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  • Gas chromatography  (70)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (70)
  • 1975-1979  (70)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1935-1939
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 288-292 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Stationary phases, polar, gum type ; For temperatures up to 300°C ; For most of the common classes of organic compounds ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Most of the common classes of organic compounds chromatograph normally on Superoxes. There is no tailing or adverse effect from excessively different activity different activity coefficients. Superoxes are therefore universal phases for gas chromatography. This is also expressed by a wide useful temperature range from ∼50° to ∼300°. High MW Superox-4 has a MAOT about 20° higher than the lower MW Superox-0.1. Several applications illustrating the versatility of Superox phases in (GC)2 are presented.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 429-435 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Surface roughening by diatomaceous support (5 micron particles deposition) ; Organic glue (polar polymethacrylate acetate) used as intermediate material ; Reproducibility and durability of capillaries discussed ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A technique for adhesion of fine particles (ca. 5 μ) of the 405 white diatomaceous support on the inner wall of glass tube with organic glue [poly (diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) acetate] is described. The coated tube was drawn to capillary column by using a machine designed according to Desty's. The capillary column was then coated with stationary phase (such as squaiane, QF-1, Dexsil 300, PEG 20 M, OV-1, SE 30 and etc.) by the conventional dynamic or static method. This preparation method has proved easy to duplicate and is simple. The coating efficiency (UTE %) is within 60-90. The theoretical plate number per meter of an SE 30 column is about 4000, and per meter of a PEG 20 M column is about 2500. The columns thus prepared have been successfully used to analyze petroleum hydrocarbons, essential oils, petrochemicals, pheromone, steroid metabolites and others.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 635-636 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Cyclandelate quantitation ; In plasma. No sylilation needed ; Analysis within 16 min, range 5-50 ng/mikroliter ; Correlation coeff. 0.996 (N=6) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 4
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 177-183 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary ; Injection by tailored capsule-insertion technique ; Critical comparison with split-injection technique ; Competitive with best-known systems ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A capsule-insertion system tailored to the needs of capillary gas chromatography is described. It provides the basis for a truly quantitative and improved qualitative approach to open tubular capillary GLC. The advantages of the system lie in its simplicity of handling and in the possibility of using relatively low injection temperatures, thus reducing the risks to thermally unstable samples.The observed high efficiencies characterizing this capillary GLC capsule technique allow full advantage to be taken of the operating capacity of the superior capillary columns to give a performance competitive with the best known split-injection systems.
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  • 5
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 254-254 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Hydrodesulphurization products elution ; Room temperature two-column operation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 6
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 283-287 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Sampling technique ; Semi-automation of head space sampling ; Application to water pollution, coffee aroma, light hydrocarbons in crude oil ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Head space GC using a special electropneumatic sampling system works well in combination with glass capillaries. Because a homogenous gas mixture is already present most problems inherent with inlet splitters are thus avoided. In cases where the high vapor pressure of the sample can cause problems with the pressure controlled sampling system, the use of narrow bore glass capillaries provides the necessary inlet pressure. The use of this powerful and convenient analytical tool for water pollution analysis, flavour analysis and the analysis of volatiles in crude oil samples is shown by examples.
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  • 7
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 319-323 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Mobile phase flow programming ; Comparison with temperature programming ; Short capillaries offer considerable shorter analysis time when flow programmed ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The technique of programming the carrier gas flow rate in gas chromatography, especially in connection with the use of capillary columns shorter than 10 m can significantly accelerate GC analyses. Equations for calculation of the parameters of the exponential flow function and retention data are described. The effects of flow programming in a short capillary column are shown in a few chromatograms. Different programming rates are tested and compared with temperature programming.
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  • 8
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 297-302 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Surface roughening ; Amorphous silica ; Deactivation ; Column performance ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new method for the preparation of wall-coated glass capillary columns after surface roughening by means of amorphous silica is described. After the glass capillary has been leached, a small quantity of amorphous silica is deposited evenly on the inner surface. This is done by passing a plug of dilute water glass through the capillary, followed by a flow of gaseous hydrochloric acid. The roughened surface is stabilized, deactivated and finally coated.This paper furnishes details of the technique and information about the performance of a number of columns prepared by the method.
