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  • Physics  (7,746)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (7,359)
  • AERODYNAMICS  (5,482)
  • 1980-1984  (7,963)
  • 1975-1979  (8,329)
  • 1970-1974  (4,270)
  • 1945-1949  (25)
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  • 1
    Unknown
    Amsterdam ; New York : North-Holland Pub. Co
    Keywords: DDC 530.1 ; LC QC20 ; Mathematical physics ; Physics ; Quantum theory ; Relativity (Physics)
    ISBN: 9780444875853
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-03-13
    Description: Great advances have been made in fundamental scientific research in recent years. The new knowledge gathered, in addition to deepening our understanding of the physical universe, contributes a range of abilities and opportunities to society that would not otherwise be available. Much research that may be called applied because it addresses needs of society is quite fundamental in character, and support of such research at the National Science Foundation is to be handled in tandem by the research directorates. Other areas that require a refocusing of support are engineering science and education, at all levels, in science and engineering. Increasing our strength in these areas is essential to achieve our national economic, social, and political goals. Steps are being taken by the National Science Foundation to make its structure better able to deal with engineering and applied research and to provide greater mutual reinforcement between applied and basic research.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slaughter, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 13;211(4487):1131-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Biology ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Forecasting ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; *Government Agencies ; Molecular Biology ; Neurochemistry ; Physical Phenomena ; Physics ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-10-14
    Description: The test capabilities of the Stability Wind Tunnel of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University are described, and calibrations for curved and rolling flow techniques are given. Oscillatory snaking tests to determine pure yawing derivatives are considered. Representative aerodynamic data obtained for a current fighter configuration using the curved and rolling flow techniques are presented. The application of dynamic derivatives obtained in such tests to the analysis of airplane motions in general, and to high angle of attack flight conditions in particular, is discussed.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AGARD Dyn. Stability Parameters; 13 p
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  • 4
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: Prandtl's theory is used to determine the airflow over bodies and wings adapted to supersonic flight. By making use of these results, and by incorporating in them an allowance for the probable skin friction, some estimates of expected lift-drag ratios are made for various flight speeds with the best configuration. At each speed a slender body and wings having the best angle of sweepback are considered. For the range of supersonic speeds shown an airplane of normal density and loading would be required to operate at an altitude of the order of 60,000 feet. The limiting value of 1-1/2 times the speed of sound corresponds to a flight speed of 1000 miles per hour. At this speed about 1.5 miles per gallon of fuel are expected. It is interesting to note that this value corresponds to a value of more than 15 miles per gallon when the weight is reduced to correspond to that of an ordinary automobile.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 499-514
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: In theory, the most efficient wing shape for transonic and low supersonic speeds is simply a long narrow straight subsonic wing turned at an oblique angle to the flight direction. This theory has been verified by tests at Mach numbers from .6 to 1.4 in supersonic wind tunnel and by comparative studies of transonic transport designs.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 867-883
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  • 6
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: Recent theoretical and experimental work in supersonic aerodynamics is reviewed with its practical application in mind. Several arrangements of supporting surfaces and bodies are discussed and in some cases comparisons of theory and experiment are made. Finally, certain phenomena connected with lift and drag in a rarefied medium are considered briefly.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 625-644
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: A method is reported for determining mathematically the combined disturbance field, and in certain cases the minimum drag, of wings at supersonic speeds. The simplest analytic example is provided by the wing of elliptic planform, which achieves its minimum drag when the lift is distributed uniformly over the surface. With a symmetrical distribution of thickness, the requirement of minimum drag for a given total volume is found to lead to profiles of constant curvature.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 567-578
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  • 8
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: The assumptions of the thin airfoil theory are found to provide certain necessary conditions for the minimum drag of airfoils having a given total lift, a given maximum thickness, or a given volume. The conditions are applicable to steady or unsteady motions and to subsonic or supersonic speeds without restriction on the planform. The computation of drag and the statement of the conditions for minimum drag depend on the consideration of a combined flow field, which is obtained by superimposing the disturbance velocities in forward and reversed motions. If the planform of the airfoil and its total lift are given, it is found that, for minimum drag, the lift must be distributed in such a way that the downwash in the combined field is constant over the entire planform. If the planform is given and the thickness of the airfoil is required to contain a specified volume, then the thickness must be distributed over the planform in such a way that the pressure gradient of the combined field in the direction of flight is constant at all points of the wing.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 557-565
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: The application of mathematical advances made in electricity and other branches to problems of airplane dynamics is demonstrated. The Heaviside-Bromwich methods of solution of linear differential equations are described and it is shown how these methods avoid the consideration of boundary conditions and of particular or complementary integrals. It is pointed out that if the solution of the differential equation is obtained for the case of a unit disturbance, the effect of varying disturbances may be found therefrom by Carson's theorem. A graphical solution of Carson's integral for irregular disturbances is given. The procedure of obtaining unit solutions of the equations is then taken up and the analogy between Heaviside's symbolic series solution and a physical procedure of approximation is shown. It is suggested that a fictitious impulsive disturbance be used in the treatment of initial motions.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 21-29
