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  • Articles  (12,630)
  • 1980-1984  (12,252)
  • 1945-1949  (378)
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (12,630)
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  • Articles  (12,630)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Underwater photogrammetry is being used in the particularly hostile environment of the North Sea where it has been put into commercially viable operation. The authors discuss underwater photogrammetry related to other means of inspection of oil platforms. They also deal with operational experience of 35 mm and 70 mm cameras, camera calibration, the provision of control and photogrammetric observations and data analysis. The demand for underwater photogrammetry continues to grow.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The application of phorogrammetry to the measurement of deformation is discussed and four different approaches are identified and compared. References to and summaries of recent work are made.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The development and operation of an inexpensive retractable vertical camera rig is described. Unlike several commercially available camera packages, the cameras on this rig are accesible in flight thus permitting the changing of magazines and other operations. Since the camera carriage is only deployed when over the site to be photographed, the aircraft performance is not degraded during positioning flights.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper summarises the theoretical and practical development of’an analytical system for close range photogrammetry. The system uses the extended bundle method of phototriangulation and a sophisticated least squares algorithm. A description is given of computer software, and aspects of statistical testing and gross error detection are discussed in order to assess the accuracy potential. Applications of the system, for precise co-ordination of a target range and camera calibration are outlined.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: A photogrammetric system that is suitable for shallow water detailed mapping at scales from 1:50 to 1:500 for coastal and harbour engineering projects is described. The results from tests using automatic 35 mm Canon cameras on an elevated platform to determine the accuracy of planimetric and depth co-ordinates are presented. The economic benefits of stereophotography through shallow water rather than underwater photography are discussed.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper reviews the growth in the use of photogrammetric techniques in architecture, principally in the United Kingdom, over the past ten years. The work of the various establishments involved in architectural photogrammetry is described and the results of a questionnaire, distributed within the architectural profession, are analysed. Some comparisons are made with developments elsewhere in Europe.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn examine dans cet article l'extension qu'a connue l'utilisation des méthodes photogrammétriques en architecture au cows des dix dernières années, principalement dans le Royaume-Uni. On y décrit les travaux des divers organismes impliqués dans la photogrammétrie architecturale et l'on y analyse les résultats d'un questionnaire diffusé au sein de la profession liée à l'architecture. On fournit enfin quelques comparaisons avec les développements constatés par ailleurs en Europe.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungIm Artikel wird über die zunehmende Anwendung photogrammetrischer Verfahren während der letzten 10 Jahre in der Architektur, insbesondere im Vereinigten Königreich, berichtet. Die Arbeit verschiedener Institutionen, die sich mit Architekturphotogrammetrie befassen, wird beschrieben, und es werden die Ergebnisse eines unter Architekten verteilten Fragebogens analysiert. Weiterhin werden Vergleiche zu Entwicklungen in anderen europäischen Ländern gezogen.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The sixth biennial symposium of the Photogrammetric Society was held at the University of Birmingham from 26th to 28th March, 1982. The formal sessions considered four main topics, which were the work of the European Organisation for Experimental Photogrammetric Research (OEEPE), map revision, synthetic aperture radar and the use of minicomputers and digital techniques in photogrammetry. Sixteen papers were given at the symposium but the publication of some of them will occur in a subsequent issue of The Photogrammetric Record.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Résumé Le 6e symposium biennal de la Société britannique de photogrammétrie s'est déroulé du 26 au 28 mars 1982, à l'Université de Birmingham. Les réunions plénierès étaient organisées autour de quatre thèmes principaux, comprenant les travaux de l'Organisation Européenne d'Etudes Photogrémmitriques Expérimentales (OEEPE), la révision des cartes, le radar à ouverture synthétique et l'emploi des mini-ordinateurs et des techniques numériques en photogrammétrie. Seize communications y ont été priséntées, dont certaines ne seront publicées dans la revue The Photogrammetric Record que dans un numéro ultérieur.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Zusammenfassung Das 6. im Abstand von 2 Jahren veranstaltete Symposium der Britischen Photogrammetrischen Gesellschaft fand vom 26. bis 28.3.1982 an der Universität Birmingham statt. In den Vortragsveranstaltungen wurden 4 Hauptthemen behandelt, und zwar die Arbeit der Europäischen Organisation für Experimentelle Photogrammetrische Forschungen (OEEPE), die Laufendhaltung von Karten, Radaraufnahmen mit synthetischer Apertur und die Anwendung von Kleinrechnern und digitalen Verfahren in der Photogrammetrie. Es wurden dazu 16 Beiträge gehalten, wobei einige erst in einem späteren Heft des Photogrammetric Record publiziert werden.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The algorithm presented assumes a preliminary determination of the elements of inner orientation and bases its mathematical model on the collinearity condition, from which projective equations are derived. Linearisation of condition equations is based on Taylor's expansion, whilst the subsequent solution follows iteration cycles. The method aims to derive composite corrections to image coordinates, with the aid of test field data.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméL'auteur présente un algorithme oú l'on suppose déterminés au préalable les éléments d'orientation interne. La modélisation mathématique s'appuie sur les conditions de co-linéarité et sur les équations qui en résultent en projection. On linéarise les équations de conditions en utilisant un développement en série de Taylor, et l'on obtient la solution correspondante par itération. La méthode vise à apporter des corrections aux coordonnées images en utilisant les données d'un polygone d'essai.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungBei dem dargestellten Algorithmus wird die vorläufige Bestimmung der Elemente der inneren Orientierung angenommen, und das mathematische Modell basiert aufder Kollinearitätsgleichung, woraus perspektive Gleichungen abgeleitet werden. Die Linearisierung der Bedingungsgleichungen erfolgt durch Anwendung der Taylor-Reihe, was für die folgenden Berechnungen einen iterativen Prozess bedingt. Mit der Methode wird angestrebt, Bildkoordinaten mit Hilfe von Testfelddaten zu verbessern.
