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  • Haplorhini  (40)
  • Middle Aged  (39)
  • Cats  (37)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (116)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1975-1979  (116)
  • 1940-1944
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (116)
  • Nature Publishing Group
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Pituitary-brain vascular relations: a new paradigm (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Vascular casts of the pituitary gland have demonstrated a paucity of veins extending from the adenohypophysis to the systemic circulation and have suggested that some adenohypophyseal venous blood returns to the neurohypophysis. The neurohypophyseal capillary bed may function as a vascular switch and in this article a series of 14 questions are proposed regarding the vascular dynamics of the pituitary. Together these questions raise the larger question, namely, whether pituitary hormones are transported directly to the brain to modify brain function?〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R M -- Page, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):18-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis/anatomy & histology ; Capillaries/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Dogs ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/blood supply ; Pituitary Gland/*blood supply ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/blood supply ; Rats ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Metabolism of americium-241 in man: an unusual case of internal contamination of a child and his father (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The metabolism of americium-241 has been studied during an 8-year period in an adult male and his son who, at the ages of 50 and 4 years, respectively, were accidentally and unknowingly contaminated within their home by means of inhalation. Chelation therapy with calcium trisodium pentetate was more effective in enhancing the removal of americium-241 from the child than from the father.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, N -- Sasso, T L -- Wrenn, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Americium/*metabolism/poisoning ; Body Burden ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Bone and Bones/metabolism ; Chelating Agents/*therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism ; Lung/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Ingested mineral fibers: elimination in human urine (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Sediment in human urine examined by transmission electron microscopy contains amphibole fibers which originate from the ingestion of drinking water contaminated with these mineral fibers. The ingestion of filtered water results in the eventual disappearance of amphibole fibers from urine. These observations provide the first direct evidence for the passage of mineral fibers through the human gastro-intestinal mucosa under normal conditions of the alimentary canal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cook, P M -- Olson, G F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):195-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa/metabolism ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicon Dioxide/metabolism/*urine ; *Water Pollutants ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Visual resolution and receptive field size: examination of two kinds of cat retinal ganglion cell (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: Intraocular recordings from brisk-sustained and brisk-transient ganglion cells in the cat's retina revealed a systematic increase in center size and decrease in spatial cut-off frequency with increasing distance from the area centralis. At any one eccentricity sizes of the centers of sustained and transient cells did not overlap, and the variation in cut-off frequency for each class was constrained to about one-half octave.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleland, B G -- Harding, T H -- Tulunay-Keesey, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1015-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; Ganglia/physiology ; Retina/cytology/*physiology ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology ; *Visual Fields
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Enchancement of luminance flicker by color-opponent mechanisms (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-10
    Description: Color-opponent ganglion cells in the monkey retina respond to luminance flicker at high temporal frequencies. Color opponency, which makes these cells so selective of wavelength at low temporal frequencies, is progressively lost at high frequencies. This loss is due to a frequency-dependent phase shift between the responses of spectrally different center and surround mechanisms in the receptive field of each of these cells. Center and surround responses, which are antagonistic at low temporal frequencies, become synergistic at high ones, making these cells most responsive at high frequencies to those wavelengths to which they are least responsive at low frequencies. This phenomenon can explain the differences between chromatic and luminance flicker in human vision.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gouras, P -- Zrenner, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 10;205(4406):587-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Color ; Ganglia/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Light ; Retina/*physiology ; *Vision, Ocular
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Cerebellar plasticity: modification of Purkinje cell structure by differential rearing in monkeys (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-12
    Description: Dendritic branching in Purkinje and granule cells and the diameters of Purkinje cell somas were compared in several cerebellar areas of monkeys reared in isolation, with social experience, or in a large colony. In the colony-reared monkeys, spiny branchlets of Purkinje cells were more extensive in the paraflocculus and the nodulus than they were in the other two groups. Granule cell dendritic branching in the paraflocculus and nodulus did not differ across groups. In addition, Purkinje cell somas were larger in the uvula and the nodulus of the colony animals than in the other groups. These data indicate that the social and physical environment during development influences the morphology of cerebellar Purkinje cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Floeter, M K -- Greenough, W T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 12;206(4415):227-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/113873" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Cerebellum/*growth & development ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Environment ; Haplorhini ; Macaca fascicularis ; Movement ; Purkinje Cells/*cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Structure of physiologically identified X and Y cells in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Horseradish peroxidase injected into 18 single, physiologically identified geniculate X and Y cells permitted a detailed morphological correlate to be determined for the physiological properties of each neuron. Class 1 morphological characteristics were associated with Y cells, class 3 with X cells, and class 2 structural traits were seen in both physiological types.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Friedlander, M J -- Lin, C S -- Sherman, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1114-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology/physiology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Interneurons/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Cortical plasticity in monocularly deprived immobilized kittens depends on eye movement (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: A marked reduction of binocular cells in striate cortex is found if 4-week-old kittens are visually stimulated monocularly while anesthetized and held in a stereotaxic apparatus. If the kittens are paralyzed and artificially respirated, changes are not found unless an eye is moved mechanically. It appears that eye movement and visual stimulation are necessary conditions for deactivation of binocular connections, but neither is sufficient to induce such changes alone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freeman, R D -- Bonds, A B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1093-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; *Eye Movements ; Functional Laterality ; Immobilization ; Paralysis/physiopathology ; Visual Cortex/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Muscle fiber regeneration after transplantation: prediction of structure and physiology from electromyograms (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Digitized electromyographic activity of transplanted extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in cats differs from that of control EDL and anterior tibialis muscles lying adjacent to transplanted EDL muscles. In autotransplanted muscles, the cross-sectional area of the fibers shows a negative correlation with mean spike frequency and a positive correlation with mean amplitude. The mean frequency-amplitude products correlate with isometric tetanic tensions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorniak, G C -- Gans, C -- Faulkner, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1085-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Electrodes ; Electromyography/methods ; Muscles/cytology/physiology/*transplantation ; *Regeneration ; Transplantation, Autologous
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 10
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    Alteration of cortical orientation selectivity: importance of asymmetric input (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Rearing cats so that each of the two eyes sees stripes of a different orientation alters the orientation preference of visual cortex cells. This result can be obtained by rearing the cats in striped cylinders or with goggles attached to their faces, but a tighter control of orientation preference is achieved by the goggles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gordon, B -- Presson, J -- Packwood, J -- Scheer, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1109-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Orientation/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Stimulation of human periaqueductal gray for pain relief increases immunoreactive beta-endorphin in ventricular fluid (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-19
    Description: Immunoreactive beta-endorphin was measured in the ventricular fluid of six patients with chronic pain. Stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter in three patients with pain of peripheral origin resulted in significant increases (50 to 300 percent) in the concentration of ventricular immunoreactive beta-endorphin. In three other patients suffering deafferentation dysesthesia, stimulation of the posterior limb of the internal capsule did not alter the concentration of this peptide. These results provide evidence of the release of human immunoreactive beta-endorphin in vivo and suggest that naloxone-reversible pain relief achieved by stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter may be in part mediated by the activation of beta-endorphin-rich diencephalic areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hosobuchi, Y -- Rossier, J -- Bloom, F E -- Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 19;203(4377):279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Brain/*physiology ; Cerebral Aqueduct ; Electric Stimulation ; Endorphins/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Enkephalins/cerebrospinal fluid ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palliative Care/methods ; Radioimmunoassay
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Tissue perfusion rate determined from the decay of oxygen-15 activity after photon activation in situ (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: Rates of cerebral perfusion were obtained from measurements of the disappearance (wash-out) of oxygen-15 after in situ tissue activation with 45-million-volt x-rays. In an anesthetized cat, typical values were 90 milliliters per minute per 100 grams of tissue, with 55 percent wash-out. In a specific radiotherapy patient, the value was 65 milliliters per minute per 100 grams of tissue, with 63 percent wash-out of oxygen-15 through incorporation into tissue water.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hughes, W L -- Nussbaum, G H -- Connolly, R -- Emami, B -- Reilly, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*blood supply ; Cats ; Humans ; Neoplasms/blood supply ; Oxygen/*blood/radiation effects ; Oxygen Radioisotopes ; *Regional Blood Flow ; X-Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol production by human brain in vivo (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: A direct method has been employed to estimate the rate of production by human brain of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol, the major metabolite of brain norepinephrine, a brain neurotransmitter. Venous specimens were obtained from the internal jugular vein from ten awake human subjects at a puncture site above the common facial vein, the first major source of extracranial inflow. Arterial specimens were simultaneously obtained from the radial artery. Plasma samples were assayed and a highly significant difference was found in the concentration of the metabolite in plasma coming out of the brain (venous blood) as compared to plasma entering the brain (arterial blood). This venous-arterial difference was calculated to be 0.7 +/- 0.1 nanogram per milliliter of blood. Assuming an adult brain weight of 1400 grams and normal cerebral blood flow, it is estimated that the rate of production of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by the awake human brain is approximately 597 nanograms per minute or 35.8 micrograms per hour. Urine specimens were also collected from six of these subjects during a period of 1 to 3.5 hours, which bracketed the time the blood samples were obtained. For these six subjects the output of 3-methyoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by whole brain was estimated to be 40.9 micrograms per hour, whereas the rate of its excretion into urine was 64.5 micrograms per hour.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maas, J W -- Hattox, S E -- Greene, N M -- Landis, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1025-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Glycols/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol/blood/*metabolism/urine ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 14