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The discovery of concentrations of meteorites in Antarctica by Japanese field parties in 1969, and subsequently by joint U.S.-Japanese and U.S. field parties since 1976 has provided a significant new resource for understanding the origin and evolution of the solar system. The number of meteorites as well as the variety of meteorites has increased dramatically, and substantial amounts of data derived from their study has begun to appear in the scientific literature. The U.S. program of investigation has drawn on curatorial experience derived from the lunar program to: (1) develop specific collection and preliminary examination protocols; (2) provide documented samples for scientific investigations in response to specific requests; and (3) coordinate research by scientific consortia. The productivity of scientific research is significantly enhanced by these management approaches. Some of the results of the curatorial program for Antarctic meteorites carried out over the past three years are described.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: National Institute of Polar Research, Memoirs (ISSN 0386-0744); 20, D
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Two unique meteorites were identified by means of a mineralogical examination of the smaller-sized Yamato achondrites. Yamato-74130 is the most iron-rich ureilite with Na, Cr-rich augite instead of pigeonite. Yamato-74160 was extensively recrystallized, but the composition and proportion of olivine, orthopyroxene, augite, and plagioclase is consistent with LL7 chondrites. ALHA77005 is a unique achondrite with olivine, possibly three pyroxene assemblages, and maskelynite. These meteorites provide evidence that there may be other 'thermalized' asteroids than the howardite parent body. Detailed petrologic descriptions of the unique achondrites, recrystallized diogenite Yamato-74013, and the rapidly cooled eucrite Yamato-74450 with pyroxene phenocrysts are given. It is inferred from the bulk chemistry and the mineralogical reexamination of Yamato-75028 that it is composed of the H5-type clasts and chondrule-rich H(L)3-like matrix with the H5 fragments. A close relationship in the collisional evolution of some asteroids with these materials is inferred.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: National Institute of Polar Research, Memoirs (ISSN 0386-0744); 15, 1; 54-76
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  • 12
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: In linearized flow theory, certain very interesting extremal properties of wings can be derived under rather broad conditions without the use of a complicated mathematical apparatus. The present chapter reviews certain results of this theory and indicates some rather obvious extensions to incorporate various auxiliary conditions. Several examples illustrating the relation between the geometrical features of the wing and the lift distribution for minimum drag are given.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 645-656
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: The items discussed are: (1) a recently proposed correction formula for the effect of compressibility in two dimensional subsonic flow; (2) the equivalence rule and the area rule for transonic speeds; (3) reciprocal relations in linearized wing theory; and (4) some general results connected with the problem of minimum wave resistance. The paper concludes with an example showing indentation of the fuselage to obtain favorable interference with the wing at supersonic speeds.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 601-608
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: In the wing section theory the magnitude of the circulation, and hence of the lift, is determined by the velocity that would be induced near the trailing edge of the section in a non-lifting potential flow. In three dimensional flow the problem is complicated by the presence of the wake and no simple basic solution has been found. Treatment of the problem of a wing of finite span is reported on the basis of the two dimensional theory, corrected for the effect of the wake.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 245-249
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: In theory, antisymmetric arrangements of wings and bodies can have smaller wave drag than corresponding mirror-symmetric arrangements. Thus, a long narrow oblique wing which presents the same aspect for two opposite directions of flight is potentially more efficient than corresponding (i.e., structurally equivalent) swept wing. The single continuous wing panel also adapts itself more readily to varying angles of obliquity, and hence, to varying flight speeds. Previous work on the aerodynamics and flight stability of oblique wing combinations is reviewed and a possible mode of application to transport aircraft operating at moderate supersonic speeds is suggested.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 657-664
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: It is shown that the drag of any semi-infinite airfoil section in purely subsonic inviscid flow follows precisely the Prandtl-Glauert compressibility rule. The result for the parabola has application to leading edge corrections in thin airfoil theory.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 619-623
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: Comparisons of wing-body combinations may not disclose the full effect of a loss in aerodynamic efficiency. If the thrust needs to be increased at a given altitude then more or larger engines will have to be used and the possibility of concealing them becomes less. In this process the lift drag ratio of the complete airplane may become still more unfavorable than indicated by the comparison. Primarily aerodynamic and structural considerations point toward the development of turbojet engines specifically adapted to operation in an atmosphere of one tenth normal density. In addition to the numerous other technological problems associated with operation at these high altitudes, the problems of safe descent and effective limitation to low speeds at low altitudes seem important.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 579-592
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  • 18
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: If the thin airfoil theory is applied to an airfoil having a rounded leading edge, a certain error will arise in the determination of the pressure distribution around the nose. It is shown that the evaluation of the drag of such a blunt nosed airfoil by the thin airfoil theory requires the addition of a leading edge force, analogous to the leading edge thrust of the lifting airfoil. The method of calculation is illustrated by application to: (1) The Joukowski airfoil in subsonic flow; and (2) the thin elliptic cone in supersonic flow. A general formula for the edge force is provided which is applicable to a variety of wing forms.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 533-538
