmonics.It is also shown that with firing angle control apparently random inter-harmonic noise is present and that the harmonics fall below this noise level at frequencies of approximately 250 KHz for a switched 50 Hz Waveform and for the resistive load used. The noise amplitude decreases with increasing frequency and is a maximum with 90° firing delay.
    Print ISSN: 0305-3091
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0305-3091
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Description: In recent years, a more scientific approach to the age-old craft of silk screen printing has resulted in the evolution of complex precision-built printing machines for use in the electronics micro-circuit industry. Even so, our knowledge of the physical processes involved in screen printing is still far from complete. An attempt is made here to provide a better understanding of the screen printing mechanism and more specifically of print thickness control. Two different printing modes are described and the effect of and interaction between some of the more important machine parameters in this respect are discussed. A simple pillar theory is offered which allows a prediction to be made of the quantity of ink fundamentally deposited by a given screen.
    Print ISSN: 0305-3091
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0305-3091
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Description: Experimental observations are given on the structure of breakdown spots in thin layers of polystyrene and polybenzene obtained by a glow discharge technique. The levels of energy associated with different types of breakdown are identified and it is shown that within the range of breakdown energy level, lower than 10-5joules, non-destructive breakdown takes place. At higher energies, partial destruction of the breakdown channel occurs and with energy levels greater than 5 × 10-3joules, single hole, self-healing breakdown with complete destruction of the inner morphological channel structure occurs.The nature of the breakdown is discussed in electrical and electronmicroscopy terms.
    Print ISSN: 0305-3091
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Description: The anodization of porous aluminum pellets is accompanied by a change in the composition of the electrolyte within the pellet pores. This change can be accounted for by electrochemical transport of ions to the electrodes and the inability of the system to overcome the concentrating effects in the anolyte. It is shown that this effect can, depending on the composition of the bulk electrolyte, result in a strong acid environment or a weakly conducting electrolyte within the pellet. Either condition results in undesirable oxidizing characteristics; a strong acid will lead to the formation of a porous film which is poorly impregnated by the solid electrolyte, and the resistive electrolyte impedes the growth of oxide film. This work indicates that these extreme conditions may be avoided by the use of electrolytes containing salts of organic acids of moderate strength.
    Print ISSN: 0305-3091
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Description: Recent papers and conferences, e.g. Ref. 1, have indicated very strongly that thick film screen processing has become a routine production item, with the specifications and economics being considered in detail.2The existing resistor and conduction materials and processes have become well documented3,4and are well known on an international scale. This paper reviews the present situation and, in particular, discusses the effects of a recently-introduced production tool – the laser trimmer.
    Print ISSN: 0305-3091
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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