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  • 9
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 324-328 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Theory in contrast to traditional approaches ; Very practical formulas for peak width, maximum load, concentration in mobile phase ; Optimizing procedure for trace analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In contrast to traditional theoretical approaches by calculation of (nonexistent) theoretical plates, a unified theory of gas chromatography as given by a definition of the resolution analogue to methods in signal processing or spectroscopy using the well-known Kovacz indices as fundamental scale. A derivation of the thusly defined resolution from basic physical principles yields very practical formulae for peak width, maximum load, substance flow in peak maximum, concentration of substance in the carrier gas and other interesting parameters in dependence of capillary diameter, capillary length, film thickness, carrier gas speed, viscosities etc. Diagrams show favourite conditions for detectors responding on absolute substance flow (e.g. FID) or on concentrations.
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  • 10
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 400-404 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Low temperature plasma etching ; Polymer film on the inner surface from organosilicone monomer ; Flexibility of this new method discussed ; Discharge chamber described ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel method is described for the preparation of stable glass capillary columns (glass open tubular columns), including the etching and formation of a polymer film on the inner glass capillary surfaces. The approach used here is based on low-temperature plasma etching and polymerization. Under the influence of a field of radio frequency discharge, low pressure gases of fluoric compounds, introduced into the glass capillary tube, generate excited fluorine radicals which etch the inner surface. The plasma of organosilicone monomer in the glass capillary yields a uniform polymerized film on the inner surface. The resultant material functions as a good stationary phase for glass capillary gas chromatography (GC2). The inner surfaces treated with such a plasma, can be studied by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The flexibility of this method permits the use of various stationary phases and surface modification.
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  • 11
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 416-422 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; SECAT-technique=stepless fine tuning of capillary selectivity by serial column temperature optimization ; Exponential influence of temperature on selectivity over a wide range found ; SECAT-technique ready for automation of column adjustment on sample composition polarity ; Instrumental and methodological details for primitive self made solution given ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: GC, including capillary GC, is rather inflexible, if a certain column length and stationary phase has been fixed for a given analytical problem. If the sample composition changes, one often has to change the column length and/or stationary phase, at least when something like optimum analytical conditions are needed. Temperature changes (or heating rates) can change the selectivity of a given column only within very limited ranges, due to the exponential effect of temperature on retention time. By serial coupling two chemically different capillaries, each run at another temperature, even the slightest changes of these two temperature values have a dramatic effect on the selectivity of the system for polar substances. We call this technique the SECAT mode of GC. Results are reported as retention index shifts, dependent on SECAT temperature data. This technique can in future easily be automated, thus enabling the analyst, for polar sample analysis, to adjust a given chroma-tographic system to his specific sample composition without touching the instrument.
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  • 12
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 487-496 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Comparison of FID, ECD, FPD for detection limit. linearity, peak shape etc. ; Practical results for pesticide residue and coal hydrogenation products given ; Concentration dependent detectors in capillary GC interesting, when optimized ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A comparison of the characteristics and Performance of the flame ionization, electron capture, and flame photometric detectors with capillary columns is described. Factors which may affect the limits of detection, linearity, chromatographic peak shape, and other detector performance characteristics are discussed and compared with the results of a model derived for the behavior of concentration and mass flow-rate dependent chromatographic detectors used with capillary GC systems. Examples are given of highly complex and labile mixtures such as pesticide residues and products from coal hydrogenation.
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  • 13
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 581-582 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Retention indices and substituent constants ; Phenols ; Polar stationary phases ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 14
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Surface deactivation, persllylation ; Discussion of variable parameters ; Suggested practical procedure ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 15
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 629-630 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary glass ; Nitrogen-specific detection ; TMSN ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 16
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 31-35 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Surface deactivation, silylation ; Inertia stable to 350° ; Free acids and bases, simultaneous injection ; On-column injection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A deactivation procedure is described based on a published method using hexamethyldisilazane in the gas phase. In addition to unusually high inertia and thermostability, the method produces truly neutral columns which allow simultaneous analysis of moderately strong free acids and bases. The silylated columns show their full potential only with on-column injection. Preliminary experimental directions are given; more elaborate directions will become available after extended optimization work.