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    Sex hormones and brain development (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):985-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/112680" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/physiopathology ; Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/*growth & development ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Preoptic Area/growth & development ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Sex Differentiation ; Testosterone/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 15
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    Lateral geniculate nucleus in dark-reared cats: loss of Y cells without changes in cell size (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: In cats reared in the dark from birth until 4 months of age, the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus contained few normal Y cells in either the binocular or monocular segments. Although most of the neurons appeared to be normal X cells unaffected by light deprivation, many cells with abnormal receptive field and response charcteristics were encountered. These effects were permanent, since 1 to 2 years of normal visual experience following initial light deprivation did not lead to any functional recovery. The sizes of cell bodies in cats reared in the dark were similar to those of normal animals, an indication that changes in geniculate cell physiology need not be related to changes in cell size.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kratz, K E -- Sherman, S M -- Kalil, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1353-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Darkness ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology/growth & development ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Pathways/cytology/*growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 16
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    The annual Pap smear: an idea whose time has gone? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):177-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening/*economics ; Middle Aged ; *Papanicolaou Test ; Risk ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Vaginal Smears/*economics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 17
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    The HDL: the good cholestrol carriers? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):677-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/223241" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Cholesterol/*blood/metabolism ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, HDL/*blood ; Lipoproteins, LDL/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/etiology ; Risk ; Running ; Sex Factors ; Tissue Distribution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Pharmacologic effects in man of a potent, long-acting dopamine receptor agonist (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Single-dose administration of pergolide mesylate (100 to 400 micrograms) results in a dose-related inhibition of prolactin secretion which persists for more than 24 hours. During multiple-dose administration of pergolide, plasma prolactin concentrations remain markedly reduced (greater than 80 percnet) and gradually return to control levels several days after drug administration is discontinued.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lemberger, L -- Crabtree, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ergolines/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Placebos ; Prolactin/blood ; Receptors, Dopamine/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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  • 19
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    Reversal potential for noradrenaline-induced hyperpolarization of spinal motoneurons (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: By using two separate electrodes with tips inside a single feline motoneuron, current-voltage characteristics were studied during extracellular iontophoresis of noradrenaline. The usually observed hyperpolarization was accompanied by an increase in membrane resistance and became larger with polarizing and smaller with depolarizing currents. During large depolarizing current injections, the noradrenaline-induced potential reversed its direction, usually at a membrane potential of about -20 millivolts. These data are compatible with the concept that noradrenaline hyperpolarizes nerve cells by decreasing resting membrane conductances to sodium and potassium ions. The observation could also be explained by a nonspecific decrease in ion permeability that is associated with a hyperpolarization due to sodium pump activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, K C -- Engberg, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):422-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Norepinephrine/*pharmacology ; Potassium/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/drug effects/*physiology
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  • 20
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    Functional organization of lateral geniculate cells following removal of visual cortex in the newborn kitten (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: When the visual cortex of a newborn kitten is removed, most neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus degenerate, but a small population of large cells is spared. Electrophysiological recording revealed that detailed visual topography in the nucleus is abnormal and that single cells have unusually large receptive fields. These results suggest that optic axons deprived of their normal synaptic targets rearrange their connections to converge on local surviving neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, E H -- Kalil, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):713-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology ; Nerve Degeneration ; Visual Cortex/*cytology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology/growth & development
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  • 21
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    Thalamic and cortical afferents differentiate anterior from posterior cingulate cortex in the monkey (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: The anterior cingulate cortex receives thalamic afferents mainly from the midline and intralaminar nuclei rather than the anterior thalamic nuclei. In contrast, the posterior cingulate cortex receives afferents primarily from the anterior thalamic nuclei and from extensive cortical areas in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. These contrasting afferents may provide a structural basis for pain-related functions of the anterior cingulate cortex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogt, B A -- Rosene, D L -- Pandya, D N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):205-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/107587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways/cytology ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology ; Gyrus Cinguli/*cytology/physiology ; Haplorhini ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Macaca mulatta ; Thalamic Nuclei/*cytology
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  • 22
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    Phase advance of the circadian sleep-wake cycle as an antidepressant (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: Sleep in depressed patients resembles sleep in normal subjects whose circadian rhythms of temperature and rapid-eye-movement sleep are phase-advanced (shifted earlier) relative to their sleep schedules. If this analogy is relevant to the pathophysiology of depressive illness, advancing the time of sleep and awakening should temporarily compensate for the abnormal timing of depressed patients' circadian rhythms. Four of seven manic-depressive patients studied longitudinally spontaneously advanced their times of awakening (activity onset) as they emerged from the depressive phase of their illness. In a phase-shift experiment, a depressed manic-depressive woman was twice brought out of depression for 2 weeks by advancing her sleep period so that she went to sleep and arose 6 hours earlier than usual. The antidepressant effect of the procedure was temporary and similar in duration to circadian desynchronization induced by jet lag in healthy subjects. This result supports the hypothesis that abnormalities of sleep patterns in some types of depression are due to abnormal internal phase relationships of circadian rhythms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wehr, T A -- Wirz-Justice, A -- Goodwin, F K -- Duncan, W -- Gillin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):710-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/227056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bipolar Disorder/*physiopathology/therapy ; Body Temperature Regulation ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Motor Activity/physiology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology
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  • 23
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    Species-specific perceptual processing of vocal sounds by monkeys (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: Monkeys of four species were trained to discriminate between sets of natural tonal calls of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) by the position of a frequency-inflection peak or by initial pitch. The Japanese macaques consistently performed best on peak position and the other species on pitch. The results imply special strategies for perceptional processing of vocal sounds and suggest parallels with human speech perception.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zoloth, S R -- Petersen, M R -- Beecher, M D -- Green, S -- Marler, P -- Moody, D B -- Stebbins, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):870-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/108805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
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  • 24
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    Orientation anisotropy of visual stimuli in rhesus monkey: a behavior study (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: The contrast sensitivity of the rhesus monkey was tested, according to a modified reaction-time paradigm, for sine-wave grating targets at different orientations. The monkey possesses an oblique effect slightly larger than that of humans. A reaction time analysis showed the oblique effect to be a suprathreshold as well as a threshold phenomenon. The presence of this effect further strengthens the use of the monkey as a model for the human visual system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boltz, R L -- Harwerth, R S -- Smith, E L 3rd -- R01 EY001139/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):511-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Species Specificity ; *Visual Perception
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  • 25
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    Menopausal flushes: a neuroendocrine link with pulsatile luteninizing hormone secreation (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-08-24
    Description: Menopausal flush episodes were found to be invariably associated with the initiation of pulsatile pituitary release of luteinizing hormone. This was not accompanied by a significant change in circulating catecholamine or prolactin concentrations. Since pulsatile luteinizing hormone release results from episodic secretion of luteinizing hormone releasing factor by the hypothalamus, these findings suggest a link between the neuroendocrine mechanisms that initiate such episodic secretion and those responsible for the onset of flush episodes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Casper, R F -- Yen, S S -- Wilkes, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 24;205(4408):823-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Climacteric ; Dopamine/blood ; Epinephrine/blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood/*secretion ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/blood ; Prolactin/blood
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  • 26
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    Target velocity signals of visual tracking in vermal Purkinje cells of the monkey (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Discharges of Purkinje cells were recorded from the vermis, lobules VI and VII, of a monkey trained to track a visual target. When the monkey tracked a sinusoidally oscillating target, cellular activity changes in phase with the velocity signal of the eye movement. When the monkey fixated a stationary point, almost identical modulation in activity occurred, reflecting the velocity signal of the motion of the retinal image of the target. The data suggest that the vermis participates in the control of smooth pursuit eye movements by providing the oculomotor system with the actual target velocity information which is the sum of eye velocity and retinal image velocity signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kase, M -- Noda, H -- Suzuki, D A -- Miller, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):717-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/111350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; *Eye Movements ; Haplorhini ; Motion Perception/physiology ; Proprioception ; Purkinje Cells/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 27
