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  • Articles  (4)
  • reliability
  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (4)
  • Sociology
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fire technology 23 (1987), S. 175-185 
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: Fire evaluation ; expert ; consensus ; stability ; reliability ; validity ; scaling measurement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract In this article some of the methodological problems associated with using the Delphi technique for the development of a Firesafety Evaluation (Points) Scheme are examined. These problems relate to: questionnaire design, the merits and demerits of Delphi groups versus panel groups, the definition of key terms (such as expert, consensus and stability), the reliability, validity and level of measurement achieved by Likert-type scaling techniques, and the differences in the decisionmaking processes of expert and nonexpert groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Water resources management 2 (1988), S. 21-34 
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Stochastic programming ; linear programming ; objective function ; synthetic streamflow ; reliability ; skewed ; random variable ; spill ; release ; storage ; free board
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract A generalized linear decision rule is presented which takes into account the aspect of spill in a multi-lag LDR model. The proposed rule incorporates past inflow experience to determine the optimum release rules based on a stochastic (linear) programming optimization model. It also prescribes a procedure of determining spill, should it occur, and the method of adjusting the release policy, accordingly, for the subsequent periods, which are directly affected by the spill of the current period. The use of the rule also makes it possible to produce a specification for a reservoir with a smaller capacity by taking liberal constraints on the reservoir freeboard during the monsoon months. The problem is solved, for the purpose of illustration, using the historical data of a river located in central India. Two synthetic streamflow series of a duration of 50 years each are generated under lognormal flow assumption. The prescribed release rules are applied to a hypothetical reservoir with the optimum capacity determined by the linear programming method, and the generated series as the inflow. The results and findings are quite satisfactory.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Water resources management 2 (1988), S. 87-102 
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Performance ; resilience ; reliability ; developing countries ; agricultural planning ; investment scheduling ; income redistribution ; trade-off
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract The conflict between performance measured in terms of economic and income redistribution objectives, resilience and reliability of irrigated agricultural expansions in developing countries is investigated via a planning framework consisting of three sequential optimization models. The first model determines the most economic planning alternatives. The second model examines, in terms of an income redistribution criterion, the social attractiveness of each plan. The third model determines resilience and operating rules of the various alternatives. The planning framework is appled for a hypothetical agricultural expansion on the order of 30 000 hectares based on data from the Nile Delta in Egypt. The trade-off between system performance, reliability and resilience is derived.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Water resources management 1 (1987), S. 241-254 
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Groundwater management ; optimization ; uncertainty analysis ; reliability ; multiple-objective analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract Like any other resources planning and management, groundwater management is performed in a stochastic environment in which the system itself involves a number of random elements. Consequences as a result of decisions made based on analyses are not certain. This paper presents a management model using the chance-constrained framework which explicitly considers the random nature of aquifer properties. The model enables the derivation of an optimal groundwater management policy that would satisfy required operation performance reliability. Furthermore, the chance-constrained model is extended to the multi-objective optimization framework in which a tradeoff between total water supply pumpage and system performance reliability is explicitly considered. The models are applied to a hypothetical example of a steady, nonuniform, homogeneous confined aquifer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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