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  • 17
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 529-530 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Requirements with respect to pressure controllers ; Design of pressure controllers ; All-metal controllers ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 18
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 186-186 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Carrier gas ; Flow control by flattened tube restriction ; Fine tuning by adjustable twisting ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 19
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 187-188 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Whiskers, OV-17 ; Steroid profiling ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 20
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 357-360 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Whisker production ; Violent explosion at the „ether etching“ step ; Modification of pyrex glass etching leads to more uniform whiskers in size and shaep, simple, safe ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recent attempts to reproduce a literature method for etching of Pyrex glass capillary columns with „etching ether“ resulted in reduction of the columns to dust through a violent explosion. Although modifications of the method produced etched columns, we found that less than satisfactory results were achieved. Introduction of etching ether by simply coating the column with a thin film of the ether produced an evenly etched column with well defined whiskers. Several observations made during the etching process will also be discussed.
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  • 21
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 361-365 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Sample preparation by pre-chromatographic reaction at the 7 microliter level ; Reproducibility of methylation and allylation of barbiturates ; Application to blood analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pre-chromatographic reactions are no longer a necessary evil. Equipment such as the microrefluxer now allows reproducible 7-μl-reactions to be carried out in a short time. Thus multiple derivatisations can be used together with glass capillary GC for routine identifications. The method has been succesfully applied to barbiturates. Retention data of their methyl-, allyl- and benzyl-derivatives are given.Quantitative blood level determinations are briefly discussed.
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  • 22
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 411-415 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Enantiomer amino acids separated on chirally functionalized polysiloxane phase ; McReynolds constants of chiral phase given ; HCl gas pretreatment, colloidal silicic acid deposition best wall preparation ; Racemisation tested ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Glass capillaries coated with Chirasil-Val, a chirally functionalised polysiloxane, are capable in principle of resolving all protein amino-acid enantiomers in a single run and within a short analysis time, thus allowing for example the quantitative amino acid determination by enantiomer labelling. The elution characteristics of the individual amino acids however are also dependent upon the chemical nature of the capillary wall surface, and a surface pretreatment is found to be necessary if all protein amino acids are to be analysed. Of the various methods of pretreatment tested, etching of borosilicate glass with gaseous HCl followed by deposition of colloidal silicic acid is considered to be the most suitable.
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  • 23
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 436-440 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; „bo“ data (starting peak width) in valveless multidimensional operation studied ; Heart cutting, trapping, re-injection effects measured ; Band broadening caused by connections small (160 ms2) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to permit valveless MDSS operation and easy column change, the hardware designed contains several connections. These can give rise to extra-column band broadening effects. In order to quantitate such effects, the packed-capillary column configuration (without trap) was used. The band broadening caused by the connections was found to be small: 120 ms2. A more practical approach was used to check the performance of the trap (re-injection) in the capillary-trap-capillary column configuration. Here the results obtained with re-injection from the trap were compared with results obtained in transfer and heart-cutting modes while the trap was heated. Re-injection was tested with n-alkanes ranging from n-C6 to n-C28. A starting peak width of 1.6 s was found.
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  • 24
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 456-460 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary ; Theory ; Linearity between peak width and retention data ; Evaluation of GC equipment ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The linearity of the relationship between σT,t2 and (1 + k)2 is studied with the view of using it for the evaluation of GC equipment. Based on appropriate analytical expressions it is concluded that in general this relationship is not linear and that practical procedures for column evaluation should be developed that take this non-linearity into account.