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2010-11-08
    Description: Some of the recent advances in the theory of thin airfoils are presented with particular reference to extensions of the theory to three dimensional flows and to supersonic speeds. The problem discussed herein is the calculation of the small disturbance velocities u, v, and w in the external field produced by the flight velocity V of the airfoil.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Collected Works of Robert T. Jones; p 483-497
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2004-10-07
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA Lewis Research Center Inlet Workshop; p 427-480
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Applications of supercritical airfoils to transport aircraft designs
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA AIRCRAFT SAFETY AND OPERATING PROBL., VOL. 1 1971; P 165-176
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Flight tests for evaluating effect of wing-tip vortex wake generated by large jet transports on smaller aircraft
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA AIRCRAFT SAFETY AND OPERATING PROBL., VOL. 1 1971; P 115-126
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Effect of wing-tip vortex wakes generated by large jet transport aircraft on smaller airplanes
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA AIRCRAFT SAFETY AND OPERATING PROBL., VOL. 1 1971; P 101-113
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  • 24
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Alleviation of lateral and longitudinal gust effects on aircraft
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: PERFORMANCE AND DYN. OF AEROSPACE VEHICLES 1971; P 505-553
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Effects of aeroelasticity on static longitudinal aerodynamic derivatives
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: PERFORMANCE AND DYN. OF AEROSPACE VEHICLES 1971; P 375-438
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Minimizing drag and increasing performance of optimum shapes at hypersonic flight
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: PERFORMANCE AND DYN. OF AEROSPACE VEHICLES 1971; P 103-174
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  • 27
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Least squares method and iteration technique for obtaining aerodynamic stability derivatives
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: PERFORMANCE AND DYN. OF AEROSPACE VEHICLES 1971; P 71-101
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Jet induced flow field effects on V/STOL aircraft in subsonic transition flight
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 683-702
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Iterative method for designing supersonic body of revolution from surface pressure distribution
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 75-84
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Ground wind loads on reusable space shuttles
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TECHNOL. SYMP., VOL. 2 JUL. 1970; P 143-160
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  • 31
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Space shuttle buffeting and aerodynamic noise
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TECHNOL. SYMP., VOL. 2 JUL. 1970; P 238-247
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Ducted fan interference analysis for transport aircraft
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON ANAL. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 703-719
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Time-dependent numerical method for blunt body flow field solutions
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 177-195
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Prediction methods for boundary layer and flow field characteristics in shock wave-boundary layer interaction
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 515-539
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Numerical analysis of three dimensional viscous supersonic flow fields about slender bodies
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA, WASHINTON ANAL. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 265-321
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: The problem of in-flight aerodynamic noise has been studied by reliable estimates of full scale surface-pressure fluctuations from scale model tests in wind tunnels. Scaling relationships have been verified, and many details of the fluctuating pressure characteristics such as spatial correlation and convection velocities are understood. The effects of the wind tunnel environmental turbulence and noise have also been investigated sufficiently so that threshold levels of usable data are known.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA Space Shuttle Technol. Conf.; p 71-96
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Method of characteristics for computerized design of optimal supersonic inlets
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 569-581
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Aerodynamic method of characteristics for pressure field calculations about wing-body combinations
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 215-227
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  • 39
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Numerical analysis of propeller-wing flow interaction with slipstreams
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON ANAL. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 721-742
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Wind tunnel simulation of ground wind shear and turbulence spectra and application to space shuttle launching
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. LEWIS RES. CENTER SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TECHNOL. SYMP., VOL. 2 JUL. 1970; P 161-175
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Lift and pressure distribution calculations for winged body with leading edge vortices
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON ANAL. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 113-129
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Finite difference solution for compressible turbulent boundary layer equations of swept slab with leading edge blowing
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 417-472
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Review of prediction methods for compressible turbulent boundary layers
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 355-416
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Finite difference analysis of hyperbolic partial differential equations
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 245-264