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    Subicular input from temporal cortex in the rhesus monkey (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-08-10
    Description: The subicular cortices of the primate hippocampal formation form a physical and connectional link between the cortex of the temporal lobe and the hippocampus. Their direct connections with all classes of cortex in the temporal lobe except primary sensory cortex underscore the pivotal role of these areas in the potential interplay between the hippocampal formation and the association cortices.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Hoesen, G W -- Rosene, D L -- Mesulam, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 10;205(4406):608-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109926" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Haplorhini ; Hippocampus/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta ; Temporal Lobe/anatomy & histology/*physiology
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  • 28
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    Physostigmine and recent memory: effects in young and aged nonhuman primates (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: The effect of physostigmine on recent memory was evaluated in young and aged rhesus monkeys. All aged monkeys had previously shown impaired memory. The performance of the young monkeys treated with physostigmine was similar to that recently reported for young humans--no effects at low doses, some improvement at a restricted range of doses, and deficits at the highest dose. Although the aged subjects also improved at the same general doses, their overall response as a group was much more variable than that of the younger subjects. The performance of some aged monkeys was impaired by low doses that did not affect young monkeys. Continued improvement was observed in some aged monkeys at the highest dose, which typically impaired young monkeys. These variable effects across aged subjects suggest that physostigmine cannot easily or reliably be used as an agent for treating geriatric cognition. Nevertheless, the differential age-related effects suggest that appropriate manipulation of the cholinergic system may eventually be developed to alleviate some of the cognitive impairments suffered by aged subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartus, R T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/227061" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/physiology ; Aging ; Animals ; Cognition/physiology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Memory Disorders/drug therapy ; Memory, Short-Term/drug effects ; Physostigmine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Synaptic Transmission
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  • 29
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    Selective phospholipid adsorption and atherosclerosis (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: Disaturated (fully saturated) lecithins adsorb onto solid surfaces more readily than lecithins in which one or both fatty acids are unsaturated. If saturated lecithins adsorb to arterial walls as they do to glass and polystyrene surfaces, there may be increased probability of atherosclerosis when the disaturated lecithin content of plasma is elevated. Analyses of lecithins in plasma samples from patients with myocardial infarction, and from patients with premature atherosclerosis but with low concentrations of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, are consistent with the hypothesis that a high concentration of disaturated lecithin in plasma may be a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis, independent of triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gershfeld, N L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):506-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/581915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adsorption ; Adult ; Aged ; Arteriosclerosis/blood/*etiology ; Coronary Disease/*blood ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/blood ; *Phosphatidylcholines/blood ; Pulmonary Surfactants/blood ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Temperature
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  • 30
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    Response of cat inferior colliculus neurons to binaural beat stimuli: possible mechanisms for sound localization (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: The interaural phase sensitivity of neurons was studied through the use of binaural beat stimuli. The response of most cells was phase-locked to the beat frequency, which provides a possible neural correlate to the human sensation of binaural beats. In addition, this stimulus allowed the direction and rate of interaural phase change to be varied. Some neurons in our sample responded selectively to manipulations of these two variables, which suggests a sensitivity to direction or speed of movement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuwada, S -- Yin, T C -- Wickesberg, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):586-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493964" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; Inferior Colliculi/*physiology ; Motion Perception/physiology ; Orientation/*physiology ; Periodicity
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  • 31
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    Beta-adrenergic-sensitive adenylate cyclase in secretory cells of choroid plexus (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: Biochemical evidence supporting the sympathetic control of cerebrospinal fluid production has been obtained through identification of a specific beta-adrenergic-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the choroid plexus. The enzyme, which is localized in the secretory epithelium, is activated by low concentrations of isoproterenol and norepinephrine and appears separate from beta-adrenergic-sensitive adenylate cyclase present in cerebral blood vessels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathanson, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):843-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/220707" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cats ; Cattle ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Choroid Plexus/*enzymology/metabolism ; Dogs ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Epithelium/enzymology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
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  • 32
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    Inhibition of gonadotropin by delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol:mediation by steroid receptors? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-04-20
    Description: Competition assays for estradiol receptors in cytosol preparations of uteri from rhesus monkeys and humans showed that delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) does not compete with estradiol for intracellular estrogen recptors. Although isotopically labeled THC bound to macromolecules in uterine cytosol from the rhesus monkey, the binding was not displaced by unlabeled THC, diethylstilbestrol, estradiol, progesterone, cortisol, or 5 alpha-dihydrostestosterone. Scatchard analyses indicated that high-affinity saturable binding of THC to cytosol did not occur. Thus the inhibitory effect of THC on gonadotropin and steroid secretion in primates is not mediated by the interaction of THC with intracellular steroid hormone receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R G -- Besch, N F -- Besch, P K -- Smith, C G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 20;204(4390):325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/107589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Diethylstilbestrol/metabolism ; Dronabinol/*pharmacology ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Receptors, Estrogen/*drug effects/metabolism ; Steroids/metabolism ; Uterus/*metabolism
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  • 33
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    Localization of the neurally mediated arrhythmogenic properties of digitalis (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-04-20
    Description: Available evidence suggests that the propensity of digitalis glycosides to produce cardiac arrhythmias is due in part to their neuroexictatory effects. We have performed experiments in cats which support the existence of a neurogenic component in the etiology of digitalis-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Our data further indicate that the locus of this neural effect lies within an area of the medulla 2 millimeters above to 2 millimeters below the obex. These findings, when considered with the effects of polar cardiac glycosides that do not cross the blood-brain barrier, suggest that the area postrema may be the site of neural activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Somberg, J C -- Smith, T W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 20;204(4390):321-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/*chemically induced ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cats ; Digitalis Glycosides/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Heart/*drug effects/innervation ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/physiology ; Vagus Nerve/physiology
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    Plasticity: the mirror of experience (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: A simple avoidance training procedure during early development produces massive neural traces in visual and somatic cortices of kittens reared in a normal environment. A preponderance of cells in these areas had response preferences for the stimuli used during training. Furthermore, some of these cells exhibited properties never found in normal animals not receiving such training. It appears that, even in an environment in which many other stimuli are present, some early experiences powerfully affect brain development and the way in which other experiences exert their effect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spinelli, D N -- Jensen, F E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):75-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/758683" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/physiology ; Cats ; Environment ; Functional Laterality ; Memory/physiology ; Orientation/physiology ; Somatosensory Cortex/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Cortex/*growth & development/physiology
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    Isolation and characterization of an endogenous type C virus of rhesus monkeys (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: A type C retrovirus was isolated from a continuous cell line established from a spontaneous esophageal carcinoma of a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulata) by prolonged cocultivation with canine cells. A DNA transcript of the viral RNA hybridized to a high level and kinetic analysis indicated the presence of multiple copies of the viral genome in rhesus monkey DNA, showing that the virus is endogenous in this species. The rhesus monkey virus closely resembles, in several respects, an endogenous type C virus previously isolated from stumptailed macques (Macaca arctoides), aa species closely related to rhesus monkeys.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rabin, H -- Benton, C V -- Tainsky, M A -- Rice, N R -- Gilden, R V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):841-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/87013" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*microbiology ; Macaca mulatta/*microbiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Retroviridae/enzymology/*isolation & purification/ultrastructure ; Viral Proteins/analysis/immunology
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  • 36
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    Inhibitory, GABAergic nerve terminals decrease at sites of focal epilepsy (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-13
    Description: Using an immunocytochemical method for the localization of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesizing enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), we have observed GABAergic nerve terminals distributed throughout all layers of normal monkey sensorimotor cortex. These terminals displayed ultrastructural characteristics that suggested that they arose from aspinous and sparsely spinous stellate neurons. In monkeys (Macaca mulatta and M. fascicularis) made epileptic by cortical application of alumina gel, a highly significant numerical decrease of GAD-positive nerve terminals occurred at sites of seizure foci indicating a functional loss of GABAergic inhibitory synapses. A loss of such inhibition at seizure foci could lead to epileptic activity of cortical pyramidal neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ribak, C E -- Harris, A B -- Vaughn, J E -- Roberts, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):211-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carboxy-Lyases/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Epilepsies, Partial/*physiopathology ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/*metabolism ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Haplorhini ; Macaca fascicularis ; Macaca mulatta ; Motor Cortex/metabolism ; Nerve Endings/enzymology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
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    Erythrocytes: a new cell type for the evaluation of insulin receptor defects in diabetic humans (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-13
    Description: Human erythrocytes have specific insulin receptors. When studied in an insulin radioreceptor assay, erythrocytes from adult-onset, nonobese diabetic subjects bound at least 42 percent less insulin than the normal subjects at insulin concentrations from 0.1 to 100 nanograms per milliliter. The diabetic subjects had 190 insulin receptor sites per cell as compared with the 380 insulin receptor sites per cell for the normal subjects. The deficit of insulin binding in the diabetic subject was thus associated with a fewer number of insulin binding sites per cell with little or no change in affinity. The erythrocyte is a readily available cell for the evaluation of cellular insulin receptor activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robinson, T J -- Archer, J A -- Gambhir, K K -- Hollis, V W Jr -- Carter, L -- Bradley, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):200-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus/*blood/metabolism ; Erythrocyte Membrane/*metabolism ; Erythrocytes/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism