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  • 25
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 461-474 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Limitations by temperature, in trace analysis, by irreversible adsorption ; Sample capacity, separation efficiency ; Multidimensional GC advantageous ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Glass capillary gas chromatography is a high resolution separation method which allows the qualitative and quantitative analysis of even complex mixtures, which may contain many components-also isomeric-in a wide range of volatilities, polarities and concentrations.The principal limitation of gas chromatographic application is given by an insufficient volatility of the species to be separated. Elevated temperatures have to be applied if the application range is to be extended and to achieve steep peak profiles, i.e. low detection limits at high resolution. The use of elevated temperatures is limited, of course, by the temperature stability of both the solvent (stationary liquid and support) and the solutes.The problems of trace analysis for low volatility compounds at high resolution and its limitational parameters regarding sampling, separation and detection are discussed.The applicability of glass capillary columns in this field is influenced by the following parameters: tailing behaviour; irreversible adsorption of polar and decomposition of unstable solutes; thermal stability of stationary liquid (including the support deactivation); separation efficiency and sample capacity (film thickness).Multidimensional gas chromatography using capillary columns coupled either with a packed or another capilllary column for preseparations may be applied with advantage in the analysis of complex mixtures.
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  • 26
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 527-528 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Leaching compared to etching ; Leaching by 20% HCI at 240°C ; Metal ions eliminated from glass surface ; Silica layer formed on leached surface ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 27
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 712-714 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Cholesteric liquid crystal phase ; Separation of geometrical isomers ; Cholesteryl cinnamate ; Insect pheromones ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 28
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 72-73 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary ; Split injection problems even at ratios 1:100 and 0.06 ml injection ; Band broadening effects, leading tail caused by reverse solvent effect for early peaks rel. to late solvent peak ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 29
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 303-311 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Overview, preparation and evaluation techniques ; Quantitation is the least satisfactory aspect of (GC)2 ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The preparation of (glass) capillary columns of high quality is still not without difficulties. Six problems in this context are highlighted. Column material choice(l), glass wall modification(2) and coating(3) are considered to have reached a satisfactory level. Deactivation(4) is still in a state of flux. Quantitation(5) is the least satisfactory aspect of capillary GC. Scope expansion(6) will be helped by the introduction of new phases of high thermal stability and by the adoption of solutions exclusively applicable to capillary GC.Evaluation of (glass) capillary GC columns is a rapidly developing field. Hopefully the number and complexity of test or polarity mixtures will not expand much further and it will be possible to make a clear and generally acceptable choice.The preparation and evaluation of ever-improving capillary columns is important to an ever-widening group of chromatographers. Our opinion on selected topics in this already vast field is summarized in the following overview.
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  • 30
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 405-410 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Stationary phases of polysiloxane-type degrade in acidic solution ; Several salt traces affect stability at high temperature NaCl on Duran-5O: no effect at 260°C ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A number of polysiloxanes have been shown to be sensitive to acids when dissolved in chloroform.At 26O°C polysiloxanes were found to degrade under the influence of several compounds used or produced during the preparation of glass capillary columns.
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  • 31
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 577-578 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; support and packing production technique and device ; drying, removal of fines, silanization, solution coating, total evaporation ; in one system ; normal transport results in partial mechanical partlkel damage, causing tailing, decomposition on uncoated surfaces ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 32
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 221-224 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary ; Vapor-phase sampling ; Sample preparation, extraction by carbon dioxide under high pressure, Freon 12 ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two new sample preparation procedures that produce solvent-free extracts especially suitable for use with high resolution GC are described. One is based on Soxhlet extraction in a pressurized container that permits the use of liquid carbon dioxide as the extractant; the other utilizes refluxing difluorodichloro-methane (Freon 12) to isolate entrained volatiles from gas streams.
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  • 33
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 216-220 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, at 25O°C ; Sampling via precolumn enrichment ; Precolumn backflush, reinjection after trapping the volatiles ; Rejection of non-volatiles ; Automation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel sampling system for isothermal capillary gas chromatography of medium- or low-volatility mixtures is described and test results are reported using flame ionization detection. The system features a loading and positioning chamber for glass vials which can carry a dilute sample in up to 0.2 ml of a volatile solvent. The output from the glass vaporization chamber is trapped onto a packed precolumn operated in the backflush mode. The analytes are further transferred over a wall-coated capillary trap prior to isothermal capillary GLC. Repeat-cycle operation of the sampling system requires 10 channels of a processor for time control over 5 solenoid valves and 3 static heaters. Preliminary results with long-chain n-alkanes in the submicrogram range showed no unwanted effects. The principal claim of the system is an improved rejection of non-volatiles.