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper is concerned with a new technique (the terrestrial/photogrammetric (TP) technique) for the detection and compensation of systematic height errors in block aerial triangulation. The technique improves the height accuracy of such triangulation by reducing the original bridging distance, using new bands of corrected photogrammetric tie points as height control together with the original bands of the terrestrial (or ground) height control. A number of photogrammetric blocks with different characteristics and configurations have been tested in a comprehensive manner. The tests show that the TP technique gives consistent results over a wide range of circumstances and that it is a most effective, simple and inexpensive method for the compensation of systematic errors.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméCet article relate une technique nouvelle permettant de détecter et de compenser les erreurs altimétriques systématiques dans l'aérotriangulation par blocs: la technique terrestre/photogrammétrique (TP). Cette technique améliore la précision altimétrique de l'aérotriangulation en réduisant la distance de l'aérocheminement original, grâce à l'utilisation d'un canevas de points d'appuis altimétriques composés de points de liaison photogrammétriques corrigés, en supplément du canevas original de points d'appui altimétriques déterminés sur le terrain.On a essayé de manière approfondie un grand nombre de blocs dotés de caractéristiques et de configurations diverses. Les essais montrent que la technique TP fournit des résultats fiables dans un large éventail de circonstances et que c'est une méthode de compensation des erreurs systématiques efficace, simple et peu coûteuse.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungIm Artikel wird ein neues Verfahren behandelt (das terrestrisch-photogrammetrische Verfahren (TP)), das zur Aufdeckung und Kompensation system-atischer Höhenfehler in der Block triangulation dient. Es wird die Höhengenauigkeit durch Verkürzung der ursprünglichen Überbrückungsdistanz verbessert, indem neue Streifen korrigierter Verbindungspunkte als Höhenpasspunkte zusammen mit den ursprünglichen Reihen der terrestrischen Höhenpasspunkte verwendet werden. Eine Anzahl photogrammetrischer Blöcke unterschiedlicher Figur und Charakteristik wurde umfassend getestet. Die Tests zeigen, dass die TP-Methode konstante Ergebnisse für einen grossen Bereich van Möglichkeiten ergibt und dass es ein höchst effektives, einfaches und billiges Verfahren zur Eliminierung systematischer Fehler ist.
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The development of an automated photographic measuring system (APM) is described. A very accurate laser beam scanning microdensitometer is used to digitise the photographic plate and a series of on line computers analyses the data during scanning. The system is available as a national facility for United Kingdom astronomers and guest investigators.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn décrit un systéme automatisé de saisie de données sur cliché. Un microdensitométre à laser numérise la plaque photographique et les données sont analysées en temps réel par ordinateur. Le systeme est destiné aux astronomes du Royaume Uni et aux chercheurs y séjournant.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungBeschreibung eines automatisierten photographischen Messsystems (APM). Ein hochgenaues Laser-Mikrodensitometer wird dabei zur Digitalisierung der Bilder benutzt, undeine Serie von On-line-Rechnern analysiert die Daten während der Abtastung. Das System steht für Astronomen im Vereinigten Königreich und anderen Forschern zur Verfügung.
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: An automatic plotting instrument development is described where the coordinate corrections are introduced in the optical system and not at the photograph. It is suggested that the opto-mechanical devices used for correction and the proposed use of microprocessors for control of these devices offer the possibility of producing a low cost automatic plotter and stereocomparator.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn decrit une solution au probléme de la correction des coordonnées cliché pour le restituteur analytique et le stéréocomparateur: ces corrections sont introduites dans la partie optique du système et commandées par l'intermédiaire de microprocesseurs. Ceci devrait permettre d'abaisser le coût de ce type d'appareil.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungBeschreibung eines automatischen Auswertegerätes, bei dem die Koordinatenkorrekturen nicht den Bildträgern, sondern dem optischen System zugeführt werden. Es wird angenommen, dass die zur Korrektur verwendeten optisch-mechanischen Vorrichtungen und die vorgeschlagene Verwendung von Mikroprozessoren zu deren Steuerung die Möglichkeit zum Bau eines billigen automatischen Auswertegerätes und Stereokomparators bieten.
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The method of variation of co-ordinates has been successfully applied to analytical radial triangulation. The mathematical theory and experimental results are presented in this paper. The method can be adapted to avoid the locating of conjugate principal points.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn a appliqué la méthode des variations des coordonnées à la triangulation analytique radiale. On donne les équations et les résultats des tests.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungDie Variation von Koordinaten wird erfolgreich für die Methode der numerischen Radialtriangulation angewendet. Es werden die mathematischen Gleichungen und die Testergebnisse angegeben. Die Methode kann auch angewendet werden, um die Anordnung konjugierter Hauptpunkte zu vermeiden.
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  • 27
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Vertical aerial photography taken on an experimental thin base film has been tested photogrammetrically and accuracies of measurement of the order of 1/10 000th part of the flying height have been obtained. This paper outlines the handling characteristics of the film, describes the test and gives the results.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn a testé des clichés aériens pris sur films à support mince et obtenu des exactitudes de l'ordre du 1: 10000 de la hauteur de vol. Caractéristiques du film et résultats des tests.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungBei Luftbildern, die auf einer experimentell dünnen Filmbasis aufgenommen wurden, konnte durch photogrammetrische Tests eine Höhengenauigkeit von 0,1‰ der Flughöhe erreicht werden. Im Artikel werden die Verarbeitungsvorschriften des Films, der Test und die erreichten Ergebnisse beschrieben.
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  • 28
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 29
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    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: It has been recognised for many years that photographic methods of traffic data collection can overcome many of the problems associated with more traditional methods, particularly with regard to the substantial reduction in manpower requirements achieved, the comprehensive nature of the data which may be obtained and the permanent record provided of these data. Against these advantages, the major drawbacks are the expense involved in obtaining suitable photographic coverage and the time consuming operation of collecting the data from the photography.The problems of obtaining photographic coverage have been considered in an earlier paper (Garner and Mountain, 1978a) and recommendations made regarding the most suitable type of photography for analysis of traffic flow data at complex urban and suburban intersections. This paper concentrates, therefore, on the second problem, namely that of extracting the required data from the photographs. The technique described involves the use of a co-ordinate reader to obtain the two dimensional co-ordinates of vehicles on successive frames, a coordinate transformation system to convert photographic co-ordinates to ground coordinates and, finally, a computer based co-ordinate matching technique.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn sait depuis plusieurs années que l'application de la photogrammétrie aux études sur la circulation urbaine, peut être fort avantageuse: réduction de personnel, diversité des données obtenues, actualisation facile des fichiers. Un obstacle à leur diffusion cependant: le coût de la prise de vue et la lenteur de l'extraction des données.Le problème de la prise de vue a déjà donné lieu à un article (Garner et Mountain, 1978a). Celui-ci décrit des méthodes d'exploitation: on use d'un lecteur de coordonnées pour mesurer les coordonnées bi-dimensionnelles des véhicules sur les clichés et d'une transformation menant à un système cartographique.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungSeit vielen Jahren ist bekannt, dassfotografische Verfahren zur Erfassung von Verkehrsdaten rationeller sind als traditionelle Methoden, insbesondere was die Einsparung an Arbeitszeit, die Datendichte und die kontinuierliche Aufzeichnung betrifft. Dagegen sprechen die erhöhten Kostenfür die fotografische Aufnahme und die zeitaufwendige Datenentanahme aus Bildern.Die Probleme der fotografischen Aufnahme wurden bereits früher erörtert (Garner und Mountain, 1978a), und es wurden Empfehlungen für den günstigsten Aufnahmefall zur Analyse des Verkehrsflusses an komplexen Kreuzungen in Städten bzw. Vorortengegeben. Die vorliegende Arbeit konzentriert sich daher auf das 2. Problem, die Gewinnung der geforderten Daten aus Fotos. Die beschriebene Technologie umfasst die Verwendung einer Koordinatenablesevonichtung zur Ermittlung der zweidimensionalen Koordinaten von Fahrzeugen auf aufeinanderfolgenden Bildern, ein Transformationssystem zur Umwandlung von Bild- in Geländekoordinaten und ein rechnergestütztes Aufzeichnungsverfahren.