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Computer programs for predicting flow field properties in supersonic and hypersonic inlets
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 583-595
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Wing-body interference theory for calculating lift slope and stability at hypersonic speed
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 101-111
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Numerical lifting surface theory with spanwise distribution of control points
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 1-35
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Method of characteristics for flow field analysis on elliptical winged body
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 159-176
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Finite element method for predicting aerodynamic characteristics of wing-body combinations
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 37-51
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Potential flow solution for VTOL inlets in static and crossflow operation
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 659-681
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Analysis of secondary flow effects in propeller and rotor boundary layers
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON ANAL. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 473-514
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  • 52
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    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Finite difference method for transonic flow solution in axial stator
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 597-621
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Method of characteristics for calculating oblique shock wave interaction with turbulent boundary layer
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 541-567
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Aerodynamic forces in supersonic panel flutter
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 335-353
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  • 55
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Static laminar Coanda jet flow around circular cylinder with external flow entrainment
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON ANAL. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 197-214
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Correlation method for estimating pressure distribution over elliptic supersonic cones
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: L. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 85-99
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Calculation methods for predicting transonic aerodynamic characteristics of wing-body combinations
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON ANAL. METHODS IN AIRCRAFT AERODYN. 1970; P 53-73
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2005-02-24
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Res. in the Space Sci., Vol. 2, No. 1; 3 p
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  • 59
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2009-11-16
    Description: Aeroelasticity and unsteady flow problems of aircraft
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: PERFORMANCE AND DYN. OF AEROSPACE VEHICLES 1971; P 289-374
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2009-11-17
    Description: Prediction of steady and unsteady airloads on space shuttles
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. LEWIS RES. CENTER SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TECHNOL. SYMP., VOL. 2 JUL. 1970; P 223-237
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2009-11-23
    Description: Opinions conflict over the role of surface gravity in shaping impact craters on Mercury. One view holds that the effects of g are evident in measurable aspects of crater form; other investigators find little or no evidence for g's geomorphic importance. Ambiguity in the role of g and other variables in cratering on Mercury stems largely from uncertainty in identifying major geomorphic contrasts and the crater sizes at which they occur. One of these, depth/diameter (d/D), undergoes a major change at the transition from simple (bowl shaped) to complex (peaks and terraces) crater interiors. Four least-squares d/D fits for fresh craters on Mercury were attemped. The results are inconsistent. The d/D data that should resolve previous shortcomings is presented. The revised d/D distributions for simple and complex craters, which intersect at a diameter of about 5 km, support the initial thesis that g substantially influences the form of Mercury's craters.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geol. Program, 1983; p 104-106
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2006-08-20
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Calif. Univ. Res. in the Space Sci., v. 2; 24 p
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  • 63
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    Publication Date: 2006-06-26
    Description: The high closing speed of 57km/s between the spacecraft and Halley poses special problems in the design of the required meteoroid protection. A double wall structure with a total thickness equal to 0.1 to 1 times the diameter of the largest meteoroid encountered is sufficient to stop that meteoroid. However, the unusually high number of meteoroid impacts on the Halley probe will cause significant erosion of the outer wall so that failure of the second wall is more likely to occur from a small meteoroid passing through a previously created hole in the outer wall and then penetrating the second wall. Calculations of the shielding required based on this failure mode, show that a double wall structure must actually have a total thickness 1.2 to 7.3 times the diameter of the largest meteoroid encountered, depending on the size distribution of the meteoroids.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: ESA Comet Halley Micrometeoroid Hazard Workshop; p 73-76
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 111-120
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  • 65
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    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 121-133
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 97-110
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  • 67
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    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 49-58
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 71-84
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 85-96
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 1-12
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 35-48
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: its Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 59-70