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  • 34
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 249-250 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Deactivation stable up to 35O°C ; High temperature phase ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method of deactivating the inner surface of glass capillary columns is described, which can be used at 350°C without detoriation. A non-polar liquid phase was prepared from a commercially available liquid phase which, when coated on a glass surface, can withstand temperatures of 325°C for isothermal analysis and 350°C for temperature-programmed analysis.After deactivation, the column was coated using the static coating method. Then it was conditioned, tested and kept for 48 hours at 35O°C before being used for the analysis of a mixture of chlorinated pesticides.
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  • 35
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 378-384 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Glass capillaries for low volatile polar natural products analysis ; Application to N-TFA-dipeptide, TMS-ribose, TMS-manno-samin, peptide sequence analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two published procedures for glass capillary column production are applied to produce capillaries for chromatography of polar natural compounds. Soda lime glass capillaries, after leaching with aqueous HCL, are either treated with colloidal silicic acid or with barium carbonate and coated with either Silar 7CP or SE 52. A test mixture as well as polar carbohydrate and peptide mixtures are chromatographed on the different columns and their chromatographic properties are evaluated. Combined capillary gas chromatography-electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry are used for identification of the peptide sequence.
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  • 36
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 444-446 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Micropacked columns ; Sample capacity under comparable conditions forty times larger than in capillaries ; Equations given ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Equations have been derived from which the maximum sample size which may be loaded on a column without significantly affecting the performance may be calculated. It is shown that micro-packed columns can handle a sample which is as much as forty times larger than that which can be loaded onto wall-coated open tubular columns with comparable conditions.
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  • 37
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 481-486 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Splitting conditions for quantitative sampling investigated ; Injection amount and temperature should remain constant ; Standard deviation below 1% ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sample inlet splitters are used in capillary column gas chromatography. We have investigated the sample band broadening in the splitter and studied reproducibility and accuracy in quantitative analysis using a simple lab-made splitter. It was found that the results were dependent upon the operating conditions such as split ratio, splitter temperature, glass wool plug, injected sample volume and solvent.
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  • 38
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 423-428 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, nickel ; „Transevaporator“ into packed pre-column as sampling technique prior capillary described ; Application to volatile metabolite body fluid analysis for early detection of disease ; Serum and human breast milk as examples ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nickel capillary columns coated with moderately polarstationary phases such as Witconol can be used for the separation of the organic volatile fraction from biological fluids. A “transevaporator” sampling technique for the collection of the organic volatiles on glass beads from as little as 5 to 500 μl of biological fluids (e.g. urine, serum, amniotic fluid, breast milk, saliva, etc.) is described. The organic volatiles are thermally desorbed from the glass beads into a short precolumn cooled in liquid nitrogen, which overcomes the problems associated with sample introduction onto narrow-bore capillary columns. The application of the full analytical technique to problems associated with the early detection of disease is illustrated.
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  • 39
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 441-443 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Methodological and instrumental solution of the recirculation problem ; In-line miniature switching valves used ; Column length optimization possible ; Over 3500 theoretical plates per second generated ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A multiple repass system, utilizing an in-line switching valve and suitable for use with small-bore glass open tubular columns, is described. The advantages of the system, which include higher OPGV, large plate numbers and optimization of column “length”, are discussed.
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  • 40
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 475-480 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Photoionization detector (PID) ; Detection limit 50 to 100 pg nitrosamines at 10.2 eV ; Nitrosamine analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of a photoionization detector (PID) coupled to a glass capillary gas chromatography (GC2) separation system for the detection of carcinogenic nitrosamines was investigated. The components analyzed gave a linear response with a lower detection limit of 50 to 100 pg with the 10.2 eV ionization source. No detector response was obtained with an ionization energy of 9.5 eV.Chromatography of meat extracts indicated their complex molecular composition. Simple liquid chromatographic cleaning procedures significantly decreased the complexity of these samples, but not sufficiently for the accurate quantition of nitrosamine components.