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  • 30
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 31
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    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • 32
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    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Book Reviewed in this article:AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY. By G. S. Kumar.MANUAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY (Fourth Edition). Editor-in-Chief: C. C. Slama.
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  • 33
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    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
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    Notes: Two complementary measuring instruments are described which use a very simple principle and which take three dimensional measurements or plots directly from small objects. The first instrument can achieve accuracies of ± 0·3 mm on objects whose largest dimension is 300 mm. The second can achieve ± 0·02 mm on objects smaller than a 25 mm cube.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn présente deux instruments de mesure complémentaires el de principe très simple permettant de relever dans l'espace des coordonnées sur de petits objets, le premier avec une exactitude de ± 0.3 mm sur des objets de dimension inférieure à 300 mm, le second avec une exactitude de ± 0.02 mm sur des objets de dimension inférieure à 25 mm.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungBeschreibung von zwei Zusatzmessgeräten, die auf einem sehr einfachen Prinzip beruhen und mit denen dreidimensionale Messungen oder Auswertungen von kleinen Objekten direkt durchgeführt werden konnen. Mil dem ersten Gerät kann eine Genauigkeit von ± 0,3 mm bei maximalen Objekt abmessungen von 300 mm und mit dem zweiten von ± 0,02 mm bein Objekten, die kleiner als ein 25 mm-Kubus sind, erreicht werden.
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper describes a system for the interior, relative and absolute orientations of steroplotter models, using a minicomputer interfaced to the plotter as an aid to the operator. Both aerial and terrestrial models were included in the evaluation of the system but the emphasis is on close range work where significant improvements in efficiency and precision can be obtained.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn décrit un système d'aide à la restitution (orientation relative et orientation absolue) utilisant un mini-ordinateur relié par une interface à l'appareil de restitution. II vaut tant pour les couples terrestres que les couples aériens; on a cependant accordé une attention spéciale au cas de la photogrammétrie à courte distance oú certaines dispositions permettent un gain significatif d'exactitude.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungIn dem Artikel wird ein System zur inneren, relativen und absoluten Orientierung von Stereomodellen unter Benutzung eines Minirechners beschrieben, der zur Unterstützung des Auswerters an das Stereokartiergerät angeschlossen ist. Obwohl bei der Analyse des Systems sowohl Luftbilder als auch terrestrische Bilder betrachtet werden, liegt das Schwergewicht auf der Nahphotogrammetrie, wo dadurch bedeutende Verbesserungen in bezug auf Leistungsfähigkeit und Genauigkeit erhalt en werden können.
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
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    Notes: With the completion of its programme to produce a national series of 1:2500 scale maps of rural areas, the Ordnance Survey is now faced with the major task of maintaining it up to date and making the revision information available to map users. The organisation and techniques for this are discussed, as are a number of innovations which are being considered.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméAvec l'achèvement du programme de réalisation de la série cartographique nationale à l'échelle du 1:2500 des régions rurales, l'Ordnance Survey doit maintenant faire face au maintien à jour de cette série et à la mise à disposition des usagers des données de révision, ce qui va constituer sa tâche principale. Une discussion sur l'organisation et les techniques correspondantes est fournie, prenant en compte l'examen de nombreuses innovations.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungNach Fertigstellung der Kane 1:2500 von ländlichen Gebieten besteht für den Ordnance Survey jetzt die Aufgabe, diese Karte laufend zu halten und die Ergänzungen den Kartennutzern bereitzusteller. Diskussion der Organisation und Verfahren dafür sowie einiger Neuerungen, die in Erwägung gezogen werden.
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    Notes: The practical photogrammetric test of thin base aerial film, described in the previous issue of this journal, was repeated with a new set of diapositives, made after the film had been stored in normal conditions for a period of one year. This paper gives the results obtained from both tests which indicate that no significant distortions occurred in the base film.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn a réitéré l'essai pratique de photogrammétrie sur du film aérien à support mince décrit dans le numéro précédent de ce bulletin, avec un nouveau jeu de diapositives obtenu aprés que le film ait été conservé dans des conditions normales pendant une période de un an. Cet article fournit les résultats tirés de ces deux essais qui montrent qu aucune déformation significative n‘est apparue dans le film à support mince.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungDie in der vorhergehenden Ausgabe des Record beschriebenen Tests einer dünnen Filmbasis wurden mil einem neuen Satz von Diapositiven wiederholt. Diese wurden hergestellt, nachdem der Film unter normalen Bedingungen ein Jahr aufbewahrt wurde. Es werden die Ergebnisse beider Untersuchungen mitgeteilt, wobei sich ergab, dass keine signifikanten Deformationen in der Dünnschicht auftraten.
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
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    Notes: The paper presents research and development at the Thematic Information Service of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) on the topic of integrated geographic information systems. The term integrated is used to describe the incorporation of vector digitised map data and raster scanned remotely sensed data within a single computational environment and with a single interface to the user. Point sampled and statistical data can also be handled by the system. The general structure and working of the Thematic Information Service (TIS) is described only to the extent that it is relevant to providing the background to the research or to highlighting why the specific approach described has been taken.