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  • 38
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    Plasma beta-endorphin immunoreactivity in schizophrenia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Plasma beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity was measured by a method that was equally sensitive to beta-endorphin and [Leu5]-beta-endorphin. Immunoreactivity in 98 schizophrenic patients did not differ greatly from that in 42 normal subjects. No immunoreactivity was detectable in dialyzates from first-time hemodialysis of eight nonpsychotic renal patients and nine schizophrenic patients. These results are not compatible with recent reports of extremely high concentrations of [Leu5]-beta-endorphin in hemodialyzates from schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ross, M -- Berger, P A -- Goldstein, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1163-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Endorphins/*blood/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay ; Schizophrenia/*blood ; Stress, Physiological/blood
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  • 39
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    Effects of frontal eye field and superior colliculus ablations on eye movements (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: Two parallel neural pathways are primarily responsible for the control of saccadic eye movements--one mediated through the frontal eye fields and the other through the superior colliculus. When both pathways are disrupted, control of saccadic eye movements is lost. Disruption of either pathway alone produces only subtle deficits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schiller, P H -- True, S D -- Conway, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):590-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/115091" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Mapping ; *Eye Movements ; Frontal Lobe/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Reflex/physiology ; Saccades ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiology
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  • 40
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    Behavior maintained by termination of a schedule of self-administered cocaine (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: Squirrel monkeys self-administered cocaine by pressing a lever while under a variable-interval schedule of reinforcement. At the same time, they terminated the availability of self-administered cocaine by pressing a second lever while under a fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement. The maintenance of behavior by schedule drug injections and by termination of scheduled drug injections, usually considered to be processes associated with different classes of drugs, can occur simultaneously when behavior is controlled by different contingencies associated with a single drug.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spealman, R D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1231-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109920" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Cocaine/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Saimiri ; Self Administration/psychology ; Substance-Related Disorders/physiopathology
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  • 41
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    Long-term amphetamine treatment decreases brain serotonin metabolism: implications for theories of schizophrenia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: Long-term amphetamine administration to cats (a mean of 8.75 milligrams per kilogram twice daily for 10 days) produced large decreases (40 to 67 percent in serotonin and its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, in all brain regions examined. This treatment also produced several behaviors that are dependent on depressed central serotonergic neurotransmission, and which normally are elicited exclusively by hallucinogenic drugs. Short-term amphetamine administration (15 mg/kg) did not produce these behaviors and resulted in small decreases in brain serotonin and no change in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. These data are discussed in the context of monoamine theories of schizophrenia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trulson, M E -- Jacobs, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1295-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Chemistry/*drug effects ; Cats ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/metabolism ; Schizophrenia/*physiopathology ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 42
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    Primate olfactory behavior (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-03-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 16;203(4385):1139-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/106469" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta/physiology ; Male ; Pheromones ; Smell/*physiology
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  • 43
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    Dendritic growth in the aged human brain and failure of growth in senile dementia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: Golgi-stained dendrites of single randomly chosen layer-II pyramidal neurons in the human parahippocampal gyrus were quantified with a computer-microscope system. In nondemented aged cases (average age, 79.6 years), dendritic trees were more extensive than in adult cases (average age, 51.2), with most of the difference resulting from increases in the number and average length of terminal segments of the dendritic tree. These results provide morphological evidence for plasticity in the mature and aged human brain. In senile dementia (average age, 76.0), dendritic trees were less extensive than in adult brains, largely because their terminal segments were fewer and shorter. Cells with shrunken dendritic trees were found in all brains. These data suggest a model of aging in the central nervous system in which one population of neurons dies and regresses and the other survives and grows. The latter appears to be the dominant population in aging without dementia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buell, S J -- Coleman, P D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):854-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; *Aging ; Cells, Cultured ; Dementia/pathology/*physiopathology ; Dendrites/pathology/physiology/ultrastructure ; Hippocampus/pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged
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  • 44
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    Cognitive deficit caused by regional depletion of dopamine in prefrontal cortex of rhesus monkey (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: Depletion of dopamine in a circumscribed area of association cortex in rhesus monkeys produces an impairment in spatial delayed alternation performance nearly as severe as that caused by surgical ablation of the same area. This behavioral deficit can be pharmacologically reversed with dopamine agonists such as L-dopa and apomorphine. These data provide direct evidence that dopamine plays an important role in a specific cortical function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brozoski, T J -- Brown, R M -- Rosvold, H E -- Goldman, P S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):929-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/112679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects/physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Cognition/drug effects/*physiology ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Haplorhini ; Levodopa/pharmacology ; Macaca mulatta ; Norepinephrine/physiology
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  • 45
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    Smoking impairs long-term dust clearance from the lung (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: The time for the long-term clearance of dust from human lungs was measured. Three heavy cigarette smokers and nine nonsmokers inhaled a harmless trace amount of magnetic dust, Fe3O4. From periodic measurements with a sensitive magnetic detector of the amount of this dust remaining in the lungs, a clearance curve was determined for each subject. This magnetic tracer method allows clearance to be safely followed for a much longer time than with radioactive tracer methods. The dust clearance in the smokers is considerably slower than in the nonsmokers. After about a year, 50 percent of the dust originally deposited remained in the lungs of the smokers whereas only 10 percent remained in the lungs of the nonsmokers. The smokers therefore retained five times more dust than the nonsmokers. This impaired clearance of Fe3O4 suggests impaired clearance in smokers of other dusts, such as toxic occupational and urban dusts. The higher retention of these dusts may contribute to the higher incidence of lung diseases in smokers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, D -- Arai, S F -- Brain, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):514-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Dust ; Humans ; Iron ; Lung/*physiopathology ; Lung Compliance ; Magnetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Smoking/*physiopathology
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  • 46
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    Dopamine-related tetrahydroisoquinolines: significant urinary excretion by alcoholics after alcohol consumption (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-12-07
    Description: Concentrations of dopamine-related tetrahydroisoquinolines (salsolinol and O-methylated salsolinol) were significantly higher in the daily urine samples of alcoholic subjects admitted for alcohol detoxification than in the daily urine samples of nonalcoholic control subjects. Salsolinol concentrations in alcoholic subjects appeared to drop to trace (control) values 2 to 3 days after admission, following the disappearance of ethanol and its reactive metabolite acetaldehyde from the blood. These results indicate that physiologically active tetrahydroisoquinolines increase in humans during long-term alcohol consumption, presumably because of acetaldehyde's direct condensation with catecholamines. The presence of these or similar condensation products in the urine could be useful as clinical indicators of prior blood acetaldehyde concentrations in chronic alcoholics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, M A -- Nijm, W P -- Borge, G F -- Teas, G -- Goldfarb, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 7;206(4423):1184-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetaldehyde/blood ; Adult ; Alcoholism/metabolism/*urine ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Humans ; Isoquinolines/*urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Salsoline Alkaloids/urine ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/urine
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  • 47
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    Conditioned inhibition: selective response of single units (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: Single cell activity and local field potentials in parastriate cortex of cats and rabbits were studied during a Pavlovian discrimination procedure. Cell activity was selectively modified; conditioned changes occurred in response either to the reinforced stimulus or to the unreinforced one, but not to both. Cells exhibiting conditioned alteration in response to the unreinforced stimulus are thought to participate in specialized circuits mediating conditioned inhibition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Toledo-Morrell, L -- Hoeppner, T J -- Morrell, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):528-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology)/*physiology ; Neural Inhibition ; Rabbits ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 48
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    The central origin of efferent pathways in the carotid sinus nerve of the cat (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: The application of horseradish peroxidase to the central cut end of the carotid sinus nerve of the cat produced retrograde labeling of neurons in the ipsilateral medulla in the region of the nucleus ambiguus at anterior-posterior coordinates -8 to -10.5. These data coupled with previous electrophysiological observations suggest that the nucleus ambiguus may be the origin of an efferent inhibitory pathway to the carotid body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉deGroat, W C -- Nadelhaft, I -- Morgan, C -- Schauble, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1017-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472721" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carotid Sinus/cytology/*innervation ; Cats ; Efferent Pathways/cytology ; Glossopharyngeal Nerve/cytology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Medulla Oblongata/cytology ; Neural Inhibition
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  • 49
