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  • kinetics
  • Springer  (33)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Oxford University Press
  • 1975-1979  (33)
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Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (33)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Oxford University Press
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of aqueous solvent structure on the mutarotation kinetics of glucose (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 6 (1977), S. 203-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Glucose ; kinetics ; mixed solvent ; kinetic isotope effect ; enthalpy of activation ; entropy of activation ; tetrahydrofuran ; tert-butanol ; mutarotation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The mutarotation rates of glucose in aqueous mixtures of tetrahydrofuran andtert-butanol in the mole fraction (xi) range 0〈xi〈0.2 have been measured at 5° intervals in the range 5–35°C. The kinetic deuterium isotope effects have been determined for the same solvent compositions at 25 and 35°C. A statistical analysis of the Arrhenius plots indicates that the experimental errors, although small, are too large for the establishment of any compensation behavior between ΔH
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00646739
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solvent effects on the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of tetramethylurea (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 5 (1976), S. 163-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Solvent effects ; tetramethylurea ; hydrolysis ; hydrogen bonding ; kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Tetramethylurea was hydrolyzed in aqueous hydrochloric acid at temperatures of 80, 90, and 100°C. All reactions were carried out in an excess of both tetramethylurea and water, with first-order dependence on acid concentration being observed. As the concentration of water was increased, the rate of hydrolysis decreased until equimolar amounts of water and tetramethylurea were present. Subsequent addition of water had no effect on the observed rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00654333
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of acetylsalicylic acid on the renal handling of a spironolactone metabolite in healthy subjects (1976)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 10 (1976), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Spironolactone ; acetylsalicylic acid ; fludrocortisone ; kinetics ; pharmacology ; interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of 600 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on the renal excretion and clearance of canrenone, the principal unconjugated metabolite of spironolactone, was examined in a double-blind crossover study in six healthy subjects. ASA significantly reduced the urinary excretion, and the fractional excretion, of canrenone between 4 — 6 hours after administration of 50 mg spironolactone. The pharmacological activity of spironolactone, assessed simultaneously by alterations in fludrocortisone-induced urinary electrolyte changes, was slightly but not significantly reduced. The reductions in urinary canrenone excretion correlated with changes in the urinary log 10 Na/K ratio. The results suggest that canrenone may be actively secreted at the proximal renal tubule, and that secretion is blocked by ASA or its conjugates. This is a possible mechanism for the pharmacological interaction between ASA and spironolactone which has been described previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561548
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and efficacy of theophylline in the treatment of apnea in the premature newborn (1978)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 13 (1978), S. 203-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Theophylline ; kinetics ; apnea ; premature newborns ; developmental pharmacology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) was administered to 27 premature newborns to prevent apneic spells. Of the 22 patients monitored for theophylline concentration, a therapeutic blood level was reached in 19 in 1–2 days, and 3 stayed below it. ‘Toxic’ blood levels (≥20 µg/ml) were reached in 3 cases, one of whom showed signs of toxicity. Theophylline treatment was not efficient in the prevention of apnea when a serious underlying disease was present. Theophylline blood half-life (mean : 27.0 h) and clearance (mean 12.9 ml/h/kg) confirmed the slow elimination pattern of the drug in the premature infant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609983
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissolution kinetics of small amounts of oxygen in tantalum alloy T-111 and internal oxide displacement reactions during annealing (1976)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 10 (1976), S. 291-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: tantalum alloy ; oxygen ; dissolution ; kinetics ; oxides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Oxygen was added to T-111 (Ta-8W-2Hf, wt.%) at 820 and 990°C at an oxygen pressure of about 3×10−4 Torr (4×10−2N/m2). The technique employed permitted predetermined and reproducible doping of T-111 up to 3.0 at% oxygen. Based on the temperature dependence of the doping reaction, it is concluded that the initial rates of oxygen pickup are probably controlled by solution of oxygen into the T-111 lattice. Although hafnium oxides are more stable than those of tantalum or tungsten, analyses of extracted residues indicate that the latter oxides predominate in the as-doped specimens, presumably because of the higher concentrations of tantalum and tungsten in the alloy. However, high-temperature annealing promotes gettering of dissolved oxygen and of other oxides to form hafnium oxides. Small amounts of tantalum and tungsten oxides were still present after high-temperature annealing. Tungsten oxide (WO3) volatilizes slightly from the surface of T-111 at 990°C. The vaporization of WO3 has no apparent affect on the doping reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612028