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    Notes: A procedure for digital image correlation is described which is based on least squares window matching. The immediate aim is high precision parallax assessment, point transfer, and point measurement. Experiments and theory have confirmed the high accuracy potential of the method. By implementation of charge coupled device (CCD) video cameras in an analytical plotter, an experimental hardware and software configuration has been established with which the operational on line application of digital image correlation for conventional photogrammetric measuring tasks can be tested. First results of calibration and performance of the system are presented. They allow optimistic conclusions as to the further development and practical application of digital image processing in photogrammetry.
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    Notes: The Renault Company has developed a system for the mathematical definition of complex surfaces known as the Unisurf method. In association with this method, close range photogrammetry is used to provide the digital data required for the analysis of a surface. Photogrammetric techniques are of value in various fields of application, including the styling of new models of cars, design modifications to existing models, car accident investigations and statistical studies on human bodies.
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    Notes: The Fribourg test consisted of a comparative study of the entire map revision process at a scale of 1: 25000, with the same topographic map extract being used by the seven participating centres. A description of the test site is given, followed by details of the photography, ground control and map bases which were supplied to the participants. The wide range of photogrammetric and cartographic production procedures adopted by the various organisations is summarised and the results are analysed for completeness, accuracy and quality. Time and cost factors are also evaluated. Full details of all aspects of the test will be published in the final report on the experiment, which was carried out under the auspices of Commission D of OEEPE.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméL'essai de Fribourg a comporté une étude comparative du processus complet de révision cartographique à l'échelle du 1: 25000, avec la participation de sept centres travaillant sur le même extrait d'une carte topographique. On décrit dans cet article le site de l'essai, et l'on donne divers détails sur les photographies, les points d'appui au sol et les documents cartographiques qui ont été fournis aux participants. On y résume toute la gamme des procédés de production photogrammétrique et cartographique en usage dans les divers établissements tandis que l'on analyse les résultats obtenus en ce qui concerne leur plénitude, leur précision et leur qualité. Les paramètres de temps et de cost ont étéégalement estimés. Cette expérience, qui a été menée sous les auspices de la Commission D de l'OEEPE, fera l'objet d'un rapport final dans lequel seront publiés de manière détaillée tous les aspects relatifs à cet essai.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungDer Fribourg-Test bestand aus einer vergleichenden Studie des gesamten Laufendhaltungsprozesses für den Massstab 1: 25 000, wobei dieselbe Kartenunterlage von 7 teilnehmenden Ländern verwendet wurde. Es erfolgt eine Beschreibung des Testgehietes, und es werden Angaben zu den Luftbildern, Passpunktanordnungen und Kartengrundlagen gemacht, die den Teilnehmern am Versuch übergeben wurden. Der grosse Bereich photogrammetrischer und kartographischer Produktionsverfahren, der von den verschiedenen Organisationen angewandt wurde, wird zusammengefasst und die Ergebnisse werden bzgl. Vollständigkeit, Genauigkeit und Qualität analysiert. Zeit- und Kostenfaktoren werden ehenfalls bewertet. Vollständige Details aller Gesichtspunkte des Tests werden im Abschlussbericht des Versuches veröffentlicht werden, der unter Aufsicht der Kommission D der OEEPE durchgefürt wurde.
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
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    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: There is a growing interest in the potential of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for mapping and for gathering intelligence for map revision. This paper first gives a simple guide to the characteristics of SAR and then describes a study carried out to investigate the geometric properties of the imagery and the information content which is of interest for topographic mapping and the production of large scale plans. The conclusions cautiously indicate a potential although better quality images are required and more information must be known about the optimum conditions which should obtain when the data are recorded.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn assiste à un intérét croissant envers le radar à ouverture synthétique (SAR) et ses possibilityés pour la cartographie et pour la collecte de renseignements utiles à la révision. Ce texte commence par donner un simple rappel des caractéristiques de ces radars pour décrire ensuite une étude effectuée sur le contenu informatif et les proprietyés géométriques de l'imagerie radar, qui intèresse la cartographie topographique et la confection de plans à grande échelle.Les conclusions font prudemment état d'une potentialité mais soulignent qu'il faudrait disposer d'images de meilleure qualityé et avoir davantage d'informations sur les conditions optimales à respecter lors de l'enregistrement des données.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungEs besteht zunehmendes Interesse an den Möglichkeiten von Radaraufnahmen mittels synthetischer Apertur (SAR) zur Kartenherstellung und Erfassung von Daten zur Laufendhaltung. Zunächst wird im Artikel eine einfache Einführung in die SAR-Charakteristika gegeben. Dann erfolgt eine Beschreibung eines Versuches zur Untersuchung der geometrischen Eigenschaften und des Informationsgehalts, der von Interesse für die Herstellung topographischer und grossmassstäbiger Karten ist. Vorsichtige Schlussfolgerungen ergeben Möglichkeiten zur Verwendung solcher Informationen, wobeijedoch eine bessere Bildqualität zu fordern ist. Auch müssen noch mehr Kenntnisse über die optimalen Bedingungen bezüglich der Datenregistrierung bestehen.
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    Notes: Some aspects of the XYZBLC suite of programs for aerial triangulation are described. The Ordnance Survey Bute block of photography at a scale of 1: 24000 is computed by independent models using XYZBLC. Three of the strips in the block are treated as a test block and are computed with different configurations of control. Conclusions are drawn with regard to the usefulness of height control doublets and other dense control configurations.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Résumé Quelques aspects de l'ensemble XYZBLC de logiciels d'aérotriangulation sont décrits. Le bloc Bute de l'Ordnance Survey, composé de photographies à l'échelle du 1: 24000, a été calculé par modèles indépendants avec les logiciels XYZBLC. On a considéré trois des bandes du bloc comme formant un bloc d'essai et on les a calculées avec diverses combinaisons de canevas de points d'appui. On en tire des conclusions quant à l'utilité des doublets de points d'appui altimétriques et de diverses autres configurations denses de canevas d'appui. 〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Zusammenfassung Beschreibung einiger Aspekte des XYZBLC-Programmsystems zur Aero-triangulation. Ein Block des Ordnance Survey im Bildmassstab 1: 24000 wurde damit nach der Methode der unabhängigen Modelle berechnet. Drei der Streifen des Blocks wurden als Testblock behandelt und mit verschiedenen Passpunktanordnungen berechnet. Es werden Schlussfolgerungen in bezug auf die Nützlichkeit von Zwillingspunkten zur Höhenorientierung und andere dichte Passpunktanordnungen gezogen.
