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  • pharmacokinetics  (417)
  • Immunocytochemistry  (149)
  • 42.55  (107)
  • Springer  (673)
  • 1980-1984  (673)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 22 (1983), S. 14-26 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: branched chain α-keto acids ; 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, 3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate ; 3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate ; dehydrogenation ; transamination ; pharmacokinetics ; absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Michaelis-Konstanten und Aktivitäten von Dehydrogenasen und Transaminasen der drei verzweigten α-Ketosäuren Keto-Valin, Keto-Leucin und Keto-Isoleucin in Leber, Niere, Skeletmuskel und Gehirn von Ratten werden mitgeteilt. Nach oraler Zufuhr passieren nur 11–22% der Ketosäuren unverändert die Leber. Aus pharmakokinetischen und Resorptions-Untersuchungen erhaltene Blutspiegel an Ketosäuren werden zu den Michaelis-Konstanten in Beziehung gesetzt. Bei den geringen Konzentrationen an Ketosäuren nach oraler Zufuhr kann angenommen werden, daß die oxidativen Prozesse in den nichthepatischen Geweben über die Transaminierung überwiegen. Daten über die Wachstumseffizienz von verzweigtkettigen α-Ketosäuren im Vergleich zu den entsprechenden Aminosäuren stimmen mit dieser Vorstellung überein. Bei intravenöser Verabreichung müßten die Voraussetzungen für Transaminierung besser sein als nach oraler Zufuhr. Auf der Basis von Daten aus der Literatur werden die Übertragbarkeit unserer Befunde auf den Menschen und die verschiedenen Faktoren, welche die Effizienz der verzweigten α-Ketosäuren durch Einwirkung auf ihren Stoffwechsel beeinflussen können, diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Miehaelis-constants and enzyme activities for dehydrogenation and transamination of the three branched chainα-keto acids in liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, and brain of rats are reported. After oral load only 11–22 % of the keto acids pass the liver unchanged. Blood levels in pharmacokinetic and absorption studies are related to the Michaelis-constants. At the low keto-acid concentrations after oral application, dehydrogenation in the non-hepatic tissues is supposed to prevail over transamination. Data on feed efficiency of branched chain α-keto acids reported in the literature support this view. The chance for transamination is better after intravenous administration. The transferability of our data to humans, and various factors influencing the efficiency of branched chain α-keto acids are discussed in connection with data reported in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 115-131 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 02.20 ; 42.55 ; 42.60D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This study puts forward the concept of helical distributed feedback (DFB) lasers. The basic features of this new type of laser are derived by group theoretical considerations on cylindrical, circular linear periodic, and helical waveguide and laser structures. It is demonstrated that not only linear periodic structures but also helical structures show Bragg and DFB effects. Microwave and far-infrared experiments on passive helical metal waveguides reveal Bragg resonances in transmission. These results initiated the first experimental realization of a helical DFB gas laser, i.e. an optically pumped 496μm CH3F laser with a helical metal waveguide of a pitch close to 250μm. This helical DFB laser shows higher-mode selectivity than the corresponding linear DFB laser. Finally, we show that the concept of helical DFB also applies to dye lasers with internal DFB incorporated by a mixture of the dye with a cholesteric liquid crystal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 17-21 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-four new optically pumped submillimetre laser lines have been observed when CH3OH is excited using a13C18O2 pump laser. Four of these lines have been assigned to transitions involving the CO stretching band. In addition to these lines, a further six new lines have been observed when pumping with12C18O2 and13C16O2 lasers. One of these lines has been assigned to a transition involving the CO stretching band. The observation of infrared-infrared double resonance signals in CH3OH has allowed the prediction of a further six laser lines which should be excited using a13C18O2 pump laser.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 221-228 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 41
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The conditions under which a cooperative emission from different friges occurs in the scattering between a relativistic electron beam and two interfering laser beams are discussed. In particular, the conditions to have an electron grating are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 77-82 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The coexistence of bistability and repetitive passive Q-switching of a CO2 laser with a gaseous saturable absorber has been investigated experimentally. With CH3F as the saturable absorber bistability has been observed simultaneously with passive Q-switching, whereas with CH3OH either one of these phenomena can only exist, as demonstrated for the first time. The measured features of both systems can be explained qualitatively by rate-equation theory.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 127-129 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Strong submillimetre laser action has been obtained on five lines of a new laser gas, formaldoxime. Several new emission lines have also been produced by isotopic CO2 laser pumping of14NH3 and15NH3. One of these lines at 102.9 μm is a rotation-inversion transition in the 2v 2 state, and is the first example of cw laser action in such a highly excited state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33 ; 82.50 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We measured the photoionization cross-sections of anthracene, 1,2-benzanthracene,p-terphenyl, and 2,5-diphenylfuran molecules excited to the singlet and triplet electronic states intermediate in the stepwise two-photon ionization process at 266 nm (all compounds) and at 355, 391 and 417 nm (anthracene).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 373-381 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigated noise and fluctuations of the output power of cataphoretic HeSe+ lasers in positive column plasma. Direct coupling of laser output power noise and fluctuations of the local population inversion was found. An investigation of the positive column plasma showed moving striations being responsible for the gain fluctuations. Whereas the local plasma properties are dominated by high frequency striations in the 100 kHz range, integrated quantities such as laser gain per pass are most strongly influenced by low-frequency waves with a continuous noise spectrum below 200 kHz. External modulation of the discharge voltage or current at a frequency near thehf striations reduces laser noise and increases laser output power.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Optical absorption,S 1 lifetime, and photostability are investigated for a series of heptamethine ir dyes and related to chemical structure. The high photostability of several dyes and the large range ofS 1 lifetimes make these dyes very interesting for ir dye lasers and for ir mode-locked laser systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 13-14 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Intense far-infrared laser action is reported for carbonyl fluoride and vinyl fluoride. Eleven new lines with wavelengths between 339 μm≦λ≦538 μm were obtained by optically pumping carbonyl fluoride with numerous lines of the 10.4 μm band of a cw CO2 laser. Twenty-three lines with wavelengths in the range 172 μm≦λ≦783 μm were detected when pumping the recently discovered efficient FIR laser molecule vinyl fluoride. In addition, three very weak new lines were found using 1.1-difluoroethylen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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