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The formation of a double oxide layer on pure copper (1977)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 11 (1977), S. 127-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Duplex oxides ; copper oxidation ; kinetics ; oxygen partitioning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The theory for the growth of a double oxide layer proposed by Yurek, Hirth, and Rapp, has been applied to copper using experimental rate-constant data obtained by Valensi. Calculated thicknesses of the layers agree very well with experimentally measured values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00606399
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of oxide grain structure on the high-temperature oxidation of Cr (1975)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 9 (1975), S. 459-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Cr ; oxidation ; kinetics ; Cr2O3 grain size ; short-circuit diffusion ; surface ; preparation ; Fe-Cr
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Cr was oxidized in 1 aim O2 at 980, 1090, and 1200°C. ElectropolishedCr and some orientations of etched Cr oxidize rapidly and develop compressive stress in the growing Cr2O3; other orientations oxidize slowly, apparently free of stress. SEM examination of fracture sections shows that the thick oxide is polycrystalline whereas the thin oxide on etched Cr is monocrystalline. It is deduced that the monocrystalline oxide grows by lattice diffusion of cations outward, and the polycrystalline layer by the two-way transport of cation diffusion outward and anion diffusion inward along oxide grain boundaries. The consequent formation of oxide within the body of the polycrystalline layer generates compressive stress and leads to wrinkling by plastic deformation. The activation energy for oxidation of Cr by cation lattice transport is 58 kcal/mole. Polycrystalline Cr2O3 forms on Fe-26Cr alloy, whether electropolished or etched; oxidation is accordingly rapid and accompanied by compressive stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00611694
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of high-temperature oxidation of boron carbide in oxygen (1976)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 10 (1976), S. 85-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: boron carbide ; oxidation ; kinetics ; chromatography method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Thermogravimetry and gas-adsorption chromatography were used to study the kinetics of formation of solid and gaseous products during the hightemperature oxidation of compact boron carbide in oxygen at 740 Torr. Oxidation resistance was observed at temperatures up to 1200°C. The main oxidation products were B2O3 and CO2. Oxidation was paralinear; the carbon consumption exceeded the consumption of boron as compared to the ratio of these elements in the compound B4C. This difference resulted in carbon depletion of the carbide layer in the substrate near the scale〉.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614238
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence on the oxidation kinetics of metals by control of the structure of oxide scales (1976)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 10 (1976), S. 361-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: metals ; scale structure ; epitaxy ; kinetics ; diffusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An explanation of the deviation from the parabolic law is the treatment which considers both shortcircuit and lattice diffusion in the oxide scale. In this study we examine how the oxidation kinetics are influenced by changing the structure of the scale of copper oxide in order to confirm the role of short-circuit diffusion in determining the oxidation rate. In addition we explain the oxidation kinetics of copper and nickel by using a model of the scale structure which includes recrystallization and grain growth. Results are as follows: (1) The nucleation and growth behavior of oxide have a direct effect on the structure and in turn the oxidation kinetics due to short-circuit diffusion. (2) A modified treatment is valid in the region where volume diffusion and short-circuit diffusion play an important role in which it is necessary to consider the scale structure such as the grain size distribution and the boundary width. (3) When recrystallization takes place it is necessary to consider the model of a two-layered scale structure which is different in properties and morphology. (4) In this region the rate curves are S-shaped when oxide recrystallization takes place and exhibit a transition from a parabolic to an nth-power relationship (n〉2) when grain growth takes place.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612048
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of tantalum in oxygen-nitrogen and oxygen-inert gas mixtures (1977)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 11 (1977), S. 225-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: tantalum ; oxidation ; high temperature ; kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation of tantalum in oxygen-nitrogen and oxygen-inert gas mixtures at925°C has been studied. The oxygen pressure was close to 0.5 atm in all experiments, and partial pressures of the second component of from 0 to 180 Torr were employed. Spherical specimens were used to provide quantitatively significant kinetic data. A model has been proposed which suggests that the oxygen pressure at the reaction interface close to the metal surface is lower than the external pressure because of the finite permeability of the porous outer oxide layer, and that the inert gas effectively reduces the permeability. The model gives good quantitative agreement with the experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00606059
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