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    Notes: The wide availability of reconnaissance frame photography, together with the advantage of high image resolution that such photography provides and the extreme flight conditions under which it can be taken, means that it is of great interest to photogrammetrists. However, the geometry of the image is invariably distorted due to the mode of operation of the camera. In this paper, the effects of the focal plane shutter and apparent image motion compensation on the geometry of the photographs are considered.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméLe fait que la photographic de reconnaissance soil très répandue, conjointe-ment aux avantages que présente la grande résolution des images fournies par ces systèmes et les conditions extrêmes de vol dans lesquelles on peut les prendre, milite pour une prise en compte de lew intérêt par les photogrammètres. Toutefois la géométrie de ces images est systématiquement déformée par suite du mode de fonctionnement de la chambre. On traite dans cet article des effets de l'obturateur focal et de la compensation du filé de l'image sur la géométrie des photographies.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungDie grosse Verbreitung von Erkundungsfotos zusammen mit der grossen Auflösung solcher Fotos und den extremen Bedingungen unter denen sie auf-genommen wurden, lassen diese auch für den Photogrammeter interessant erscheinen. Die Geometrie dieser Bilder ist jedoch infolge der speziellen Kamera-funktion verzerrt. Im Artikel werden die Einflüsse des Schlitzverschlusses und des Bildwanderungsausgleichs auf die Bildgeometrie untersucht.
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    Notes: The XIVth International Congress of the International Society for Photogrammetry was held at the Congress Centrum Hamburg from 13th to 25th July, 1980. Reports on the work of the seven technical commissions of ISP and on the associated commercial exhibition were given to a meeting of the Photogrammetric Society on 28th October, 1980.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Résumé Le 14ème congrès de la SIP a eu lieu au centre des congrès de Hambourg du 13 au 25 juillet 1980. Une journée de compte rendu devant la Photogrammetric Society s'est tenue le 28 octobre 1980.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Zusammenfassung Vom 13. bis 25. Juli 1980 fand der XIV. Internationale Kongress der ISP im Congress Centrum Hamburg statt. Berichte über die Arbeit der 7 technischen Kommissionen der ISP und der mit dem Kongress verbundenen kommerziellen A ustellung wurden anlässlich einer Zusammenkunft der Photogrammetric Society am 28.10.1980 gegeben.
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    Notes: A brief review of work on airborne metric camera movement has been made. The tolerances for permissible image movement set by various investigators are discussed.The biggest single fault with most metric camera mountings in current use is that the centre of gravity of the camera is well above the line of action of the resilient elastic restoring forces. This results in coupling between the linear vibration of the airframe and the angular motion of the camera. There is a need for a simple device which can be attached to a survey camera in order to record angular motion during actual survey missions.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméAprès une brève revue des travaux concernant les mouvements d'une chambre de prise de vue en vol, on discute les tolérances couramment admises pour ces mouvements.Le défaut de montage le plus fréquemment rencontré, est que le centre de gravité de la chambre est au-dessus de la ligne d'équilibre des forces agissantes.D'où un couplage entre la vibration longitudinale du porte-chambre et le mouvement angulaire de la chambre. Il faudrait créer un dispositif simple permettant d'enregistrer ce mouvement pendant les vols.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungEs wird ein kurzer Überblick über die Arbeiten zur Bewegung von Luftbildmesskammern gegeben. Die von verschiedenen Autoren für die zulässige Bildwanderung angegebenen Toleranzen werden diskutiert. Der schwerwiegendste Fehler, der am meisten bei den gegenwärtig verwendeten Messkammern auftritt, ist der, dass der Kammerschwerpunkt über der Wirkungslinie der schwingungsdämpfenden Kräfte liegt. Daraus resultiert eine Paarung der linearen Vibration mit der Winkelbewegung der Kammer. Es besteht Bedarf für eine einfache Vorrichtung, die an einer Messkammer befestigt werden kann, um die Winkelbewegungen während des Bildflugs aufzuzeichnen.
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    Notes: This paper outlines the technical procedures used in commercial orthophotomap production and attempts to identify some of the main differences in technical approach between orthophotomapping and conventional line mapping.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn décrit les techniques industrielles de production d'orthophotocartes et on compare leur emploi avec celui des techniques classiques.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungSkizzierung der Technologien, die bei der kommerziellen Herstellung von Orthofotokarten angewendet werden, wobei versucht wird, die hauptsächlichen Unterschiede der Techniken zur Herstellung von Orthofotokarten und konventionellen Strichkarten aufzudecken.
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    Notes: This paper investigates the effect of the deviation of measured points from the standard locations when carrying out a relative orientation of a stereomodel. The analytical solution of more than 100 cases was considered and, for each case, the weights for the elements of relative orientation and the correlation coefficients were evaluated. The stability of the solution was studied by calculating the characteristic roots of the matrix of normal equations.It is shown that, theoretically, the solution of the relative orientation problem can always be achieved whenever the locations of the measured points satisfy stated geometrical requirements. However, the reliability of the solution depends on their exact positions in the stereomodel. When the accuracy is too low, in practice there is no solution.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn étudié l'effet sur l'orientation relative d'un couple de variations de position des points de base. Plus de 100 cas ont été considérés et à chaque fois ont été estimées les précisions des paramètres calculés ainsi que leur correlation. On a de plus, étudié la stabilité de la solution par l'intermédiaire des valeurs propres de la matrice normale.Il n'est pas indispensable, en principe, d'imposer de contraintes précises au choix des points de base; mais de ce choix dépend la fiabilité de la solution, faible s‘il est par trop fantaisiste.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungIn der Arbeit wird der Einfluss der Abweichung der gemessenen Punkte von ihrer Standardlage bei relativer Orientierung eines Stereomodells untersucht. Dazu werden mehr als 100 analytische Lösungen analysiert und für jeden Fall die Gewichte der Elemente der relativen Orientierung und die Korrelationskoeffizienten berechnet. Die Stabilität der Lösung wurde durch Berechnung der charakteristischen Wurzeln der Matrix der Normalgleichungen abgeschätzt.Es wird gezeigt, dass theoretisch immer die Lösung des Problems der relativen Orientierung erreicht werden kann, sobald die Lage der Messpunkte die geometrischen Anforderungen erfüllt. Die Zuverlässigkeit der Lösung hängt jedoch von der exakten Lage der Punkte ab. Wenn ihre Genauigkeit zu gering ist, gibt es praktisch keine Lösung.