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: Craters within the Ganymede Jg-7 quadrangle were divided into seven mappable units. The units represent: (1) irregular or elongate craters, (2) craters with dark ejecta, (3) palimpsests, (4) secondary craters, (5) and craters of young, mature, and old age. Symbols used for crater floors include: (1) flat floors, (2) floors with pits, (3) floora with a central dome or peak, (4) and floors with a central dome and pit. Grooved terrains were divided into five mappable units. Three units of light grooved material represent small, medium, and large grooves, which are arbitrarily divided. The other two units of grooved terrain represent dark grooved materials, and reticulate grooves. Two units of ungrooved dark terrain and two units of ungrooved light terrain were defined. In Galileo Regio, two units were defined repesenting large furrowed grooves, and smaller grooves which are orthogonal to the furrowed grooves.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geology Program, 1983; p 314-316
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  • 74
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    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: The relative time of emplacement of some major rock units on Mars was recognized to some degree from geologic mapping using Mariner Images. Correlation charts showing the map units and their position in sequence, however, displayed little discrimination in their vertical range of occurrence. A more detailed time-stratigraphy is currently being developed as Viking geologic mapping of the planet progresses.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geology Program, 1983; p 296-297
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: Although many radar profiles and images of the area within 20 deg of Mercury's equator had been obtained from 1971 to 1981, at both Goldstone and Arecibo radar facilities, surprisingly little geological analysis had been done with these data until recently. Topographic profiles and radar roughness reflectivity images which can be derived from these data will be crucial in completing the geological mapping of Mercury now underway at the U.S. Geological Survey. Processing of available radar data must be completed to establish any systematic relationship between radar reflectivities and roughness, density, dielectric constant, and other related geological parameters. Specific tasks accomplished for these purposes include the following. Documentation was located and searched to establish the type and quantity of Goldstone 12.5 cm radar observations which were available for Mercury. Data has been collected during approximately 50 observation periods from 1971 to 1981. About half of the data, collected during 1972 and 1973, have been processed, but without adequate documentation. A standardized, well-documented procedure for processing and analysis for all Goldstone Earth-based observations of Mercury was established.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geology Program, 1983; p 284-286
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: The origin of Mars surface units and the extent of subsequent cratering play key roles in determining surface texture. At scale sizes of 0.1-10 meters, however, there is a growing body of evidence that wind is the dominant force. The direct and indirect evidence which implies that meter-scale surface texture on Mars is controlled by the wind is presented. Since radar is uniquely sensitive to structure on these scales, radio wave scattering data can provide insight on aeolian activity available from no other source.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geology Program, 1983; p 273-275
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: Two old volcano-tectonic collapse structures are exposed north and northeast of the huge shield volcano, Olympus Mons. They are semicircular and were probably low shield volcanoes similar to Alba Patera, but whose central portions have subsided or collapsed. They form the basement upon which younger volcanic materials of Alba Patera Olympus Mons have been emplaced. The oldest structure, Acheron Fossae is over 700 km across and is north of Olympus Mons. It has a surface of considerable relief broken by graben and extensive en echelon and parallel fractures and faults with varied displacements. Acheron Fossae is the most densely cratered in the Olympus Mons region. The structure must have formed very early in martian time. The second is Halex Fossae, northeast of Olympus Mons. Where exposed, it is cut by a series of arcuate grabens that become closer spaced toward its center. The radii of the fractures indicate that the structure may be at least 250 km across and centered beneath the Olympus Plains. Lava flows appear to have issued from some of the arcuate fractures and to have flowed radially away from the center of Halex Fossae. North of Halex Fossae, material of the same age as Halex Fossae overlaps Acheron Fossae.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geology Program, 1983; p 293-295
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: High spatial resolution data from the Viking infrared thermal mapper (IRTM) are used to examine the Tharsis volcanoes which are situated within a vast area of low thermal inertia material very fine particle size or very high porosity, with the volcanoes having the lowest thermal inertias. Thermal infrared images of the 1823 flow on Kilauea's southwest rift zone show lower thermal inertias near the vent area where shelly pahoehoe is common while individual channelized aa flows with abundant broken pahoehoe slabs are higher thermal inertia. The increase in aa flows to the southeast leads to a general trend of increasing thermal inertias from near vent to distal areas. Martian shield volcanoes have thermal inertias equal to or higher than their surrounding plans when atmospheric effects are removed from the data. The general increase in thermal inertias away from the summit calderas is consistent with the trend of the Hawaiian 1823 flow and may be related to changing lava properties away from the summit.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geology Program, 1983; p 266-267
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: A photometrically and geometrically reduced data base is being produced for the Galilean Satellites using Voyager Imaging data. The basic data set used is essentially all the useful satellite images returned by Voyager. Each frame was radiometrically calibrated and many are projected into cartographic formats. Mosaics of low, medium and high resolution frames being made for each satellite consist of registered digital images with intensity values scaled through a traceable calibration procedure to normal albedo values. Many of the mosaics are being made in two versions. One version is an albedo version and the second is a maximum discrimination version in which large variations in brightness across the picture are suppressed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geology Program, 1983; p 259-260