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  • 41
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Packed columns ; Glass transition temperatures of 3 polymers ; Polystyrene ; Poly(vinyl chloride) ; Poly(methyl methacrylate) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The glass transition temperatures, Tg, of polystyrene, poly (vinyl chloride) and poly(methyI methacrylate) have been determined from gas chromatographic measurements using n-hexane, n-heptane, meta-xylene and para-xylene solvents. The glass transition temperatures were detected on the z-shaped retention diagrams which were produced from the plot of the logarithm of the specific retention volumes of the above-mentioned solvents against the reciprocal of temperature, i.e. log Vgº vs. 1/T. The glass transition temperature is specified by the temperature where the slope of log Vgº vs. 1/T changes abruptly. The observed glass transition temperature of polystyrene produced by this technique was found to be in good agreement with those produced by other techniques such as the differential scanning colorimeter.The industrial importance of the glass transition temperature, Tg, might be due to the dramatic changes in the physical properties of the polymer, such as hardness and elasticity, which take place in the vicinity of this temperature. However, perfectly crystalline polymers do not exhibit glass transitions, because their chains are incorporated in regions of three-dimensional order, called crystallites. Completely amorphous polymers and semi-crystalline polymers usually exhibit both glass transition and melting.
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  • 42
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 536-539 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Photoionization detector ; Detector cell volume contribution to band broadening ; Flow rate effects on volumetric-based peak variance ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 43
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 580-580 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; support and packing production device ; drying, removal of fines, solution coatig, total evaporation ; principal virtue of the system: solvent can be recovered ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 44
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 715-719 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Sample introduction ; Direct manual operation at the capillary inlet ; Micro pipette is coupled onto cold separation capillary ; PTFE connection used ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 45
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Separation of polychloro biphenyls ; Separation of organochlorine pesticides ; Splitless automated injection ; Residue level ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Complicated PCB mixtures can be separated in individual compounds using glass capillary gas chromatography, (GC)2. Depending on extraction and clean-up procedure it is also possible to separate and determine organochlorine pesticides at the same time.This (GC)2 technique can be used to determine the contents of individual chlorinated biphenyls in milk products and animal feedstuffs and in the analysis of complicated extracts of soil and vegetable material.Practical aspects concerning connection of the capillary, automatic splitless injection, repeatability of the retention time, quality of the column with respect to separation and adsorption and degradation of DDT are discussed.The detection of individual chlorinated biphenyls is possible at the ppb level in fats and vegetable materials, using an extraction and clean-up procedure, based on saponification of the sample.Preliminary results for milk, obtained from several areas, are shown.
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  • 46
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 746-748 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Pt/Ir tubing ; Interfacing and coupling of columns ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 47
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 312-318 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Subnanogram analysis of estrogens as heptafluorobutyric esters ; ECD, quantitative analysis, automatic injection ; Run-to-run precision at the 50 picogram level between 2 and 7% rel. standard deviation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Subnanogram detection of steroids has become increasingly important today. One applicable method for gas chromatographic determination of subnanogram quantities of estrogens as halogenated derivatives is electron capture detection. HFB-derivatives of 7 different estrogens were automatically injected onto a prolonged narrow bore wall-coated glass capillary column. Normal split injection could not be used for this trace analysis because of too much loss of sample. Only small amounts of sample were available from which double analysis had to be performed.Cross-contamination of the automatic sampling system as well as precision of retention times and peak areas were determined.The type of injection described showed better quantitative results compared to the splitless injection technique.All details of the system used together with the results are this discussed in this paper.
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  • 48
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 343-350 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Analysis up to C50 in GC/quadrupole MS combination ; No special procedures necessary when using commercially available instruments ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The analysis of low volatile compounds by (GC)2/MS using high-temperature stable glass-capillary columns and a commercially available GC/quadrupole MS instrument is described.It will be shown that no special modifications or procedures are required in analyzing organic compounds exceeding carbon numbers of 50. The application to industrially and naturally occuring high boiling mixtures will be discussed.