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    Notes: This paper discusses the application of various short range stereophotogrammetric methods which can be used for the morphological study of skeletal remains, with particular reference to the shoebill bill. The writer recommends the use of X-ray stereophotogrammetry as being the most appropriate method and which also has the advantage of being within the scope of the ornithologist.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn discute les possibilityés d'application de diverses techniques stéréo-photogrammétriques à courte distance à l'étude morphologique des vestiges de squelettes. L'auteur recommande vivement le recours à la stéréophotogrammétrie par rayons X, qui a en particulier l'avantage de faire partie des moyens à la disposition de l'ornithologiste.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungBeschreibung der Anwendung verschiedener Verfahren der Nahphotogrammetrie, die für morphologische Studien von Skelett-Überresten angewendet werden können. Der autor empfiehlt als günstigstes Verfahren die Anwendung der Röntgenstereophotogrammetrie, die den Vorteil hat, dass sie den Ornithologen vertraut ist.
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    Notes: The Forestry Commission needs information on the woodland cover of the country, both as general assessment of all ownerships for woodland census purposes and as detailed crop data on its own forest estate for management purposes. These survey requirements are outlined and the methods used for data collection are described, particular attention being given to the role of aerial survey. The development of a digital mapping system is also covered. Finally, the potential role of other remote sensing techniques and the trials currently in progress are discussed.
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    Notes: The functions of CIPA. the International Committee for Architectural Photogrammetry, are reviewed. The Committee, established in 1970, has been the focus for developments in architectural photogrammetry. The objectives of CIPA and the methods of collecting and distributing information are discussed. Publications, meetings and technical studies sponsored by CIPA have been numerous and details of these are given. The future direction of CIPAs work is also considered. A bibliography of all major publications from CIPA is provided.
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    Notes: The author describes his involvement in the taking of aerial photography for archaeological purposes. From a selection of photographs shown to the Photogrammetric Society, he has chosen two for this summary of his talk. The first shows the complex archaeological evidence from different periods in history which a single site may present and the second demonstrates the changes in modern history that can be illustrated by a single aerial photograph.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméL'auteur spécialiste de la prise de vue aérienne á but archéologique expose en commentant deux clichés l'intérêt de cette technique. Sur le premier on voit ressortie avec évidence toute la complexité de niveaux archéologiques qui peut exister en un lieu donné; sur le second, on voit comment d'une simple photographie aérienne, on peut tirer toutes sortes de conclusions à propos des changements survenus dans l'histoire récente.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Zusammenfassung Der Autor beschreibt sein Engagement bei der Luftbildaufnahme für archäologische Zwecke. Aus einer Auswahl von Fotos, die bei der Veranstaltung der Photogrammetric Society gezeigt wurden, hat er zwei für diese Vortragszusammenfassung ausgewählt. Das erste Bild zeigt die komplexe archäologische Erscheinung aus verschiedenen Perioden der Geschichte so wie se an einem einzelnen Ort sichtbar ist. In dem zweiten Bild werden die Veränderungen in der modernen Geschichte gezeigt, was mit einem einzelnen Luftbild demonstriert werden kann.
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    Notes: The modification of a travelling microscope to measure X and Y co-ordinates on 35 mm negatives is described. The results of the calibration and of some test measurements are also summarised.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn décrit la modification à un microscope apportée pour lui permettre de mesurer des coordonnées en X et Y sur un film 35 mm. Resultats d'étalonnage et tests.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungBeschreibung der Veränderungen an einem Reisemikroskop, um die x- und y-Koordinaten auf 35 mm Negativen messen zu können. Zusammenfassung der Kalibrierungsergebnisse und Angabe einiger Testresultate.
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    Notes: A centenary tribute is paid to a soldier and sportsman, surveyor and inventor, artist and humorist. Vivian Thompson served in two wars, the second of which resulted in his untimely death. His Stereo-plotter, first described to the Royal Geographical Society in 1908, remains as a memorial and as a reminder of a great opportunity which was lost.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Résumé Hommage est rendu à un soldat, à un sportsman, géomètre, inventeur et à un artiste plein d'humour. Vivian Thompson participa à deux guerres, dont la dernière n'est pas sans relation avec sa mort. Son restituteur, décrit à la Royal Geographical Society en 1908, reste comme un témoin d'une grande occasion perdue.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Zusammenfassung Es erfolgt eine einhundertjährige Würdigung für einen Soldaten und Sportler, Geodäten und Erfinder, Künstler und Humoristen. Vivian Thompson diente in 2 Kriegen, wobei er bedauerlicherweise im letzten einen vor-zeitigen Tod fand. Sein im Jahre 1908 zum ersten Male in der Royal Geographical Society beschriebenes Stereokartiergerät bleibt als ein Denkmal erhalten und erinnert an eine grosse Möglichkeit, die verschenkt wurde.
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    Notes: The Cartographic Engineering CPI plotting instrument has been modified to record densities along epipolar lines on a pair of photographs. The densities are used in an off line computer to determine heights after correlation. The modifications to the instrument are described together with some results which indicate the accuracy of the system.The system provides an inexpensive method of automatic height determination and contouring.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméLe restituteur CPI a été modifyé de façon à pouvoir enregistrer les densités le long d'épipolaires sur un couple de clichés. Les enregistrements sont traités en différé pour déterminer après corrélation les altitudes. On décrit les modifications de l'instrument, ainsi que l'exactitude vraisemblable du procédé.It s'agit en définitive d'une méthode bon marché de détermination automatique des altitudes et de tracé des courbes de niveau.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungDas Stereoauswertegerät CP1 von Cartographic Engineering wurde zur Registrierung von Dichtewerten entlang von Kernstrahlen in Bildpaaren umgerüstet. Die Dichtewerte werden in einem Off-line-Rechner zur Höhenbestimmung nach der Korrelationsmethode benutzt. Die am Gerät erforderlichen Veränderungen werden zusammen mit einigen Ergebnissen beschrieben, aus denen die Genauigkeit des Systems hervorgeht.Das Gerätesystem liefert eine billige Methode zur automatischen Bestimmung von Höhen und Höhenlinien.