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: One unique feature on Mars is the presence of ring furrows which are apparently produced by inversion of topography at the rims of partially buried craters. Ring furrows are flat-floored trenches, circular in plan view, forming rings 7 to 50 km in diameter. The moat is on the order of 0.5 km deep and 2 to 10 km wide, and it surrounds a flat topped circular mesa or plateau that is 5 to 40 km across. The central plateau is at the same elevation or lower than the surrounding plain outside the ring. The circular nature and size range of ring furrows tend to suggest that these features are related to craters partially buried by younger lava flows. The rings have been formed by preferential removal of the exposed crater rims. Ground ice decay, sapping, or fluvial erosion removed the less resistant, porous material of crater rims while leaving the more resistant volcanic flow material. Differential erosion has thus led to a reversal of topography in which the original positive relief of the rim is reduced to a negative relief feature.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geology Program, 1983; p 228-229
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: The morphology of channels, valleys, chaotic and fretted terrains and many smaller features on Mars is consistent with the hypothesis that localized deterioration of thick layers of ice-rich permafrost was a dominant geologic process on the Martian surface. Such ground ice deterioration gave rise to large-scale mass movement, including sliding, slumping and sediment gravity flowage, perhaps also catastropic floods. In contrast to Earth, such mass movement processes on Mars lack effective competition from erosion by surface runoff. Therefore, Martian features due to mass movement grew to reach immense size without being greatly modified by secondary erosional processes. The Viking Mission to Mars in 1976 provided adequate measurements of the relevant physical parameters to constrain models for Martian permafrost.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geol. Programs; p 209-211
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: High-resolution pictures of talus slopes on Mars show small, dark streaks that characteristically widen downward. These streaks are different from the thin and even streaks of various albedos that stream from cliffs on talus slopes, but gradations between the two streak types occur and not all streaks can be classified with confidence. In order to study the nature and origin of the small, widening, dark streaks, all Viking pictures with a resolution of less than 100 m/pixel were surveyed. To date several hundred streaks were located, but only few are of high enough resolution to be confidently identified as widening downwards. The approximate dimensions of the streaks were measured and their shapes, numbers, position, and spacing on slopes were noted. They were plotted on a topographic map, and their relation to topography, geologic units, and regions of distinct thermal inertia and albedo were studied. Also noted was the season at which images containing streaks were acquired and the direction of illumination. Albedo measurements are in progress. Several streaks can be seen stereoscopically, but none are observed on color images. The observation of small dark streaks on talus slopes on Mars is compatible with an interpretation of their origin as eruptions of small masses of wet debris in places where steep walls intersect aquifers or where seasonal equatorial warming permits the local melting of ground ice.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geol. Programs; p 188-190
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  • 83
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    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: The valley networks of Mars are widely believed to have formed at a time when climatic conditions on the planet were significantly different from those that currently prevail. This view arises from the following observations: (1) the valleys form integrated branching networks which suggests fluid drainage, and water is the most plausible fluid, (2) the present atmosphere contains only minute amounts of water, (3) the networks appear to be more akin to terrestrial valleys that are eroded by streams of modest discharges than features that form by catastrophic floods, and (4) small streams of water will rapidly freeze under present climatic conditions. Climatic conditions at the time of formation of the valleys are studied based on the assumption that they were cut by running water.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geol. Programs; p 185-187
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: Images of the surface of Venus obtained by the Soviet Venera 9, 10, 13 and 14 landers are analyzed to provide a basis for understanding the nature of geologic processes operating there. Bedrock is exposed at the Venera 10, 13 and 14 sites and is characterized by semi-continuous, flat polygonal to subrounded patches up to several meters in width. The bedrock surface is often dominated by sub horizontal to horizontal layered plates with thicknesses of several cm and abundant linear and polygonal vertical fractures. Soils (particles 1 cm) are abundant at the Venera 9, 10 and 13 sites, but are uncommon at Venera 14. Features indicative of a strong aeolian influence (moats, dunes, wind tails) are not observed. Several hypotheses are considered for the origin of the bedrock surfaces, and it is concluded that bedrock originated from surface lava flows. The relative freshness of features observed by the Veneras suggests that erosion rates are very low or that some bedrock surfaces are geologically young.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 76-78
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: A tectonic orgin for Venus banded terrain is consistent with band spacing. Both compressional (folding) and extensional models for band formation can fit present observations. Band spacing cannot distinguish among scenarios for global heat loss and for the origin of highland terrain. Tectonic models for band formation indicate that the surface brittle layer in the venus highlands is no more than a few kilometers thick.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 74-75
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: A study to determine the feasibility of conducting experiments to simulate the aeolian environment on Venus as related to wind abrasion was completed. Ideally, such experiments should involve complete investigation of weathering, in which mechanical, thermal, and chemical parameters are taken into account. This is particularly important for Venus, where atmospheric temperatures and pressures at the surface produce an environment which is equivalent to low or medium grade metamorphic conditions on Earth. Details that describe the Venus Aeolian Abrasion Device (VAAD) are included. The VAAD device would enable experiments to be conducted with the same chemistry, temperature, pressure, and other physical properties of the Venus atmosphere near the surface. The proposed device enables the important aeolian parameters to be controlled and monitored, including particle size, velocity, impact-angle and flux, atmospheric pressure, temperature, and gas composition.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 67-68