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  • 49
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 351-356 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Potash soda lead and fused silica as wall material investigated ; Thin-walled fused silica is an ideal material ; Inherently more inert than normal glass ; High flexibility avoids fragility problems ; Application examples (alcohols, mercaptanes, sulfides, phenolsamines, acids) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An investigation was conducted of various glasses, other than soda lime or borosilicate, for use in glass capillary gas chromatography. The work has uncovered some unique chromatographic qualities in the use of potash soda lead and fused silica glasses as materials for making glass capillary columns. The fused silica proved to be an ideal material for capillary column construction, being inherently more inert than glass containing metal oxides. It has been shown that through the use of thin wall capillary tubing of high flexibility many of the mechanical problems associated with glass capillary columns, such as fragility and column straightening, can be avoided.
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 366-370 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Sampling problems by syringe needle temperature ; Technical solution of the problems by cooling and heating up minimized masses ; Discrimination and standard deviation measured with test mixtures C18-C38 ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On-column injection into a hot gas chromatograph oven involves the danger that the bottom part of the needle is warmed up above the boiling point of the solvent in the sample. Consequently parts of the sample are evaporated out of the needle instead of being introduced as a liquid into the capillary column. This causes losses and hence discrimination of the less volatile parts of the sample which remain in the needle.A technical solution is proposed using a system for cooling the capillary during the injection, down to the injection point in the oven.
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  • 51
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Surface roughening by direct deposition of suspension particles ; NaCl used ; High reproducibility when coated with polar phases ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for roughening the surface of glass capillary columns for subsequent coating with polar stationary phases. A suspension of sodium chloride, obtained by addition of a saturated solution of sodium chloride in methanol to 1,1,1-trichloroethane, is passed through the column at velocities of 1-5 cm/s. During passage of the suspension, particles of sodium chloride deposit spontaneously on the column wall. The amount of sodium chloride deposited on the column wall is a function of the volume of the suspension passed through and of the contact time of the suspension and the column wall. Ultimately the amount of sodium chloride per unit surface area approaches a maximum. Columns covered with this maximum amount of sodium chloride were prepared with high reproducibility and coated with a number of polar stationary phases. Various factors that influence the stability of the suspension and the deposition of sodium chloride are discussed and minimum requirements are given. A theoretical model is proposed for the mechanism of deposition of sodium chloride particles on the glass wall.
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 749-750 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Packed column, glass ; Dichloroacetic acid ; In biological fluids, at 50 ng level ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method for the measurement of dichloroacetic acid in plasma or urine has been developed. The method involves extraction of dichloroacetic acid into diethyl ether, evaporation of the etheric phase to a small volume and derivatization with diazomethane. Trichloroacetic acid was used as an internal standard. Concentrations as low as 50 ng/ml can be determined.
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 293-296 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillarym, glass ; Complete separation of bile acids in serum from cholesterol ; Analysis time less than 15 min, adaptable to GC/MS ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The proposed combination of a rather simple procedure for sample preparation with capillary gas-liquid chromatography using a barium carbonate/polyethyleneglycol 20,000 column and a Grob-type on-column injector permits measurement of bile acids in serum with high separation efficiency, short analysis time and complete separation of bile acids from cholesterol. The method can be adapted to combined capillary gas-liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry.
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  • 54
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 329-334 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Theory ; Systematic treatment of simplification effects on minimum plate height and optimum carrier gas velocity ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Band broadening in capillary columns is satisfactorily described by the Golay-equation extended to situations of appreciable pressure drop by Giddings. In practice, however, several simplifications are often made. The effect of these simplifications on the calculated values of the minimum plate height and optimum carrier gas velocity are treated systematically.
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 335-342 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Two-dimensional technique ; Critical evaluation of individual instrumental components ; Minimization of extra column effects and operational parameters discussed ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A versatile two-dimensional gas chromatograph is described, consisting of 2 separate ovens, one intermediate trap, an auxiliary inlet, and the necessary hardware to effect off-line switching according to the principle of Deans. The unit has been designed for use with high resolution glass capillary columns. The performance of individual instrumental components was critically evaluated. Results showed that low dead volume glass to metal connections were required in the manifold and detector lines to minimize extra-column effects. The mass of the intermediate trap must be low to allow rapid heating. Operational parameters are discussed and examples of some applications are shown.