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    Notes: An analysis of the digitising units attached to stereoplotting instruments reveals four main approaches to their design and construction. The first three are based on hardware, firmware and software respectively and are applied to individual units; the fourth comprises multistation, time sharing systems based on the use of a minicomputer. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are outlined. The software based approach is then described in detail, based on experiences with a system which has been implemented on an Officine Galileo Stereosimplex lie plotter and which uses a Wang 2200 desk top computer and inexpensive, widely available digital components. A large suite of highly interactive programs has been developed and three of these (the basic digitising program and those for relative and absolute orientation) are described in some detail as examples. An account of practical experiences with the system is given and the difficulties which arise in transferring programs between desk top computers are discussed. The software based digitising system is shown to be an extremely powerful, versatile and effective addition to a stereoplotting instrument.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméUne analyse des dispositifs de traitement numériques attachés aux restituteurs permet de les classer en 4 groupes. Les 3 premiers sont basés respectivement sur l'usage de mécanismes analogiques, d'unités compactes et de logiciels spécialisés associés à un seul appareil; le 4ème pent ètre associé a plusieurs appareils et fonctionner en temps partagé. On discute avantages et inconvénients de ces solutions. On décrit la solution logiciels spécialisés d'aprés des essais faits avec un ordinateur Wang 2200 coupléà des périphériques peu coûteux, associé avec un restituteur Galileo IIc. On a mis au point un ensemble de programmes hautement interactifs dont certains sont ici décrits en détail; on fait part des difficultés rencontrées dans leur usage. Il s'agit finalement d'une solution à la fois très puissante et très souple.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungEine Analyse von Digitalisiereinheiten, die an Stereokartiergeräte angeschlossen werden können, ergibt bezüglich des Grundaufbaus und der Funktionsweise 4 Haupttypen. Die ersten drei beruhen auf Hard- und Software und werden an Einzelgeräte angeschlossen. Der 4. Typ umfasst mehrere Messplätze, die im Time sharing-Betrieb von einem Minirechner gesteuert werden. Jedes System wird bezüglich seiner Vor- und Nachteile skizziert. Im Detail erfolgt dann eine Beschreibung eines auf Software basierenden Systems, das auf Erfahrungen beruht, die mil einem Wang 2200 Tischrechner und billigen, überall verfügbaren digitalen Komponenten gesammelt wurden. Dieses System wurde mit einem Stereokartiergerät Stereosimplex IIc von Officine Galileo gekoppelt. Es wurde eine grosse Anzahl von meist interaktiven Programmen geschrieben, von denen drei (das Hauptprogramm zur Digitalisierung und die Programme zur relativen und absoluten Orientierung) unter Angabe von Beispielen etwas im Detail beschrieben werden. Zusammenfassung der bisher vorliegenden praktischen Erfahrungen und Angabe der Schwierigkeiten, die bei der Übertragung von Programmen zwischen Tischrechnern entstehen. Es wird gezeigt, dass das auf Software beruhende Digitalisierungssystem sehr leistungsfähig und variabel ist und eine effektive Ergänzung für ein Stereokartiergerät darstellt.
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    Notes: A radio controlled model helicopter is presented which is able to carry a 60 × 60 mm format aerial camera. The characteristics of available and suitable cameras are discussed. A simple navigation procedure is illustrated. Examples of the first aerial photographs prove that the technique is fundamentally sound.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn présente un modèle d'hélicoptère télécommandé qui peut transporter une chambre de prise de vue aérienne de format 60 × 60 mm. On discute les caratéristiques des chambres actuellement disponibles. Les premières photographies aériennes qui ont été prises prouvent la valeur de I'idée.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungBeschreibung eines durch Funk ferngesteuerten Hubschraubers, der eine Luftbildkamera mit einem Bildformat von 60 × 60 mm tragen kann. Diskussion der Charakteristika hierfür verfügbarer und geeigneter Kameras. Skizzierung eines einfachen Navigationsverfahrens. Beispiele von ersten damit aufgenommenen Luftbildern beweisen, dass die Methode grundsätzlich funktioniert.
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    Notes: The author reviews the historical background of the analytical orthoprojector and examines the design requirements for this instrument. The construction and performance of the Zeiss (Oberkochen)Z2 orthoprojector are described and an assessment is made of its practical advantages.
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    Notes: The new APY (Analytical Photogrammetry Yzerman) system is described and a detailed explanation is given of the principles involved. The APY depends on a unique modular design. A list of the straightforward operations required for its application in data compilation and revision is included.
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    Notes: Book reviewed in this article:INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL REMOTE SENSING. By E. C. Barrett and L. F. Curtis.THE NATIONAL PHYSICAL LABORATORY: A HISTORY. By E. Pyatt.LAND-COVER STUDIES AND CROP ACREAGE ESTIMATES FROM AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND SATELLITE IMAGERY. A CASE STUDY IN THE REGION OF TA’IZZ-TURBAH, YEMEN ARAB REPUBLIC. By R. Schoch.AIR PHOTO INTERPRETATION FOR ARCHAEOLOGISTS. By D. R. Wilson.MAP PROJECTIONS USED BY THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. By J. P. Snyder.ON THE ACCURACY OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF BUILDINGS: REPORT ON THE RESULTS OF THE TEST “DORDRECHT” CARRIED OUT BY COMMISSION C OF OEEPE. By J. Timmerman, P. A. Roos, K. Schürer and R. Förstner.AERIAL ARCHAEOLOGY, Volume 7, 1981. Editor D. A. Edwards.
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    Notes: A brief account of the background which influenced B.K.S. Surveys Limited to introduce an integrated digital mapping package is presented, followed by an outline of the features of the Wildmap system. The specific photogrammetric hardware configuration and production procedure adopted by B.K.S. are also described.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Résumé Cet article donne un rapide compte-rendu des conditions environnantes qui ont conduit la Société B.K.S. Surveys Limited à se doter d'un ensemble intégré de cartographie numérique. II fournit également un aperçu des caractéristiques du système Wildmap et une description de la configuration particulière du matériel photogrammétrique et de la méthodologie adoptée en production par B.K.S.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Zusammenfassung Kurze Darstellung von Hintergrundinformationen, die B.K.S. Surveys Ltd. bei der Einführung eines integrierten Programmpakets zur digitalen Kartenherstellung beeinflussten und Skizzierung der Grundzüge des Wildmap-Systems. Ausserdem werden die spezielle photogrammetrische Hardware und die bei B.K.S. angewandte Technologie beschrieben.
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    Notes: The PAT-M program package was purchased in late 1979 for use in British government surveying departments. Some initial experiences in using this method are described and discussed.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméLes établissements publics britanniques de levé ont acquis à la fin 1979 un ensemble de programmes PAT-M. Les premières expérimentations de ce système font l'objet d'une description suivie d'une discussion.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungEnde 1979 wurde das PAT-M Programmpaket zur Nutzung bei Britischen Vermessungsbehörden angekauft. Einige erste Erfahrungen bei Nutzung des Verfahrens werden beschrieben und diskutiert.