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  • 87
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    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: Why the lowlands of Mars are concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere and the highlands in the Southern Hemisphere is probably the most fundamental unsolved problem in martian geology. No explanation that accounts both for this asymmetric distribution and for the isostatic equilibrium across the scarp or sloping transition zone dividing the two provinces has been generally accepted; thinning of the lithosphere in the northern hemisphere by internal processes has been suggested. Because other lowland-highland distributions on Mars, Moon, and Mercury are controlled by impact basins, it is proposed that a giant basin formed early in Mars' history has caused the martian hemispheric dichotomy as well.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geol. Program, 1983; p 110-112
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: A number of researchers have concluded that saturation equilibrium cratering exists nowhere in the solar system, and therefore that diameter distributions in even the most heavily cratered provinces reveal initial production functions related to impacting bodies. Based on this premise, different populations of impactors are identified in different epochs and regions of the solar system. These hypotheses are clearly crucial to interpreting planetary history and need further independent examination. The production function in the outer solar system may differ from that in the inner solar system, but it is also possible that viscous relaxation of ice craters or immediate flooding of craters that penetrate through an ice lithosphere into watery substrate may explain the greater deficiency of large craters on icy moons. This problem is controversial and needs more study.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of the Planetary Geol. Program, 1983; p 97-99
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: Properties of the planetary surface and subsurface can affect the morphology of impact craters. A mechanism was proposed to explain pedestal craters and domed floors within fresh craters on Ganymede. Voyager 1 and 2 images with resolutions = to or 3.2 km/lp were examined and 523 fresh craters were identified. For each crater, the rim and ejecta diameters were measured, and the crater was characterized by ejecta class(es), interior features, floor morphology and target terrain. Of the craters examined, 97 show moderate to prominent doming of the crater floor; 340 craters have continuous ejecta which terminates in a scarp pedestal craters, of which 86 (25%) have a high albedo diffuse deposit beyond the pedestal.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geol. Program, 1983; p 94-96
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: A systematic survey of the entire Mariner 10 coverage of Mercury was performed to determine the number, distribution and dimensions of additional ancient basins on the planet. Ancient multi-ringed basins on Mercury can be recognized by the following criteria: (1) arcs of massif chains and isolated massifs that protrude through younger units, (2) arcuate segments of lobate ridges (rupes) that align with massifs in circular patterns, (3) arcuate scarps that are aligned with ridges and massif, and (4) isolated regions of anomalously high topography within the intercrater regions of heavily cratered terrain. All of the newly identified basins predate the mercurian intercrater plains, previously held to be the oldest geologic unit on the planet. Subsequent structural evolution of various regions was influenced by the presence of these basins. Smooth plains units appear to be more extensive than mapped by Mariner 10 and more than 90 percent of them appear to be basin contained or basin related. The concentration of extensive smooth plains material within and associated with basin structural and depositional environments suggests a volcanic origin for most of this unit, analogous to the lunar maria. Basins appear to provide the basic structural pattern of early terrestrial planetary crusts.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geol. Program, 1983; p 87-89
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: An improved version of the Pionner-Venus orbital data was used for a statistical analysis of global radar roughness and (alpha(0)) (rho) reflectivity. Classification maps of the venusian surface are produced in a supervised manner on the basis of statistical and empirical studies of the individual data sets. The primary objective is to assess the degree of homogeneity of surface radar properties within topographic provinces in order to map possible geologic boundaries. Maps were produced by correlating two data sets at a time. Classification of specific regions, such as Ishtar, has demonstrated that distinct geological units can be identified.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 81-82
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: Interest on Venus has centered on three regions; (1) Aphrodite Terra, especially east of the main uplant portion, (2) Ishtar Terra, especially Lakshmi Planum and its bounding scarp and massifs, and (3) Beta Regio-Phoebe Regio. The last region is topographically similar to the East African rift system, and has been inferred to have a similar tectonic origin. The Aphrodite region is part of a 21,000 km long tectonic zone that seems best explained as due to extension, and that may represent hot spots clustered along an incipient divergent plate boundary. The most interesting and complex portion of this tectonic zone is that part of eastern Aphrodite between Thetis Regio and Atla Regio. In contrast, the Lakshmi Planum region has many topographic characteristics suggesting that it is a true continent, and thus indicative of convergence and a thick crust. Detailed topographic contour maps of eastern Aphrodite Terra and of Lakshmi Planum are included.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 71-73
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: The results of analyses of near infrared reflectance spectra are inconsistent with numerous previous interpretations of the Reiner Gamma Formation. These include: (1) nue ardente or volcanic ash deposits, (2) volcanically derived sublimates, (3) high albedo volcanic deposits, and (4) highlands debris emplaced as impact ejecta. These results, strongly suggest that the selective preservation of high albedo features (formed by secondaries) by a local magnetic field enhancement is not a viable hypothesis. The results are generally consistent with, but place constraints on, the cometary impact hypothesis of Schultz and co-workers. While the presence of a magnetized component was not detected in either the bright or dark portions of the Reiner Gamma Formation, this material may be present in amounts under the current detection limits.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 59-61
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  • 94