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    GABA receptor control of parasympathetic outflow to heart: characterization and brainstem localization (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Blockade of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor function by direct microinjection of the GABA receptor antagonist bicuculline into the nucleus ambiguus of the brainstem produced a marked, dose-related depression of heart rate and blood pressure which was mediated by the vagus nerve. This effect was not obtained in other regions of the brainstem and was reversed by the GABA receptor agonist muscimol. These data indicate that the nucleus ambiguus may be the site of a GABA receptor-mediated inhibition of vagal outflow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DiMicco, J A -- Gale, K -- Hamilton, B -- Gillis, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1106-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451556" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cats ; Heart/*innervation ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Isoniazid/pharmacology ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Receptors, Drug/*physiology ; Vagus Nerve/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
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  • 50
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    Cadmium: in vivo measurement in smokers and nonsmokers (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-07-20
    Description: Absolute amounts of cadmium (in milligrams) in the left kidney and concentrations of cadmium (micrograms per gram) in the liver were measured in vivo in 20 healthy adult male volunteers. Organ cadmium levels of smokers were significantly elevated above those of nonsmokers. No relationship was evident between body stores of cadmium (liver and kidney) and cadmium or beta 2-microglobulin in urine or blood. The average total body burden of cadmium in man at age 50 is estimated to be 19.3 milligrams for nonsmokers and 35.5 milligrams for smokers (38.7 pack-year smoking history). Biological half-time for the whole body was, on average, 15.7 years (10- to 33-year range). Dietary absorption was 2.7 micrograms per day. Cigarette smoking resulted in the absorption of 1.9 micrograms per pack.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ellis, K J -- Vartsky, D -- Zanzi, I -- Cohn, S H -- Yasumura, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 20;205(4403):323-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377488" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cadmium/*analysis ; Diet ; Humans ; Kidney/analysis ; Liver/analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutron Activation Analysis ; Smoking/*physiopathology ; Tissue Distribution ; beta 2-Microglobulin/urine
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  • 51
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    Eye movements initiate visual-motor development in the cat (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Visually naive kittens turn their eyes toward visual targets but lack other visual-motor coordinations. Light-reared animals were able to mediate guided behaviors with an immobilized eye, but animals with the eye immobilized before initial exposure to a lighted environment were not. Eye movement is implied to play an essential role in visual-motor development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hein, A -- Vital-Durand, F -- Salinger, W -- Diamond, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1321-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/313076" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Cats ; Darkness ; *Eye Movements ; Functional Laterality ; Locomotion ; *Movement ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development ; Visual Perception/physiology
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  • 52
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    Agent orange furor continues to build (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 24;205(4408):770-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/111351" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Defoliants, Chemical/*poisoning ; Dioxins/*poisoning ; Haplorhini ; Herbicides/*poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; *Military Medicine ; Vietnam
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    Phase resetting and annihilation of pacemaker activity in cardiac tissue (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: Spontaneous rhythmic activity in isolated cardiac pacemaker cells can be terminated by a brief, subthreshold, depolarizing or hyperpolarizing perturbation of the proper magnitude applied at a specific point in the pacemaker cycle. Evidence is provided in support of a topological theory of the existence of a "singular" point in cardiac oscillators.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jalife, J -- Antzelevitch, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):695-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Cattle ; Dogs ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Heart Conduction System/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; *Periodicity ; Purkinje Fibers/*physiology ; Sinoatrial Node/*physiology
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    Choline excites cortical neurons (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: In cats under halothane or methoxyflurane, iontophoretic applications of choline are only eight times weaker than applications of acetylcholine in evoking firing of neurons in the sensorimotor region of the cerebral cortex. The action of choline is suppressed by atropine but not by two agents that block choline uptake (hemicholinium-3 and triethylcholine), and is not potentiated by an anticholinesterase (physostigmine). Choline therefore appears to excite cortical neurons by a direct action, which may be a significant component of its beneficial therapeutic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krnjevic, K -- Reinhardt, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1321-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects ; Choline/*pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Evoked Potentials ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Hemicholinium 3/pharmacology ; Motor Cortex/physiology ; Physostigmine/pharmacology ; Receptors, Muscarinic/drug effects ; Stimulation, Chemical
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    Antibodies to sporozoites: their frequent occurrence in individuals living in an area of hyperendemic malaria (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: Serum samples from 158 West Africans were tested for antibodies against sporozoites, the vector stage of the malaria parasite. Antibodies specific for Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites were detected by means of the circumsporozoite precipitation assay and indirect immunofluorescence. More than 90 percent of the serum samples from adults gave positive immunofluorescent reactions against falciparum sporozoites, whereas most of the samples from children gave low or negative reactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nardin, E H -- Nussenzweig, R S -- McGregor, I A -- Bryan, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):597-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/386511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Antibodies/*analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Reservoirs/immunology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Malaria/*immunology ; Middle Aged ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology ; Vaccines
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  • 56
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    Dissociations between the effects of LSD on behavior and raphe unit activity in freely moving cats (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: The hypothesis that the action of hallucinogenic drugs is mediated by a depression of the activity of brain serotonergic (raphe) neurons was tested by examining the behavioral effects of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) while studying the activity of raphe neurons in freely moving cats. Although the results provide general support for the hypothesis, there were several important dissociations. (i) Low doses of LSD produced only small decreases in raphe unit activity but significant behavoiral changes; (ii) LSD-induced behavioral changes outlasted the depression of raphe unit activity; and (iii) raphe neurons were at least as responsive to LSD during tolerance as they were in the nontolerant condition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trulson, M E -- Jacobs, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):515-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451617" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cats ; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/*pharmacology ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Raphe Nuclei/drug effects/*physiology
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    Electromagnetic muscle stretch strongly excites sensorimotor cortex neurons in behaving primates (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-02-02
    Description: Responses of single units in primary motor and sensory cortex of behaving primates to electromagnetic stretch of the muscle flexor carpi ulnaris are comparable in latency and intensity to responses to wrist extension. Thus, muscle stretch appears to be a major factor in cortical response to limb displacement during performance and probably has an important role in motor control at the cortical level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolpaw, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 2;203(4379):465-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/104385" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arm ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Electromagnetic Phenomena ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta ; Motor Cortex/*physiology ; *Movement ; Muscles/*innervation ; Neurons/physiology ; Proprioception
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    Generation of unidirectionally propagated action potentials in a peripheral nerve by brief stimuli (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: Single, unidirectionally propagated action potentials can be elicited in peripheral nerves by electrical stimuli of short duration. Propagation in one direction is blocked anodically by means of a quasi-trapezoidal stimulus wave form and a modified tripolar electrode configuration. Propagation in the other direction proceeds unhindered. This technique may be applicable to collision blocking of motor nerves for neural prostheses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van den Honert, C -- Mortimer, J T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1311-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodes ; Nerve Block/methods ; Peripheral Nerves/*physiology ; Sciatic Nerve/physiology
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    Reversible cerebral atrophy in recently abstinent chronic alcoholics measured by computed tomography scans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-02
    Description: Eight chronic alcoholics received repeated computed tomography scans. Four, who maintained abstinence and functionally improved, showed partially reversible cerebral atrophy. Two nonabstinent patients and two abstinent patients who had completed functional improvement before the first scan showed no change in atrophy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Wortzman, G -- Holgate, R C -- Wilkinson, D A -- Rankin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 2;200(4345):1076-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Alcoholism/*pathology/radiography/therapy ; Atrophy ; Brain/*pathology/radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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    Pontine reticular formation neurons and motor activity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):207-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Reticular Formation/*physiology
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    Functional plasticity in the immature striate cortex of the monkey shown by the [14C]deoxyglucose method (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Autoradiographic representation of the local rates of cerebral glucose utilization and local cerebral functional activity by means of the [14C]deoxyglucose technique reveals the existence of the ocular dominance columns in the striate cortex of the monkey in the first day of life. In contrast to the stability of these columns in more mature brain, monocular deprivation for 3 months from the first day of life results in their complete disappearance and a reversion of the autoradiographic pattern to that seen in animals with normal binocular vision. These results are consistent with a reorganization of the representation of the visual fields of the two eyes in the striate cortex and provide additional evidence of the plasticity of the striate cortex of the monkey in early life.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Des Rosiers, M H -- Sakurada, O -- Jehle, J -- Shinohara, M -- Kennedy, C -- Sokoloff, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):447-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cell Differentiation ; Deoxy Sugars/*metabolism ; Deoxyglucose/*metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Male ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/*cytology/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology/physiology
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    Physiological basis of anisometropic amblyopia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: In the visual cortex of kittens that have received their only visual experience while wearing a high-power lens before one eye, most neurons are dominated by input from the normal eye. Moreover, contrast sensitivity and resolving power are lower for stimulation through the originally defocused eye, mimicking psychophysical results from human anisometropic amblyopes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eggers, H M -- Blakemore, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):264-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663654" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amblyopia/*physiopathology ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Orientation/physiology ; Refractive Errors/*physiopathology ; Visual Cortex/*physiopathology ; Visual Pathways/physiopathology