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper attempts to demonstrate the economy, quality and accuracy that can be obtained by the use of analytical methods and instruments in photogrammetry.As a practical example, amateur photographs, taken from a balloon (BCV D4 Delacoste) with a Hasselblad 500 EL/M camera, were used for restitution by means of the ORIENT bundle adjustment program and the Wild Aviolyt AC1/Aviotab TA2 analytical plotting system. Results are quoted for the time required and the accuracy obtained.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméCet article essaie de mettre en évidence les wantages que l'on peut tirer de l'emploi d'appareils et de méthodes analytiques en photogrammétrie, en ce qui concerne l'économie, la qualityé et la précision. On cite à titre d'exemple, l'emploi de photographies d'amateurs, prises en ballon (un Delacoste BCV D4) avec un appareil Hasselblad 500 EL/M, restituées au moyen du programme de compension par faisceaux ORIENT et du système de restitution analytique Wild Aviolyt AC/1 Aviotab TA2. On fait état du temps nécessaire et de la précision obtenue dans les résultats.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungEs wird der Versuch gemacht, Ökonomie, Qualität und Genauigkeit, die mit analytischen Verfahren und Geräten in der Photogrammetrie erzielt werden können, aufzuzeigen. Alspraktisches Beispiel dienen Amateurfotos, die von einem Ballon aus (BCV D4 Delacoste) mit einer Hasselblad-Kamera 500 EL/M aufgenommen und mit dem Bündelprogramm ORIENT und dem Analytischen Auswertegerät von Wild Aviolyt AC1/Aviotab TA2 ausgewertet wurden. Es werden Ergebnisse für den Zeitaufwand und die erreichte Genauigkeit angegeben.
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
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    The @photogrammetric record 11 (1983), S. 0 
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    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Since the occasion of the Thompson Symposium in 1979, two new members have joined OEEPE. These are France and the United Kingdom. The possibility of membership had been considered by the UK over the last decade on more than one occasion but, for one good reason or another, no application had been made. In 1980, however, W. P. Smith (Director General, Ordnance Survey) circulated organisations and individuals who might be interested and received an almost unanimous expression of support for an application for membership. This was also in line with the Ordnance Survey's intent to increase its links with other organisations, both nationally and internationally. The Foreign Office agreed that the UK should apply for membership and this was done. The UK became a full member of OEEPE in time for the Oslo meeting of the Steering Committee in 1981.There follows a background paper on the work of OEEPE and accounts of current OEEPE Commission activities.
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    The @photogrammetric record 10 (1982), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) and return beam vidicon (RBV) image data in both analogue and digital formats were used to assess the performance of the MSS and RBV sensor systems, and to determine their potential for recording information associated with topographic or land use maps of selected Chinese study areas (Beijing, Tianjin and the Huang He elbow). MSS images permitted the detection of 40 per cent to 50 per cent of the features identified on maps of 1: 250000 scale and larger, whereas the higher resolution Landsat 3 RBV images provided 10 per cent to 20 per cent additional information. Completeness of information extracted from a colour cathode ray tube display exceeded that obtained from analogue single band black and white MSS images by only 5 per cent to 10 per cent. Only through major improvements in spatial resolution will it be possible to compile maps at scales of 1: 250000 and larger from satellite data. Significantly, it appears that instantaneous field of view values of 5 m to 10 m will be required to produce image data of sufficient resolution for topographic mapping or detailed thematic studies of the Asian environment.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Résumé On a utilisé les données de l'imagerie spatiale provenant du scanneur multispectral (MSS) et du tube vidicon à retour de faisceau (RBV) de Landsat, à la fois sous forme analogique et numérique, pour évaluer la performance des systèmes de capteurs MSS et RBV, et pour déterminer leur aptitude à contenir l'information figurant dans les cartes topographiques et les cartes d'occupation du sol, sur des polygones d'essais sélectionnés en Chine (Pekin, Tianjin, et le coude du Huan He). Les images MSS ont permis de détecter 40 à 50 pour cent des détails figurant sur les cartes à une échelle supérieure ou égale à 1: 250000, tandis que les images RBV à meilleure résolution de Landsat C fournissaient 10 à 20 pour cent d'informations supplémentaires. Le volume des informations extraites sur un écran cathodique de visualisation en couleurs n'a dépassé le volume obtenu à partir d'images d'une seule bande MSS en noir et blanc que de 5 à 10 pour cent seulement. Il semble que ce ne soit que par des améliorations importantes dans la résolution spatiale que l'on pourra tirer des données de satellites des cartes à des échelles supérieures ou égales à 1: 250000. Il apparait de manière significative qu'un champ instantané de prise de vues de 5 à 10 m (pixel) sera nécessaire pour obtenir des images ayant une résolution suffisante pour la cartographie topographique ou pour des études thématiques détaillées sur l'environnement asiatique.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Zusammenfassung Verwendung von Landsat-aufzeichnungen, die mit Hilfe des multispektralen Scanners (MSS) und des Return Beam Vidicon (RBV) aufgenommen wurden und sowohl in analoger als auch digitaler Form vorlagen. um die Leistungsfähigkeit dieser Aufnahmesysteme zu ermitteln und die Möglichkeiten zur Gewinnung von Informationen zur Herstellung von topographischen oder Landnutzungskarten in ausgewählten chinesischen Versuchsgebieten (Beijing, Tianjin undder Huang He Bogen). MSS-Bilder gestatteten die Erkennung von 40 bis 50% der auf Karten im Massstab 1: 250 000 oder grösser identifizierten Objekte, während die RBV-Bilder von Landsat 3, die eine grössere Auflösung hatten, 10 bis 20% zusätzliche Informationen lieferten.Die Vollständigkeit der Information, die von einem Farbdisplay erhalten wurde, überstieg die von analogen einkanaligen schwarzweissen MSS-Bildern erhaltenen nur um 5 bis 10%. Nur durch wesentliche Verbesserungen der Objektauflösung wird es möglich sein, Karten 1: 250000 und grösser nach Satellitendaten herzustellen. Es wird offensichtlich eine Objecktauflösung von 5 bis 10m gefordert, um Bilddaten genügender Auflösung für die Herstellung topographischer Karten oder thematischer Studien des asiatischen Raums zu erzeugen.
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