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    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: On the basis of the icy conglomerate model of cometary nuclei, various observations demonstrate the spotted nature of many or most nuclei, i.e., regions of unusual activity, either high or low. Rotation periods, spin axes and even precession of the axes are determined. The observational evidence for variations in activity over the surfaces of cometary nuclei are listed and discussed. On June 11 the comet IRAS-ARAKI-ALCOCK approached the Earth to a distance of 0.031 AU, the nearest since C/Lexell, 1770 I, providing a unique opportunity for near-nucleus observations. Preliminary analysis of these images establishes the spin axis of the nucleus, with an oblioquity to the orbit plane of approximately 50 deg, and a lag angle of sublimation approximately 35 deg from the solar meridian on the nucleus. Asymmetries of the inner coma suggests a crazy-quilt distribution of ices with differing volatility over the surface of the nucleus. The observations of Comet P/Homes 1892 III, exhibiting two 8-10 magnitude bursts, are carefully analyzed. The grazing encounter produced, besides the first great burst, an active area on the nucleus, which was rotating retrograde with a period of 16.3hr and inclination nearly 180 deg. After the first burst the total magnitude fell less than two magnitudes from November 7 to November 30 (barely naked eye) while the nuclear region remained diffuse or complex, rarely if ever showing a stellar appearance. The fading was much more rapid after the second burst. The grazing encounter distributed a volume of large chunks in the neighborhood of the nucleus, maintaining activity for weeks.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 51-53
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  • 95
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: Dione is one of the most geologically complex of the Saturnian satellites. Crater counts and surface morphology indicates the geologic units observed are of variable age and origin. In an attempt to understand the processes which have affected Dione, a geologic map was prepared. Several geologic units were identified; ancient heavily cratered terrain, two plains units: cratered plains and lightly cratered plains, lobate deposits, crater rim deposits and bright wispy materials.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 34-36
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: For large parts of the surfaces of the Galilean satellites there is no stereoscopic high resolution imagery, and so for shadow-free regions far from the terminator, the only method of obtaining topograpic information is photoclinometry, the technique of converting brightness variations into local surface tilts and hence into topographic profiles and contour maps. The conversion from brightness changes to slopes require knowledge of the angular photometric function for the type of planetary surface terrain being analyzed, i.e., the relationship describing the brightness of the surface as a function of the angles of incidence (I) and emergence (E) of light at a surface element. In order to investigate the effects of these changes on the shapes of topographic profiles deduced from the functions, an area of grooved terrain (lines 500-505, samples 550-650 on frame 20640.27 0060J2) using wide ranges of values of all the adjustable parameters in Hapke's new photometric function were analyzed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 27-28
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  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-04-06
    Description: Exploratory work on the structure of the Ionian lithosphere is reported. The approach is to examine temperature profiles within the lithosphere that result from different distributions of sulfur and silicates and different conductive heat fluxes, then compare such profiles with observations in the expectation that only a limited set of the profiles are possible. In this preliminary work some rather simplistic assumptions were taken and the report should be viewed more as a demonstration of a method rather than a presentation of results.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA. Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. Program; p 11-13
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2006-02-22
    Description: An experimental study of slotted upper and lower walls in a two dimensional transonic wind tunnel with solid sidewalls is reported. Results are presented for several slot spacings and slot openness ratios. The experimental data were pressure measurements which were made on an airfoil model and on a sidewall near one of the slotted walls. The slotted-wall boundary condition coefficient, which related the pressure and streamline curvature near the wall, was determined from the wall pressure measurements. The measured wall-induced interference was correlated with the experimental values for the boundary condition coefficient. This correlation was compared with theory.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 2; p 459-471
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  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Improvements to the design of the Mariner spacecraft resulted in the Viking spacecraft. The Viking spacecraft would consist of two major systems - an orbiter and a lander, while the lander would provide the means for safely delivering the scientific instruments to the surface, house, and provide the necessary power source and communication links for those experiments, the orbiter would transport the lander to Mars, rovide a platform for the Viking imaging system so that proposed landing sites could be surveyed and certified, relay lander science information back to Earth, and conduct scientific observations in its own right.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: On Mars: Exploration of the Red Planet, 1958 - 1978; p 155-202
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A KC-135A aircraft equipped with wing tip winglets was flight tested to demonstrate and validate the potential performance gain of the winglet concept as predicted from analytical and wind tunnel data. Flight data were obtained at cruise conditions for Mach numbers of 0.70, 0.75, and 0.80 at a nominal altitude of 36,000 ft. and winglet configurations of 15 deg cant/-4 deg incidence, 0 deg cant/-4 deg incidence, and baseline. For the Mach numbers tested the data show that the addition of winglets did not affect the lifting characteristics of the wing. However, both winglet configurations showed a drag reduction over the baseline configuration, with the best winglet configuration being the 15 deg cant/-4 deg incidence configuration. This drag reduction due to winglets also increased with increasing lift coefficient. It was also shown that a small difference exists between the 15 deg cant/-4 deg incidence flight and wind tunnel predicted data. This difference was attributed to the pillowing of the winglet skins in flight which would decrease the winglet performance.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: KC-135 Winglet Program Rev.; p 103-116
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