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    Thermoregulation is impaired in an environment without circadian time cues (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Squirrel monkeys synchronized to a 24-hour light-dark cycle show a prominent circadian rhythm in body temperature which is regulated against mild environmental cold exposures throughout the 24-hour day. However, cold exposures produce significant decreases in core body temperature when the circadian rhythms of the animal are free-running in the absence of environmental time cues. Effective thermoregulation appears to require the precise internal synchronization of the circadian timekeeping system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuller, C A -- Sulzman, F M -- Moore-Ede, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):794-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/414356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cold Temperature ; Cues ; *Environment ; Environmental Exposure ; Haplorhini ; Homeostasis ; Male ; Saimiri ; Time Factors
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    Neuronal plasticity in primate telencephalon: anomalous projections induced by prenatal removal of frontal cortex (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: When the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in one hemisphere of a rhesus monkey is resected 6 weeks before birth and the fetus survives to postnatal ages, neurons of the corresponding cortex in the intact hemisphere issue a greatly expanded projection to the contralateral caudate nucleus in addition to a normal projection to the ipsilateral caudate. The enhancement of the crossed prefronto-caudate pathway after prenatal neurosurgery provides direct evidence for lesion-induced neuronal rearrangement in the primate telencephalon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldman, P S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):768-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/102031" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/ultrastructure ; Brain/embryology/growth & development ; Brain Mapping ; Cell Differentiation ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta ; Neural Pathways/*cytology ; Synapses/*ultrastructure
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    Evoked response correlate of symbol and significate (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Changing the source and intensity of the auditory signal to six trained cats responding to meaningful auditory stimuli permits exogenous and endogenous processes in the auditory evoked potential to be separated. For short-latency exogenous processes, latency and amplitude depend on the parameters of the physical stimulus. However, the amplitude and shape of longer-latency endogenous processes are essentially independent of the location and intensity of the signal source and seem to be invariant concomitants of the significance of the signal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grastyan, E -- John, E R -- Bartlett, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):169-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Cats ; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/*physiology ; *Evoked Potentials ; Geniculate Bodies/*physiology ; Memory/physiology
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    Decrease of human serum fucosyltransferase as an indicator of successful tumor therapy (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-29
    Description: Surgical removal of colon carcinomas leads to a decrease in the rate of incorporation of [14C]fucose into its endogenous acceptor in human serum; normal incorporation rates are attained within 14 days. A similar time course has been determined for alpha2- and alpha3-fucosyltransferase when either desialo- or desialodegalactofetuin are employed as exogenous acceptors. A correlation has also been seen between transferase activity and the therapeutic response of patients with breast cancer. These results indicate that the determination of fucosyltransferase activity can facilitate the diagnosis of neoplasia, and the success of surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bauer, C H -- Reutter, W G -- Erhart, K P -- Kottgen, E -- Gerok, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 29;201(4362):1232-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/*therapy ; Carcinoma/blood/*surgery ; Colonic Neoplasms/blood/*surgery ; Female ; Fucosyltransferases/*blood ; Hexosyltransferases/*blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
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    Hypophysial responses to continuous and intermittent delivery of hypopthalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: In rhesus monkeys with hypothalamic lesions that abolish gonadotropic hormone release by the pituitary gland, the constant infusion of exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) fails to restore sustained gonadotropin secretion. In marked contrast, intermittent administration of the synthetic decapeptide once per hour, the physiological frequency of gonadotropin release in the monkeys, reestablishes pituitary gonadotropin secretion. This phenomenon is attributable to the pattern of GnRH delivery rather than to the amounts of this hormone to which the cells of the pituitary are exposed. Moreover, the initiation of continuous GnRH administration in animals with lesions and in which gonadotropin secretion is reestablished by intermittent GnRH replacement can result in a "desensitization" or "down regulation" of the processes responsible for gonadotropin release.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belchetz, P E -- Plant, T M -- Nakai, Y -- Keogh, E J -- Knobil, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):631-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/100883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/*secretion ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Haplorhini ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Macaca mulatta ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*drug effects/secretion
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    alpha1-Antitrypsin: the presence of excess mannose in the Z variant isolated from liver (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-29
    Description: The Z variant of alpha1-antitrypsin was isolated by a new technique from the liver of a patient homozygous for the Z allele of the protease inhibitor locus. The material was homogenous and antigenically competent but had no protease inhibiting capacity. An interesting correlation was found between the subcellular localization and the carbohydrate composition of the Z variant from liver. Carbohydate analysis of this glycoprotein showed an absence of galactose and sialic acid, an appreciable decrease in N-acetylglucosamine, and an almost twofold increase in mannose residues. These data indicate a considerable slowdown in the processing of the oligosaccharides of liver Z variant. In spite of the absence of sialyl residues, the liver Z varant was microheterogeneous by analytical isoelectric focusing. The isoproteins of liver Z variant coincided with those of asialo M variant in the focusing field.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hercz, A -- Katona, E -- Cutz, E -- Wilson, J R -- Barton, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 29;201(4362):1229-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/308696" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Female ; Galactose/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/genetics ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism ; Mannose/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Sialic Acids/metabolism ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin/*genetics/metabolism
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    Risk factor intervention for health maintenance (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Risk factors for disease consist of (i) personal habits, such as cigarette smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and (ii) bodily characteristics, such as hypertension and high serum cholesterol. Progress in identifying and quantifying risk factors is opening the way to the prevention of disease and maintenance of health. Systematic, controlled trials of intervention against risk factors are beginning to produce evidence on the extent of success in reducing both the factors and the mortality from associated diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):908-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arteriosclerosis/etiology ; Coronary Disease/etiology/*prevention & control ; Disease/*etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/complications ; Hypertension/complications ; Lung Neoplasms/etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Preventive Medicine ; *Probability ; *Risk ; Smoking/complications
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    Transient synapses in the embryonic primate spinal cord (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-15
    Description: Electron microscopic and tritiated thymidine autoradiographic analysis of the embryonic spinal cord in the rhesus monkey reveals considerable rearrangement of cellular and synaptic relationships in the posterior (sensory) quadrant during early developmental stages. This remodeling involves the death of an entire population of neurons that received synapses from sensory afferent axons and the possible relocation of these afferents upon subsequently generated viable substantia gelatinosa neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knyihar, E -- Csillik, B -- Rakic, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 15;202(4373):1206-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/103200" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/ultrastructure ; Cell Survival ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Gestational Age ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta ; Spinal Cord/*embryology/ultrastructure ; Synapses/ultrastructure
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  • 71
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    B lymphocyte antigens in sicca syndrome (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: All individuals tested in this study with sicca syndrome, a human autoimmune disease, bear two immunologically distinct and genetically unrelated B lymphocyte antigens that appear similar to the immune response associated (Ia) antigens of the mouse. The genes coding for these two antigens are present in only 37 and 24 percent of normal controls. In animal models Ia antigen genes are closely linked to immune response genes. Our findings suggest that two such genes may be required for the development of sicca syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moutsopoulos, H M -- Chused, T M -- Johnson, A H -- Khudsen, B -- Mann, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1441-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Female ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Genetic Linkage ; HLA Antigens/analysis/genetics ; Humans ; Isoantigens/*analysis/genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sjogren's Syndrome/genetics/*immunology
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  • 72
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    Lateralization of norepinephrine in human thalamus (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: Norepinephrine has a strongly lateralized distribution in the human thalamus. In the pulvinar region the left hemisphere is rich in norepinephrine, whereas in the somatosensory input area the right hemisphere has a higher concentration of this catecholamine. Such naturally occurring left-right differences in concentration of a neurotransmitter represent a new aspect of hemispheric specialization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oke, A -- Keller, R -- Mefford, I -- Adams, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663623" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dopamine/metabolism ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Somatosensory Cortex/metabolism ; Thalamus/anatomy & histology/*metabolism
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  • 73
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    Memory impairment in epileptic patients: selective effects of phenobarbital concentration (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-12-08
    Description: Nineteen epileptic patients were tested first under medium (week 1) and then under high (week 2) therapeutic levels of phenobarbital. Relative to response times of 20 controls with equivalent practice but without medication, response times of patients in a short-term memory scanning task were strikingly slowed during week 2. However, increased phenobarbital did not slow responses in a task requiring access to information in long-term memory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacLeod, C M -- Dekabian, A S -- Hunt, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 8;202(4372):1102-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epilepsy/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Memory, Short-Term/*drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Phenobarbital/adverse effects/*pharmacology
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  • 74
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    Neural lateralization of species-specific vocalizations by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Five Japanese macaques and five other Old World monkeys were trained to discriminate among field-recorded Japanese macaque vocalizations. One task required discrimination of a communicatively relevant acoustic feature ("peak"), and a second required discrimination of an orthogonal feature of the same vocalizations ("pitch"). The Japanese animals more proficiently discriminated the peak feature when stimuli were presented to the right ear (primarily left cerebral hemisphere), as opposed to the left ear (primarily right hemisphere). In discriminating the pitch feature, the Japanese animals either showed (i) a left-ear processing advantage or (ii) no ear advantage. The comparison animals, with one exception, showed no ear advantage in processing either feature of the vocalizations. The results suggest that Japanese macaques engage left-hemisphere processors for the analysis of communicatively significant sounds that are analogous to the lateralized mechanisms used by humans listening to speech.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Petersen, M R -- Beecher, M D -- Zoloth, S R -- Moody, D B -- Stebbins, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):324-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/99817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Discrimination Learning/physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Male ; Species Specificity ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