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 395-399 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Retention index determination, reproducibility and error propagation ; Retention time measurement of ±0.01% necessary for retention index reproducibility of ±0.05 units ; Error propagation calculation program for pocket calculator given (HP 67) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Precise evaluation of the chromatographic data by means of the relative retention will allow the full use of the resolution achieved by capillary columns. In practice, retention-index determination is best suited for this purpose. The reproducibility of retention-index determination strongly depends, among other factors, on the accuracy of retention time measurement. A reproducibility of ±0,05 i.u. can be easily achieved with modern gas chromatographic equipment, provided the retention times can be measured with an accuracy of at least ±0.01%. This can be shown by error propagation analysis of retention-index calculation performed with the aid of a programmable pocket calculator.
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  • 57
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 533-534 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Flow stabilization ; Gas velocity in micro-apertures ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 58
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Organic gas phase cigarette smoke ; Microprocessor-controlled ; Cryogenic preconcentration trap ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An automatic injection system for the analysis of gas phase smoke has been designed and evaluated using the microprocessor-controlled Hewlett-Packard 5830 gas chromatograph. The cryogenic preconcentration trap was constructed from relatively inexpensive and readily available materials. It was determined that the use of the preconcentration trap, as opposed to condensing the smoke on the head of the cold (-50°C) chromatographic column, significantly enhanced the resolution of the more volatile gas phase components. Data are presented which illustrate the injection system characteristics. In addition, chromatograms of gas phase smoke are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique.
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 578-579 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Hydrogen carrier gas ; Laboratory safety ; Leakage detection with a gas monitor ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 200-201 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Control of relative retention in series-coupled columns by temperature variation ; Effect of temperature variation on OV 101/Silar 5 column pair ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 217-218 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Quantitative analysis of cholesterol ; Stigmasterol as internal standard ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 227-228 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Septa, column inlet ; Damage to septum by syringe needle ; Column contamination as result of septum damage ; Pre-drilling of septum ; Modification of syringe needle tip ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 301-301 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass, rapid preparation ; Quartz powder surface roughening ; Ideal for thick film impregnations ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 302-303 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Testing uncoated columns ; Test with precolumn ; Adsorption, and acid/base effects ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 199-200 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Controlling relative retention by mixed mobile phases ; Steam plus nitrogen ; Linear relationship for precise analytical forecast of optimum fractional partial pressure ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 223-224 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Precolumn techniques ; Multifunctional timer for preselection of switching operations ; Variable operating range ; Versatility of application ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 225-225 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Gas chromatography ; Stationary phase macroporous co-polymer type SEPARON ; Reproducible controlled microstructure with interconnected pores ; Reversed phase type for HPLC ; Up to 230°C in GC ; For trapping traces from water samples ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 211-212 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Subambient temperatures ; Cryogenic unit, inexpensive ; Temp. programming from ca. -50°C ; Automobile exhaust analysis, improved separation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 263-267 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; On-column injection ; Recommendations for users ; Sample size 0.1-8.0 μl ; Optimization ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: During one year continuous use of on-column injection, the typical advantages described in our first report have fully been confirmed. In addition the analysis of large sample volumes has proved promising. Only minor modifications have been applied to the on-column injector device. Broad evidence has been gathered showing that full separation efficiency of the capillary columns after on-column injection is attained only when cold trapping or the solvent effect, as band shortening mechanisms, are working- While, under the conditions of on-column injection, cold trapping is less efficient than with other injection techniques, the opposite holds true for the solvent effect. Compared with splitless injection, the danger of excessive solvent condensation on the column is increased. A working rule is presented for establishing the optimal chromatographic conditions for handling large sample volumes while ensuring full separation efficiency yet avoiding harm to the column.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 70
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Sequence determination ; Polypeptides ; Proteins ; Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new method for determining the amino acid sequence of polypeptides consists in initial partial hydrolysis to yield a complex mixture of oligopeptides. After derivatization to enhance its volatility, the mixture is analyzed by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The sequence of the polypeptide is established by a computer from the identified oligopeptides. So far polypeptides having up to 40 amino acids have been analyzed by this method. The advantages and disadvantages of the new method compared with the stepwise procedure of the Edman degradation are considered. Since the two methods are based on fundamentally different principles they may prove to be complementary.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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