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  • 75
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    Terminal arbors of axons that have formed abnormal connections (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Ther terminal arbors of individual retinogeniculate axons that have been induced to grow into an inappropriate geniculate layer have been revealed for light and electron microscopic study by being filled with horseradish peroxidase. After a unilateral ocular enucleation in kittens, single axons from the surviving eye show terminal arbors not only within their own geniculate layers but also in the denervated layers. The new, abnormal arbors arise from the terminal segments of arbors that lie within the nondenervated layer and make patterns of synaptic contacts that appear normal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robson, J A -- Mason, C A -- Guillery, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):635-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/*ultrastructure ; Cats ; Eye/innervation ; Geniculate Bodies/*ultrastructure ; Synapses/*ultrastructure ; Visual Pathways/*ultrastructure
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  • 76
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    Potency in male rhesus monkeys: effects of continuously receptive females (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Ejaculations decreased and mount latencies increased when intact males were paired regularly over a 3.5-year period (3180 tests) with ovariectomized females made constantly receptive by daily injections of estradiol. The deterioration in potency was abruptly and completely reversed by substituting a group of new but similarly treated females for the original ones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michael, R P -- Zumpe, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417398" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ejaculation ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Pair Bond ; Periodicity ; Seasons ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Testosterone/blood ; Time Factors
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  • 77
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    Is pump stimulation associated with positive inotropy of the heart? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: A purified sodium and potassium dependent adenosinetriphosphatase isolated from cat heart was not stimulated by any concentration of ouabain that produced positive inotropy of cat papilliary muscle. Only inhibition of enzyme activity was observed. Concentrations of ouabain used ranged from 3.3 x 10(-10) molar to 5 x 10(-7) molar and produced an increased force of contraction without any evidence of toxicity. The results are inconsistent with a concept that stimulation of sodium pump activity is associated with positive inotropy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michael, L -- Pitts, B J -- Schwartz, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1287-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/149369" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Biological Transport, Active/drug effects ; Cats ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; In Vitro Techniques ; Myocardial Contraction/*drug effects ; Myocardium/*enzymology ; Ouabain/*pharmacology ; Potassium/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism
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  • 78
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    delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol: antiaggressive effects in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, the most active constituent of marihuana, decreased species-specific attack behavior in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys at doses (0.25 to 2.0 milligram per kilogram of body weight) that have no effects on other elements of the behavioral repertoire. Aggressive behavior was engendered in all three species by confronting a resident animal with an intruder conspecific. The present results contrast with the widely held belief that marihuana increases aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miczek, K A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1459-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*drug effects ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Depression, Chemical ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dronabinol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Saimiri ; Territoriality
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  • 79
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    Dyskinesias evoked in monkeys by weekly administration of haloperidol (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-05-19
    Description: In two cebus (Cebus albifrons) monkeys given weekly oral doses of 0.25 milligram of haloperidol per kilogram, movement disorders appeared 1 to 8 hours after drug administration following the tenth weekly dose. These disorders included oral movements, peculiar postures, writhing, and stretching. Such reactions faded in intensity after the next two doses. Increasing the dose to 0.5 milligram per kilogram has elicited the disorders reliably after each weekly dose for almost 2 years. Similar reactions also developed in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciurea) treated weekly with haloperidol and in a third cebus monkey previously maintained for a year on a regimen of 0.25 milligram of haloperidol per kilogram on 5 days per week. These findings suggest an experimental model for determining the etiology of drug-induced movement disorders. They also suggest an unrecognized clinical problem.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, B -- Santelli, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):799-801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417399" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; *Haloperidol/administration & dosage ; Haplorhini ; Time Factors
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  • 80
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    Chronic focal epileptiform discharges induced by injection of iron into rat and cat cortex (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-30
    Description: A single injection of 5 or 10 microliters of ferrous or ferric chloride into rat or cat sensorimotor cortex resulted in chronic recurrent focal paroxysmal electroencephalographic discharges as well as behavioral convulsions and electrical seizures. Recurrent focal epileptiform discharge caused by cortical injection of iron salts suggests that the development of human posttraumatic epilepsy may depend, in part, on the neurochemical alterations induced by the principal metallic ions found in whole blood.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willmore, L J -- Sypert, G W -- Munson, J V -- Hurd, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 30;200(4349):1501-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96527" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects/physiopathology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Electrophysiology ; Epilepsies, Partial/*chemically induced ; Ferric Compounds ; Ferrous Compounds ; *Iron ; Rats ; Seizures/*chemically induced/physiopathology
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  • 81
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    Opiate receptors for behavioral analgesia resemble those related to the depression of spinal nociceptive neurons (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: With naloxone as antagonist, a dose-ratio analysis of the depression by morphine of nociceptive neurons in the spinal cord reveals that this opiate depression of single unit activity has the same pharmacological properties as observed with morphine analgesia. This suggests that the opiate receptor, mediating the observed cellular depression, and those mediating analgesia are presumably the same.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yaksh, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1231-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cats ; Decerebrate State ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Nerve Fibers/physiology ; Nociceptors/*drug effects/physiology ; Receptors, Opioid/*physiology ; Spinal Cord/physiology
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  • 82
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    Interaction of critical periods in the visual cortex of kittens (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-02-03
    Description: The critical period for modifying the preferred direction in cat cortical units occurs earlier than that for monocular deprivation. The independence of the effects of these two types of deprivation from each other was tested by rearing six kittens with both reverse suture and reversed directional deprivation. The kittens were placed in a drum rotating in one direction with one eye open at ages 2 1/2 to 5 weeks; the drum rotation was reversed and the other eye opened when they were 5 to 12 weeks old. Recordings were then made in the visual cortex. The results were the sum of the effects of reverse suture and reversal of directional deprivation: most cells were driven by the eye that was open second, and most unidirectional cells preferred the direction to which the animals were exposed first. Consequently, many unidirectional cells preferred the first direction but were driven by the eye open second--a combination that the animal never saw during rearing. There was also an effect of ocular deprivation on directional properties and vice versa: reverse suture reduced the overall percentage of unidirectional cells, just as directional deprivation has been shown to affect the ocular dominance histogram. This result suggests that the same cells may be affected by both forms of deprivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daw, N W -- Berman, N E -- Ariel, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):565-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Cats ; Cell Differentiation ; Functional Laterality ; Motion Perception/physiology ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*growth & development ; Visual Pathways/growth & development ; Visual Perception/physiology
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  • 83
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    Cohort mortality for prostatic cancer among United States nonwhites (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: In recent decades, age-adjusted mortality rates from prostatic cancer have risen precipitously among blacks, remaining unchanged among whites. It is now the most common cancer among United States black males. When nonwhite mortality rates were examined by age and birth cohort, it was found that peak rates occurred at every age in the cohort of 1896 to 1900, and declined thereafter. This presages an arrest and reversal of the time trend in summary mortality rates as more recent nonwhite cohorts reach the ages of maximum risk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ernster, V L -- Selvin, S -- Winkelstein, W Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1165-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *African Continental Ancestry Group ; Age Factors ; Aged ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*mortality
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  • 84
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    Cancer death risk in hospitalized mental patients (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, B H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):966-968.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684429" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders/*complications ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/*mortality ; Risk ; United States
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  • 85
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    Immunoreactive vasopressin and oxytocin: concentration in individual human hypothalamic nuclei (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Individual hypothalamic nuclei were microdissected from brain tissue of ten human subjects who had died suddenly while in apparent good health. Appreciable amounts of vasopressin and oxytocin immunoreactivity were found by specific radioimmunoassay in six hypothalamic nuclei including supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. Vasopressin and oxytocin are presumed to be synthesized in supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei for axonal transport to the posterior pituitary for storage and release. Vasopressin and oxytocin in other hypothalamic nuclei may be a part of this system of neurosecretion or may serve some other function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉George, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):342-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/556308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Hypothalamus/*analysis ; Male ; Median Eminence/analysis ; Middle Aged ; Oxytocin/*analysis ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/analysis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Supraoptic Nucleus/analysis ; Vasopressins/*analysis
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  • 86
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    Age affect and replicative life-span of fibroblasts of diabetic, prediabetic, and normal donors: another look at the data (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gleason, R E -- Goldstein, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 15;202(4373):1217-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/725599" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Cell Division ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Mellitus/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prediabetic State/*physiopathology
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  • 87
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    Anosmia in male rhesus monkeys does not alter copulatory activity with cycling females (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Three adult male rhesus monkeys were tested daily with intact adult female partners over the course of four or five mentstrual cycles. The males were made permanently anosmic by chemical ablation of the olfactory epithelium after the second or fourth cycle was completed. All males continued to display typical cycles of copulation with their partners after the anosmia procedures, with the shortest latencies to ejaculation occurring during the periovulatory phase of the partner's ovulatory cycle. Hence, female attractivity and cyclic copulatory performance of rhesus monkeys are not dependent upon olfactory signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldfoot, D A -- Essock-Vitale, S M -- Asa, C S -- Thornton, J E -- Leshner, A I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1095-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Copulation/*physiology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Menstruation ; *Odors ; Olfaction Disorders ; Vasectomy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    Chronologic and physiologic age affect replicative life-span of fibroblasts from diabetic, prediabetic, and normal donors (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Cultured skin fibroblasts from subjects with clinically apparent diabetes mellitus and from subjects genetically predisposed to diabetes have a replicative lifespan that is inversely related to donor age. Fibroblasts from carefully defined normal subjects not predisposed to diabetes fail to show this correlation. The data support the idea that physiologic status of the tissue donor is a more precise determinant of fibroblast replicative lifespan than chronologic age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldstein, S -- Moerman, E J -- Soeldner, J S -- Gleason, R E -- Barnett, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):781-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Cell Division ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Mellitus/pathology/*physiopathology ; Fibroblasts/*cytology/pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prediabetic State/pathology/*physiopathology ; Regression Analysis ; Skin/cytology/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Macroeconomics of disease prevention in the United States (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gori, G B -- Richter, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1124-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653358" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Environment ; Female ; Government ; Humans ; Infant ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Dynamics ; *Preventive Medicine ; Social Security ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Melatonin content of the human pineal gland (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-06
    Description: Gas chromatography with electron capture detection was used to quantitate melatonin in single human pineal glands. The sensitivity of this melatonin assay is in the low picogram range. A 24-hour rhythm of pineal melatonin content was observed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greiner, A C -- Chan, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 6;199(4324):83-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉North Lawn Unit, Riverview Hospital, Essondale, British Columbia, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromatography, Gas ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Male ; Melatonin/analogs & derivatives/*analysis ; Middle Aged ; Pineal Gland/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    Vasectomy increases the severity of diet-induced atherosclerosis in Macaca fascicularis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-11
    Description: Diet-induced atherosclerosis developed more extensively in vasectomized cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) than in sham-vasectomized control monkeys fed the same diet. The effect was most pronounced in the abdominal aortas, carotid arteries, distal segments of the coronary arteries, and intracranial cerebral arteries. Antibodies to sperm developed in all vasectomized monkeys, and complement and immunoglobulins were associated with atherosclerotic plaques in some of the vasectomized animals. The immunological response to sperm antigens that often accompanies vasectomy may exacerbate atherosclerosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alexander, N J -- Clarkson, T B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):538-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteries/immunology/pathology ; Arteriosclerosis/*etiology/immunology/pathology ; Autoantibodies ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Cholesterol Esters/metabolism ; Diet, Atherogenic ; Haplorhini ; Macaca fascicularis ; Male ; Spermatozoa/immunology ; Vasectomy/*adverse effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Choice behavior in rhesus monkeys: cocaine versus food (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-11
    Description: Rhesus monkeys were allowed to choose between intravenous injections of cocaine and food reinforcement for lever pressing. A choice trial was available every 15 minutes continuously for 8 days. The animals chose cocaine almost exclusively, which resulted in high cocaine intake, decreased food intake, weight loss, and marked behavioral toxicity. The study provides evidence of the reinforcing efficacy of cocaine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aigner, T G -- Balster, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):534-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Body Weight ; Choice Behavior/*drug effects ; Cocaine/*pharmacology ; Decision Making/*drug effects ; Feeding Behavior/*drug effects ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Posture ; *Reinforcement (Psychology)
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Primate infant's effects on mother's future reproduction (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: Female savanna baboons (Papio cynocephalus) had a longer postpartum amenorrhea and thereafter cycled longer before conceiving if their previous infant survived than if that infant died. Among mothers of surviving infants, differences in maternal care produced differences in age of weaning and age of independence but did not result in differences in interbirth intervals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altmann, J -- Altmann, S A -- Hausfater, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1028-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/98844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea ; Animals ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Maternal Behavior ; Papio/*physiology ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; *Reproduction ; Time Factors ; Weaning
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    Copulatory vocalizations of chacma baboons (Papio ursinus), gibbons (Hylobates hoolock), and humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: The copulatory vocalizations of female baboons (Papio ursinus) are more complex than those of female gibbons (Hylobates hoolock) or human females. Adult males of all these species begin calling later than the female, but subordinate baboon males do not call. Copulatory vocalizations may serve to mutually stimulate the mating partners or to incite male competition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamilton, W J 3rd -- Arrowood, P C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1405-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663622" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Female ; Hominidae/*physiology ; Humans ; Hylobates/*physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Papio/*physiology ; Respiration ; Sexual Behavior/*physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    Lichen myxedematosus serum stimulates human skin fibroblast proliferation (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-03
    Description: Serum from patients with lichen myxedematosus, when added to exponentially growing normal human skin fibroblasts, stimulates DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. The degree of response in vitro is correlated with the extent of the disease in vivo and is specific for fibroblasts. The results suggest that there is a systemic factor (or factors) which may play a role in the etiology of diseases affecting the connective tissue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harper, R A -- Rispler, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):545-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Diseases/*blood/immunology/pathology ; Thymidine/metabolism
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  • 96
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    Mummy of the "Elder Lady" in the tomb of Amenhotep II: Egyptian museum catalog number 61070 (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: An unidentified female mummy found in a cache of great kings and queens in 1898 in the Valley of the Kings was examined from the viewpoint of Egyptology, x-ray cephalometry, biostatistics, and biochemistry. The result was the identification of Queen Tiye, of the Eighteenth Dynasty, wife of Amenhotep III and mother of Akhenaton.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harris, J E -- Wente, E F -- Cox, C F -- Nawaway, I E -- Kowalski, C J -- Storey, A T -- Russell, W R -- Ponitz, P V -- Walker, G F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1149-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/349693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cephalometry ; Egypt ; Electron Probe Microanalysis ; Female ; Hair/analysis ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; *Mummies ; Skull/radiography
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  • 97
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    Primate neurobiology: neurosurgery with fetuses (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):960-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/414357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/embryology/surgery ; Eye/embryology/innervation ; Fetus/*surgery ; Haplorhini ; Nervous System/*embryology ; Neural Pathways/embryology ; *Neurosurgery ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Primates/*embryology/surgery ; Research ; Visual Cortex/embryology/surgery
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Immunization against infectious disease (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases in the United States have declined more than 90 percent since 1900. Factors believed to be responsible for this decline include changes in the natural history of disease, sanitation, quarantine measures, control of nonhuman vectors, antibacterial drugs, and immunization. The contributions of each of these factors differ among the various infectious diseases; except for smallpox and diphtheria control, immunization had little effect until after World War II. The success of present and future immunization programs is endangered by public and physician complacency and by complex legal and ethical problems related to informed consent and responsibility for rare, vaccine-related injury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mortimer, E A Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):902-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/347579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; *Communicable Disease Control ; Communicable Diseases/history/mortality ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; *Immunization/adverse effects/history ; Infant ; Middle Aged ; United States ; Vaccination/history ; Vaccines/adverse effects ; Vaccines, Attenuated/adverse effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    Enhancement of conditioned arterial pressure responses in cats after brainstem lesions (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Cats were classically conditioned after the baroreceptor reflexes were abolished by bilateral placement of electrolytic lesions in the nucleus tractus solitarii. The conditioned increases in arterial pressure were more than five times larger than the responses obtained in similarly trained controls. This finding suggests that the baroreceptor reflexes actively inhibit conditioned increases of arterial pressure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathan, M A -- Tucker, L W -- Serverini, W H -- Reis, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood Pressure ; Cats ; Conditioning, Classical/physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata/*physiology ; Pressoreceptors/*physiology ; Reflex/physiology
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  • 100
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    Frequency discrimination following the selective destruction of cochlear inner and outer hair cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Frequency discrimination was measured behaviorally before and after drug-induced lesions of cochlear hair cells in the cat. Discrimination was unaffected by complete loss of outer hair cells provided that at least 50% of inner hair cells were intact. Thus, inner hair cells are important for frequency discrimination, and they can function normally in this regard without the influence of outer hair cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nienhuys, T G -- Clark, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1356-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Threshold/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Cats ; Cochlea/ultrastructure ; Hair Cells, Auditory/drug effects/*physiology ; Kanamycin/pharmacology ; Mechanoreceptors/*physiology ; *Pitch Discrimination
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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